JP3712003B2 - Recording method, reproducing method, recording apparatus, reproducing apparatus - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a recording method, a reproducing method, a recording apparatus, and a reproducing apparatus corresponding to a recording medium (disc) for recording data.

  A recording device capable of recording / reproducing music, a reproducing device, and a magneto-optical disk as a recording medium have been put into practical use. Particularly, in recent years, a user not only reproduces music but also records sound such as music. What can be done (so-called minidiscs) is also known.

  When this mini-disc system is used, so-called music is recorded / reproduced, but it is also conceivable that data other than music information can be recorded / reproduced in this mini-disc system.

  In the present specification, a digitalized version of a so-called audio signal such as music or voice recorded on a magneto-optical disk is referred to as “audio data”, and one unit is referred to as “music”. In addition to audio data, data used for information equipment such as computers, such as characters and graphics, recorded on the magneto-optical disk is simply referred to as “data” or “general data” and is distinguished from audio data. . One data recording / playback unit is defined as a “data file”.

  However, it is not very appropriate to use a mini-disc system, which is originally configured for music, for data and to be able to search and update information. In particular, in the case of music management information for music use, unlike data file management information for data use, name data and attribute data for searching are not important (at least correspond to the song number). It is sufficient that the address is managed), data for transmitting search data to external devices is unnecessary, and there are many audio data with a small data volume (for example, very short music) Therefore, it is not necessary to deal with the case where there are a large number of small data files such as general data. For example, the management information for audio data described later can handle only up to 255 songs. It is not.

In these various respects, the music management information for music use is generated so as to be suitable for music use, and cannot be said to be suitable for data. That is, for example, there is a problem that it is not appropriate to extend the mini disk system for recording / reproducing general data using the management system as it is.
Although the mini-disc system is taken as an example, the same can be said of course for other types of recording / reproducing systems for music.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems , and provides a recording method, a reproducing method, a recording apparatus, and a reproducing apparatus suitable for extending a recording / reproducing system for music use for data recording / reproducing. With the goal.

A data recording area in which data can be recorded according to the present invention, a first management area in which management information for managing recording in the data recording area can be rewritten, and a first part for managing a part of the first management area As a recording method for recording data on a recording medium having a second management area in which two management information is recorded, a first recording area recorded in the first management area managed in the second management area is used. When data that is not managed by one management information is recorded in the data recording area of the recording medium, a predetermined area within the first management information but outside the first management information recording area. In addition, the third management information for data that is not managed by the first management information and the identification code indicating the third management information are recorded.
The identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX.

A data recording area in which data is recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing reproduction of the data recording area is recorded, and second management information for managing a part of the first management area As a reproducing method for reproducing data from a recording medium having a second management area in which is recorded, the first management information recorded in the first management area managed in the second management information is used. When data in a second data format different from the first data format to be managed is reproduced, a predetermined area outside the recording area of the first management information in the first management area is predetermined. When it is determined that there is the third management information having the identification code, the data in the second data format is reproduced from the data recording area based on the third management information.
The identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX.

A data recording area in which data can be recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing the recording of the data recording area can be rewritten, and a second management for managing a part of the first management area As a recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium having a second management area in which information is recorded, a recording means for recording data and management information on the recording medium and a second management area are used. In the case where data that is not managed by the first management information recorded in the first management area is recorded in the data recording area of the recording medium, the data is in the first management area and the first The third management information for data not managed by the first management information and the identification code indicating the third management information are recorded in a predetermined area outside the recording area of the one management information. As above recording means And control means for controlling.

A data recording area in which data is recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing reproduction of the data recording area is recorded, and second management information for managing a part of the first management area As a reproducing apparatus for reproducing data from a recording medium having a second management area in which data is recorded, it is managed by reproducing means for reproducing data and management information from the recording medium, and the second management information When reproducing data in a second data format different from the first data format managed in the first management information recorded in the first management area, the above-mentioned one of the first management areas When it is determined that there is third management information having a predetermined identification code in a predetermined area outside the recording area of the first management information, the second information is recorded from the data recording area based on the third management information. Re-format data And a control means for controlling the reproducing means so is carried out.

  As a recording apparatus of the present invention, when a data file is recorded on a recording medium, when the management information for managing the data file is recorded or rewritten, the data file is managed in a predetermined area in the management information. If the identification code indicating the management information is recorded, it can be accurately detected that the management information is management information for the data file.

  The playback apparatus can access the data file accurately by determining the management information for managing the data file by referring to the identification code and then performing the data access using the management information.

  In addition, by recording reference information (heading parts) in a sector in the same cluster as the sector that recorded the directory, reference information for search (eg, data file heading information and icons) can be accessed without special access. It can be called, and of course is also useful as a guide for search operations. Further, various search methods such as keyword search are possible.

  In addition, for sectors where data and management information are recorded, category information indicating that the sectors are vacant sectors and sectors where reference information is recorded is added, which facilitates recording / reproducing operations. I can be taken.

  Further, when recording management information for data as a recording device, the allocation table and directory are recorded as long as there is an empty sector in a certain recording / playback operation unit (cluster) allocated for management information. If recording is performed in a concentrated manner in sectors within the reproduction operation unit, a centralized management recording medium in which the number of accesses during retrieval is effectively reduced can be realized.

  In addition, as reference information to be recorded on the recording medium, by extracting and generating a data portion at a specific location or a designated location in the recorded data file, there is no need for the user and effective reference information can be obtained. There is.

  In addition, for a sector in which data or an allocation table or directory or reference information is recorded, it is easy to erase the sector of data or the sector of management information by rewriting the category information of the sector to a code indicating that it is an empty sector. Can be quick.

As described above, the present invention has an effect that it is possible to provide a recording apparatus and a reproducing apparatus that are suitable for expanding a recording / reproducing system for music use for data recording / reproducing.

Hereinafter, a disc format and recording / reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in the following order.
1) Appearance and configuration of disc and recording / reproducing apparatus 2) P-TOC format on disc 3) U-TOC format on disc 4) Area structure on disc 5) Format of data sector 6) Data file management by data U-TOC 7) Recording / playback operation by data U-TOC management

<1. Appearance and configuration of disc and recording / reproducing apparatus>
FIG. 1 shows the external appearance of a recording / reproducing apparatus and a disc as an embodiment.
As the disk 1, a magneto-optical disk is used. As shown in FIG. 1, the outside is housed in a cartridge K, and the disk recording surface is exposed by sliding the shutter S.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 10 is provided with a disc insertion portion 11 into which a cartridge K containing the disc 1 is loaded. When the cartridge K is inserted into the disc insertion portion 11, the shutter S is slid by an internal mechanism (not shown). Then, the disk surface of the disk 1 is exposed and is ready for recording or reproduction.

  On the top surface of the housing of the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, there are provided a key input unit 12 used for user operation and a display unit 13 for displaying and outputting menu information for data search and searched data. As the key input unit 12, a cursor movement key, an enter key, a data input key, and the like are provided.

An image scanner unit 14 detects image information written on the paper surface, converts it into dot data, and can input it as image data.
Reference numeral 15 denotes an input / output connector section, which is connected to a communication cable C so that data can be transmitted / received to / from other information devices (computer, word processor, etc.).

