KR100311550B1 - Recording medium and recording device - Google Patents

Abstract

(Objective) A recording medium, a recording apparatus, and a playback apparatus suitable for expanding for recording and reproducing data with respect to a recording and reproducing system for music use.

(Configuration) In addition to the first and second management information, third management information (data U-TOC) for data is provided. The position of the third management information is a position given a predetermined offset from the position of the second management information. Thus, the third management information is used to concentrate allocation tables and directories for data recording / reproduction, for example, in one cache, so that allocation tables and directories necessary for one access and reproduction operation can be extracted .

Description

Recording medium and recording device

FIG. 1 is an external view of a recording medium and a recording / reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of P-TOC information installed in a recording medium of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of U-TOC information installed in the recording medium of the embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a link structure of U-TOC information installed in a recording medium of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

6 is an explanatory diagram of an area management state of a recording medium according to an embodiment of the present invention;

7 is an explanatory diagram of a track structure of a recording medium of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a sector for data installed in a recording medium of an embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

Fig. 9 is an explanatory diagram of sector mode 0 for data installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; Fig.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of sector mode 1 for data installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; FIG.

11 is an explanatory diagram of sector mode 2 for data installed in the recording medium of the embodiment;

Fig. 12 is an explanatory diagram for a structure of a data U-TOC caster installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; Fig.

Fig. 13 is an explanatory diagram of a CAT0 sector of data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; Fig.

14 is an explanatory diagram of a CAT1 sector of a data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment;

Fig. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a CAT2 sector of data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; Fig.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a CAT unit of data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment; FIG.

17 is an explanatory diagram of a word definition of a CAT unit in the recording medium of the embodiment;

18 is an explanatory diagram of a directory sector of data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment;

Figure 19 is an explanatory diagram of the directory hierarchy in the data U-TOC of the embodiment;

20 is an explanatory diagram of a heading sector of data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment;

21 is an explanatory diagram of a heading sector of a data U-TOC installed in the recording medium of the embodiment;

FIG. 22 is a flowchart of an operation process for the recording medium of the recording and reproducing apparatus of the embodiment; FIG.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

1: disk 10: recording / reproducing device

11: disk insertion part 12: key input part

13: Display section 14: Image scanner section

15: I / O connection part 21: System controller

23: optical head 28: decoder

30: encoder 32: converted memory

33: buffer RAM 34: communication circuit

35: Display controller

[Industrial Applications]

The present invention relates to a recording medium (disk) for performing data recording and a recording apparatus and a reproducing apparatus corresponding thereto.

BACKGROUND ART [0002]

A magneto-optical disk has been put to practical use as a recording apparatus, a reproducing apparatus, and a recording medium capable of recording / reproducing music, etc. In recent years, a user can record not only a reproduction but also a voice such as a music piece Mini disc) are known.

When this mini disc system is used, so-called music is recorded / reproduced. Furthermore, it is also considered that the mini disc system can record / reproduce data other than music information.

In this specification, a so-called audio signal, such as music and voice recorded on a magneto-optical disk, is digitized, in particular, referred to as "audio data", and one unit thereof is referred to as "music". Thus, what is recorded on a magneto-optical disc as data used in information devices such as so-called computers, such as characters and graphics other than audio data, is simply referred to as "data" or "general data" and distinguished from audio data. One recording and reproducing unit of data is referred to as a " data file ".

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

Here, it can not be said that a mini disc system in which format is originally formed for music is used for data, and information retrieval and updating are possible.

Particularly, in the case of music information management for music use, it is different from the management information of the data file in the case of data use, and the name data and the attribute data for search are not important (at least, It is good. The case where data for transmission of search data to an external device and the like are unnecessary or a case where many data volumes with a small data volume with respect to audio data exist (for example, very short music tones) are not considered very much, There is no need to cope with the case where there are a large number of files. For example, only up to 255 tones can be handled by management information for audio data, which will be described later. From these various viewpoints, the management information of the music for music use is generated so as to be suitable for music use, and is not suitable for data use. That is, for example, there is a problem that it is not suitable to expand the mini disc system for recording and reproducing general data by using a management method as it is.

In other words, although a mini disc system is taken as an example, the same is true of a recording / reproducing system for other types of musical applications.

[MEANS FOR SOLVING THE PROBLEMS]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording medium, a recording apparatus, and a playback apparatus which are suitable for expanding the recording and reproducing system for music use for data recording and reproduction.

Therefore, the recording medium is management information for managing recording / reproducing of data in an area used for recording / reproducing data, and is provided with first management information (for example, (Hereinafter referred to as " P-TOC ") recorded as ROM data, and second management information (hereinafter referred to as " P-TOC ") which is rewritable information arranged at a position indicated by the first management information in a predetermined recording / (Hereinafter, referred to as audio U-TOC) capable of being rewritten in accordance with a recording operation of audio data of a user) and a user-TOC And third management information which is rewritable information arranged at a position separated by an address distance (for example, recording / erasing for management of data, It shall be provided with a because (hereinafter referred to as a data U-TOC) TOC that can be rewritten). That is, to include the management information for recording / reproducing operations of data.

When the second management information is located at a forward address position in the recording / reproduction management area on the recording medium, the third management information is located at a position of a predetermined address distance And when the second management information is located at a rear address position in the recording / reproduction management area on the recording medium with respect to the predetermined address position, the third management information is located in the recording / reproduction management area ahead of the second management information So as to be spaced apart from the address position by a predetermined address distance.

In the third management information, an allocation table and a directory for managing data recording / reproduction in the information medium are installed. That is, it is assumed as management information having a function as a data U-TOC.

As the third management information, an arrangement and a directory for managing the recording / reproducing of data on the recording medium are provided, and in the allocation, a recording medium prepared for data recording / Reproducing operation unit (for example, in the case of a mini-disk system, one craster is the minimum recording / reproducing operation unit), each recording / reproducing operation unit (Caster) is prohibited from being recorded in the data, and that the recording / reproducing operation unit (caster) is the data recording and reproduction prohibited.

A sector in which management information for managing the recording / reproduction of data is recorded and a sector used for recording / reproducing data are prepared, and a predetermined number of sectors are used to perform one recording / reproducing operation unit (for example, 36 sector = 1 craster) is formed in a sector included in the same recording / reproduction operation unit, and in a sector included in the same recording / reproduction operation unit for a sector in which a directory for managing recording / reproduction of data is installed as management information, So that reference information can be recorded.

Then, a sector in which management information for managing recording / reproduction of data is recorded and a sector used in recording / reproducing data are prepared, and one recording / reproducing unit (a cluster) is formed by a predetermined number of sectors In a recording medium, reference information corresponding to recorded data may be recorded in a sector included in the same recording / reproduction operation unit for a sector in which a directory for managing recording / reproduction of data is installed as management information A sector in which management information consisting of an allocation table or a directory or reference information is recorded to manage recording / reproduction of data, and a sector in which data is recorded / In this category information, at least the sector is a blank sector in which data is not recorded Reference enables information to be identified that the sector is recorded.

Next, in a recording apparatus corresponding to a recording medium on which management information for managing recording / reproduction of data is recorded, when a data file is recorded on the recording medium, management information for managing the data file is recorded or rewritten , An identification code indicating management information for data file management is recorded in a predetermined area in the management information.

Here, the identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX.

When a data file recorded on a recording medium is reproduced, a reproduction apparatus corresponding to the recording medium on which the management information is recorded for managing the recording / reproduction of data, It is determined that the information is management information, and is used as management information to perform data access.

Here, the identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX.

Next, one recording / reproducing unit (a cluster) is formed by a predetermined number of sectors, and as a sector of management information, an allocation table for managing recording / reproduction of data and a recording table As long as a blank sector exists in a certain recording / reproducing operation unit (cluster) in which an allocation table and a directory are allocated for management information, the recording apparatus uses the sector in the recording / The unit is recorded intensively.

A sector in which management information for managing the recording / reproduction of data is recorded and a sector in which data is recorded / reproduced are prepared. One recording / reproducing unit (a cluster) is formed by a predetermined number of sectors, A sector included in the same recording and reproducing operation unit with respect to a sector in which a directory for managing the recording and reproduction of data is installed as management information is recorded in a sector corresponding to the recording medium, The reference information is generated by extracting a specific number or a specified number of data parts in the recorded data file and the generated reference information is recorded in the same record with respect to the sector in which the directory for managing the recording / And is recorded in a predetermined sector included in the reproduction operation unit.

