KR100270638B1 - Combustion apparatus of heavy oil emulsion fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus applied to a combustion furnace such as a commercial, industrial boiler, a gasifier, or a heating furnace, wherein the combustion efficiency by moisture in fuel is high in a combustion furnace using heavy oil emulsion fuel. The object of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion furnace which prevents a drop and at the same time prevents the rise of the acid furnace point due to moisture contained in the combustion furnace exhaust gas.As a solution for this, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 is a heating pipe. After heating by the heater 110 using the light and the like, the water vaporizer 120 separates the oil fraction 122 of heavy oil and the steam 121 made of steam and light oil combustible gas, and the heavy oil 122 is a boiler or the like. The vaporized vapor 121 supplied to the burner of the combustion furnace 10 becomes a liquid 141 in which water and light oil condensed by the condenser 140 are mixed, and the liquid 141 is an oil water separator 1. 50 is separated into the oil 151 and the water 152, the oil 151 is used as a fuel for the ignition torch of the combustion furnace 10, the water 152 is part of the desulfurization apparatus 40 As the cooling water 41, a part of the cooling water 41 is used as the atomizing steam 9, the boiler internal blow blow steam 8, or the like.

Description

Heavy Oil Emulsion Fuel Combustor

The present invention relates to a heavy oil emulsified combustion equipment applied to combustion furnaces for commercial or industrial boilers, a gasfication furnaces, heating furnaces and the like.

FIG. 14 shows the configuration of a combustion apparatus in the case of burning a conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel in a boiler.

In the boiler shown in FIG. 14, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 is supplied directly from the fuel tank 100 to the burner of the boiler 10. The atomizer steam 9 (a atomizing steam) of the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 is supplied to the burner at the same time, and atomizes the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 to the particle diameter which is easy to burn.

Thereafter, the fuel 101 is burned in the boiler 10. On the other hand, in order to blow off ash content or the like attached to the heat transfer pipe or the like in the boiler 10, a separate steam 8 is supplied into the boiler 10.

The exhaust gas 11 after combustion in the boiler 10 is passed through a NOx removal apparatus 20, a dust removal apparatus 30, and a wet type SOx removal apparatus. It is discharged from the chimney 50 to the atmosphere.

The prior art can supply the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 to the boiler 10 at room temperature in this manner, but since the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 contains about 20 to 30% of water, it is necessary to evaporate in the boiler. Heat is required, which reduces boiler efficiency.

In the above-described heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, the efficiency of the combustion furnace is reduced by a large amount of moisture contained in the fuel, and a large amount of moisture is contained in the exhaust gas of the combustion furnace. There was a problem that the rise of dew point) caused corrosion of the wake equipment or soot dust attached.

An object of the present invention is a heavy oil emulsion fuel in a combustion apparatus using heavy oil emulsion fuel, which prevents a decrease in efficiency of a combustion furnace due to moisture in the fuel and at the same time prevents an increase in the acid dew point due to moisture contained in the combustion furnace exhaust gas. It is to provide a combustion device.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus which solves a drop in combustibility, which is a drawback of heavy oil, by atomizing oil droplets at the time of combustion.

MEANS TO SOLVE THE PROBLEM In order to solve the said subject in heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, this invention heats and dehydrates a heavy oil emulsion fuel, and makes the fuel after dehydration the fuel of a combustion furnace. On the other hand, at least a part of the dehydrated water is supplied to the water use line of the combustion furnace, and replaces and uses the water conventionally supplied from other places.

The furnace exhaust gas can be used as a heat source to heat the heavy oil emulsion fuel for dehydration. In this case, it is preferable to provide an economizer upstream of the combustion furnace discharge gas withdrawal part and downstream of the combustion furnace discharge gas return part, respectively.

The heating of the heavy oil emulsion fuel by the exhaust gas from the combustion furnace is safe and preferable for fire prevention if the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated by heat exchange with a heat pipe method using water as a heat medium.

In the present invention, the burner atomization steam line, the soot blow steam line, the desulfurization apparatus cooling water line, or the like can be used as the water use line in the combustion furnace for supplying the water dehydrated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel.

