KR100271535B1 - Colorful permeable concrete having porosities and pavement including the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A porous colored permeable concrete is provided, which has long term permeable stability by continuously maintaining permeable interval at a certain size and shows various and vivid colors. And a paving structure being constructed by using the porous colored permeable concrete is also provided. CONSTITUTION: The porous colored permeable concrete is obtained by roll mixing a cement concrete mixture comprising 1,235-1,615 kilogram per cubic meter of a first big aggregate having a size of 4.76-9.5 millimeters, 285-665 kilogram per cubic meter of a second big aggregate having a size of 2.36-4.75 millimeters, 110-140 kilogram per cubic meter of water, 280-350 kilogram per cubic meter of cement and 10-22 kilogram per cubic meter of pigment or roll mixing the cement concrete mixture then followed by curing. The porous colored permeable concrete paving structure comprises: (i) a base layer which is a supporting layer and paved on the road; (ii) a filter layer which is paved between the road and the base layer; and (iii) obtained porous colored permeable concrete layer.

Description

Colored porous water-permeable concrete and its structure

The present invention relates to a porous colored water-permeable concrete and a pavement structure constructed using the concrete, which can maintain a constant permeability interval and promote long-term permeability stability, and can exhibit various and vivid colors.

As a pavement material used for urban pavement such as sidewalks, bicycle paths, parking lots, plazas, walkways, light vehicle roads, impermeable pavements such as sidewalk blocks, asphalt concrete, and cement concrete have been the mainstream. However, when the packaging material is used, rainwater, which has so far infiltrated into the ground, does not penetrate into the ground, thereby reducing the groundwater, which causes the ground to sink and causes ground deformation. China has caused natural environmental problems, such as destroying the ecosystem of living things. In addition, the rainwater usually flows out to the surface of the packaging material or flows out through drains, and during heavy rains, the outflow amount is rapidly increased, causing rivers and rivers to overflow.

As a method to solve this problem, a permeable paving method using permeable asphalt concrete, ie, asphalt is added to the crushed stone gravel and paved using a mixed asphalt mixture mixed with a mixer or the like. The method of making it known is known, and in this case, by reducing the amount of the asphalt emulsion acting as an adhesive agent, the intervals of the crushed gravel and the like are increased so as to be permeable at this interval.

However, the pavement using the water-permeable asphalt mixture is extremely low in durability and easy to deform and break the road surface due to heavy vehicle traffic. In addition, because the temperature is weak, the fluidity of the asphalt increases as the surface temperature of the summer increases, so that foreign matters are attached to the permeation hole (hereinafter, referred to as the 'pore'), and as a result, the pore becomes smaller as time passes. There was a problem that the performance dropped sharply and lacked long-term permeability. As another problem, since the original color of asphalt is black, it cannot produce a color other than brown, and when colorless asphalt is used to obtain another color, the production cost is absolutely high.

In order to remedy this problem, efforts were made to research and develop permeable modified asphalt concrete. However, as a result of production and construction tests and analysis, asphalt-based concrete has very high stability after immersion, which is a measure of stability. Low values were shown. As a result of the analysis, cement-permeable concrete is known to be more stable than asphalt-based as a permeable paving material, and unlike asphalt, cement does not have much influence on color expression, and thus it is focused on research and development for its practical use.

As such a conventional example, "colored permeable concrete" is disclosed in the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 90-4390, the announcement is water 116kg / m ³ , cement 292kg / m ³ , fine aggregate 87kg / m ³ , coarse aggregate 1690 kg / m ³ , pigment 7.0kg / m ³ , admixture 0.58kg / m ³ , the maximum size of the coarse aggregate is 13mm, the porosity is more than 12% in the state of hardening, the permeability coefficient 10 × 10 ^-2 cm / sec or more and the particle size is one which a colored water-permeable concrete disclosed, characterized in that presented as a design criteria based on the intensity range of ^{100kg / cm 3 ~300kg / cm 3} .

As another conventional example, Korean Patent Publication No. 90-7988 discloses a pitcher packaging material by mixing Portland cement with water in a polymer obtained by mixing potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, calcium carbonate and magnesium chloride with styrene butadiene rubber latex, and the pitcher Permeable packaging method is characterized in that the packaging material is dispersed in a support layer consisting of more than one kind of crushed stone, gravel, sand, etc. In addition, Korean Patent Publication No. 91-6894 discloses ³⁰⁰ ~ 400kg per 1m3 of cement concrete mixture Portland Cement, consisting of 0.005 to 0.1 parts by weight of binder, 0.35 to 0.45 parts by weight of water and the remainder of the aggregate per 1 part by weight of the cement, wherein the aggregate is 50 to 100% by weight percentage of 5 mm sieve, 2.5 Percentage of passage of the mm body is 8-25% for water / cement weight ratio of 0.35 to 0.43, and for water / cement weight ratio of 0.43 to 0.45. Is a method of making a highly permeable cement concrete structure by pouring or pouring and curing a mixture obtained by kneading a cement concrete mixture having a particle size distribution of 0 to 18% and a passage weight percentage of 1.2 mm sieve of 0 to 6%. Is disclosed.