A sector in which management information for managing recording / reproduction of data is recorded and a sector used for recording / reproducing data are prepared, and at the same time, an area table for managing recording / reproduction of data on the recording medium as management information And a sector in which management information which is a directory is recorded and a sector used for recording / reproducing data are provided with a header having at least address information and category information. As this category information, at least the sector A sector in which data or location tables and directories are recorded is rewritten with a code indicating that the category information of the sector is a blank sector so that data The sector of the management information or the sector of the management information is erased.

[Action]

For example, by providing management information for data as third management information in addition to the first and second management information provided for audio data, management suitable for the data recording / reproducing operation can be performed.

When the position of the third management information is set to the forward address position or the backward address position which is separated by a predetermined address distance from the position of the second management information derived from the first management information, the position management of the third management information itself is realized do.

As the third management information, an allocation table and a directory for a data file to be recorded are provided so that it is suitable for data retrieval use.

If the allocation table and the directory are concentrated as the third management information in this manner, for example, by recording in the one-caster serving as a recording / reproducing operation unit, the necessary allocation tables and directories Therefore, it is necessary to access the directory and the location table a number of times while sequentially searching for the directory and the location table, and the order of reaching the actual data file can be solved at the end, thereby speeding up the data reading .

Reference information for searching can be called even if the reference information for searching (for example, the text information and the icon of the data file) is not particularly accessed by reading the reference information in the sector in the same cache as the sector in which the directory is recorded. It is also useful as a guide for.

With respect to the sector in which data or management information is recorded, category information indicating that the sector is the empty sector and the sector in which the reference information is recorded is added, thereby facilitating the recording / reproducing operation.

When a data file is to be recorded on a recording medium, the recording apparatus records an identification code indicating management information for data file management in a predetermined area in the management information when recording or rewriting the management information for managing the data file. So as to correctly detect that the management information is the management information for the data file.

When the data is accessed using the management information after determining that the management information for management of the data file is the management information for the data file with reference to the identification code, the reproduction apparatus can access the data file with accuracy.

When recording management information for data as a recording apparatus, the allocation table and the directory are set so that, as long as a blank sector exists in a certain recording / reproducing operation unit (cache) allocated for management information, By concentrating on sectors, a recording medium of the centralized management system in which the number of times of access at the time of retrieval is effectively reduced as described above is realized.

The reference information to be recorded on the recording medium is generated by extracting a data portion in a specific number or a specified number of recorded data files, so that effective reference information can be obtained without delay of the user.

Then, with respect to the sector in which the data or the allocation table or directory or the reference information is recorded, the sector information of the sector is rewritten with a code indicating that the sector is a blank sector, do.

[Example]

Hereinafter, a disk format and a recording / reproducing apparatus as an embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following order.

1) Appearance and configuration of disk and recording / reproducing device

2) P-TOC format on disc

3) U-TOC format on disk

4) Region structure on disk

5) Format of sector for data

6) Data file management method by U-TOC

7) Data Recording / playback operation by U-TOC management

(1: Appearance and configuration of disk and recording / reproducing apparatus)

FIG. 1 shows an external view of a recording / reproducing apparatus and a disk according to the embodiment.

Although a magneto-optical disk is used as the disk 1, its outer portion is accommodated in the cartridge K as shown in FIG. 1, and the disk recording surface is exposed by sliding the shutter S.

The recording and reproducing apparatus 10 is provided with a disk insertion portion 11 in which a cartridge K containing the disk 1 is loaded and the cartridge K is inserted into the disk insertion portion 11, The shutter S is slid by the internal mechanism so that the other side of the disk 1 is exposed and is in a recordable or reproducible state.

On the upper surface of the housing of the recording and reproducing apparatus 10, there are provided a key input unit 12 provided for the user's operation and a display unit 13 for displaying menu information for retrieving data and outputting retrieved data. The key input unit 12 is provided with a cursor movement key, an enter key, a data input key, and the like.

Reference numeral 14 denotes an image scanner unit which is capable of detecting image information recorded on the paper surface, converting the image information into dot data, and inputting the dot data as image data.

And 15 is an input / output connection unit. By connecting the communication cable C, data can be exchanged with other information devices (computer, word processor, etc.).

The configuration of the main part of the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 is shown in FIG.

2 shows a state in which the disc 1 (the cartridge K accommodating the disc 1) is loaded. Reference numeral 21 denotes a system controller for controlling various operations of the recording / reproducing apparatus, for example, formed by a microcomputer.

Reference numeral 22 denotes a spindle motor, and the loaded disc 1 is rotationally driven by a spindle motor 22. Reference numeral 23 denotes an optical head for irradiating a laser tube at the time of recording / reproduction with respect to the disk 1. At the time of recording, a high-level laser output for heating the recording track to the Curie temperature is performed. And performs a relatively low-level laser output for detecting data.

Therefore, the optical head 23 is equipped with a laser diode as laser output means, an optical system including a deflection beam splitter and an objective lens, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens 23a is displaceably supported by the biaxial mechanism 24 in the radial direction of the disk and in the direction of returning to the disk and the entire optical head 23 is supported by the sled mechanism 25 in the radial direction of the disk And is movable.

Reference numeral 26 denotes a magnetic head for applying a magnetic field fired by the supplied information to the magneto-optical disk, and is disposed at a position opposed to the optical head 23 with the disk 1 interposed therebetween.

The information detected from the disc 21 by the optical head 23 is supplied to the RF amplifier 27 by the reproducing operation. The RF amplifier 27 generates a reproduced RF signal, a tracking error signal, a focus error signal, absolute position information (absolute position information recorded as a pregroove (wobbling groove) on the disk 1) , Address information, subcode information, and a focus monitor signal. Then, the extracted reproduction RF signal is supplied to the decoder unit 28. The tracking error signal and the focus error signal are supplied to the servo circuit 29. The focus monitor signal is also supplied to the system controller 21.

The absolute position information obtained by decoding the pre-groove information output from the address decoder 29 or the address information recorded as data is supplied to the system controller 21 through the decoder unit 28 and used for various control operations .

The servo circuit 29 generates various servo drive signals based on the supplied tracking error signal, focus error signal, track jump command from the system controller 21, seek command, rotation speed detection information, And controls the spindle motor 22 at a constant angular velocity (CAV) or a constant linear velocity (CLV).

The reproduced RF signal is decoded by the decoder unit 28 such as an EFM demodulation CIRC decode, an ACIRC decode, and the like, and then subjected to predetermined processing through the system controller 21.

The information supplied to the system controller 21 as information to be recorded on the disk 1 in the recording operation is encoded by an encoder unit 30 such as ACIRC encoding, CIRC encoding, EFM modulation, And is supplied to the driving circuit 31.

The magnetic head drive circuit 31 supplies a magnetic head drive signal to the magnetic head 26 in accordance with the encoded data. That is, magnetic field of N or S is applied to the disk 1 by the magnetic head 26. At this time, the system controller 21 supplies a control signal to the optical head 23 so as to output laser light of a recording level.

Reference numeral 32 denotes a conversion memory for converting the code data into font data and performs font conversion processing for displaying character data read from the disk 1. [

Reference numeral 33 denotes a beaver RAM for temporarily storing dot data taken by the image scanner 14, display data displayed by the display unit 13, transmission / reception data by the connection unit 15, audio read from the disk 1 And functions as a temporary storage unit for outputting data or a data file.

TOC, U-TOC, and data U-TOC are read out from the disc 1, and the system controller 21 reads the management information recorded on the disc 1 The address information to be recorded and the address to be reproduced are discriminated according to the management information of the buffer RAM 33. This management information is stored in the buffer RAM 33. [ That is, the system controller 21 reads out these management information by executing a reproducing operation in the management information area (for example, the innermost circumference side of the disk) when the disk 1 is loaded, and stores it in the buffer RAM 33 So that it can be referred to in the recording / reproducing operation with respect to the disk 1 thereafter.