In the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, steam and light oil combustible gas generated by heating to dehydrate the heavy oil emulsion fuel may be cooled and condensed to separate the water and the oil to be taken out.

In this case, it is preferable to recover the heated heat in order to dehydrate the heavy oil emulsion fuel by cooling the water vapor and the light oil combustible gas generated when the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated by heat exchange with the heavy oil emulsion fuel before heating.

In addition, in order to make the water in the heavy oil be 1% or less, it is preferable to provide two or more units of a means for heating and dehydrating a heavy oil emulsion such as a flasher such as a heater.

By the way, since heavy oil is high concentration, if it is going to acquire atomization characteristic as C heavy oil (atomization temperature 95 degreeC), it is necessary to raise it to 190 degreeC in bitumen and 230 degreeC in asphalt (refer FIG. 12). . In addition, heavy oils are oils with a high residual carbon content and low combustion.

Therefore, in order to improve the combustibility of the heavy oil fuel recovered by dehydration of the heavy oil emulsion, by using the atomization of micro droplets, the atomized oil droplets (about 100 μm) in the combustion furnace are further atomized, thereby increasing the surface area of the oil droplets. It is desirable to make the ride all good.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is preferable to leave the amount of water necessary for dehydration from the heavy oil emulsion. The amount is 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 5% by weight.

When the water droplets in the fuel are large, a high shear type stirrer such as a high shear turbine mixer, a colloid mill, and a homogenizer, or an orifice or a valve is arranged in a line to be subjected to high shear.

Thereby, the particle diameter of the water droplet in fuel is 100 micrometers or less, Preferably it is 50 micrometers or less, and it becomes an oil droplet type emulsion.

Moreover, when it is necessary to accelerate atomization and stabilize water droplets, a small amount of surfactant represented by polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (HLB 1 to 20) is added. As for a surfactant, as long as it is a low cost and promotes emulsification, it can be used individually or in mixture.

Expose the dewatered heavy oil to a high temperature of the atomizing conditions, since the contained water is evaporated (in the bitumen in the 20kg / cm ^2, asphalt 25kg / cm ²⁾ or higher saturated vapor pressure needs to be pressed in. Therefore, it is best to carry out the adjustment and atomization of moisture in the fuel supply line (see FIG. 13).

When the water contained in the dehydrated heavy oil in the fuel tank is insufficient, supplementary water such as separated water from the heavy oil emulsion may be added. Even in the case where the water in the dehydrated heavy oil is unevenly distributed, it can be homogenized by the high shear stirrer or a line blender.

In addition, some of the heavy oil emulsion fuel may be dehydrated by a liquid-liquid separator before being heated and dehydrated. Thereby, the amount of heat required in heating dehydration can be reduced.

It is preferable to circulate a portion of the water separated by such a liquid-liquid separator upstream of the liquid-liquid separator to lower the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel during liquid-liquid separation.

As described above, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, by dehydrating water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel and using only the fuel after dehydration as the fuel for the combustion furnace, a decrease in the efficiency of the combustion furnace due to the introduction of a large amount of water into the combustion furnace is prevented. can do. In addition, the dehydrated water is also used as a substitute for water to be supplied from elsewhere, so that the overall efficiency of the combustion furnace is improved.

In addition, in the conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, the acid exhaust point of the outlet exhaust gas is high due to the addition of a large amount of water, and in the case of material corrosion or soot dust deposition and deposition due to dew formation in the combustion furnace downstream equipment or pipe, Although an accident called occlusion occurred, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, the amount of water input into the combustion furnace is reduced by the above-described means, and these accidents can be solved.

Further, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, since heavy oil from which a low boiling point component (water and some light oil) is separated is supplied to the burner of the combustion furnace, steam obstruction in the atomization temperature control of heavy oil (around 200 ° C) ( vapor lock) is released and safe combustion of heavy oil in the furnace is maintained.

As described above, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, the heavy oil emulsion fuel is divided into water, and the heavy oil emulsion fuel is used in a heavy oil source to improve the transportability and handleability of high viscosity fluid or solid heavy oil at room temperature. (E.g., 30%) to be emulsified and handled as a fluid at room temperature, and this does not have to be used as a fuel for a combustion furnace, so that it can be dehydrated and used again like the combustion apparatus of the present invention. It becomes an advantageous use apparatus for the efficiency of a combustion furnace.