The structure of the main part of the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 2, the disk 1 (the cartridge K containing the disk 1) is loaded. Reference numeral 21 denotes a system controller for controlling various operations of the recording / reproducing apparatus, which is formed by a microcomputer, for example.
Reference numeral 22 denotes a spindle motor, and the loaded disk 1 is rotationally driven by the spindle motor 22. An optical head 23 irradiates the disk 1 with laser light during recording / reproduction. The optical head 23 outputs a high level laser output for heating the recording track to the Curie temperature during recording, and reflects light by the magnetic Kerr effect during reproduction. A relatively low level of laser power for detecting data from.

  For this reason, the optical head 23 is equipped with a laser diode as laser output means, an optical system including a deflection beam splitter, an objective lens, and the like, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens 23a is held by a biaxial mechanism 24 so as to be displaceable in the radial direction of the disk and in the direction of contact with and away from the disk, and the entire optical head 23 is movable in the radial direction of the disk by a sled mechanism 25.

  Reference numeral 26 denotes a magnetic head for applying a magnetic field modulated by the supplied information to the magneto-optical disk, which is disposed at a position facing the optical head 23 with the disk 1 in between.

  Information detected from the disk 21 by the optical head 23 by the reproducing operation is supplied to the RF amplifier 27. The RF amplifier 27 performs a calculation process on the supplied information to reproduce RF signal, tracking error signal, focus error signal, absolute position information (absolute position information recorded as pregroove (wobbling groove) on the disk 1), address information. , Subcode information, focus monitor signal and the like are extracted. The extracted reproduction RF signal is supplied to the decoder unit 28. The tracking error signal and the focus error signal are supplied to the servo circuit 29. Further, the focus monitor signal is supplied to the system controller 21.

  Also, the absolute position information obtained by decoding the pregroove information output from the address decoder 29 or the address information recorded as data is supplied to the system controller 21 via the decoder unit 28, and various control operations are performed. Used for.

  The servo circuit 29 generates various servo drive signals based on the supplied tracking error signal, focus error signal, track jump command, seek command, rotational speed detection information from the system controller 21, etc., and the biaxial mechanism 24 and the thread mechanism 25. To control the focus and tracking, and the spindle motor 22 is controlled to a constant angular velocity (CAV) or a constant linear velocity (CLV).

  The reproduced RF signal is subjected to decoding processing such as EFM demodulation, CIRC decoding, and ACIRC decoding by the decoder unit 28, and then subjected to predetermined processing via the system controller 21.

  Information supplied to the system controller 21 as information to be recorded on the disk 1 during the recording operation is encoded by the encoder 30 such as ACIRC encoding, CIRC encoding, and EFM modulation, and then supplied to the magnetic head driving circuit 31. The

  The magnetic head drive circuit 31 supplies a magnetic head drive signal to the magnetic head 26 in accordance with the encoded recording data. That is, an N or S magnetic field is applied to the disk 1 by the magnetic head 26. At this time, the system controller 21 supplies a control signal to the optical head 23 so as to output a recording level laser beam.

  Reference numeral 32 denotes a conversion memory for converting code data into font data, and performs font conversion processing for displaying character data read from the disk 1.

  Reference numeral 33 denotes a buffer RAM, which temporarily stores dot data captured by the image scanner 14, display data to be displayed on the display unit 13, transmission / reception data by the connector unit 15, and outputs data read from the disk 1. Functions as a temporary storage unit.

  When performing recording / reproducing operation on the disk 1, management information recorded on the disk 1, that is, P-TOC, U-TOC, and data U-TOC are read out, and the system controller 21 reads these information. The address to be recorded and the address to be searched for and reproduced are discriminated in accordance with the management information, but this management information is held in the buffer RAM 33. That is, the system controller 21 reads out the management information by executing a reproduction operation in the management information area (for example, the innermost circumference side of the disc) when the disc 1 is loaded, and stores it in the buffer RAM 33. It can be referred to during recording / reproducing operations on the disk 1.

  The U-TOC and the data U-TOC are rewritten in accordance with data recording or erasing. The system controller 21 changes this rewriting to management information stored in the buffer RAM 33 each time recording / erasing is performed. The management information area of the disk 1 is also rewritten at a predetermined timing according to the rewriting operation.

Reference numeral 34 denotes a communication circuit which executes transmission / reception of data with an external device via the connector unit 15.
A display controller 35 is a control circuit for causing the display unit 13 to execute display data from the system controller 21, that is, display of a search menu, display of data read from the disk 1, and the like.
With the above configuration, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 can perform recording and reproducing operations for various data on the disc 1.

<2. P-TOC format on disc>
Next, the P-TOC format in the disk 1 will be described.
In addition, in the case of a disc as a so-called mini disc system for sound recording / reproduction, a pre-mastered type (optical disc) in which music or the like is recorded in advance can be rewritten so that the user can record music data or the like. Discs (magneto-optical discs) and hybrid types with a ROM area where music is recorded in advance and a magneto-optical area where recording is possible are available. These discs already contain data such as music. Are recorded as P-TOC or U-TOC information.

  The disk and recording / reproducing apparatus of the present embodiment are suitable for data recording applications using the format of this mini disk system, and are necessary as management information in P-TOC and U-TOC. The part is diverted as it is. Accordingly, unnecessary information is included when audio data is not recorded, but the following description will be made including management information for the audio data.

  As the P-TOC information, area designation such as a recordable area (recordable user area) of the disc, management of the ROM area, and the like are performed. In addition, in the case of a pre-mastered disc or a hybrid disc as an audio data application, it is possible to manage music recorded in ROM.

The format of P-TOC is shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 shows one sector of P-TOC information repeatedly recorded in an area for P-TOC (for example, ROM area on the innermost side of the disk).

  The data area of the sector of the P-TOC is configured as a data area of, for example, 4 bytes × 587, and a synchronization pattern composed of 1 byte data of all 0 or all 1 at the head position, an address indicating a cluster address and a sector address, and the like. 4 bytes are added, and the header is used to indicate the P-TOC area.

Further, an identification ID by an ASCII code corresponding to the characters “MINI” is added to a predetermined address position following the header.
Next, the disc type and recording level, the first track number (First TNO) recorded, the last track number (Last TNO), the lead-out start address RO _A , and the power cal area start address PC _A , start address UST _a of U-TOC (data area of U-TOC sector 0 of FIG. 4 to be described later), a start address RST _a, etc. recordable area is recorded, further followed by the music or the like recorded Is provided with a correspondence table instruction data portion having table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) corresponding to parts tables in a management table portion described later.

In the area following the correspondence table instruction data portion, 255 part tables from (01h) to (FFh) are provided corresponding to the table pointers (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) in the correspondence table indication data portion. (Hereinafter, the numerical value with “h” is a so-called hexadecimal notation).
Each parts table includes a start address and an end address as a start point for a certain segment (in this case, a segment means a track portion in which data is physically continuously recorded on a track of a disc). And mode information (track mode) of the segment (track) can be recorded.

  The track mode information in each part table includes information indicating whether the segment is set to prohibit overwriting or data copying, whether it is audio information, the type of monaural / stereo, and the like. .

  Each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table part is indicated by the contents of the segment by the table pointer (P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) in the corresponding table instruction data part. That is, for the first music piece, there is a certain part table (for example, (01h) as the table pointer P-TNO1. However, in practice, the table pointer is a certain part table at the byte position in the TOC sector 0 by a predetermined calculation process. In this case, the start address of the parts table (01h) is the start address of the recording position of the first song, and the end address is the same as that of the first song. This is the end address of the position where the song is recorded. Further, the track mode information is information about the first music piece.