However, the system control unit 21 performs the management information stored in the buffer RAM 33 every time the recording / erasing operation is performed, and the U-TOC and the data U-TOC are rewritten according to the recording or erasing of the data , And rewrites the management information area of the disc 1 at a predetermined timing in accordance with the rewriting operation.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a communication circuit for transmitting / receiving data to / from an external device via the connection unit 15. [

A display controller 35 is a control circuit for causing the display unit 13 to display display data from the system controller 21, that is, display of the search menu or data read from the disk 1. [

With the above arrangement, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 can perform the recording operation and the reproducing operation by the disk 1 of various data.

(2: P-TOC format on the disc)

Next, the format of the P-TOC in the disc 1 will be described.

In the case of a disc as a so-called mini disc system for an acousto-optical recording and reproducing apparatus, a disc of a pre-master type (optical disc) in which a music piece or the like is recorded in advance and a recording medium in which a user can rewrite data (Magneto-optical disk), and a hybrid type in which a ROM area in which music is recorded in advance and a magneto-optical area in which recording is made are provided. Depending on their type, these discs may have areas, Or the like is recorded as P-TOC or U-TOC information.

The disk and the recording and reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment are suitable for the above-described data recording use using the format of the MiniDisc system, and necessary portions are used as management information in the P-TOC and the U-TOC as they are. Therefore, when audio data is not recorded, unnecessary information is also included. Hereinafter, management information for the audio data is also described.

As the P-TOC information, area designation such as recordable area (recordable user area) of the disc, management of the ROM area, and the like are performed. In the case of a premastered disc or a hybrid disc as an audio data application, it is also possible to manage the music data in ROM.

The format of the P-TOC is shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 shows one sector of the P-TOC information to be repeatedly recorded in the area for the P-TOC (the ROM area on the inner circumferential side of the disk).

The data area of the sector of the P-TOC is composed of, for example, a data area of 4 bytes X 587, and a sync pattern consisting of one byte data of 0 or 1 is shown at the head position. Address and the like representing the P-TOC area are added as 4 bytes.

Then, an identification ID by an ASCII code corresponding to the character " MINI " is added to the predetermined address position following the header.

Then, the disc type, the recording level, the first TNO of the recorded musical piece, the last TNO of the last musical piece, the lead-out start address RO _A , the power-cala area start address PC _A , the U- The start address UST _A of the recordable area (the data area of the U-TOC sector 0 of FIG. 4 to be described later), the start address RST _A of the recordable area, and the like are recorded in the management table part, (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) corresponding to the table is prepared.

In the area following the corresponding table indication data section, a management table having 255 part tables (01h) to (FFh) corresponding to the table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TN0255) (Hereinafter referred to as " h " means so-called hexadecimal notation). In each part table, a start address which is a starting point for a certain segment (in this case, a segment in which the data is physically consecutively recorded on the track of the disc), a terminating end address, The mode information (track mode) of the recording medium is recorded.

The track mode information in each part table includes, for example, information indicating whether the segment is prohibited from being overwritten or prohibited from copying data, whether it is audio information, a type of mono / stereo, and the like.

In each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table part, the contents of the segment are indicated by the table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) in the corresponding table indication data part. That is, for a piece of music of the first musical piece, a part table (for example, (01h)) is assigned to the table pointer P-TNO1 by a table pointer P- In this case, the start address of the part table 0lh is the start address of the recording position of the music piece of the first music piece, and the end address is the same as that of the music piece of the first music piece And becomes the end address of the recorded position. The track mode information is information on the first track.

Similarly, for the second piece of music, the start address, the end address, and the track mode information of the recording position of the second piece are recorded in the part table (for example, 02h) displayed on the table pointer P-TNO2.

Since the table pointer is prepared up to the P-TNO255, it is possible to manage the 255th track on the TOC.

By forming the TOC sector O in this manner, a predetermined music piece can be accessed and reproduced, for example, at the time of reproduction.

In the case of a recording / reproduction type disc in which a music area of a pre-mixed stud does not exist even if it is used for data recording purposes or music use as will be described later in the present embodiment, Since the management table section is not used, each byte becomes " 0Oh ".

(3: U-TOC format on disc)

FIG. 4 is a data area in which the format of one sector of the U-TOC is displayed and in which management information is recorded for an unrecorded area in which music recorded by a user or new music can be recorded.

For example, when a disc is to be used for music, and a certain music piece is to be recorded on the disc, an unrecorded area on the disc can be found from the user TOC, and audio data can be recorded thereon. At the time of reproduction, an area in which a piece of music to be reproduced is recorded is discriminated from the U-TOC information, and the area is accessed to perform a reproducing operation.

In the sector of the U-TOC shown in Fig. 4, a header is provided first like a P-TOC, followed by a maker code, a model code, a first TNO of a piece of music, Last TNO), sector usage status, disk serial number, disk ID, and the like are recorded, and the area of the music tune and the unrecorded area recorded by the user are recorded in correspondence with the management table section An area in which various table pointers (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1 to P-TN0255) are recorded is prepared as the corresponding table indication data section.

Then, 255 part tables from (01h) to (FFh) are provided as management table portions to be associated with the table pointers (P-DFA to P-TNO225) in the corresponding table indication data portion. In each of the part tables, the start address, the end address, and the mode information (track mode) of the segment are recorded as a starting address for a certain segment, such as the Toc sector O in the FIG. 3, , The segment indicated by each part table may be connected to another segment, so that link information indicating the part table in which the start address and end address of the segment to be connected is recorded can be recorded .

In the case of a mini disc system for music use, for example, even if data of one piece of music is recorded in physical discontinuity, that is, across a plurality of segments, since playback is performed while accessing between segments, The music piece may be divided into a plurality of segments and recorded for efficient use of the recordable area or the like. As a result, link information is installed. For example, a part table to be connected by numbers (01h) to (FFh) (actually indicated by a numerical value indicating the byte position in the U-TOC sector O by a predetermined operation process) assigned to each part table (And the segment information is not normally segmented for previously recorded music, etc.), the link information in the TOC segment 0 is all "00h".

That is, in the management table portion of the U-TOC sector example, one part table represents one segment. For example, for a piece of music composed of three segments connected to each other, three part tables Thus, the position of the segment is managed.

Each part table from (O1h) to (FFh) in the management table part of the U-TOC sector 0 corresponds to the table pointers (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P- P-TNO255), the content of the segment is displayed.

The table pointer P-DFA is displayed for a defective area on the magneto-optical disc 1, and is a part table in which a track part (= segment) serving as a defective area due to a scratch or the like is displayed or a leading part table . That is, when a defect segment is present, one of (O1h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-DFA, and the defect segment is indicated by the start and end addresses in the corresponding part table. In addition, when there is a defect segment, another part table is designated as link information in the part table, and the defect segment is also displayed in the part table. If there is no other defect segment again, the link information is, for example, " (0Oh) "

The table pointer P-EMPTY indicates the head part table of one or a plurality of unused part tables in the management table part. When there is an unused part table, the table pointer P-EMPTY indicates Either one is recorded. When there are a plurality of unused part tables, sequential part tables are designated by the link information from the part table specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY, and all the unused part tables are linked on the management table part.

For example, in a magneto-optical disk in which audio data such as all music data is not recorded and no defects exist, the part table is not used at all, and therefore the part table O1h is designated by the table pointer P-EMPTY The part table 02h is designated as the link information of the part table 01h and the part table 03h is specified as the link information of the part table 02h. In this case, the link information of the part table FFh becomes " (00h) "

The table pointer P-FRA is displayed in a recordable unrecorded area (including an erasure area) of data on the magneto-optical disk 1, and is recorded in one or a plurality of part tables in which a track part (= segment) The leading part table is specified. In other words, when there is an unrecorded area, one of (O1h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-FRA, and a segment which is an unrecorded area is displayed in the part table corresponding thereto by the start and end addresses . When there are a plurality of such segments, that is, when there are a plurality of part tables, the part table whose link information is "(0Oh)" is sequentially designated by the link information.

FIG. 5 schematically shows the management state of a segment which becomes an unrecorded area by the part table. When this segment 03h (18h) (1Fh) (2Bh) (E3h) is an unrecorded area, this state continues to the part table 03h, 18h, 1Fh 2Bh) (E3h). The management status of the defective area and unused part table is also the same as this.