1 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the heavy oil emulsion fuel heater in FIG. 1; FIG.

8 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a system diagram showing an example of a fuel property adjustment system in the seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a system diagram showing another configuration example of the fuel property adjustment system in the seventh and eighth embodiments of the present invention. FIG.

12 is a graph showing the relationship between heavy oil, viscosity and temperature.

13 is a graph showing the saturated steam pressure of water.

14 is a system diagram of a conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion boiler.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

8: steam for soot blow 9: steam for atomization

10: boiler (boiler body) 11: boiler exhaust gas

20: denitration apparatus 30: dedusting apparatus

40: wet desulfurization apparatus 41: cooling water

50: chimney 100: heavy oil emulsion fuel tank

101, 102: heavy oil emulsion fuel 110: heavy oil emulsion fuel heater

120: water evaporator 121: steam

122, 122 ': heavy oil 130: fuel storage tank

140: condenser 150: oil water separator

160: reheater 170, 170 ': flasher

190, 190 ': line blender 301: heating pipe

406: heavy oil 410: salt concentrate

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus which concerns on this invention is demonstrated concretely based on embodiment shown to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. In addition, in the following embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same component part as the conventional apparatus shown in FIG. 14 for simplicity.

[First Embodiment]

First, the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described.

In the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion boiler shown in FIG. 1, similar to the boiler shown in FIG. 14, the boiler main body 10, the denitrification apparatus 20, the dedusting apparatus 30, and the wet desulfurization apparatus 40 of the exhaust gas treatment line 40 And a dewatering system of water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel with respect to the fuel supply line in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion boiler comprising the chimney 50 and the like. Reference numeral 13 denotes an economizer.

The dewatering system in the combustion boiler shown in FIG. 1 includes a heavy oil emulsion fuel tank 100, a heavy oil emulsion fuel heater 110, a water evaporator 120 in fuel, a fuel storage tank 130 after dehydration, and dehydration steam. Condenser 140, oil water separator 150, moisture reheater 160 and the like.

The fuel sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer is stored in the fuel tank 100. The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 sent from the tank 100 via a pump (not shown) absorbs the latent heat of the steam 121 in the condenser 140 described later and rises in temperature.

In addition, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 exiting the condenser 140 is heated to a temperature at which the water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 can evaporate from the heater 110 and is supplied to the moisture evaporator 120. Sensitive heat of some of the gases 12 of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is used as a heating source of the heater 110.

Some of the gas 12 of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is, for example, a combustion exhaust gas of about 400 ° C. withdrawn from a position near the outlet of the economizer 13, and the exhaust gas exiting the heater 110 is again the economizer 13. Return to the outlet gas line between the economizer 13 and the next economizer 13.

The specific configuration of heater 110 is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 301 denotes a heating pipe using water 301a or the like as the heat medium. Reference numeral 302 denotes a fuel container, in which heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 exiting the condenser 140 is introduced, and is heated by a heating pipe 301 installed therein to become a high temperature heavy oil emulsion fuel 111 to become a moisture evaporator. Supplied to 120.

Reference numeral 303 denotes an exhaust gas container, in which combustion gas 12 having a gas temperature of 400 ° C. near the outlet of the economizer 13 is introduced to heat the heating pipe 301 provided therein, thereby providing a heating pipe ( The heating medium in 301) is heated. The fuel discharge gas exiting the exhaust gas container 303 is returned to the outlet of the economizer 13 or to the exhaust gas line between the economizer 13 and the next economizer 13 again. In this way, heating the heavy oil emulsion fuel by the heater 110 using the heating pipe is safe and preferable for fire prevention.

The fuel 111, which is supplied to the water evaporator 120 and is heated to high temperature, is separated into a heavy oil 122 and a steam 121 made of steam and light oil combustible gas, and the heavy oil 122 is once the fuel storage tank 130. After storage in the boiler fuel 131 is supplied to the burner of the boiler (10).