Similarly, for the second music, the start address, end address, and track mode information of the recording position of the second music are recorded in the parts table (for example, (02h)) indicated by the table pointer P-TNO2.
Similarly, since table pointers are prepared up to P-TNO255, it is possible to manage up to the 255th song on the TOC.
By forming the TOC sector 0 in this way, for example, at the time of playback, a predetermined music piece can be accessed and played back.

  As will be described later with respect to the present embodiment, in the case of a recording / playback type disc that does not have a pre-mastered music area even if it is used for data recording or for music use, the correspondence table instruction data section described above is used. Since the management table portion is not used, all the bytes are set to “00h”.

<3. U-TOC format on disc>
FIG. 4 shows the format of one sector of the U-TOC, which is mainly a data area in which management information is recorded about a song recorded by the user and an unrecorded area where a new song can be recorded. .
For example, when a disc is used for music and recording a certain piece of music on it, it is possible to search for an unrecorded area on the disc from the user TOC and record audio data here. It is made like that. Further, at the time of reproduction, an area in which music to be reproduced is recorded is determined from the U-TOC information, and the reproduction operation is performed by accessing the area.

  The U-TOC sector shown in FIG. 4 is provided with a header in the same manner as the P-TOC, followed by a manufacturer code, a model code, the first song number (First TNO), Data such as song number (Last TNO), sector usage status, disk serial number, disk ID, etc. are recorded, and the recorded and recorded music areas recorded by the user are managed later. In order to identify the table by making it correspond to the table part, an area for recording various table pointers (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1 to P-TNO255) is prepared as the correspondence table instruction data part. ing.

  Then, 255 parts tables (01h) to (FFh) are provided as management table parts corresponding to the table pointers (P-DFA to P-TNO255) of the correspondence table instruction data part. In the table, as with the TOC sector 0 in FIG. 3, the start address for a certain segment, the end address for the end, and the mode information (track mode) of the segment are recorded. Further, this U-TOC is recorded. In the case of sector 0, the segments indicated in each part table may be connected to other segments in succession, so link information indicating the part table in which the start address and end address of the connected segment are recorded. It can be recorded.

  In the case of a mini-disc system for music use, for example, even if data of one musical piece is physically discontinuous, that is, recorded over a plurality of segments, playback is performed while accessing between segments. For this reason, there are cases where music recorded by the user is recorded in a plurality of segments for the purpose of efficient use of the recordable area. For this reason, link information is provided, for example, the numbers (01h) to (FFh) given to each part table (actually indicated by a numerical value that is a byte position in the U-TOC sector 0 by a predetermined arithmetic process) By specifying the parts table to be linked, the parts table can be linked. (Note that the music recorded in advance is not normally divided into segments, so the link information in the TOC sector 0 is all “(00h)” as shown in FIG. 3).

  That is, in the management table section in the U-TOC sector 0, one part table represents one segment. For example, for a music composed of three segments connected, three parts connected by link information. The segment position is managed by the table.

  Each part table from (01h) to (FFh) in the management table part of U-TOC sector 0 is the table pointer (P-DFA, P-EMPTY, P-FRA, P-TNO1-P in the corresponding table instruction data part) -TNO255) shows the contents of the segment as follows:

  The table pointer P-DFA indicates a defective area on the magneto-optical disk 1 and is the head of one part table or a plurality of part tables indicating a track portion (= segment) that becomes a defective area due to a scratch or the like. The parts table is specified. In other words, if a defective segment exists, one of (01h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-DFA, and the defective segment is indicated by the start and end addresses in the corresponding parts table. . When there are other defective segments, other part tables are designated as link information in the parts table, and the defective segments are also indicated in the parts table. If there is no other defective segment, the link information is, for example, “(00h)”, and there is no link thereafter.

  The table pointer P-EMPTY indicates the first part table of one or more unused part tables in the management table section. If there is an unused part table, the table pointer P-EMPTY is (01h ) ~ (FFh) is recorded. When there are multiple unused part tables, the part tables are specified sequentially by link information from the part table specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY, and all unused part tables are linked on the management table section. Is done.

  For example, if the audio data such as music is not recorded at all and there is no defect, the parts table is not used at all, so the parts table (01h) is specified by the table pointer P-EMPTY, for example, In addition, the parts table (02h) is specified as the link information of the parts table (01h), the parts table (03h) is specified as the link information of the parts table (02h), and so on up to the parts table (FFh). . In this case, the link information of the parts table (FFh) is “(00h)” indicating no connection thereafter.

  The table pointer P-FRA indicates an unrecorded area (including an erase area) in which data can be written on the magneto-optical disk 1, and one or a plurality of track portions (= segments) to be an unrecorded area are indicated. The first part table in the part table is specified. In other words, if there is an unrecorded area, one of (01h) to (FFh) is recorded in the table pointer P-FRA, and the segment that is the unrecorded area has the start and end addresses in the corresponding parts table. Indicated by. Further, when there are a plurality of such segments, that is, there are a plurality of parts tables, the link information sequentially designates the parts tables whose link information is “(00h)”.

  FIG. 5 schematically shows a management state of a segment that is an unrecorded area using a parts table. This is because when the segment (03h) (18h) (1Fh) (2Bh) (E3h) is an unrecorded area, this state follows the corresponding table instruction data P-FRA and the parts table (03h) (18h) (1Fh ) (2Bh) (E3h) represents the state represented by the link. The above-described defect area and unused part table management form are also the same.

  Table pointers P-TNO1 to P-TNO255 indicate the music recorded by the user on the magneto-optical disk 1. For example, the table pointer P-TNO1 includes one or more segments in which data of the first music is recorded. The parts table that shows the first segment in time is specified.

  For example, if the first song is recorded on the disc without the track being divided (that is, in one segment), the recording area of the first song is the start in the parts table indicated by the table pointer P-TNO1. And the end address.

  Also, for example, when the second music piece is recorded discretely on a plurality of segments on the disc, each segment is designated according to the temporal order to indicate the recording position of the music piece. In other words, from the part table specified in the table pointer P-TNO2, other part tables are further specified in accordance with the time order in accordance with the link information, and the part table in which the link information becomes “(00h)” is linked. (The same form as in FIG. 5 above). In this way, for example, all segments in which data constituting the second music is recorded are sequentially designated and recorded, so that the data of this U-TOC sector 0 is used to reproduce the second music or the second music. When overwriting the area, it is possible to access the optical head 3 and the magnetic head 6 to extract continuous music information from discrete segments, or to record using the recording area efficiently.

  As will be described later in this embodiment, when used for data recording, the above correspondence table instruction data section and management table section are not used in this U-TOC, so all are set to “00h”. Yes.

<4. Area structure on disc>
Here, the area structure in the disc 1 will be described, and the positional relationship and management mode of the above-described P-TOC and U-TOC will be described.

In the case of a magneto-optical disk, it is roughly divided as shown in FIG. 6 as a pit area, an area where data is recorded by embossed pits (pre-mastered area), and a groove area where a groove is provided as a so-called magneto-optical area. It is divided into.
Here, the pre-mastered area is a reproduction-only management area in which the above-described P-TOC is recorded, and the P-TOC sector is repeatedly recorded.