The table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO255 display music data recorded by the user on the magneto-optical disk 1. For example, in the table pointer P-TNO1, one or a plurality of And a part table in which a segment which becomes temporally leading in the segment is displayed is designated.

For example, in the case where a piece of music is recorded on a disc without being divided (that is, in one segment), the recording area of one piece of music is recorded in the part table displayed on the table pointer P-TNO1 Start and end addresses.

For example, when a piece of music composed of two pieces of music is discretely recorded on a plurality of segments on the disc, each segment is designated in accordance with a temporal order in order to display the recording position of the piece of music. That is, other part tables are sequentially designated in time order from the part table designated in the table pointer P-TN02 by the link information, and linked to the part table whose link information is "(0Oh)" It is the same as the help). As described above, for example, all segments in which data constituting two music tracks are recorded are sequentially designated and recorded, so that the data of the U-TOC sector O can be used to reproduce two tracks, It is possible to access the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6 to generate continuous music information from the discrete segments or to use the recording area efficiently when the redundant recording is performed.

As will be described later with respect to this embodiment, when used for data recording purposes, the corresponding table indication data portion and the management table portion are not used in the U-TOC, and therefore all are set to "0Oh".

(4: area structure on disk)

Here, the area structure in the disk 1 will be described, and the positional relationship and management of the P-TOC and the U-TOC will be described.

In the case of a magneto-optical disk, the area (pre-mapped area) in which data is recorded by the encode bit indicated by the bit area in the sixth figure is roughly divided into a groove area in which the groove is provided have.

Here, as the pre-mapped area, the P-TOC is made a reproduction-only management area in which the P-TOC is recorded, and the P-TOC sector is repeatedly recorded.

The minimum recording and reproducing operation unit for the recording track in the disk 1 is a caster, that is, the recording operation or the reproducing operation is always performed with one caster as a minimum unit.

As shown in FIG. 7, one craster is composed of 36 sectors. However, four of these sectors are used as sub data or linking areas. Recording of TOC data, audio data, or general data other than audio realized in the present embodiment as sub data areas is performed in the main data area of 32 sectors.

A groove area is formed, for example, from the caster addresses " 0000h " to " OBFFh " following the innermost periphery of the disc 1 as shown in Fig. 6, To the address indicated by the lead-out start address ROA in the P-TOC is a writable recordable area.

Of the recordable areas, the recordable user area in which data is actually recorded is read out from the position (for example, the caster address " 0032h ") indicated as the recordable user area start address RST _A in the P- To the address RO _A.

In this case, the area ranging from the caster address "000Oh" to the recordable user area start address RST _A (the caster address "0032h") becomes the recording / reproduction management area, and the above-mentioned U-TOC is recorded.

In the recording and reproduction management area, one cluster from the position indicated by the power-on area start address PC _A is provided as a laser-power calibration area.

The U-TOC is a three-caster continuous record at the required position in the recording / playback management area of the caster addresses "000Oh" to "O032h", and the P-TOC In the U-TOC start address UST _A.

As described above, the area management on the disc is performed by the P-TOC. When audio data is recorded in the recordable user area, management of the recordable user area is performed by the U-TOC in the above-described manner .

In this embodiment, since data other than audio data is recorded / reproduced in the recordable user area, data U-TOC to be described later is provided as information for managing this data, but this data U- TOC "shown in the U-TOC start address USTA in the P-TOC, as shown in the figure, as shown in Fig. Quot; 1Oh " offset from the head position, for example. Or when the head position of the U-TOC is located at a position behind the address "0020h" and the position of "3h" is recorded at a position offset from the "10h" position, Quot; -1Oh " offset from the leading position of the TOC, for example. In any case, the data U-TOC is also recorded in the recording and reproduction management area, and this data U-TOC performs management for data recording and reproduction with respect to the groove area.

The start address of the data U-TOC in the recording / playback management area is not directly displayed in the P-TOC, but the start address of the U-TOC displayed in the U-TOC start address USTA in the P- Is obtained by adding the crest address by " -1Oh ".

Of course, the area used for actual data at the time of data recording and reproduction becomes a recordable user area.

Hereinafter, the format of the data area and the data U-TOC for data recording / reproducing use will be described.

(5: format of sector for data)

A sector structure for data provided in a recordable area for use in recording / reproducing actual data will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 to 11. FIG.

The minimum recording playback operation unit (that is, the input unit of the encoder 30 or the output unit of the decoder 28 in FIG. 2) is one cache as described above. In this one cache, Though there are 32 sectors as an area, what is shown is the structure of that sector.

The minimum recording playback operation unit (that is, the input unit of the encoder 30 or the output unit of the decoder 28 in FIG. 2) is one cache as described above. In this one cache, Though there are 32 sectors as an area, what is shown is the structure of that sector.

FIG. 8 generally shows the format of the sector for data employed in this embodiment (including the sector in the data U-TOC).

One sector is 4 x 587 bytes as a whole, and the first 12 bytes of the sector are synchronous patterns, for example, a sync pattern of a CD-ROM is employed.

Followed by 16 bytes as a header. As a header, a cluster address is first recorded in two bytes (Cluster H, Cluster L), and then a sector address is recorded in one byte. Mode information specified by the CD-ROM is recorded as mode information in the succeeding 1 byte.

In the following 4 bytes, an address area (Logical Sector 0 to Logical Sector 3) for the application side is provided.

Next, information indicating an error correction mode, category information indicating an attribute of the data file, and index information indicating a parameter of the data file are provided. A specific example of the index information is determined by the category information and the application (to be described later), but when the index information is " 0Oh ", it indicates that the data recording content (i.e., volume) is 0. The information (Mode) indicating the error correction mode and the category information (Category) indicating the attribute of the data file will be described later.

The system ID is added to the last 4 bytes of the header.

A 2048-byte data area is prepared following the 16-byte header.

276 bytes after the data area become additional areas (AuxO to Aux 275).

As described above, there is information (Mode) indicating the error correction mode in the ninth byte in the header, and three types of error correction modes, for example, mode O, mode 1 and mode 2, are considered. Information for determining this mode is displayed as information (Mode). The formats of sectors for data in each mode will be sequentially described.

The format of the sector for data in mode 0 is shown in FIG. As the information indicating the error correction mode, the ninth byte (the (Mode) of the first byte of the fifth line in the figure) is "00000000" or "0Oh" as shown in the figure.

In this mode 0, in particular, no area for adding error detection and correction data is provided. That is, the additional areas (Aux0 to Aux275) after 4x519 bytes are undefined.

In the case where the format of the sector for data is configured in this manner, the decoder 28 shown in FIG. 2 in the recording and reproducing apparatus only performs error detection and correction processing by the CIRC code with respect to the reproduction information from this disk. As is well known, the CIRC code has a sufficient error correction capability in practical use, and does not cause any problems particularly with respect to error processing.

The format of the sector for data in mode 1 is shown in FIG. As the information indicating the error correction mode, the ninth byte (Mode) of the header is "00000001" or "01h" as shown in the figure.

In this mode 1, four bytes of error detection parity are added as error detection and correction data. That is, parity (ECD0 to ECD3) is added to 4 bytes following the data area of 2048 bytes. As a result, an undefined additional area is 272 bytes of (AuxO to Aux 271).

The generator polynomial for this parity P _(X) (i.e., ECDO to ECD3)

It is ^{_{P (X) = (X 16}} + X 15 + X 2 + 1) (X 16 + X 2 + X + 1).

In the case where the format of the sector for data is configured as described above, the reproduction information from the disc is not used by the decoder 28 in the recording / reproducing apparatus, without using the error detection result from the decoder 28 shown in FIG. 2 The error detection can be performed only by the output of the digital signal from the digital-to-analog converter.

The format of the sector for data in mode 2 is shown in FIG. The information (Mode) of the ninth byte of the header indicating the error correction board is " 00000010 " or " 02h "

In this mode 2, error detection and correction data are used for all the additional areas. Parity (P-parity 0 to P-parity 171) is added to 172 bytes following the 2048-byte data area, and Q parity (Q-parity 0 to Q-parity 103) do. As a result, an error correcting capability of about 80 bytes is realized.

This is the P parity and Q parity, such as the Reed-Solomon code in the distance (26,24) between a so-called open-circuit control field has been adopted in the CD-ROM (Garoa Field) ( 2 8) configuration.