According to the above-described methods, by smoothly permeating the rainwater and the like, it was possible to solve various problems caused by the use of impervious packaging materials in the past, and also to solve the inconvenience of traffic because the water is not accumulated in the sidewalk. there was.

The conventional methods described above commonly use cement, sand (grain aggregate), coarse aggregate, and water as the material of the permeable concrete, and in each case, give a color to the admixture to improve the mixing characteristics between the materials and the concrete surface. Pigments, polymers and binders for increasing the adhesive strength are additionally used. Since the conventional permeable concrete contains fine aggregates such as sand or stone powder, since the fine aggregates fill the voids between the aggregates and aggregates in the roller compaction process after the pavement of concrete roads is completed, good permeability is expected. In addition, since the fine aggregate has a property of absorbing the pigment, a large amount of the pigment is required to increase the cost, and there is a problem that the pigment does not express its own color on the colored surface.

An object of the present invention is to select a coarse aggregate size without using fine aggregates to provide a porous permeable concrete having a long-term permeability stability by continuously maintaining the pores of a suitable size and to provide a paving structure constructed using the concrete It is.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a porous permeable concrete having a sufficient surface flatness and mechanical strength, such as sufficient durability, flexural toughness required for the packaging material and to provide a paving structure constructed using the concrete.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a porous colored water-permeable concrete and a pavement structure constructed using the concrete, which can make a beautiful appearance by displaying various and vivid colors.

1 is a packaging diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

2 to 4 is a packaging diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

According to the present invention, a cement concrete mixture comprising a continuous particle size coarse aggregate of 2.36 to 9.5 mm 1,520 to 2,280 kg / m ³ , water 110 to 140 kg / m ³ , cement 280 to 350 kg / m ³ , and pigment 10 to 22 kg / m ³ The porous colored water-permeable concrete obtained by kneading or kneading and then kneading is provided.

Here, when said per m ^{3 of} cement concrete mixture, is the theoretical density calculated by excluding the voids in the mixture.

Looking at each component in more detail, first, natural aggregates or crushed aggregates can be used as the aggregate, and harmful substances such as clay, organic soil, and salt should not be mixed, and are clean, hard, strong, and durable. Should be The particle size range (passage and percentage) of the aggregate is shown in Table 1 below, and the screening method was a sifting test method according to KS (Korean Standards, Korean Industrial Standard), and the hole size of the sieve. According to the 19.0mm, 12.5mm, 9.5mm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm is used.

In Table 1, the checker ^* indicates the hole size of the sieve. As shown in Table 1, in the present invention, only the coarse aggregate is used without using the fine aggregate, and the coarse aggregate is the first coarse aggregate of 4.75 to 9.5 mm size and the second coarse aggregate of 2.36 to 4.75 mm size. It is preferable that the first coarse aggregate is 1,235 to 1,615 kg / m ³ , and the second coarse aggregate is preferably contained 285 to 665 kg / m ³ . At this time, if the aggregate content of less than 2.36mm is included, the small particle size absorbs the pigment, so that not only the amount of pigment used is increased, but also the vivid color is not obtained, and the residue blocks the voids, thereby reducing the special performance. have. On the other hand, if the size of the aggregate exceeds 9.5mm, the surface layer is rough after packaging, which is not aesthetically good, and the pore size becomes larger than necessary, so that the bonding strength between the aggregates is weakened, thereby increasing the possibility of material separation. And it may lead to a decrease in durability of the concrete. Table 2 below shows the physical properties and harmful content of the aggregate used in the present invention.

For reference, in Table 2, the stability indicates the extent to which the aggregates endure in the chemicals MgSO ₄ , Na ₂ SO ₄ It can be seen that the loss of less than 18%, 12%, respectively.

Next, it is preferable to use drinkable water as water, and the content is about 110-140 kg / m <^3> . The use water should not contain foreign substances affecting the quality of concrete such as oil, acid, salt, organic impurities, turbidity, etc., and therefore, groundwater, river water, industrial water, etc. should be inspected before use.