Note that the minimum recording / reproducing operation unit for the recording track in the disk 1 is a cluster, that is, the recording operation or the reproducing operation is always executed with one cluster as the minimum unit.
One cluster is composed of 36 sectors as shown in FIG. However, four sectors are sub-data areas used as sub-data and linking areas, etc., and recording of TOC data, audio data, or general data other than audio realized in this embodiment is main data of 32 sectors. Done in the area.

As shown in FIG. 6, a groove area is formed from, for example, cluster addresses “0000h” to “0BFFh” following the pre-mastered area on the innermost circumference side of the disk 1. The area up to the address indicated as the lead-out start address RO _A in the P-TOC is a recordable area that can be recorded.

Furthermore Of the recordable area, the recordable user area which the data is actually recorded, the position indicated as recordable user area start address RST _A within the P-TOC from (e.g. cluster address "0032h"), lead Up to the out start address RO _A.

In this case, the cluster address “0000h” to the recordable user area start address RST _A (cluster address “0032h”) is the recording / playback management area, and the above-described U-TOC and the like are recorded.
One cluster from the position indicated as the power cal area start address PC _A in the recording / reproduction management area is provided as a laser power calibration area.

The U-TOC is recorded continuously at a required position in the recording / reproduction management area of the cluster addresses “0000h” to “0032h”, and the cluster address to which the U-TOC is recorded is P- It is shown in the U-TOC start address UST _A in the TOC.

  As described above, the area management on the disc is performed by the P-TOC, and when audio data is recorded in the recordable user area, the recordable user area is managed by the U-TOC in the above-described form.

Further, in this embodiment, in order to record / reproduce data other than audio data in the recordable user area, data U-TOC, which will be described later, is provided as information for managing this data. This data U-TOC is a cluster address. in the recording reproduction management area "0000h" - "0032h" is intended to be recorded 3 clusters continuously in the required position, the first position is as shown, the U-TOC start address UST _a of P-TOC It is set as a cluster address offset by, for example, “10h” from the head position of the indicated U-TOC. Or, when the U-TOC start position is a rear address position from “0020h” and 3 clusters are recorded from the position offset by “10h”, it will protrude beyond “0032h” (that is, the recordable user area). Is recorded from the cluster address position offset by, for example, “−10h” from the head position of the U-TOC. In any case, the data U-TOC is also recorded in the recording / playback management area, and this data U-TOC manages the data recording / playback for the groove area.

Then, the start address of the data U-TOC of a recording reproduction management area is the P-TOC is not shown directly, from the start position address of the U-TOC shown in U-TOC start address UST _A of P-TOC " 10h ”or“ −10h ”is obtained by adding the cluster address.

Of course, the area used for actual data during data recording / reproduction is a recordable user area.
The data area and data U-TOC format for data recording / reproduction, which is a feature of this embodiment, will be described below.

<5. Data sector format>
The structure of the data sector provided in the recordable area for use in actual data recording / reproduction will be described with reference to FIGS.
The minimum recording / reproducing operation unit (that is, the input unit of the encoder 30 or the output unit of the decoder 28 in FIG. 2) is one cluster as described above, and this one cluster has 32 sectors as a main data area. However, what is shown is the sector structure.

FIG. 8 generally shows the format of the data sector employed in this embodiment (including the sector in the data U-TOC).
One sector is 4 × 587 bytes as a whole, and the first 12 bytes of the sector is a synchronization pattern. For example, a CD-ROM synchronization pattern is adopted.

The subsequent 16 bytes are provided as a header. As a header, a cluster address is first recorded in 2 bytes (Cluster H, Cluster L), and then a sector address is recorded in 1 byte (sector). Further, mode information defined by the CD-ROM is recorded as mode information in the subsequent 1 byte.
Further, the subsequent 4 bytes are provided with an address area (Logical Sector 0 to Logical Sector 3) for the application side.

Subsequently, information indicating an error correction mode (Mode), category information (Category) indicating data file attributes, and index information (Index) indicating data file parameters are provided. A specific example of the index information is determined by the category information and application (described later), but when the index information is “00h”, it indicates that the data recording content (that is, the volume) is zero. . The information (Mode) indicating the error correction mode and the category information (Category) indicating the attribute of the data file will be described later.
A system ID is added to the last 4 bytes of the header.

Following such a 16-byte header, a 2048-byte data area is prepared.
The 276 bytes after the data area are an additional area (Aux 0 to Aux 275).

  As described above, information (Mode) indicating the error correction mode is present in the ninth byte in the header, and three types of error correction modes, for example, mode 0, mode 1, and mode 2, are conceivable. Information for mode discrimination is shown as information (Mode). The format of the data sector in each mode will be described in order.

  The format of the data sector in mode 0 is shown in FIG. As information indicating the error correction mode, the ninth byte of the header ((Mode) of the first byte in the fifth row in the figure) is set to “00000000”, that is, “00h” as shown. In this mode 0, an area for adding error detection and correction data is not provided. That is, the additional areas (Aux 0 to Aux 275) after the 4 × 519th byte remain undefined.

  When the data sector format is configured as described above, with respect to the reproduction information from this disk, the decoder 28 shown in FIG. 2 in the recording / reproducing apparatus only performs error detection and correction processing using the CIRC code. As is well known, the CIRC code has a practically sufficient error correction capability, and does not cause a problem particularly in error processing.

The format of the mode 1 data sector is shown in FIG. As the information indicating the error correction mode, (Mode) of the ninth byte of the header is “00000001”, that is, “01h” as shown in the figure.
In this mode 1, 4 bytes of error detection parity are added as error detection and correction data. That is, parity (ECD0 to ECD3) is added to 4 bytes following the 2048-byte data area. As a result, the undefined additional area becomes 272 bytes of (Aux 0 to Aux 271).
The generator polynomial for this parity P _(X) (that is, ECD0 to ECD3) is P _(X) = (x ¹⁶ + x ¹⁵ + x ² +1) (x ¹⁶ + x ² + x + 1)
It is.

  When the format of the data sector is configured as described above, with respect to the reproduction information from this disk, the recording / reproducing apparatus does not use the error detection result from the decoder 28 shown in FIG. Error detection can be performed only by output.

The format of the data sector in mode 2 is shown in FIG. The information (Mode) of the ninth byte of the header indicating the error correction mode is “00000010”, that is, “02h” as shown in the figure.
In mode 2, data for error detection and correction is used for all of the additional areas. That is, P parity (P-parity0 to P-parity171) is added to 172 bytes following the 2048-byte data area, and Q parity (Q-parity0 to Q-parity103) is added to the subsequent 104 bytes. As a result, an error correction capability of up to about 80 bytes is realized.
The P parity and Q parity have the same configuration as the Reed-Solomon code at a distance (26, 24) from the Garoa Field (2 ⁸ ) used in a so-called CD-ROM.

  In these modes 0 to 2, regardless of the mode, the data area has 2048 bytes from the 29th byte to the 2076th byte (the 7th line to the 518th line in the figure). Therefore, even a recording / reproducing apparatus corresponding to the format of mode 0 can perform the reproducing operation without any trouble on the disc adopting mode 1 or mode 2. That is, by adopting the above mode format, the disc has backward compatibility with the recording / reproducing apparatus.

Next, the definition of category information provided in the 10th byte of the header will be described.
... Category information (Category) = “00h”.
Regardless of the state of the data area, this sector is an open sector in which no data is recorded. Accordingly, when it is desired to erase the contents of the sector, this category information (Category) may be rewritten to “00h”.