In these modes 0 to 2, the byte position of the data area in the sector is fixed to 2048 bytes (the 7th line to the 518th line in the figure) of the 29th byte to the 2076th byte as a sector, regardless of the mode Even in the case of a recording / reproducing apparatus conforming to the format of mode 0, the reproducing operation can be performed on the disc employing the mode 1 or the mode 2 without any trouble. That is, by adopting the above-mentioned mode format, the disc has backward compatibility with the recording / reproducing apparatus.

The definition of category information installed in the tenth byte of the next header will be described.

... Category information (Category) = "OOh".

This indicates that this sector is an open sector in which no data is recorded, regardless of the state of the data area. Therefore, when the contents of a sector are erased, this category can be rewritten as 0 Oh.

... Category information (Category) = "Olh".

Indicates that binary data is recorded in this sector. There is no restriction on the kind of data. In such a sector, the bytes recorded in the data area are directly used as digital data and transferred to the application (software) side. When the category information is " O1h ", the succeeding index information indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the value x 128 bytes recorded in the (Index) byte. Since the data area is 2048 bytes, the index information (Index) takes a certain value in "OOh" to "1Oh".

... Category information (Category) = "10h" ~ "1Fh".

Indicates that document (document) data is recorded in this sector. In this case also, the continuous index information indicates that a data area equal to the size of the value x 128 bytes recorded in the byte (Index) is secured.

... Category information (Category) = 2Oh to 2Fh.

Indicates one dot image of this sector, that is, it is recorded as black and white dot data of one image file. In this case also, the continuous index information indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the value x 128 bytes recorded in the byte (Index).

... Category information (Category) = "30h" to "3Fh".

Indicates that a plurality of dot images, that is, a plurality of image files, are recorded as black and white dot data in this sector. Also in this case, the succeeding index information indicates that a data area equal to the size of the value x 128 bytes recorded in the byte as Index (Index) is secured.

... Category information (Category) = "EOh" - "E2h".

This sector indicates that it is used as an allocation table. In the case of this embodiment, the sector corresponds to a caster location table (CAT) described later. And a specific data format as a caster location table (CAT) (that is, a format in which a use format of a data area of 2048 bytes is determined) will be described later.

In this case, (Index) = "OOh" indicates no use and (Index) ≠ "0Oh" indicates use.

... Category information (Category) = "F0h", "F1h".

This sector indicates that it is being used as a directory. In the present embodiment, a concrete data format (i.e., a format in which the use format of the data area of 2048 bytes is determined) as a sector used as a directory will be described later.

In this case, the succeeding index information indicates the number of directories in which the numerical value indicated by (Index) is recorded. As will be described later, since the directory can be constituted by 64 units in the sector, the index information (Index) represents any numerical value from 0 to 64. [

... Category information (Category) = "FEh", "FFh".

This sector indicates a sector (hereinafter referred to as a heading sector) in which reference information (reference file) by a document or a dot image obtained by extracting a part of the data file, for example, is recorded. In the present embodiment, a specific data format as a sector used as a heading sector (i.e., a format in which a use format of a data area of 2048 bytes is determined) will be described later.

In this case, the succeeding index information indicates the number of reference files (heading parts) in which the numerical value indicated as (Index) is recorded. As will be described later, the heading part has 32 units in the case of a document in one sector (32 units can be recorded in the data area of 2048 bytes if one unit is 64 bytes) and 4 units (1 unit in the case of a dot image) (4 units can be recorded in the same data area if 512 bytes are used), the index information (Index) indicates any of 0 to 32 or 0 to 4.

(6: data file management method by data U-TOC)

Hereinafter, the management method of the data file when performing recording / reproduction with respect to the disc of the format will be described. Here, the format of the management information is displayed as follows.

- a - Caster configuration of data U-TOC

- b - CAT (Caster Location Table) sector

- c - Directory sector

- d - Heading sector

- a - Caster configuration of data U-TOC

When the disc 1 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 reads the P-TOC and holds it in the buffer RAM 33 as described above.

Then, the recording position of the U-TOC is confirmed with reference to the start address UST _A of the U-TOC in the information of the P-TOC. As described above, since the data U-TOC is recorded at the position where the caster address is offset from the start address UST _A of the U-TOC by "1Oh" or "-1Oh" (see FIG. 6) , And accesses the position to take the data U-TOC. If there is no data U-TOC at that position, the disk is judged to be a virgin disk that has not been subjected to data recording, and data U-TOC is initialized.

When the data U-TOC is taken (or the initial management information is generated and taken), the management and data retrieval of the area for recording / reproducing actual data is performed using the management information.

Here, in the case where the disc 1 is dedicated to data recording, it is not necessary that U-TOC (i.e. management information of audio data) actually exists. Thus, the address to be recorded in the U-TOC is managed as the start address UST _A of the U-TOC which is the information of the P-TOC, and the position of the data U-TOC is calculated from the start address UST _A of the U- The data U-TOC can be generated at a predetermined position regardless of the presence or absence of the U-TOC, and the data U-TOC can be read and used as the management information.

A description will now be given of a data U-TOC cache configured to execute data recording / reproduction management.

The data U-TOC has a size of 1 craster, and is recorded in triplicate across the 3 clusters in the recording / playback management area at the position where "1Oh" or "-1Oh" is offset from the U-TOC start address UST _A will be.

In the data U-TOC, a cluster location table (hereinafter referred to as " cluster location table ") indicating information on the combined state of a cluster (a cluster from "O00Oh" to "0BFFh" CAT), a data file name, and the like can be displayed, and an address position at the head of the data file (in the case of a directory in which a lower layer directory exists and in which a lower layer directory exists, the address position of the lower layer directory) A directory and a sector having a heading part as reference information.

Fig. 12 shows the structure of 32 sectors (1-caster) of data U-TOC.

First, the first three sectors (sector 00 to sector 02) are CAT (CAT0 to CAT2).

The succeeding sector 03 is allocated for the root directory, and in the following 28 sectors from sector 04 to sector 1F, " Reserved " is prepared to be used as an extension of the directory or a heading sector described later.

- b - CAT (Caster Location Table) sector

The format of CAT0 assigned to sector 00 is shown in FIG. In the case of the sector used as the CAT, as the system ID (IDO to ID3 in FIG. 8) allocated to the last 4 bytes in the header of 16 bytes, as shown in FIG. 13, As shown in FIG. This " MINX " indicates that the sector is being used for data U-TOC that is not for audio. Therefore, at the time of initializing the data U-TOC, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records this " MINX " as the system ID in each sector of the data U-TOC when rewriting. This distinguishes it from "MINX" which is the identification ID of the P-TOC.

When reading the data U-TOC, it is determined whether or not the sector is a sector as data U-TOC by referring to the system ID "MINX". If it is confirmed that the sector is a data U-TOC, As management information.

Since the format of FIG. 13 represents CAT (CAT0), the category information of the first 0-byte in the header is " 111OOOOO ", that is, " EOh ", indicating that the sector is CAT (CATO).

Data as a CAT unit is recorded in the data area of 2048 bytes.

In the recordable area of the CAT, it is necessary to display the data of the combined state with respect to the full-size raster (the "0000h" to "0BFFh" in FIG. 6), but first, in CAT0, , And 1024 CAT units are recorded.

The CAT unit is assigned two bytes for one craster, for example, the zero-crasters are represented by (CATOOO-H) and (CATOOO-L). In the same way, for example, the information on the fourth caster is expressed by (CAT004-H) and (CAT004-L).

The configuration of each CAT unit is shown in FIG.

The 2-byte CAT unit is a 4-bit word, W0 to W3.

The word W0 indicates the classification of the caster, and the words W1 to W3 indicate the case where the data file is to be accessed when the data file is connected to a non-continuous caster, It is used only when displaying the length of an empty craster, or in combination with the leading caster of the data file.

The definition of word W0 is shown in FIG.

When the word W0 = " Fh ", it indicates that the caster is a recordable blank caster. In this case, the lengths of consecutive empty clusters in words W1 to W3 are displayed.

The word WO = " Eh " indicates that the craster is a caster at the end of certain file data.

The word WO = " Dh " indicates that the craster is a cascade continuing to the next caster in some file data.