Since the heavy oil 122 supplied to the burner of the boiler 10 is heavy oil in which low boiling point components (water and some light oil) are separated, the steam blockage in the atomization temperature condition of heavy oil (about 200 ° C) is eliminated and the boiler Stable combustion of heavy oil is maintained.

In addition, since the heavy oil 122 loses fluidity at room temperature when the vapor 121 made of steam and light oil combustible gas evaporates, the fuel storage tank 130 and the pipes to the burner are heated to maintain fluidity. There is a need.

The vaporized vapor 121 is introduced into the condenser 140 to recover the latent heat it has, and transfers heat to the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 at room temperature, the steam 121 is mixed with moisture and light oil after condensation. It becomes the liquid 141.

In order to effectively use the water and the oil in the same system, the oil water separator 150 separates the oil 151 and the water 152, and the oil 151 is used as fuel for the ignition torch of the boiler. Furnace, water 152 is partly heated by the cooling water 41 of the desulfurization unit 40 and part by the reheater 160 so that the steam for the atomization of the boiler burner 9 or the steam for the soot blow in the boiler ( 8) (a soot blowing steam).

The atomizing steam 9 and the soot blow steam 8 are necessary for the boiler 10, and according to the present invention, if the water in the fuel is not used, it needs to be supplied elsewhere. Since it can replenish, the water supplied to the boiler 10 can be reduced significantly, and the efficiency improvement of the boiler 10 and the reliability improvement of a wake apparatus can be achieved.

Second Embodiment

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 will be described.

In the second embodiment, the high shear turbine mixer 180 is disposed in the fuel supply line supplied from the fuel storage tank 130 to the boiler 10 as the boiler fuel 131. Other configurations are substantially the same as those of FIG.

In this way, by providing the high shear turbine mixer 180 further, fuel that promotes the atomization of the heavy flow rate water is supplied to the boiler 10. As a result, atomization of the fuel occurs by spraying the fuel in the boiler or by rupture of the fine water, and the heavy oil is further atomized. This improves the combustibility of heavy oil.

[Third Embodiment]

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 will be described.

In the third embodiment, in the fuel supply line supplied from the fuel storage tank 130 to the boiler 10, the line blender 190 is disposed in front of the high shear turbine mixer 180, and the water separated upstream thereof. At least one of 152 and the additive 200 is injected. The rest of the configuration is substantially the same as that in FIG.

With such a configuration, at least one of the water 152 and the additive 200 is added, and it is mixed in advance with the fuel 131 by the action of the line blender 190 to form an oil droplet droplet emulsion. , Promotes atomization of water droplets. As a result, the boiling atomization in the boiler 10 is further promoted.

[4th Embodiment]

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 will be described.

In the fourth embodiment, similarly to the boiler shown in FIG. 14, the boiler main body 10, the denitrification apparatus 20, the dedusting apparatus 30, the wet desulfurization apparatus 40, and the chimney 50 of the exhaust gas treatment line are provided. The dewatering system of water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is arranged with respect to the fuel supply line in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion boiler composed of

That is, the dewatering system in the combustion boiler shown in FIG. 4 includes the heavy oil emulsion fuel tank 100, the heavy oil emulsion fuel heater 110, the flashers 170 and 170 ′, the fuel storage tank 130 after dehydration, and the dewatering system. The steam condenser 140, the oil water separator 150, the moisture reheater 160 and the like.

The fuel sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer is stored in the fuel tank 100. The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 sent from the fuel tank 100 via a pump (not shown) is absorbed by the latent heat of the steam 121 in the condenser 140 to be described later and rises in temperature.

In addition, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 exiting the condenser 140 is heated to a temperature at which the water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 in the heater 110 can evaporate, and is supplied to the flashers 170 ′ and 170.

The heater 110 and the flasher need to be multistage in order to make the moisture in the heavy oil 122 less than or equal to 1%. 4 shows two stages of flashers 170 and 170 '.

As the heating source of the heater 110, sensible heat of some of the gases 12 of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is used.