... Category information (Category) = "01h".
Indicates that binary data is recorded in this sector. There are no restrictions on the type of data. Such a sector is used in such a way that the bytes recorded in the data area are directly passed to the application (software) side as digital data. When the category information is “01h”, the subsequent index information indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the numerical value recorded in the byte as (Index) × 128 bytes. Become. Since the data area is 2048 bytes, the index information (Index) takes any value from “00h” to “10h”.

... Category information = "10h" to "1Fh".
Indicates that document (document) data is recorded in this sector.
In this case as well, the subsequent index information similarly indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the numerical value recorded in the byte as (Index) × 128 bytes.

・ ・ ・ Category information (Category) = “20h” to “2Fh”.
This indicates that a single dot image, that is, one image file is recorded as black and white dot data in this sector. In this case as well, the subsequent index information similarly indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the numerical value recorded in the byte (Index) × 128 bytes.

・ ・ ・ Category information (Category) = “30h” to “3Fh”.
This indicates that multiple dot images, that is, a plurality of image files are recorded as black and white dot data in this sector. In this case as well, the subsequent index information similarly indicates that the data area is secured by the size of the numerical value recorded in the byte (Index) × 128 bytes.

... Category information = "E0h" to "E2h".
Indicates that this sector is used as an allocation table. In this embodiment, the sector corresponds to a cluster allocation table (CAT) described later. A specific data format as the cluster allocation table (CAT) (that is, a format that defines a usage form of a 2048-byte data area) will be described later.
In this case, the following index information indicates that (Index) = “00h” is not used, and when (Index) ≠ “00h”, it is used.

・ ・ ・ Category information = “F0h”, “F1h”.
Indicates that this sector is used as a directory. A specific data format as a sector used as a directory in this embodiment (that is, a format that defines a usage form of a 2048-byte data area) will be described later.

  In this case, the subsequent index information indicates the number of directories in which the numerical value indicated as (Index) is recorded. As will be described later, since the directory can be composed of 64 units in the sector, the index information (Index) indicates a numerical value from 0 to 64.

... Category information (Category) = "FEh", "FFh".
This sector indicates a sector (hereinafter referred to as a heading sector) in which reference information (reference file) based on a document or dot image in which a part of the data file is extracted is recorded. A specific data format as a sector used as a heading sector in this embodiment (that is, a format that defines a usage form of a 2048-byte data area) will be described later.

  In this case, the subsequent index information indicates the number of reference files (heading parts) in which the numerical value indicated as (Index) is recorded. As will be described later, the heading part is 32 units in the case of a document in one sector (32 units can be recorded in a data area of 2048 bytes if one unit is 64 bytes), and 4 units (one unit 512 bytes in the case of a dot image). Then, since 4 units can be recorded in the data area), the index information (Index) indicates a numerical value of 0 to 32 or 0 to 4.

<6. Data file management method using data U-TOC>
A data file management method when recording / reproducing data on the above-described disc will be described below. Here, the format of management information is shown as follows.
-A- Cluster configuration of data U-TOC -b- CAT (cluster allocation table) sector -c- Directory sector -d- Heading sector

-A- Cluster Configuration of Data U-TOC When the disc 1 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 first reads the P-TOC and holds it in the buffer RAM 33 as described above.
Then, among the information of the P-TOC, with reference to the start address UST _A of U-TOC, to confirm the recording position of the U-TOC. Since data U-TOC as described above is what is recorded at a position where the cluster address is "10h" or "-10h" offset from the start address UST _A of U-TOC (see FIG. 6) Then, the data U-TOC is captured by accessing the position. If no data U-TOC exists at that position, the disc is determined to be a virgin disc on which no data is recorded, and the data U-TOC is initialized.
When the data U-TOC is taken in (or when initial management information is generated and taken in), the management information is used to manage the area where the actual data is to be recorded / reproduced and to retrieve the data. Will be.

By the way, when the disc 1 is dedicated to data recording, U-TOC (that is, audio data management information) may not actually exist. And the recorded address to be of U-TOC are managed as start address UST _A of U-TOC is information for P-TOC, the position of the data U-TOC is calculated from the start address UST _A of U-TOC Therefore, the data U-TOC can be generated at a predetermined position regardless of the presence or absence of the U-TOC, and the data U-TOC can be read and used as management information.

A cluster of data U-TOC configured to be able to execute management of data recording / reproduction will be described.
Data U-TOC has a size of one cluster, in which the triple written over three clusters on the U-TOC start address UST _A position is "10h" or "-10h" Offset from above in the recording reproduction management area is there.

  In the data U-TOC, a cluster allocation table (hereinafter referred to as CAT) indicating information on the coupling state of clusters (clusters from “0000h” to “0BFFh” in FIG. 6) for a recordable area in which data is recorded / reproduced. A directory that can store the data file name and the like, and can also indicate the start address position of the data file (in the case of a directory that indicates a lower-level directory, the address position of the lower-level directory) , And a sector having a heading part as reference information.

FIG. 12 shows the configuration of 32 sectors (one cluster) of data U-TOC.
First, the first three sectors (sector 00 to sector 02) are designated as CAT (CAT0 to CAT2).
Subsequent sector 03 is allocated for the root directory, and “Reserved” in 28 sectors from sector 04 to sector 1F is prepared so that it can be used for directory expansion or a heading sector described later.

-B- CAT (Cluster Allocation Table) Sector The format of CAT0 allocated to sector 00 is shown in FIG. In the case of a sector used as a CAT, as the system ID (ID0 to ID3 in FIG. 8) assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header, the characters “MINX” are ASCII codes as shown in FIG. Is recorded. This “MINX” indicates that the sector is used as data U-TOC which is not for audio. Accordingly, when initializing or rewriting the data U-TOC, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records “MINX” as a system ID in each sector of the data U-TOC. This distinguishes it from “MINI”, which is the identification ID of the P-TOC.

  When the data U-TOC is read, the system ID “MINX” is referred to determine whether the sector is a sector as the data U-TOC. If it is confirmed, the sector information is used as management information.

  Further, since the format of FIG. 13 indicates CAT (CAT0), the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “11100000”, that is, “E0h”, indicating that the sector is CAT (CAT0). It will be.

  Data as a CAT unit is recorded in 2048 bytes serving as a data area. As the CAT, it is necessary to indicate the data of the coupling state for all the clusters in the recordable area (clusters from “0000h” to “0BFFh” in FIG. 6). First, in CAT0, the 0th to 1023th clusters Is assigned and 1024 CAT units are recorded.

  Of the clusters in the recordable user area, clusters that cannot be handled by 1024 CAT units of CAT 0 are managed by CAT 1 and CAT 2 described later. Thus, all clusters from “0000h” to “0BFFh” can be covered by CAT of three sectors.

  As the CAT unit, 2 bytes are assigned to one cluster. For example, the 0th cluster is expressed by (CAT000-H) and (CAT000-L). Similarly, for example, information about the fourth cluster is shown in (CAT004-H) and (CAT004-L).

The configuration of each CAT unit is shown in FIG. The 2-byte CAT unit is a 4-bit word W0-W3.
The word W0 indicates the classification of the cluster, and the words W1 to W3 indicate the cluster number to be accessed when the data file continues to a cluster other than the continuous cluster, or the continuous free cluster. Is used only when indicating the combined information in the case of the first cluster of the data file.