The word W0 = " Ch " indicates that the craster is the leading caster in some file data.

The word W0 = " Bh " indicates that the cluster indicated by the words W1 to W3 is connected from the craster to jump.

Quot; 6h " indicates the end of the data file, " 5h " indicates the end of the data file, and " 5h &Quot; 4h " indicates a leading caster of the data file, and " 3h " indicates a cir- cle to be jumped to a cascade of addresses indicated by words W1 to W3.

When the word W0 = " 0h ", it indicates that the craster is a recording and reproduction prohibited crestor.

When the words W1, W2 and W3 are " 000h ", it indicates that the data file is continuous to the next cluster, and the word W1 , W2, and W3 are "FFFh", the data file indicates that the data file is ended by only one craster that is the leading craster. If the words W1, W2, and W3 are not "000h" or "FFFh" And is continuous from the leading craster to the craters represented by the words W1, W2, and W3.

In this way, when a single data file is formed by, for example, four clusters, since the CAT unit is constituted, the CAT unit includes "WO, W1, W2 , W3 "become" CO0Oh "," D *** h "," D *** h ", and" E *** h "(*, that is, W1, W2 and W3 are not defined). For example, if the zeroth to third craters are configured in the data file in this way, "CO00h" and "D (CATO00-H)" are added to the CAT unit from the CAT unit (CAT003-H, CATO03- *** h, " D *** h ", and " E ** h ".

It is considered that the CAT is configured in the above-described management form, and since the disc 1 is formed with the spiral recording track, the data file is likely to be continuously recorded in a continuous caster. Therefore, in many cases, the CAT type does not require calculation for the words W1 to W3, and it is possible to grasp the connection state of the clavate very efficiently.

The format for CAT1 recorded in the sector 01 of the data U-TOC is shown in Fig. 14, and the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header is "MINX" Respectively. The category information of the first 0-th byte in the header is " 111OOOOl ", that is, " Elh ", indicating that the sector is CAT (CAT1).

Data of 1024 CAT units such as CAT0 is recorded in 2048 bytes which is a data area. Here, information is assigned to the crests 1024 to 2047. The structures of the CAT units from the CAT units (CAT1024-H, CAT1024-L) to (CAT2014-H, CAT2047-L) are the same as those of FIGS.

The format for the CAT2 recorded in the sector O2 of the data U-TOC is shown in Fig. 15, and "MINX" is assigned to this sector by the ASCII code as the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the header of 16 bytes . The category information in the tenth byte in the header is " 11100010 ", that is, " E2h ", indicating that the sector is CAT (CAT2).

Data of 2024 bytes serving as a data area is recorded as 1024 CAT units in the same manner as CAT0 and CAT1. Here, information on the cresters from 2048 to 3071 is allocated. The structure of the CAT unit from the CAT unit (CAT2048-H, CAT2048-L) to (CAT3071-H, CAT3071-L) is the same as that of FIG.

The combined state of the full-crackers in the recordable area by the sectors of CAT0, CAT1, and CAT2 is managed.

- c - Directory sector

The format of a sector (or a sector formed as a directory in sectors O4 to IF) formed as a root directory in sector O3 of the data U-TOC is shown in FIG.

In the case of a sector used as a directory, as in the case of CAT, " MINX " is assigned to the last 4 bytes of the 16-byte header (IDO-ID3 in FIG. 8) Lt; / RTI > This " MINX " indicates that the sector is used as the data U-TOC. Therefore, when the data U-TOC is initialized or rewritten, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records this " MINX " as a system ID in a sector as a directory.

Then, in the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, even if it is a directory sector as in the case of the CAT, the system ID referred to as " MINX " is referred to judge whether or not the sector is a sector as data U- When it is confirmed that the sector is the TOC, the information of the sector is used as the management information.

Since the format of FIG. 18 represents a directory, the tenth byte category information in the header is " 1111000 * ", that is, " F0h " or " Flh "

Data as a directory unit is recorded in 2048 bytes which is a data area.

A directory unit (i.e., one directory) is provided corresponding to a certain data file and is composed of 32 bytes.

In FIG. 18, only one directory unit of 32 bytes is displayed, but a directory unit of 64 units including 32 bytes can be recorded in a data area of 2048 bytes.

In the directory unit, the name of the data file is recorded in the first 8 bytes (Name 0 to Name 7). Then, in the succeeding three bytes (Suffix 0 to Suffix 2), extensions are allocated to be recorded.

For example, when searching for a data file recorded in a writable user area, the name and extension of this directory unit are used. Category information (Category) is placed in one byte following the extension. This category information indicates the attribute of the corresponding data file of this directory unit, and is the same as the category information described in the format of the data sector described above.

The following 2-byte volume information (Volume 1-0, Volume 1-1) indicates the number of caches used by the data file displayed by this directory. That is, it indicates whether reproduction of the data file and access to the craster are necessary.

The following 2-byte volume information (Volume 2-0, Volume 2-1) indicates the memory capacity of the host device necessary for receiving and using the data file indicated by this directory.

If the volume information (Volume 1 - 0, Volume 1 - 1) or (Volume 2 - 0, Volume 2 - 1) is not defined (that is, delegated to the application side) .

The following 2-byte index information (Index 0, Index 1) is index information (Index O) used when there is a heading sector as reference information of the data file in the same caster as the directory sector, Number is recorded, and the part number (described later) of the heading sector in the sector is recorded as the index information (Index 1).

When the heading sector does not exist, the index information (Index O) becomes "OOh".

In the 5 consecutive bytes across one byte, the date information in which the data file corresponding to the directory is last updated is recorded. That is, the information of year, month, day, hour, and minute is recorded in bytes as (Year), (Month), (Day), (Hour), and (Minutes).

The address of the corresponding data file is then recorded. That is, the 2-byte of (C1uster-H) (C1uster-L) displays the clave address, and the sector address is displayed by 1 byte of (Sector).

With the above configuration, the directory unit is formed and functions as search information for each data file.

Here, when category information (Category) of the 12th byte in this directory unit is "F0h" or "Flh" indicating a directory, the sector displayed by the directory unit is a directory in the lower layer . That is, it is used when hierarchizing directories. In this case, hybridization with other directories is prohibited.

In order to hierarchize the structure of the file, a directory unit in which the category information (Category) of the 12th byte of the directory unit indicates a directory is provided in the root directory of the sector 03 of the data U-TOC, A directory unit of a lower layer is formed at the indicated address position. Of course, the same is true for creating a lower-level directory.

In this case, in the present embodiment, it is possible to install a lower directory unit in the sectors O4 to IF shown in FIG.

When a directory is hierarchized, an operation of accessing the directory several times along the chain and finally arriving at the data file is required at the time of retrieving the data of the conventional information device. In this embodiment, however, Data is concentrated within the U-TOC, i. As described above, since the minimum unit of the recording / reproducing operation is a caster, there is no need to perform an access operation between the directories as long as all the directory units chained by the hierarchical structure exist in one cache, It is only necessary to access the data file. Therefore, remarkable efficiency and speed of the search operation can be realized.

Assuming that all the sectors of the data U-TOC are used, up to 28 directory sectors can be constructed, and since 64 units of directory units can be formed in each sector, a maximum of 1729 units A directory unit can be formed, so that a considerably large-scale layering can be realized and coped with. If a directory is needed again, a new lower-level folder for the directory is installed in an arbitrary place in the recordable user area for recording the data (a place where continuous recording can be performed on only three clusters) A directory may be formed.

Figure 19 shows a conceptual diagram of the directory hierarchy. Each block in Fig. 19 represents a directory unit. A block denoted by the name " DIR * " is a hierarchical directory unit. A unit denoted by the name " File * " Unit is displayed.

In the directory units of layered " DIR * ", a sector address indicating a lower directory unit is recorded (solid arrow). On the other hand, in the directory unit of "File *" which displays the actual data file in the lowest layer, a caster address of the data file is recorded (dotted arrow).

These directory units are recorded in sectors 03 to 08 in the data U-TOC as indicated by the left-hand side of the figure.

Quot; DIR1 ", " DIR3 ", " DIR4 ", " DIR3 ", " The cache file of the data file is retrieved by the directory unit " File E " through the bus of the chained directory unit such as " FileE ", and access of the data file in the cache 500 will be performed, However, since the sectors 03 to 07 exist in the same cache, data can be retrieved / executed only by one access to the 500 cache in practice.

