MXPA98002467A - Combustion apparatus for heavy oil fuel emulsific - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an apparatus for the combustion of emulsified heavy oil fuel, comprising means for heating the heavy oil fuel emulsified under pressure and for removing water from the emulsified heavy oil fuel heated and pressurized by pressure reduction through of a plurality of stages, each of said steps reducing the pressure of the heavy oil fuel emulsified from 1 to 3 atm, and a combustion furnace to receive the emulsified heavy oil fuel such that it is heated and the water is removed for combustion, said combustion furnace comprising a system that uses the water, connected to said means for heating and removing the water so that the water that is withdrawn from the emulsified heavy oil fuel can be supplied by said system of utilization of ag

Description

COMBUSTION APPARATUS FOR EMULSIFIED HEAVY OIL FUEL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for combustion of heavy oil emulsified from a boiler for the combustion of emulsified heavy oil fuel and the like, for public or industrial use.

Description of the prior art: Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a boiler for the combustion of emulsified heavy oil fuel of the prior art. In the boiler shown in Figure 3, the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 is supplied directly to the burner of the boiler 10 from a fuel tank 100. An atomizing jet 9 for the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 is also provided. the burner so that the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 is atomized into combustible particle sizes. Then, the fuel 101 burns in the boiler 10. On the other hand, with the aim of blowing or removing the ash content, etc. which adheres to the heat exchange tube, etc. in the boiler 10, another flow or jet is provided in the boiler 10. The waste gas 11 that the combustion in the boiler generates flows through the denitration apparatus 20, an apparatus for removing the dust 30 and a desulfurization apparatus. 40 and is discharged into the air by means of a chimney 50. In the prior art, the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 is also supplied to the boiler 10 at a normal temperature, but since there is a content of about 20 to 30% of water in the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101, heat is required to evaporate the water in the boiler 10 with the result that the efficiency of the boiler is reduced. In the emulsified heavy oil fuel combustion boiler of the prior art, as mentioned above, the efficiency of the boiler is reduced due to the large amount of water contained in the emulsified heavy oil fuel, and due to the large amount of water in the waste gas from the boiler, the dew point of the sulfuric acid is high due to the water content, therefore corrosion problems are generated and, there is adhesion of soot and dust, in the downstream equipment, which in turn results in a problem of increase in the amount of water used for the soot or removal of soot, etc. and to remove the stuck dust.

