KR100340087B1 - A solid fuel used waste plastic and the manufacturing method of the above solid fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a solid fuel using waste plastics and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to manufacturing a solid fuel for heating in which the waste plastic is mixed with charcoal (char) and a combustion retardant, a complexing agent, a continuity agent and an oxidant. Solid fuel using waste plastic and its manufacturing method that can save foreign currency in terms of efficient use of energy as well as environmental problems by using it as an alternative energy source for oil, gas and coal in steel mills, cement plants, power plants and other industrial boilers It is about.

Solid fuel using the waste plastics of the present invention 16 to 10wt% waste plastics pulverized in the form of 40-60 mesh, charcoal 55-62wt% combustibles pulverized in the form of 80-100 mesh, has a complexing agent function Barium nitrate (Ba (NO)₃)₂) 9-16 wt%, sodium nitrate (NaNO), an oxidant that activates combustion₃7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH), which is a lasting agent for continuously emitting flame₄NO₃₎7 ~ 4wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO), a combustion retardant that keeps the flame for a certain time₃) It is composed of 6 ~ 4wt%, which can greatly save foreign currency by efficient use of energy and energy import by solving environmental problems caused by recycling waste plastic and finding alternative energy sources.

Description

A solid fuel used waste plastic and the manufacturing method of the above solid fuel

The present invention relates to a solid fuel using waste plastics and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly to manufacturing a solid fuel for heating in which the waste plastic is mixed with charcoal (char) and a combustion retardant, a complexing agent, a continuity agent and an oxidant. Solid fuel using waste plastic and its manufacturing method that can save foreign currency in terms of efficient use of energy as well as environmental problems by using it as an alternative energy source for oil, gas and coal in steel mills, cement plants, power plants and other industrial boilers It is about.

In general, the plastic industry has been developed so that this century is called the strength of plastics. Plastics are less dense, easier to process, less corrosive, economical, and more energy-saving than other materials such as metals and ceramics. It is widely used as insulation material, parts of electric / electronic devices, automobile parts, etc., but these plastics are artificially made and have excellent corrosion resistance, chemical resistance, and durability. Will cause.

The recycling technology of these waste plastics has different technical and economical approaches depending on the type and condition of the plastic. For example, in the case of packaging materials and containers, they can be collected and processed for recycling through similar paths as conventional glass bottles collection, while plastics used for electronic products or automobile parts have to be considered from the development and design stage of products. Increases.

Therefore, among the developed countries, Japan has higher recycling rate and incineration rate than the United States, which reflects the fact that landfill is difficult due to the much smaller land area than the population. Depending on the type and products of waste plastic, it is urgent to develop policies and develop technologies appropriate for our country. However, this recycling is used only for heat recovery by incineration, as a building coating material, and as a soil improving agent. In particular, the amount of waste plastics produced in our country is increasing by 12% every year, but the recycling rate is about 16.6%. It is emerging.

In order to meet the above demand, the present invention grinds waste plastic (LDPE, HDPE, PP, PS, etc.) into relatively small particles in industrial waste, and burns charcoal which is a combustible material in the pulverized plastic, and a spark generated instantly during ignition. Compression molding equipment such as hydraulic press, which is mixed with additives such as anti-inflammatory agent to suppress the occurrence, oxidizing agent to help combustion, retardant to continuously discharge the flame, and water and adhesive, and compression-molded to a certain size and shape It is a technical task to make a large amount of foreign currency savings in terms of efficient use of energy as well as environmental issues by preparing fuel as an energy source.

Solid fuel using the waste plastics of the present invention 16 to 10wt% waste plastics pulverized in the form of 40-60 mesh, charcoal 55-62wt% combustibles pulverized in the form of 80-100 mesh, has a complexing agent function Barium nitrate (Ba (NO)₃)₂) 9-16 wt%, sodium nitrate (NaNO), an oxidant that activates combustion₃7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH), which is a lasting agent for continuously emitting flame₄NO₃₎7 ~ 4wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO), a combustion retardant that keeps the flame for a certain time₃) Is characterized by consisting of 6 ~ 4wt%.

In addition, the manufacturing method of the solid fuel using the waste plastic of the present invention is 16 ~ 10wt% waste plastics pulverized in the form of particles, charcoal 55 ~ 62wt% of combustibles pulverized in the form of particles, barium nitrate (Ba (NO₃)₂) 9-16 wt% sodium nitrate (NaNO₃7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH₄NO₃₎7 ~ 4wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃6 to 4 wt% of the main component mixing process to mix evenly by adding and stirring into the mixing tank, and the adhesive mixing process of evenly mixing 50 wt% of the whole mixture of agglomerate used as agglomeration and adhesive in the mixing tank, and the above process The solid obtained by injecting the mixture obtained in the predetermined mold and then compressed and molded to a predetermined size and shape, characterized in that consisting of a drying process of drying the compression-molded solid at 75 ~ 85 ℃ 10 to 14 hours have.