The hot fuels 111 ′ and 111 supplied to the flashers 170 ′ and 170 are separated into heavy oils 122 ′ and 122, and steam 121 made of steam and light oil combustible gases, and the heavy oil 122. Is stored in the fuel storage tank 130 and then supplied to the burner of the boiler 10 as the boiler fuel 131.

In addition, since the heavy oil 122 loses fluidity at room temperature, it is necessary to heat the fuel storage tank 130 and the pipes to the burner to maintain fluidity.

The vaporized vapor 9 from the flasher 170 'at the front end is reheated by the heater 110, and the pressure is adjusted above the spray pressure to be supplied to the burner. The vapor 121 evaporated from the rear end flasher 170 enters the condenser 140 to recover its latent heat, where heat is transferred to the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 at room temperature, and the steam 121 is after condensation. It becomes the liquid 141 mixed with moisture and light oil.

In order to effectively use this water and light oil in the same system, the oil water separator 150 separates the oil 151 and the water 152, and the oil 151 is a fuel such as a ignition torch of the boiler. Furnace, water 152 is partly used as the cooling water 41 of the desulfurization unit 40 and part is heated in the reheater 160 to be used as steam 8 for the soot blow in the boiler.

The soot blow steam 8 is necessary for the boiler 10, and if the water in the fuel of the present invention is not used, it is necessary to supply it from another place, and since it can be supplemented by the water in the fuel, the boiler The water supplied to (10) can be greatly reduced, and the efficiency of the boiler 10 can be improved and the reliability of the wake equipment can be achieved.

[Fifth Embodiment]

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 5 will be described.

In the fifth embodiment, the heater 110 and the flashers 170 and 170 'are disposed in two stages as in the fourth embodiment. In the present embodiment, the vaporized vapor from the rear flasher 170 is supplied to the burner as an atomizing vapor 9 as it is, and the vaporized vapor 121 from the front flasher 170 'recovers the latent heat it has. In order to put in the condenser 140.

[Sixth Embodiment]

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 will be described.

Also in the boiler shown in FIG. 6, heavy oil comprised by the boiler main body 10, the denitrification apparatus 20 of the waste gas processing line, the dedusting apparatus 30, the wet desulfurization apparatus 40, the chimney 50, etc. A dewatering system of water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is disposed with respect to the fuel supply line in the emulsion fuel combustion boiler.

The dewatering system in the sixth embodiment includes the heavy oil emulsion fuel tank 100, the heavy oil emulsion fuel circulation boiler 110 ′, the flasher 170, the fuel storage tank 130 after dehydration, and the condenser 140 of dehydration steam, Oil water separator 150, water reheater 160, and the like.

The fuel sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer is stored in the fuel tank 100. The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 sent from the fuel tank 100 via a pump (not shown) is absorbed by the latent heat of the steam 120 in the condenser 140 to be described later and the temperature rises. In addition, the water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 heated in the circulating boiler 110 'and some light oil are evaporated and supplied to the flasher 170.

In the heating source of the circulating boiler 110 ′, sensible heat of a part of the gas 12 of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is used. The high-temperature fuel 111 supplied to the flasher 170 is separated from the steam 121 composed of water and light oil combustible gas remaining in the heavy flow rate, and the heavy oil 122 is stored in the fuel storage tank 130 and then the boiler fuel. As 131, it is supplied to the burner of the boiler 10.

In addition, since the heavy oil 122 loses fluidity at room temperature, the pipes to the fuel storage tank 130 and the burners need to be heated to maintain fluidity. Evaporated steam 9 from the circulating boiler 110 'is supplied to the burner as atomized steam.

Steam 121 evaporated from flasher 170 enters condenser 140 to recover its latent heat, where heat is transferred to heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 at room temperature, and steam 121 condenses moisture after condensation. And the liquid 141 mixed with hard oil.

In order to effectively use the water and the light oil in the same system, the oil water separator 150 separates the oil 151 and the water 152, and the oil 151 is used for the ignition torch of the boiler. As a fuel, the water 152 is partially used as the cooling water 41 of the desulfurization apparatus 40 and the part is heated by the reheater 160 to be used as steam 8 for the soot blow in the boiler.