In addition, it is a problem that the amount of combustion gas increases due to the jet generated by the combustion of the emulsified heavy oil fuel, which results in an enlargement of the downstream equipment. According to the above, with the objective of solving the problem, which was mentioned above, in the combustion apparatus of the heavy oil emulsified fuel, as it is to avoid that the efficiency in the combustion is avoided reduce due to the water content in the fuel and to prevent the dew point of the sulfuric acid from rising due to the water content in the combustion waste gas, the inventors present an apparatus for the combustion of heavy oil fuel in which the heavy oil fuel is burned after that the water content in it is removed. In the operation to remove water from the emulsified heavy oil fuel, a pressure reduction is made from a high pressure to a normal pressure of the emulsified heavy oil fuel that is pressurized and heated, and in this pressure reduction, arise a large number of vapor bubbles. Unless the bubbles are removed, they are mixed on the side of the emulsified fuel without water, so that it condenses to become water when the heavy oil fuel has cooled which results in reduced efficiency in the removal of the fuel. Water. Thus, it is necessary to eliminate a large number of vapor bubbles which arise when the pressure reduction is made from a high pressure to a normal pressure in the water removal operation of the emulsified heavy oil fuel and to separate the steam towards a secluded side.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for the combustion of heavy oil fuel in which it is possible to prevent the vapor bubbles arising at the time of pressure reduction, in the operation to remove the water, the heavy oil fuel before combustion, is mixed on the side of the heavy oil already without water so that the efficiency in the operation for the removal of water is reduced. In order to achieve this objective, the present invention provides an apparatus for the combustion of an emulsified heavy oil fuel in which the emulsified heavy oil fuel is heated and the water is removed, then introduced into the combustion furnace and the water that is removed is supplied in a system that uses water from the combustion furnace, where means are provided to heat the heavy oil fuel at a high pressure and then the water is removed by a reduced pressure in multiple stages and this Pressure reduction is done with a reduction of the pressure per stage from 1 to 3 ata. In the apparatus for combustion of the heavy oil fuel of the present invention, the multistage pressure reduction of the emulsified heavy oil fuel, which is heated at a high pressure, can be made using a device to reduce the pressure it has. holes for multiple stages or valves for multiple stages. The reason why the pressure is reduced with a staged pressure reduction of 1 to 3 ties in a heavy oil fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, is that if the step pressure reduction exceeds 3 ata, a large number of bubbles arise due to pressure reduction and if these bubbles enter the downstream flow tank, control of the level of the tank becomes difficult and there is an imbalance in the pressure, resulting in an arrest of the operation, and if it is less than 1 ata, it is necessary to increase the number of stages of the pressure reduction. According to the apparatus for combustion of the emulsified heavy oil fuel of the present invention, the emulsified heavy oil fuel can be dewatered with a highly efficient water removal operation and used for combustion, therefore combustion is possible. of the emulsified heavy oil fuel, which is free from the defects seen in the heavy oil fuel of the prior art. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an emulsified heavy oil combustion boiler of an embodiment according to the present invention. Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of a device for reducing the pressure that is used in the apparatus for combustion of the emulsified heavy oil fuel of an embodiment according to the present invention. Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the boiler for combustion of emulsified heavy oil fuel of the prior art.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS: Next, description will be made of an embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 2, of the heavy oil fuel combustion apparatus emulsified in accordance with the present invention. The apparatus for combustion of emulsified heavy fuel shown in Figure 1, comprises two systems, one is the system for supplying the fuel to the boiler that burns the emulsified heavy oil fuel, which consists of a boiler 10 and a treatment system for waste gas from an appliance for denitrization 20, an apparatus for dust removal 30, an apparatus for desulfurization of wet type 40, a chimney or flue 50, etc. And the other is a system for the removal of water from the emulsified heavy oil fuel, which consists of the following. The system for water removal consists of a tank for the heavy oil emulsified 100, a heavy oil fuel heater, an apparatus. cleaning by water discharge 120, a tank for storing the fuel without water 130, a steam condenser without water 140, an oily water separator 150, a water heater 160, etc. The system for removing the water is described below. The fuel is sent from the emulsified heavy oil fuel production source and is stored, first, in the fuel tank 100. The emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 is sent from the fuel tank 100 by means of a pump which absorbs the latent heat of the steam 121 in the condenser 140, which will be described later, to raise its temperature. The emulsified fuel 102 is again heated by means of the heater 110 to a temperature at which the water content in the emulsified heavy oil fuel 102 can be vaporized and then supplied to the water discharge cleaning apparatus 120. As a heat source for the heater 110, a sensible heat of a gas portion 12 of a waste gas from the boiler 11 can be used. The fuel 111 which is heated by the heater 110 to a high temperature is supplied in the apparatus of water discharge cleaning 120 for separating the oil content 122 from heavy oil and steam 121 consisting of steam and a light oil fuel gas. The heavy oil content 122 is stored at once in the storage tank 130 and then is provided to the burner port of the boiler 10 as a boiler fuel 131. It should be noted that because the heavy oil content 122 loses buoyancy at a normal temperature, storage tank 130, burner port pipeline, etc., are heated so as to maintain buoyancy.