1 is a manufacturing process of the solid fuel using waste plastics according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a solid fuel using waste plastics showing another embodiment according to the present invention

Manufacturing process diagram.

Figure 3 is a solid using waste plastics showing another embodiment according to the present invention

Production process diagram of fuel.

The present invention for achieving the above object is described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 as follows.

1 is a manufacturing process diagram of a solid fuel using the waste plastic according to the present invention, the waste plastic 16 ~ 10wt% pulverized in the form of particles of 40 ~ 60 mesh (Mesh), crushed in the form of particles of 80 ~ 100 mesh (Mesh) Combustible charcoal (charcoal) 55 ~ 62wt%, barium nitrate (Ba (NO₃)₂) 9-16 wt% and sodium nitrate (NaNO, an oxidant to aid combustion)₃) 7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH) for continuous discharge of ammonia gas₄NO₃₎Calcium carbonate (CaCO) as a combustion retardant to keep the flame at 7 to 4wt%₃6 ~ 4 wt% is added to the mixing tank and stirred, and mixed evenly.

The properties of charcoal added at this time are shown in the table below.

(Table 1) Charcoal Properties

Particle Size (Mesh) Density (g / cm ³ ) Surface area (m ² / g) Pore (ml / g) 80-100 0.28 166 0.2 to 0.4

After the above process, 50 wt% of the whole mixture was added to the powder mixture used as agglomeration and adhesive in the mixing tank, and the mixture was evenly mixed at a stirring speed of about 50 RPM, and then the mixture was introduced into a constant mold, and 8-12 kg _f / cm ² Compression molding to a certain size and shape according to the pressing of the hydraulic press to make a solid, by drying the compression-molded solid at 75 ~ 85 ℃ 10-14 hours to complete the production of solid fuel using waste plastic.

(Example 1)

12 wt% of waste plastics pulverized in the form of 50 mesh particles, 58 wt% of charcoal (charcoal), combustibles pulverized in the form of 90 mesh particles, anti-inflammatory agent to suppress the instantaneous spark when ignited at the same time 12% by weight of barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ), 6% by weight of sodium nitrate (NaNO ₃ ), an oxidizing agent to assist combustion, and ammonia nitrate (NH ₄₎ 6 wt% of NO _{3) and} 6 wt% of calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) are added to the mixing tank and mixed as a combustion retardant to maintain the flame for a predetermined time.

Then, 50% by weight of the mixture is mixed with 50wt% of the mixture, and then mixed evenly at a stirring speed of about 50 RPM, and the mixture is compressed into a uniform size and shape by pressing with a hydraulic press of 10 kg _f / cm ² . By making a solid, and drying the solid for about 12 hours at about 80 ℃ to complete the production of solid fuel for heating using waste plastic.

Barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ), which is a complexing agent in which the heat or flame is evenly distributed when heat of 100 ° C. or more is applied to a solid fuel for heating using waste plastic prepared by the above process, or directly on the surface thereof. As the flame is burned, the flame instantly spreads, and the flame spread by the complexing agent is transferred to the combustible charcoal and powdered plastic to generate heat.

At this time, the flame generated when the complexing agent is instantaneously ignited is prevented by barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) as an anti-inflammatory agent, and ammonia gas is discharged from the ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) to maintain the flame continuously. On the other hand, when the charcoal of 58wt% is burned, the plastic containing 12wt% is burned at the same time, thereby generating a high amount of heat.

Table 2 compares the amount of heat generated when the solid fuel using the waste plastic produced by the present invention, coal, wood, PE, steam is burned.

(Table 2) Comparison with calories according to the weight of various fuels

ingredient Calories (kcal / kg) Coal 5,000-7,000 wood 4,500 PE 11,000 Heavy oil 10,000-11,000 Waste Plastic Solid Fuel 8,000

As can be seen in Table 1, the solid fuel using waste plastics of the present invention was found to have higher calories than coal, wood, PE, and steam.

In addition, in the solid fuel using the waste plastic produced according to the present invention, the metal composition before and after combustion is shown in Table 3.

(Table 3) Metal composition table before and after combustion of solid fuel produced using waste plastic.

ingredient Before combustion After combustion Sodium (Na) 28% 50% Calcium (Ca) 30% 22% Barium (Ba) 20% 46% Fe 16% 3% Potassium (K) 5% Silicon (Si) 1.8%

As can be seen from Table 3, the metal components before combustion of the solid fuel of the present invention are sodium (Na) 28%, potassium (K) 5%, calcium (Ca) 30%, iron (Fe) 16%, barium (Ba) At 20%, the amount of NO _x generated during combustion was 100 ppm or less, much lower than the boiler fuel environmental standard value of 300 ppm, and air pollutants such as SO _x and HCl gas were not detected at all, indicating that there was no secondary air pollution. After combustion, it was found that 50% of sodium (Na), 22% of calcium (Ca), 3% of iron (Fe), 46% of barium (Ba), and 1.8% of silicon (Si) were contained.