As the cement, it is preferable that the bending strength is large, the shrinkage is small, and the amount of early heat generation is small. In general, ordinary portland cement suitable for KS L 5201 is used, and the compounding amount is about 280 to 350 kg / m ³ . In addition, crude steel or crude steel portland cement is advantageous when it is necessary to shorten the curing period, when early strength is needed, or in the case of cold-heavy construction in which there is a possibility of freezing concrete. Thermal Portland cement is advantageous for summer packaging, so make sure you choose the right cement for each application.

In addition, pigments that make various colors in the colored water-permeable concrete are colored organic or inorganic compounds that do not dissolve in solvents such as water and oil, and are present in the form of fine powders or fluids, and the compounding amount is 10 to 22 kg / m. ³ or so. The pigment does not have a property of coloring an object, but the color is expressed by being dispersed and fixed in combination with cement. Since organic pigments vary in color but poor in weatherability depending on the type, it is preferable to use inorganic pigments having better weather resistance and less color change than the organic pigments. For example, the organic pigments are phthalocyanine blue, azo. Pigment, toluidine red, and the like, and the inorganic pigments include titanium dioxide, red oxide, iron oxide sulfur, chromium oxide, zinc oxide, ultramarine blue, and prussian blue.

An admixture for improving the mixing properties between the materials may be further added to the cement concrete mixture blended as described above, and the blending amount is 0.3% by weight to the cement weight ratio. As the admixture, a high performance sensitizer for enhancing strength and material separation or a high performance fluidizing agent for improving cement dispersion effect can be used depending on the site conditions, and by using the admixture, it is possible to improve workability of concrete during construction. Can be.

The porous colored water-permeable concrete in the hardened state by kneading the above-mentioned concrete mixture and giving a compaction with a slump of 0 has a permeability coefficient of 10 × 10 ^-2 cm / sec and a design reference flexural strength of 30 to 50 kg / cm ² . It is done.

In addition, according to the present invention, the base layer, which is a support layer laid on the hearth, and the continuous granular coarse aggregate 1,520-2,280 kg / m ³ , water 110-140 kg / m ³ , cement 280-350 kg / A mixture of m ³ and pigment 10-22 kg / m ³ is kneaded and compacted with a slump of 0 to provide a porous colored water-permeable concrete pavement structure comprising a hardened concrete layer. Indicated.

A filter layer may be additionally installed between the hearth and the base (see FIG. 2), and the filter layer serves to prevent the filter function and subgrade soil from invading the base when rainwater penetrates into the hearth. Therefore, a filter layer may not be provided in order to reduce pavement thickness when performing stabilization of a hearth or the like.

In addition, the water-soluble acrylic resin as a surface protective agent can be applied on the concrete surface, the coating thickness is characterized in that less than 1mm. The structures in which the surface protective agent is applied on the packaging structures shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, respectively. By applying the surface coating agent, the surface strength can be strengthened and the color can be sharpened for a longer time, and the material separation phenomenon can be reduced after curing, thereby preventing the shrinkage, cracking and peeling of the surface layer. It is possible to prevent the initial cracking of the concrete generated during the delay in curing.

In order to look at the structure in more detail according to the construction stage of the porous colored water-permeable concrete is as follows.

First, the roadbed cleanup work is performed to finish the road surface smoothly so as not to disturb the road surface. At this time, care should be taken to sufficiently grasp the characteristics of the roadbed soil so that the roadbed has a uniform supporting force.

Next, when rainwater penetrates the roadbed, a filter layer is laid on the roadbed in order to prevent subgrade soil from penetrating the base layer to be subsequently laid or the base material penetrating into the roadbed, and the surface is cleaned using a roller or the like. Sand and the like are used as the filter layer, and the permeability coefficient is 1 × 10 ⁻³ to 10 ⁻⁴ cm / sec or more.

Next, after base material is inputted using a bulldozer etc. on the said filter layer, it is constructed so that it may become a predetermined shape using a roller etc. Substrate materials should be taken to avoid material separation and compacted at the optimum function ratio to ensure proper density and permeability. As the base material, a material rich in permeability and water retention in addition to strength and durability should be used. Generally, crushed stone or the like is used. Preferably, Krascheran C-40 or C-30 is used. Then, the permeability coefficient is 1 × 10 ⁻² cm / sec or more.

Next, the above-described concrete mixture is blended and kneaded to each ratio, and then laid on the base layer and compacted with a roller or the like with a slump of 0 to increase the bonding force between aggregates, and to secure flatness of the compacted surface. do. According to the present invention, by using the sand in this process, the size of the coarse aggregate is selected only by 4.75 to 9.5 mm (the first coarse aggregate) and 2.36 to 4.75 mm (the second coarse aggregate) to make the pores of a suitable size. The water permeability is expressed, and the second aggregate existing on the surface during the compaction process is inserted into the voids of the first aggregate, thereby making the surface dense and flat. In this way, the finished porous colored permeable concrete layer is characterized by having a porosity of 10 to 12%, a permeability coefficient of 10x10 ^-2 cm / sec, and a design reference bending strength of 30 to 50 kg / cm ² .