The definition in word W0 is shown in FIG.
The word W0 = “Fh” indicates that the cluster is a recordable free cluster. In this case, the lengths of consecutive free clusters in the words W1 to W3 are indicated.
The word W0 = “Eh” indicates that the cluster is a cluster that is the end of file data.
The word W0 = “Dh” indicates that the cluster is a cluster continuous with the next cluster in a certain file data.
The word W0 = “Ch” indicates that the cluster is the first cluster because the file data is there.
The word W0 = “Bh” indicates that a jump should be made from the cluster following the clusters indicated by the words W1 to W3.

  The word W0 = “6h” to “1h” indicates that the cluster is a recording-prohibited cluster, “6h” is a cluster at the end of the data file, and “5h” is continuous with the next cluster. “4h” indicates a cluster at the head of the data file, and “3h” indicates that the cluster should jump to the cluster at the address indicated by the words W1 to W3.

  When the word W0 = “0h”, it indicates that the cluster is a cluster in which recording and reproduction are prohibited.

  When the word W0 = “Ch” or “4h” is used as the first cluster of the data file, if the words W1, W2, and W3 are “000h”, the data file must be continuous with the next cluster. If the words W1, W2, and W3 are “FFFh”, it indicates that the data file ends with only one cluster that is the first cluster, and the words W1, W2, and W3 are “000h” or If it is not “FFFh”, it means that the data file is continuous from the head cluster to the clusters indicated by the words W1, W2 and W3.

  By configuring the CAT units in this way, for example, when one data file is formed of 4 clusters as CAT, in each CAT unit corresponding to the 4 clusters, “W0, W1, W2, W3 ] Becomes “C000h”, “D *** h”, “D *** h”, and “E *** h” (*, that is, W1, W2, and W3 are not defined). For example, if the 0th to 3rd clusters are composed of data files in this way, from the CAT unit of (CAT000-H, CAT000-L) to the CAT unit of (CAT003-H, CAT003-L) “C000h” “D *** h”, “D *** h”, and “E *** h” are recorded.

  The CAT is configured in the above management form. However, since the recording track is formed in a spiral on the disc 1, it is considered that data files are often recorded in continuous clusters. Accordingly, in many cases, the CAT form does not require computation for the words W1 to W3, and the cluster connection state can be grasped very efficiently.

  The format of CAT1 recorded in the sector 01 of the data U-TOC is shown in FIG. 14. In this sector, “MINX” is an ASCII code as the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header. Is recorded. Further, the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “11100001”, that is, “E1h”, which indicates that the sector is CAT (CAT1).

  As in CAT0, 1024 bytes of data as CAT units are recorded in the 2048 bytes serving as the data area. Here, information about the 1024th to 2047th clusters is assigned. The structure of the CAT units from CAT units (CAT1024-H, CAT1024-L) to (CAT2014-H, CAT2047-L) is as shown in FIGS.

  The format for CAT2 recorded in the sector 02 of the data U-TOC is shown in FIG. 15. In this sector, “MINX” is ASCII code as the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header. Is recorded. Further, the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “11100010”, that is, “E2h”, which indicates that the sector is CAT (CAT2).

  Similar to CAT0 and CAT1, data as 1024 CAT units is recorded in 2048 bytes serving as a data area. Here, information about the 2048th to 3071st clusters is assigned. The structure of CAT units from CAT units (CAT2048-H, CAT2048-L) to (CAT3071-H, CAT3071-L) is as shown in FIGS.

  The combined state of all clusters in the recordable area is managed by the sectors of CAT0, CAT1, and CAT2.

-C- Directory Sector A format of a sector formed as a root directory in the sector 03 of the data U-TOC (or a sector formed as a directory in the sectors 04 to 1F) is shown in FIG.

  In the case of a sector used as a directory, the system ID (ID0 to ID3 in FIG. 8) assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header is “MINX” as shown in FIG. 18 as in the case of CAT. Is recorded by ASCII code. This “MINX” indicates that the sector is used as data U-TOC. Accordingly, when the data U-TOC is initialized or rewritten, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records this “MINX” as a system ID in a sector as a directory.

  Then, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 determines whether or not the sector is a sector as the data U-TOC by referring to the system ID “MINX” for the directory sector as in the case of the CAT. If it is confirmed that the sector is a U-TOC, the information of the sector is used as management information.

  Further, since the format of FIG. 18 indicates a directory, the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “1111000 *”, that is, “F0h” or “F1h”, indicating that this sector is a directory. become.

Data as a directory unit is recorded in 2048 bytes serving as a data area.
A directory unit (that is, one directory) is provided corresponding to a certain data file, and is composed of 32 bytes.
Although only one directory unit consisting of 32 bytes is shown in FIG. 18, 64 directory units consisting of 32 bytes can be recorded in the 2048-byte data area.

In the directory unit, the name of the data file is recorded in the first 8 bytes (Name0 to Name7). Further, the subsequent 3 bytes (Suffix0 to Suffix2) are assigned such that an extension is recorded.
For example, when searching for a data file recorded in the recordable user area, the name and extension of the directory unit are used.

  Category information (Category) is arranged in 1 byte following the extension. This category information (Category) indicates the attribute of the data file corresponding to this directory unit, and is the same as the category information described in the data sector format described above.

  The subsequent 2-byte volume information (Volume1-0, Volume1-1) represents the number of clusters used by the data file indicated by this directory. That is, it indicates how many clusters need to be accessed for data file playback.

The subsequent 2-byte volume information (Volume2-0, Volume2-1) represents the memory capacity on the host device side necessary for receiving and using the data file indicated by this directory.
If this volume information (Volume1-0, Volume1-1) or (Volume2-0, Volume2-1) is not defined (that is, left to the application side), it becomes “00h”.

The subsequent 2-byte index information (Index0, Index1) is used when a heading sector as reference information of the data file exists in the same cluster as the directory sector, and the heading is used as index information (Index0). The sector number of the sector is recorded, and the part number (described later) in the sector of the heading sector is recorded as index information (Index1).
When there is no heading sector, index information (Index0) = “00h”.

  Further, in 5 bytes following 1 byte, the date and time information when the data file corresponding to the directory was last updated is recorded. That is, the year, month, day, hour, and minute information is recorded in bytes as (Year), (Month), (Day), (Hour), and (Minutes), respectively.

Subsequently, the address of the corresponding data file is recorded. That is, the cluster address is indicated by 2 bytes of (Cluster-H) and (Cluster-L), and the sector address is indicated by 1 byte of (Sector).
A directory unit is formed with the above configuration and functions as search information for each data file.

  Here, when the category information (Category) at the 12th byte in this directory unit is “F0h” or “F1h” indicating a directory, the sector indicated by the directory unit is a directory one level lower. In other words, it is used when hierarchizing directories. In this case, mixing with other directories is prohibited.

  When the file structure is hierarchized, a directory unit in which the category information (Category) of the 12th byte of the directory unit indicates a directory is provided in the root directory in the sector 03 of the data U-TOC. A lower-level directory unit is created at the indicated address position. Of course, the same applies when creating a lower level directory unit.