Figure 2 is a manufacturing process diagram of a solid fuel using waste plastics showing another embodiment according to the present invention, to add wormwood and sawdust to remove the odor generated during combustion.

That is, 40 to 44 wt% of charcoal, combustible material comminuted in the form of 80 to 100 mesh particles, barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ), which serves as an anti-inflammatory agent for suppressing the spark generated instantaneously when complexing and at the same time complexing. ₂ ) 8-12 wt%, and 8-5 wt% sodium nitrate (NaNO ₃ ), an oxidant to assist combustion, and 3-5 wt% ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) As a combustion retardant, calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) 5 to 3 wt%, sawdust 12 to 9 wt% and mugwort 8 to 10 wt% are added to the mixing tank, stirred and mixed evenly.

After the above process, 16 ~ 12wt% of waste plastics pulverized into 40 ~ 60 mesh particles are mixed in the mixing tank, and 50wt% of the whole mixture is added to the brown powder used as agglomeration and adhesive, and the stirring speed is about 50 RPM. After mixing evenly as, the mixture is introduced into a mold, and pressed into a hydraulic press of 8 ~ 12kg _f / cm ² by compression molding to a certain size and shape to make a solid, and the compression molded solid 75 ~ Drying at 85 ° C. for 10 to 14 hours completes the manufacture of solid fuel using waste plastic.

(Example 2)

42% charcoal (charcoal), combustible comminuted in the form of 90 mesh particles, barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) 10, which has a complexing agent function and serves as an anti-inflammatory agent to suppress the sparks generated when it is complexed. %, And 6% sodium nitrate (NaNO ₃ ), an oxidant to assist combustion, 4% ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) to continuously release the flame by releasing ammonia gas, and calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃₎ as a combustion retardant. 4% and 10% sawdust and 10% mugwort are added to the mixing tank.

Then, 14% of the waste plastic pulverized into a powder state of about 50 mesh is mixed in the mixing tank, and 50% of the whole mixture is added to the powdered powder as an adhesive, and then mixed evenly at a stirring speed of about 50 rpm. The mixture is pressurized by hydraulic pressure of 10 kg _f / cm ² to compression molding to a constant size and shape to make a solid, and the solid is dried for 12 hours at 80 ℃ to complete the production of solid fuel for heating using waste plastic.

Mugwort and sawdust is to remove the odor generated when the plastic is burned.

3 is a manufacturing process diagram of a solid fuel using waste plastics showing another embodiment according to the present invention, a solid fuel is prepared by the addition of the combustible general waste incinerator and waste activated carbon adsorbed with various heavy metals after pretreatment.

First, when the reaction is carried out in dilute hydrochloric acid to pretreat the waste activated carbon adsorbed with heavy metals, a considerable amount of heavy metal is eluted from char. At this time, the waste activated carbon after acid treatment is again diluted with sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfide (Na ₂ S) When the solution is stirred and reacted, the remaining heavy metal is converted into a sulfide and is present as a chemically or thermally stable compound. Thus, as described above, the waste activated carbon is removed or stabilized by acid treatment, neutralization or sulfide treatment. After that, it is introduced into the solid fuel production process.

In addition, waste activated carbon adsorbed with surfactants, spirits, etc. contains high concentrations of organics, and since these organics are composed of carbon and hydrogen in the molecular structure, these organics are carbon dioxide (CO ₂₎ when burned in the atmosphere. ) And water (H ₂ O) is evaporated, this waste activated carbon is removed from the alcohol and odor in a drying furnace of a suitable temperature, and then introduced into a solid fuel manufacturing process.

Therefore, barium nitrate, which acts as an anti-inflammatory agent to suppress the instantaneous sparks when it is combusted, has a complexing agent function and at the same time it has 54 ~ 48wt% of charcoal, a combustible product, which is pretreated to remove heavy metals and is pulverized into particles of 80 ~ 100 mesh. Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) 12 ~ 8wt%, and 6 ~ 4wt% of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), an oxidizing agent to assist combustion, ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) to continuously emit flame by ammonia gas 3 to 5 wt%, 5 to 3 wt% of general waste incineration ash and 8 to 14 wt% of mugwort are added to the mixing tank as a combustion retardant.

Then, 12 ~ 18wt% of the waste plastic pulverized into a powder state of 50 mesh in the mixing tank, and 50wt% of the whole mixture is added to the powdered brown powder as an adhesive, and then mixed evenly at a stirring speed of 50RPM The mixture is poured into a mold and pressed into a hydraulic press of 8-12 kg _f / cm ² to form a solid by compression molding to a certain size and shape, and the compression-molded solid at 10 ~ 75 ~ 85 ℃ By drying for 14 hours, the production of solid fuel using waste plastic is completed.