The soot blow steam 8 is necessary for the boiler 10, and if the water in the fuel of the present invention is not used, it needs to be supplied from another place, but since it can be supplemented by the water in the fuel, the boiler ( The water supplied to 10) can be significantly reduced, and the efficiency of the boiler 10 can be improved and the reliability of the wake equipment can be achieved.

[Seventh Embodiment]

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 will be described.

Also in the boiler shown in FIG. 8, heavy oil comprised by the boiler main body 10, the denitrification apparatus 20 of the waste gas processing line, the dedusting apparatus 30, the wet desulfurization apparatus 40, the chimney 50, etc. A dewatering system of water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is disposed with respect to the fuel supply line in the emulsion fuel combustion boiler.

The dewatering system according to the seventh embodiment includes the heavy oil emulsion fuel tank 100, the liquid-liquid separator 403, the heavy oil emulsion fuel heater 110, the fuel storage tank 130 after dehydration, and the condenser 140 of dehydration steam. And oil oil separator 150, heavy oil separator 407, light oil separator 408, oil adsorption towers 409 and 409 ', salt concentrator 410 and the like.

The fuel sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer is stored in the fuel tank 100. The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 sent from the tank 100 via a pump (not shown) is heated in the preheater 401. The heating temperature in this case is 50 degreeC or more, Preferably you may be 70 degreeC.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel after heating is then sheared through the orifice 402, thereby increasing the droplet particle diameter. As the high shear type stirring means that can be employed in addition to the orifice, there are a turbine mixer, a colloid mill, a homogenizer and the like.

Next, by passing the liquid-liquid separator 403, the moisture in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 405 is reduced to about 5 to 10%.

The separated water 404 separated by the liquid-liquid separator 403 passes through the heavy oil separator 407, the light oil separator 408, the oil adsorption tower 409, and the salt concentrator 410, and finally, the oil content in the water is 10 ppm or less. Preferably it is 1 ppm or less, and is stored in the water tank 152 '. Reference numeral 411 denotes a salt concentrate containing inorganic salts.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel 405 in which a part of the water is removed from the liquid-liquid separator 403 is condenser 140, the heater 110, and the water evaporator after the heavy oil 406 separated by the heavy oil separator 407 joins. Heated and dehydrated through the 120, it is sent to the fuel storage tank (130). In this heating and evaporation operation, water and light oil are removed so that the oil content of 200 ° C. or less is 2% or less, preferably 1% or less of heavy oil.

Part of the vapor between the water and the light fraction from the water evaporator 120 is used as the fuel atomization steam 9 of the boiler 10 and the remainder is heat exchanged with the heavy oil emulsion fuel 405 in the condenser 140 so that the liquid It is sent to the oil separator 150. The separated light oil is stored in the tank 151 '. The separated water is sent to the tank 152 'after removing oil from the oil adsorption tower 409'.

[Eighth Embodiment]

Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9 will be described.

In the eighth embodiment, in the seventh embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the salt concentrate water 411 containing a part of the separation water 404 separated by the liquid-liquid separator 403 and inorganic salts is included. Is circulated upstream of the line blender 412 provided upstream of the liquid-liquid separator 403. This lowers the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel at the time of liquid-liquid separation.

Next, in Figs. 10 and 11, a method of adjusting the properties of heavy oil fuel after separating water according to the seventh and eighth embodiments is shown.

In FIG. 10, fuel is circulated from the fuel storage tank 130 via the circulation pump 413, the line blender 190 ′, and the high shear turbine mixer 180 ′, and upstream of the line blender 190 ′. Separation water from the water tank 152 'or brine tank 411' and nonionics such as polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ethers (HLB 1 to 20) from the additive tank 200 ', for example. Additives such as surfactants are injected. The additive is injected to be 0.5% or less of heavy milk sugar. As a result, the water content in the fuel is 0.5 to 10% or less, preferably 50 μm or less in water droplet emulsion.

In FIG. 11, the line blender 190 and the high shear turbine mixer 180 are mounted in a line for supplying the fuel 131 from the fuel tank 130 to the boiler 10 via the line blender 190. After separating the water from the water tank 152 'or the salt concentrate tank 411' and the additive from the additive tank 200 'to adjust the fuel properties, the fuel is supplied to the boiler 10 as it is. .