Next, a curing process of covering the vinyl or nonwoven fabric for 1 to 2 days on the flattened concrete layer is performed, thereby preventing surface cracking due to evaporation of water, preventing unevenness due to the passage of pedestrians, and strength. There is an effect of preventing discoloration by increasing and blocking direct sunlight. At the end of the curing period, shrinkage joints and expansion joints are finished on the concrete surface layer as needed.

In addition, the water-soluble acrylic resin as a surface protector may be applied onto the concrete surface, and the coating thickness thereof is characterized in that less than 1mm.

Since the porous colored water-permeable concrete used for urban packaging of various uses is directly exposed to severe environmental conditions such as gas phase action and abrasion action, the material to be used should be thoroughly investigated and tested to confirm its quality before construction.

Road paved by the porous colored water-permeable concrete of the present invention is a rigid pavement formed by engaging the first aggregate and the second aggregate composed of continuous granularity even if the base layer is damaged, there is no damage due to the load, the surface during the compaction process by the roller Since the second aggregate present is inserted into the voids of the first aggregate, not only can the surface be denser and flattened, but also the strength can be further increased, and it can be produced as a batch plant in the production of the water-permeable concrete.

According to the present invention, the size of the coarse aggregate is used only at 4.75 to 9.5 mm (the first coarse aggregate) and 2.36 to 4.75 mm (the second coarse aggregate) without using sand at all, thereby creating air gaps of a suitable size to make permeability. It is provided with a porous permeable concrete, which has a long-term permeability stability because unlike the asphalt does not cause problems such as foreign matter is attached to the pores even if the surface temperature rises in the summer.

In addition, the porous colored water-permeable concrete is a rigid pavement formed by combining the first aggregate and the second aggregate composed of a continuous particle size, and excellent mechanical strength, such as durability and bending toughness, and can further increase the strength by a compaction process by a roller. In addition, since the second aggregate existing on the surface during the compaction process is inserted into the void of the first aggregate, the surface can be made dense and flat.

Unlike asphalt, cement, which is a component of the concrete mixture of the present invention, does not have much influence on color expression, and also does not use fine aggregates having a characteristic of absorbing pigments, and thus shows a vivid color by using only a small amount of pigment. Can be beautiful.

Since no fine aggregate (sand) is used, the volume change of pavement structure before and after laying concrete is reduced, construction cost and material cost are reduced, and it is used as construction material until the maritime due to the development of construction and civil engineering and lack of natural materials. In Korea, the demand for fine aggregates has the advantage of preventing the shortage of materials.

In addition, various natural environmental problems caused by the use of impervious paving materials, and the problems of river flooding caused by heavy rain have been resolved, and the inconvenience of traffic caused by the accumulation of water on the road during rainy weather has been eliminated.

Claims (6)

4.76~9.5mm size of the first coarse aggregate 1,235~1,615kg / m ^3, 2.36~4.75mm size of the second coarse aggregate 285~665kg / m ^3, water 110~140kg / m ^3, the cement 280~350kg / m ³ , Porous colored water-permeable concrete obtained by kneading or kneading a cement concrete mixture containing pigments 10 to 22 kg / m ³ . The porous colored water-permeable concrete according to claim 1, wherein the admixture further contains 0.3% by weight or less based on the weight of the cement. According to claim 1, wherein the kneaded cement concrete mixture is compacted with a slump of 0, the permeability coefficient of the hardened state is 10 × 10 ^-2 cm / sec, and the design reference flexural strength is 30 to 50 kg / cm ² Characterized by porous colored pitched concrete. The hearth and the support layer of the base layer to be laid, a filter layer laid between the subgrade and the base layer, and the first aggregate size to be laid over the base layer of 4.76~9.5mm 1,235~1,615kg / m ^3, the size of 2.36~4.75mm 2 Coarse aggregate cement mixture containing 285 to 665 kg / m ³ , water 110 to 140 kg / m ³ , cement 280 to 350 kg / m ³ , and pigment 10 to 22 kg / m ³ , giving compaction with zero slump Porous colored permeable concrete pavement structure comprising a cured concrete layer. The porous colored water-permeable concrete pavement structure according to claim 4, wherein a water-soluble acrylic resin as a surface protecting agent is coated on the surface of the concrete layer. The porous colored water-permeable concrete pavement structure according to claim 5, wherein the coating thickness of the surface protective agent is within 1 mm.