(Example 3)

Acid-treated, neutralized, and sulfide-treated contaminated waste activated carbon removes heavy metals, and has 52 wt% of waste activated carbon combusted in the form of 80-100 mesh particles. 10 wt% of barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ) as an anti-inflammatory agent to suppress, and 6 wt% of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), an oxidizing agent to assist combustion, and ammonia nitrate to continuously discharge the flame by ammonia gas ( NH ₄ NO ₃ ) 4 wt%, 4 wt% of general waste incineration ash and 10 wt% of mugwort as a combustion retardant are added to the mixing tank.

Then, 14 wt% of the waste plastic pulverized into a powder state of about 50 mesh is mixed in the mixing tank, and 50 wt% of the whole mixture is added to the powdered brown powder as an adhesive, and then mixed evenly at a stirring speed of about 50 RPM, As the mixture is introduced into a mold and pressed by a hydraulic press of 10 kg _f / cm ² , it is compression molded into a constant size and shape to make a solid, and the compressed molded solid is dried at 80 ° C. for 12 hours to use waste plastic. This completes the manufacture of the solid fuel.

As described above, the solid fuel for heating using waste plastics of the present invention has a higher calorific value than fossil fuels such as coal and petroleum, and emits less pollutants, so that petroleum is used in steelworks, cement plants, power plants, and other industrial boilers. Efficient use of energy by solving environmental problems and exploring alternative energy sources by recycling waste plastics, which generate about 12% annually in Korea as well as environmental problems by utilizing them as alternative energy sources for gas, coal And it is effective to greatly save the foreign currency by energy imports.

Claims (4)

16 ~ 10wt% of waste plastics pulverized in the form of 40 ~ 60 mesh, 55 ~ 62wt% of charcoal crushed in the form of 80-100 mesh Phosphorus Barium Nitrate (Ba (NO₃)₂) 9-16 wt%, sodium nitrate (NaNO), an oxidant that activates combustion₃7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH), which is a lasting agent for continuously emitting flame₄NO₃₎7 ~ 4wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO), a combustion retardant that keeps the flame for a certain time₃Solid fuel using waste plastic, characterized in that consisting of 6 ~ 4wt%. 16 ~ 12wt% of waste plastics crushed in the form of 40 ~ 60 mesh particles, 40 ~ 44wt% of charcoal (charcoal), combustible crushed in the form of 80 ~ 100 mesh particles, and has a complexing agent function. 8-12 wt% of barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ), an anti-inflammatory agent, 8-5 wt% of sodium nitrate (NaNO ₃ ), an oxidizing agent that activates combustion, and ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃₎ ) 3 ~ 5wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) 5 ~ 3wt%, a combustion retardant that keeps the flame for a certain time, 12 ~ 9wt% sawdust to remove odor generated during combustion, and mugwort 8 ~ 10wt% Solid fuel using waste plastic characterized in that. Heavy metals are removed by acid treatment, neutralization, and sulfide treatment, and waste activated carbon is 54 ~ 48wt%, combustible comminuted in the form of 80 ~ 100 mesh, 12 ~ 18wt% waste plastic, ground in the form of 40 ~ 60 mesh. 12 to 8 wt% of barium nitrate (Ba (NO ₃ ) ₂ ), an anti-inflammatory agent that has a function and suppresses instantaneous sparking during ignition, 6 to 4 wt% of potassium nitrate (KNO ₃ ), an oxidizing agent that activates combustion Ammonia nitrate (NH ₄ NO ₃ ) 3 ~ 5wt% to discharge, waste retardant 5 ~ 3wt% general waste incineration ash, waste plastics, characterized in consisting of 8 ~ 14wt% of wormwood to remove the odor generated during combustion Solid fuel using. 16 ~ 10wt% of waste plastics pulverized into particles, 55 ~ 62wt% of charcoal, combustible crushed into particles, and barium nitrate (Ba (NO₃)₂) 9-16 wt% sodium nitrate (NaNO₃7 ~ 4wt%, ammonia nitrate (NH₄NO₃₎7 ~ 4wt%, calcium carbonate (CaCO₃The main component mixing process of evenly mixing 6 ~ 4wt% into the mixing tank and stirring, An adhesive mixing process of mixing the powdered powder used as agglomeration and adhesive in the mixing tank by mixing 50 wt% of the whole mixture evenly; A solid forming process of compressing and molding the mixture obtained in the above process into a predetermined mold and then compressing the mixture to a predetermined size and shape; Method for producing a solid fuel using the waste plastic, characterized in that consisting of a drying process of drying the compression-molded solid at 75 ~ 85 ℃ 10 to 14 hours.