-d- Heading sector

Next, the heading sector will be described.

As described above, the sectors in the data TOC that can be formed as directory sectors can also be used as a heading sector.

The format when a sector is used as a heading sector is shown in Figs. 20 to 21. Fig. 20 is a heading sector in which reference information is formed by a character, and 21 is a heading sector in which reference information is formed by dot data.

First, description will be made on the case where the reference information according to the character in FIG. 20 is provided as a heading sector.

When a sector in the data U-TOC is used as a heading sector, as in the case of the CAT directory, the system ID (8th and IDO to ID3) allocated to the last 4 bytes in the 16- &Quot; MINX " is recorded by the ASCII code. This " MINX " indicates that the sector is used as the data U-TOC. Therefore, when a heading sector is formed in the data U-TOC, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records this " MINX " as a system ID in the heading sector.

In the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, referring to the system ID "MINX" as to the heading sector as in the case of CAT and directory, it is determined whether or not the sector is a sector as data U-TOC, and data U When it is confirmed that the sector is the TOC, the information of the sector is used as the management information.

In order to indicate that this sector is a heading sector (heading sector of character data), category information of the first 0-th byte in the header is "11111111", that is, "FFh".

Data as a heading part serving as reference information corresponding to a predetermined data file is recorded in 2048 bytes serving as a data area.

The heading part (i.e., one piece of reference information) corresponds to a certain data file, for example, in which a text string of the data file is extracted and is composed of 64 bytes. Of course, the heading part is not limited to the text, but may be formed by a character part specified by a user or a character part designated by an application on the application side.

In Fig. 20, only one heading part recorded as (Hd-DataO) to (Hd-Data 63) is displayed. Within the data area of 2048 bytes, a heading part of 32 units of 64 bytes can be recorded. The heading in which the heading part of one unit and the unit is recorded is indicated by (Index) in the header. Each heading part is chained to a specific directory unit (i.e., a specific data file) by recording the sector number and the part number in the index information (lndexO, Index1) in a certain directory unit as described above.

Next, a case where reference information based on the dot data of FIG. 21 is provided as a heading sector will be described.

When a sector in the data U-TOC is used as a heading sector in which reference information based on dot data is recorded as in the case of a character, the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the header of 16 bytes is CAT, Quot; MINX " is recorded by the ASCII code.

Since this indicates that this sector is a heading sector (heading sector of dot data), the category information of the first 0-th byte in the header is " 1111111O ", that is, " FEh ".

In 2048 bytes which is a data area, data as a heading part which is the entry information corresponding to a predetermined data file is recorded.

In this case, the heading part is composed of, for example, extracting a part of the data file corresponding to a certain data file, or forming 512 bytes of related picture patterns (so-called icon). Of course, in this case as well, various data points are considered when extracting dot data from a data file.

In FIG. 21, only one heading part recorded in (Hd-DataO) to (Hd-Data 511) is displayed, but in the data area of 2048 bytes, a heading part of 4 units consisting of 512 bytes is recorded . The number of heading parts in one sector is indicated by the Index in the header. As described above, each of the heading parts is associated with a specific directory unit (i.e., a specific data file) in which the sector number and the part number in the index information (Index O, Index 1) are recorded in any directory unit Become a chain.

The reference information as a heading part of these data is a parameter other than a file name when the data file is searched. For example, it makes it easy for the user to search the file or realize the diversity of the program search.

For example, if the data file is character information, it can be used as a keyword search. In particular, when a data file having a specific keyword is searched for in a plurality of data files indicated in a plurality of directories, the file name alone is often insufficient, but in this case, by referring to the information of the heading parts chained in each directory unit, Keyword search is possible. Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the heading sector is provided in the same cache as the directory, even when a keyword search is performed, an extra access operation becomes unnecessary, and a quick keyword smear is achieved.

Furthermore, the assistant of the user can preserve the text information of the file, the icon, and the figure in the file as a heading part, thereby helping the user to identify the contents of each file.

As described above, the data management function for recording / reproducing general data is realized by the data U-TOC constituted by the CAT sector, the directory sector and the heading sector.

That is, it is realized as a recording medium for an information device capable of inputting / outputting (and recording / reproducing) a document data file or a file name thereof, and communicating the same. As recording media for information devices capable of inputting / outputting (and recording / reproducing) and communicating data files in the same way for image information (dot data) digitized by, for example, an image scanner or the like and arranged in a predetermined rule Respectively.

Of course, these data management is done completely independently of the audio data management.

(7: recording / reproducing operation by data U-TOC management)

In the data U-TOC, the CAT, the directory, and the heading sector are configured as described above. The operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 at the time of recording / reproduction using such data U-TOC as management information is shown in a flow chart of FIG. This flowchart corresponds to the control processing operation of the system controller 21 in the recording and reproducing apparatus 10. [ The CAT directory heading part in the U-TOC is structured as described above.

When the disc 1 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 first accesses the P-TOC, reads the P-TOC data, and holds it in the beaker RAM 33 (F1O1) . However, if no P-TOC is found in the P-TOC access, it is determined that the disc is not an appropriate disc, and error processing is performed (F102? F103).

When the P-TOC data is read, the recording position of the U-TOC is confirmed by referring to the U-TOC start address USTA in the P-TOC information. Then, in the U-TOC start address UST _A , it is judged whether or not the crest address portion is an address smaller than the class address "20h" (F104). If UST _A ≤ "20h", there is room in the recording and playback management area at the address position behind the recording position of the U-TOC to record the data U-TOC of three consecutive cascades, and UST _A + since the position of the 1Oh "is set to the start address of the data U-TOC (or after being set), and identify the UST _a +" 1Oh "as the start address Ad (DU) of the data U-TOC (F105).

And, UST _A> is "20h", and the following in greater raster address portion in the U-TOC start address USTA determine whether or not the small address is greater than the raster address 30h (F104 → F106).

When the U-TOC start address USTA is an address larger than the caster address " 30h ", the U-TOC judges that the U-TOC is not a proper disc to be recorded at the proper position and performs error processing (F106? F103).

If UST _A < 30h " in step F106, there is a margin to record the data U-TOC of three consecutive cascades in the recording / playback management area at the address position ahead of the recording position of the U-TOC. _a - since the set to the start address of the "1Oh" position, the data U-TOC (or after it is set on), UST _a - determine the "1Oh" to the start address Ad (DU) of the data U-TOC (F107 ).

As described above, when the address of the data U-TOC is grasped, it is waited that data recording or reproduction is instructed (F108).

When reproduction is instructed, the process proceeds to step F109, and the data U-TOC at the address Ad (DU) is accessed first. Here, if no data U-TOC is found, an error process (file unprocessing) is performed (F110? F112), assuming that the data file has not been previously recorded and data U-TOC is not generated.

If the data U-TOC exists in the address Ad (DU), the data U-TOC is read in and the data file is searched by the above-mentioned directory or heading data (F111).

If a necessary data file is found, the data file is accessed by the address of the data file (F113? F114), and the data is read and loaded into the buffer RAM 33 (F115). Of course, in this reproducing operation, after confirming the address of the leading caster of the data file to be reproduced from the directory, the caster is accessed by referring to the continuous state of the caster by the CAT, and the data file is reproduced.

If a necessary data file is not found by searching by the directory, an error process is performed with no file (F113? F112). ·

If there is no instruction to record in step F108, the process advances to step F116 to access the data U-TOC in the address Ad (DU). Here, it is considered that the data U-TOC is not found, that is, the virgin disk in which the data file is not previously recorded and the data U-TOC is not generated.

On the other hand, in the case where the data U-TOC is not found in the address Ad (DU), in order to judge whether the size of the data file which is the record data is the recordable size, (F118). If the space area is sufficiently present, the data file is recorded in the space area on the disk (F119), and the data U-TOC is updated in accordance with the recording operation (F120).

If the disk is a virgin disk and no data U-TOC exists, the disk capacity is calculated from the P-TOC (F121). Thus, this is regarded as a space area, and the size of the data file is compared with the size of the data file in step F118. If the space area is sufficient, the data file is written in the space area on the disk (F119). In this case, data U-TOC is newly created (initialized and updated) Position, and the processing is terminated (F120).