As mentioned above, although embodiment which showed this invention was concretely demonstrated, this invention is not limited to these embodiment, A various change may be added to the structure within the scope of the invention described in the claim.

For example, in the first embodiment, the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated in the heater 110 to condense the entire amount of the vapor 121 vaporized by the condenser 140, but the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated and evaporated. Depending on the application, some of the steam is used for atomization of the boiler burner, some of the steam is used for the atomization of the boiler burner, and only water that is completely separated from the oil by condensation is used for cooling water of the desulfurization system. You may be comprised so that steam may be used.

Moreover, the heater 110 may employ | adopt a heater of a suitable form other than using a heating pipe.

In addition, in the above embodiment, a case of applying to a boiler has been described as an example, but it will be easily understood that the present invention is applicable to a combustion furnace such as a gasifier or various heating furnaces in addition to the boiler.

As described above, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion boiler according to the present invention, the heavy oil emulsion fuel of the fuel is heated and dehydrated and then supplied to the boiler, and at least a part of the dehydrated water as described above is supplied to the water use line of the boiler. According to this configuration, it is possible to drastically reduce the water supplied to the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler, and to increase the efficiency of the boiler and to increase the efficiency of the boiler and soot dust deposits, deposits, and blockages. It is possible to solve the problem can be achieved to improve the reliability.

In addition, according to the present invention, the heavy oil combustibility in the boiler is greatly improved in the configuration in which the water droplets atomized in the heavy oil fuel are supplied to the boiler.

Claims (17)

In a heavy oil emulsified fuel combustion equipment, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 102 is heated in a heater 110 and a circulating boiler 110 'to provide a water evaporator 120 and a flasher 170, 170'. Heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus characterized in that it is configured to supply water to the combustion furnace (10) after dehydration at the same time, and to supply at least a part of the dehydrated water to the water utilization lines (8, 9) of the combustion furnace. 2. A heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating of the heavy oil emulsion fuel is effected by combustion furnace exhaust gas (12). 3. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 2, wherein heating of the heavy oil emulsion fuel by the combustion furnace discharge gas is performed by using a heating pipe (301) or the circulation boiler (110 '). 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the water utilization line is a line of a burner atomizing stean, a line of soot blowing steam or a desulfurization apparatus cooling water 41. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, characterized in that the line. The method of claim 1, wherein the water vapor and the light oil combustion gas (121) generated when the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated are cooled and condensed in the condenser 140, and the water (152) and the oil ( The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus characterized by separating and withdrawing 151. The heavy oil emulsion according to claim 5, wherein the steam and light fraction combustible gas 121 generated when the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated are cooled by heat exchange in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 and the condenser 140 before heating. Fuel combustion device. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein at least two units of flashers (170, 170 ') are provided for heating and dehydrating the heavy oil emulsion fuel. 3. An economizer (3) according to claim 2, wherein an economizer (13) is respectively placed upstream of the outlet of the discharge gas (12) of the combustion furnace (10) and downstream of the return portion of the discharge gas (12) of the combustion furnace (10). The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein water is atomized by high shear atomization means (180, 180 ') after dehydration until the water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is 0.5 to 10%. . 10. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a surfactant is added to the heavy oil emulsion fuel. 10. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein a water supply line (152, 411) is coupled to the heavy oil emulsion fuel line. 10. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the high shear atomization means (180, 180 ') is installed in a circulation line of a fuel tank (130) or a supply line of a fuel (131). 13. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, configured to be partially dewatered by a liquid-liquid separator (403) before the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated and dehydrated. 14. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 13, wherein a portion of the separation water (404) separated by the liquid-liquid separator (403) is circulated upstream of the liquid-liquid separator (403). The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the combustion furnace (10) is a boiler, a gasfication furnace or a heating furnace. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 13, wherein the combustion furnace (10) is a boiler, a gasifier or a heating furnace. 15. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 14, wherein the combustion furnace (10) is a boiler, a gasifier or a heating furnace.