In this case, in the present embodiment, a lower level directory unit can be provided in sectors 04 to 1F shown in FIG.
When the directory is hierarchized, it is necessary to access the directory many times and follow the chain when searching for data in the conventional information device, and finally to reach the data file. In the example, all the directories are concentrated in the data U-TOC, that is, in one cluster. As described above, since the minimum unit of recording / reproducing operation is a cluster, as long as all directory units chained in a hierarchical structure exist in one cluster, access operation between directories is unnecessary, and the actual operation from the directory is not necessary. Only one access to the data file is required. Therefore, remarkable efficiency and speedup of the search operation can be realized.

  Assuming that all sectors of the data U-TOC cluster are used, a maximum of 28 directory sectors can be configured, and each sector can form 64 directory units. Therefore, a maximum of 1729 units can be formed in one cluster. A directory unit can be formed, and it is possible to cope with a considerably large-scale hierarchy. If more directories are required, a new lower-level directory cluster is provided at any location in the recordable user area where data is recorded (however, 3 clusters can be recorded continuously). What is necessary is just to make it form.

  FIG. 19 shows a conceptual diagram of the directory hierarchical structure. Each block in FIG. 19 indicates a directory unit, a block indicated by a name “DIR *” indicates a hierarchical directory unit, and a unit indicated by a “File *” name indicates a directory unit corresponding to an actual data file. Let's show.

A sector address indicating a lower directory unit is recorded in each of the hierarchized directory units of “DIR *” (solid arrow). On the other hand, the cluster address of the data file is recorded in the directory unit of “File *” which is the lowest layer and indicates the actual data file (dotted arrow).
Assume that these directory units are recorded in sectors 03 to 08 in the data U-TOC as shown on the left side of the figure.

  Now, considering that the data file name is “FileE” and the data file recorded in the cluster 500 is accessed, the directory units “DIR0” to “DIR1” → “DIR3” recorded in the sector 03 as the root directory. → The directory address of “FILE4” is searched by the directory unit “FileE” through the path of the directory unit chained for “DIR4” → “FileE”, and the access of the data file in the cluster 500 is executed. In other words, the sectors 03 to 07 are traced, but since the sectors 03 to 07 exist in the same cluster, the data search / execution is actually performed only by one access to the 500 clusters. Is possible.

-D- Heading Sector Next, the heading sector will be described.
As described above, a sector in the data-TOC that can be formed as a directory sector can also be used as a heading sector.
The format when the sector is used as a heading sector is shown in FIGS. 20 shows a heading sector in which reference information by characters is formed, and FIG. 21 shows a heading sector in which reference information by dot data is formed.

First, the case where the reference information by characters of FIG. 20 is provided as a heading sector will be described.
When a certain sector in the data U-TOC is used as a heading sector, the system ID (ID0 to ID3 in FIG. 8) assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header includes CAT and directory As in the case, “MINX” is recorded by the ASCII code. This “MINX” indicates that the sector is used as data U-TOC. Therefore, when a heading sector is formed in the data U-TOC, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records “MINX” as a system ID in the heading sector.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 10 determines whether the sector is a sector as the data U-TOC by referring to the system ID “MINX” for the heading sector as in the case of the CAT and directory. If it is confirmed that the sector is the data U-TOC, the information of the sector is used as management information.

  Further, in order to indicate that this sector is a heading sector (heading sector of character data), the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “11111111”, that is, “FFh”.

In the 2048 bytes serving as a data area, data as heading parts serving as reference information corresponding to a predetermined data file is recorded.
A heading part (that is, one reference information) is provided corresponding to a data file, for example, by extracting the initial character of the data file, and is composed of 64 bytes. Of course, the heading part is not limited to the initial character, but may be formed of a character portion designated by the user or a character portion designated by a program on the application side.

  In FIG. 20, only one heading part (Hd-Data0) to (Hd-Data63) is shown, but in the data area of 2048 bytes, 32 units of heading parts consisting of 64 bytes can be recorded. How many heading parts are recorded in one sector is indicated by Index in the header. Each heading part is chained to a specific directory unit (that is, a specific data file) by recording the sector number and part number in the index information (Index0, Index1) in a certain directory unit as described above. ing.

Next, a case where reference information based on dot data in FIG. 21 is provided as a heading sector will be described.
As in the case of characters, when a sector in the data U-TOC is used as a heading sector in which reference information by dot data is recorded, the system ID assigned to the last 4 bytes in the 16-byte header is used. As in the case of CAT and directory, “MINX” is recorded by ASCII code.

  In order to indicate that this sector is a heading sector (heading sector of dot data), the category information of the 10th byte in the header is “11111110”, that is, “FEh”.

In the 2048 bytes serving as a data area, data as a heading part serving as reference information corresponding to a predetermined data file is recorded.
In this case, the heading part is generated by extracting a part of the data file corresponding to a certain data file, for example, or arranging related symbols (so-called icons), and is composed of 512 bytes. The Of course, in this case as well, various data portions can be considered when extracting dot data from the data file.

  In FIG. 21, only one heading part recorded as (Hd-Data0) to (Hd-Data511) is shown. However, in the 2048-byte data area, similarly, a 4-unit heading part consisting of 512 bytes is included. Recordable. The number of heading parts in one sector is indicated by the index in the header. Each heading part is chained to a specific directory unit (that is, a specific data file) by recording the sector number and part number in the index information (Index0, Index1) in a certain directory unit as described above. ing.

  The reference information as these heading parts is used for facilitating, for example, a user's file selection operation or a variety of program searches as parameters other than the file name when searching for a data file.

  For example, when the data file is of character information, it can also be used as a keyword search. In particular, when searching for a data file having a specific keyword from data files shown in a plurality of directories, the file name alone is often insufficient. By referring to the information of the chained heading parts, it is possible to sufficiently search for keywords.

Further, in this embodiment, since such a heading sector is provided in the same cluster as the directory, an extra access operation is not required when performing a keyword search, and a quick keyword search is realized.
Further, as user assistance, the file head information, icons, and graphics in the file are held as heading parts to help the user identify the contents of each file.

  As described above, the data U-TOC that includes the CAT sector, the directory sector, and the heading sector realizes a data management function when recording / reproducing general data.

That is, it is realized as a recording medium for an information device capable of inputting / outputting (and recording / reproducing) a document data file and its file name and communicating them. Also, for example, image information (dot data) digitized by an image scanner or the like and arranged in accordance with a predetermined rule is also recorded on an information device that can input / output (and record / reproduce) and communicate data files. It is established as a medium.
Of course, these data managements are performed completely independently of the audio data management.

<7. Recording / Reproducing Operation by Data U-TOC Management>
The CAT, directory, and heading sector in the data U-TOC are configured as described above. The operation of the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 at the time of data recording / reproduction using such data U-TOC as management information is shown in the flowchart of FIG. This flowchart is a control processing operation of the system controller 21 in the recording / reproducing apparatus 10.

  When the disc 1 is inserted into the recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the recording / reproducing apparatus 10 first accesses the P-TOC, reads the P-TOC data, and holds it in the buffer RAM 33 (F101). However, if the P-TOC is not found in the P-TOC access, it is determined that the disk is not proper and error processing is performed (F102 → F103).