If it is determined in step F118 that the size of the data file is larger than the spatial area, error processing is performed as an overvoltage (F122).

In step F108, if the erasure is instructed, the process advances to step F123 to access the data U-TOC in the address Ad (DU). Here, if the data U-TOC is not found, that is, if the data file has been recorded in advance, an error process (processing with no file to be erased) is performed that data U-TOC is not created (F124? F125) .

If the data U-TOC exists in the address Ad (DU), the data U-TOC is read in and the data file specified to be erased is retrieved by the above-mentioned directory (F126). When a data file designated by the erasure is found, the data file is accessed by the address of the data file (F127? F128), and category information (10th byte of the header in FIG. 8) OOh " (F129). Thus, the data U-TOC is updated in accordance with this erase operation (F130).

If a necessary data file is not found by searching by the directory, an error process is performed with no corresponding file (F127? F125).

Although the embodiments have been described above, the recording apparatus or reproducing apparatus of the present invention which can be used for data recording and reproducing purposes includes the input / output means (data display means, data communication means, Image scanner means, key input means) and means for data font conversion need not always be provided, but only a part thereof may be provided depending on the use. Other data input / output means may be added.

[Effects of the Invention]

As described above, according to the recording medium of the present invention, for example, by providing the management information for data as the third management information in addition to the first and second management information provided for audio data, There is an effect that management can be performed.

If the position of the third management information is set to the forward address position or the rearward address position separated by a predetermined address distance from the position of the second management information derived from the first management information, Management is advantageous in that it is realized without requiring a format change of the first and second management information or the like.

Furthermore, by providing an allocation table and a directory for the record data file as the third management information, the third management information can be suitably used for data retrieval purposes.

Here, by concentrating allocation tables and directories as the third management information and recording them in, for example, a single caster serving as a recording and reproducing operation unit, all of the allocation tables and directories It is not necessary to access the directory or address table a number of times at the time of data retrieval or reproduction, and it is possible to achieve remarkable speeding up of data access.

Reference information (a heading part) is recorded in a sector in the same cache as the sector in which the directory is recorded, so that reference information for searching (for example, text information and icons in the data file) , Of course, as a guide for search operations. In addition, various search methods such as keyword search can be performed.

With respect to a sector in which data or management information is recorded, category information indicating that the sector is a blank sector and a sector in which a reference number is recorded is provided, thereby facilitating the recording / reproducing operation.

In the recording apparatus of the present invention, when recording a data file on a recording medium, at the time of recording or rewriting the management information for managing the data file, management information for data file management It is possible to accurately detect that the management information is the management information for the data file.

As the reproducing apparatus, it is possible to correctly access the data file by using the management information after performing discrimination as the management information for data file management with reference to the identification code and performing data access.

In recording management information for data as a recording apparatus, as long as a blank sector exists in a certain recording / reproducing operation unit (cluster) allocated for management information, The recording medium of the centralized management method in which the number of times of access at the time of retrieval is effectively reduced is realized.

As the reference information to be recorded on the recording medium, a data portion is extracted and generated in a specific number or a specified number of recorded data files, thereby reducing the user's labor and obtaining effective reference information.

With respect to a sector in which a data or an application table or directory or reference information is recorded, category information of the sector is rewritten with a code indicating that there is a vacant sector, thereby facilitating the erasing of the sector of data or the sector of management information .

As described above, the present invention has the effect of realizing the provision of a recording medium, a recording apparatus, and a playback apparatus suitable for expanding the recording and reproducing system for music use for data recording and reproduction.

Claims (14)

(2 times correction) management information for managing recording / reproduction of data in an area used for recording / reproducing data, comprising: first management information as reproduction-only information provided in a predetermined reproduction-only management area on a recording medium; , Second management information as rewritable information arranged at a position appearing in the first management information in a predetermined recording and reproduction management area on the recording medium and second management information as rewritable information in a predetermined recording and reproduction management area on the recording medium And third management information as rewritable information arranged at a position separated by a predetermined address distance from an information area. (Second correction). When the second management information is located at a forward address position with respect to a predetermined address position in the recording / reproduction management area on the recording medium, the third management information is recorded / When the second management information is located at a position behind the predetermined address position in the recording and reproduction management area on the recording medium, , And the third management information is located at a predetermined address distance from the second management information in the recording / reproduction management area at a forward address position. (Second correction). The recording medium according to claim 1, wherein the third management information is provided with an allocation table and a directory for managing recording / reproduction of data on the recording medium. (2 times correction). 3. The information recording medium according to claim 1, wherein as the third management information, an allocation table and a directory for managing recording / reproduction of data on the recording medium are provided, and in the allocation table Reproducing operation unit is set to prohibit data recording, and the recording / reproducing operation unit is a data recording / reproducing unit for recording / reproducing data for each part serving as one recording / reproducing operation unit on a recording medium prepared for data recording / Quot ;, and " prohibited ". A management area in which management information for managing the recording / reproduction of data (twice corrected) is blocked in units of sectors and a predetermined number of sectors are recorded as one recording / playback operation unit; And a recordable area in which recording / reproduction is performed in units of one recording / reproducing operation, the recording medium comprising: a predetermined number of sectors including a sector in which a directory for managing data recorded in the recordable area is recorded Wherein the sector included in one recording and reproducing operation unit is recorded with reference information indicating a combined state with respect to a unit for all recording and reproducing operations of the recordable area. The method according to claim 5, wherein the sector included in one recording and reproducing operation unit including the predetermined number of sectors including the sector in which the directory is recorded includes a sector for managing the layered child directory again . (2 times correction). In the fifth aspect, a sector included in one recording / reproducing operation unit consisting of the predetermined number of sectors including the sector in which the directory is recorded is again managed by a sector directed to the sector managing the directory And a sector. (2 times correction). In the sector according to claim 5, in which the reference information indicating the combined state of the recordable area is recorded, a header having at least address information and category information is recorded, Information indicates whether the data file represents address information to be accessed in the case where the data file is continuous to one recording and reproducing operation unit other than one continuous recording and reproducing operation unit or whether it indicates the length of one continuous recording and reproducing operation unit , And information indicating whether or not the information is combined. (2 times correction) A recording apparatus for use together with a recording medium for recording first management information on information of a first type and second management information on information of a second type, Wherein one of the first and second types of information is user data, the apparatus further comprising: first management information within the first, second and third areas, Second management information, the first and second types of information, respectively, on the medium, wherein the management information for the user data and the user data is recorded in respective sectors on the recording medium , Said sectors each including category information; and means for generating said first management information when said first type of information is recorded by said recording means and generating said second type of information When the recording by the recording means as a control means for generating the second management information, by setting its category information to a predetermined value comprises the control means, operative to erase each of the sectors, and the recording apparatus. The method of claim 9, wherein the user data is recorded in files having at least one sector, and wherein the control means controls the sectors in which the management information for the file is recorded to the predetermined value, And erase one of the files by setting category information for the sectors in which the file is to be recorded. A management area in which management information for managing the recording / reproduction of data (twice corrected) is blocked in units of sectors and a predetermined number of sectors are recorded as one recording / playback operation unit; And a recordable area in which recording / reproduction is performed in units of one recording / reproducing operation, wherein the recording / reproducing unit includes a predetermined number of sectors including a sector in which a directory for managing data recorded in the recordable area is recorded, A recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium on which reference information indicating a combined state of the recordable area with respect to a unit for all recording and reproducing operations is recorded in a sector included in a unit, On the basis of the sector number of the recording / reproducing operation unit, The recording apparatus characterized in that it continues to operate. Wherein the sector in which the reference information indicating the combined state for the entire recording and reproducing operation unit of the recordable area is recorded includes a header having at least address information and category information recorded therein, Information indicates whether the data file indicates address information to be accessed when the data file is continuous to one recording / playback operation unit other than the continuous one recording / reproducing unit, or indicates the length of one continuous recording / playback unit , And information indicating whether or not the information is combined. 12. The recording apparatus according to claim 11, wherein the sector of the data or the sector of the management information is erased by rewriting the category information as a blank sector. The recording medium of claim 9, wherein the management information for the user data includes allocation information for identifying use of recordable portions of the recording medium, and the control means further comprises: And update the allocation information when erasing the management information for the user data.