A portion of the steam 121 is used as a spray mist of the burner 9 and the remainder is sent to the condenser 140 so that its latent heat is recovered, where the heat is transferred to the emulsified heavy oil fuel 101 and the steam 121 it condenses and becomes liquid 141 where the content of water and light oil mix. In order to make full use of the water content and the content of light oil, respectively, in the same system, they are separated into an oil content 151 and a water content 52 by means of an oily water separator 150, and the oil content 151 is used as a fuel for the ignition of the pilot, etc., of the boiler and the water content 152 is attached in one portion as water for cooling 41 in the desulfurization apparatus 40 and a portion is heated in the re-heater 160 to be used as steam 8 for blowing the soot in the boiler, etc. This steam 8 for the soot puff is indispensable in the boiler and unless it is supplied with the water in the fuel as in the present invention, it would be necessary to supply it from another source, but now it can be provided from the water in the fuel, therefore the water supply in the boiler is positively reduced and the efficiency of the boiler 10 and the confidence in the downstream equipment can be greatly improved.

In the above, the pressure operation of the heater 110 is about 15 to 20 ata and, in order to effect a reduction of the pressure to a normal pressure in the apparatus for the water flushing 120, a device is provided which reduces the pressure 200. An example of a device for reducing pressure 200 is shown in Figure 2, wherein the device for pressure reduction 200 is constructed in such a way that an emulsion without water is applied in the output of the heater 110, by means of the multi-stage orifices, for the reduction of the pressure 201. Coincidentally, the valves can be used for the reduction of the pressure instead of the holes 201. And finally in the outlet portion , a pressure regulating valve 202 is provided for fine regulation of the pressure. In addition, the reduction of the pressure by means of the device for the reduction of the pressure 200 is done so that while the generation of bubbles is accompanied with a reduction of pressure by the stage that is established from 1 to 3 ata, the reduction of Pressure can be made with a smaller number of reduction stages. By using the pressure reducing device 200 which is constructed in this way, only a small number of bubbles are generated in the pressure reduction of the hot, emulsified heavy oil fuel and only a very small amount of water is generated. a mixture of water on the emulsion side without water. As described above, according to the apparatus for combustion of the heavy oil fuel of the present invention, the construction is made in such a way that the means for heating the heavy oil fuel emulsified at high pressure is provided and then it removes the water by a reduction of pressure in multiple stages, where the reduction of the pressure is done with a reduction of pressure by stages ranging from 1 to 3 ata, so that it can be obtained for combustion an oil fuel heavy emulsified in which a lower generation of bubbles is caused due to the reduction of pressure and the water content is regulated from 2 to 5%. Therefore, in the emulsified heavy oil fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention, the water content in the emulsified heavy oil fuel that is supplied in the combustion apparatus can be greatly reduced, so that it can improve the combustion efficiency and the problems that accompany the rise of the dew point sulfuric acid in the downstream equipment, so that it can dissolve the adhered soot and dust, accumulator, clogged, etc., and achieves an improvement in confidence.

It is understood that the invention is not limited to the particular construction or the arrangement illustrated and described herein but covers these modified forms thereof as it is included in the scope of the following claims.

Claims (3)

f f , REIVIN XDICATIONS

1. The apparatus for the combustion of a heavy oil fuel, emulsified in which the 5 oil, heavy, emulsified fuel is heated and the water is removed and then put into a combustion furnace for combustion and the water is supplied in a system that uses it in the combustion furnace, 10 characterized in that the mechanisms for heating the heavy oil fuel emulsified at a high pressure are provided and then the water is removed by means of a pressure reduction in multiple stages and the pressure reduction is made 15 with a step pressure reduction of 1 to 3 ata.

2. The apparatus for the combustion of heavy oil fuel, emulsified, according to claim 1, characterized in that the Means for removing water by pressure reduction are multi-stage orifices.

3. The apparatus for the combustion of heavy oil fuel, emulsified according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for withdrawal of water by pressure reduction are multi-stage valves. The apparatus for the combustion of heavy oil fuel, emulsified according to claims 2 6 3, characterized in that a valve is provided that regulates the pressure downstream of the orifices or valves of multiple stages.