After reading the P-TOC data, of which the information P-TOC, with reference to the start address UST _A of U-TOC, to confirm the recording position of the U-TOC (a position to be recorded). Then, the cluster address part in U-TOC start address UST _A, it is determined whether or not the cluster address "20h" is smaller than the address (F 104). If UST _A ≦ "20h", the recording management area behind the address position from the recording position of the U-TOC can afford to record data U-TOC of 3 cluster continuous, this disc UST _A + Since the position of “10h” is set as the start address of the data U-TOC (or set thereafter), UST _A + “10h” is grasped as the start address Ad (DU) of the data U-TOC (F105 ).

In addition, if there at UST _A> "20h", then cluster address part in the U-TOC start address UST _A, it is determined whether or not the cluster address "30h" smaller than the address (F104 → F106).
If U-TOC start address UST _A is a cluster address "30h" larger address, U-TOC is one not be logged in the proper position, it is determined not appropriate disk, performs error processing (F106 (→ F103).

If UST _A ≦ “30h” in step F106, the recording / playback management area has a margin for recording data U-TOC of 3 clusters in the address position ahead of the recording position of the U-TOC. UST _a - position "10h" is (are or hereafter set) data U-TOC is the start address of the setting for, UST _a - grasp "10h" as the start address Ad of the data U-TOC (DU) (F107).

When the address of the data U-TOC is ascertained as described above, it waits for an instruction to record, reproduce or erase the data (F108).
If reproduction is instructed, the process proceeds to step F109, and first, the data U-TOC at the address Ad (DU) is accessed. Here, if the data U-TOC is not found, that is, the data file has not been recorded before and the data U-TOC has not been generated, and error processing (processing as no file) is performed (F110 → F112). )

  If the data U-TOC exists at the address Ad (DU), the data U-TOC is read, and the data file is searched using the above-mentioned directory and heading data (F111). If the required data file is found, the address of the data file is accessed (F113 → F114), the data is read and read into the buffer RAM 33 (F115). Of course, in this reproduction operation, after confirming the address of the first cluster of the data file to be reproduced from the directory, the cluster access is performed by referring to the cluster connection state by CAT, and the data file is reproduced. .

  If the required data file is not found by the directory search, error processing is performed with no file (F113 → F112).

  If a recording instruction is given in step F108, the process proceeds to step F116, and first, the data U-TOC at the address Ad (DU) is accessed. Here, when the data U-TOC is not found, that is, it is considered that the data file has not been recorded before and the data U-TOC is not generated.

  On the other hand, when the data U-TOC is found at the address Ad (DU), it is indicated in the data U-TOC in order to determine whether the size of the data file that is recorded data is a recordable size as it is. Compare with the free space that is available (F118). If there is a sufficient free area, the data file is recorded in the free area on the disc (F119), the data U-TOC is updated according to the recording operation, and the process is completed (F120).

If the data U-TOC does not exist in the virgin disk, the disk capacity is calculated from the P-TOC (F121). Then, it is compared with the size of the data file in step F118 as an empty area. If the free area is sufficient, the data file is recorded in the free area on the disc (F119). In this case, data U-TOC is newly generated according to the recording operation (initialization and Update), writing to the position of the address Ad (DU), and the processing is completed (F120).
If it is determined in step F118 that the size of the data file is larger than the free area, error processing is performed to indicate that recording is impossible due to overvolume (F122).

  If erasure is instructed in step F108, the process proceeds to step F123, and first, the data U-TOC at the address Ad (DU) is accessed. Here, if the data U-TOC is not found, that is, the data file has not been recorded before and the data U-TOC has not been generated, and error processing (processing as no file to be deleted) is performed ( F124 → F125).

If the data U-TOC exists at the address Ad (DU), the data U-TOC is read, and the data file designated to be deleted is searched by the directory described above (F126). If a data file designated to be deleted is found, the directory in the data U-TOC is deleted. Then, the data U-TOC is updated in accordance with this erasing operation (F130).
If a required data file is not found by directory search, error processing is performed assuming that the corresponding file does not exist (F127 → F125).

  Although the embodiment has been described above, the recording apparatus or reproducing apparatus of the present invention that can be used for data recording / reproducing applications includes the input / output means (data display means, data communication means) shown in FIGS. Means, image scanner means, key input means) and data-font conversion means are not necessarily all provided, and may be provided with only a part depending on the application. . Further, other data input / output means may be added.

1 is an external view of a recording medium and a recording / reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the P-TOC information provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of U-TOC information provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the link structure of U-TOC information provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the area management state of the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the track structure of the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the sector for data provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the data sector mode 0 provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the data sector mode 1 provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the data sector mode 2 provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the structure of the cluster of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the CAT0 sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the CAT1 sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the CAT2 sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the CAT unit of data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the definition of the word of the CAT unit in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the directory sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the directory hierarchical structure in data U-TOC of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the heading sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is explanatory drawing of the heading sector of the data U-TOC provided in the recording medium of an Example. It is a flowchart of the operation | movement process with respect to the recording medium of the recording / reproducing apparatus of an Example.

Explanation of symbols

1 disc, 10 recording / playback device, 11 disc insertion section,
12 key input unit, 13 display unit, 14 image scanner unit,
15 I / O connector section, 21 System controller, 23 Optical head,
28 Decoder, 30 Encoder, 32 Conversion memory, 33 Buffer RAM, 34 Communication circuit, 35 Display controller

Claims (6)

A data recording area in which data can be recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing the recording of the data recording area can be rewritten, and a second management for managing a part of the first management area In a recording method for recording data on a recording medium comprising a second management area in which information is recorded,
When data that is not managed by the first management information recorded in the first management area managed in the second management area is recorded in the data recording area of the recording medium, the first The third management information and the third management information for data that is not managed by the first management information are stored in a predetermined area within one management area and outside the recording area of the first management information . A recording method for recording an identification code indicating the above.   The recording method according to claim 1, wherein the identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX. A data recording area in which data is recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing reproduction of the data recording area is recorded, and second management information for managing a part of the first management area In a reproducing method for reproducing data from a recording medium including a second management area in which is recorded,
When reproducing data in a second data format different from the first data format managed in the first management information recorded in the first management area managed in the second management information, When it is determined that there is third management information having a predetermined identification code in a predetermined area outside the recording area of the first management information in the first management area, the third management information is included in the third management information. A reproduction method for reproducing data of the second data format from the data recording area based on the data recording area.   4. The reproduction method according to item 3, wherein the identification code is a code corresponding to a character string called MINX. A data recording area in which data can be recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing the recording of the data recording area can be rewritten, and a second management for managing a part of the first management area In a recording apparatus for recording data on a recording medium including a second management area in which information is recorded,
Recording means for recording data and management information on the recording medium;
In the case where data that is not managed by the first management information recorded in the first management area managed in the second management area is recorded in the data recording area of the recording medium, the first The third management information and the third management information for data that is not managed by the first management information are stored in a predetermined area outside the recording area of the first management information. And a control means for controlling the recording means so that an identification code indicating the above is recorded. A data recording area in which data is recorded, a first management area in which management information for managing reproduction of the data recording area is recorded, and second management information for managing a part of the first management area In a reproducing apparatus for reproducing data from a recording medium including a second management area in which is recorded,
Reproducing means for reproducing data and management information from the recording medium;
When reproducing data in a second data format different from the first data format managed in the first management information recorded in the first management area managed in the second management information, When it is determined that there is third management information having a predetermined identification code in a predetermined area outside the recording area of the first management information in the first management area, the third management information is included in the third management information. And a control means for controlling the reproducing means so that the data of the second data format is reproduced from the data recording area.

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