JPH09287731A - Combustion apparatus for heavy oil emulsion fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an amount of heat required for dehydration and improve combustibility of a heavy oil fuel after dehydration. SOLUTION: A liquid-liquid separator 403 is provided between a fuel tank 100 and a heater 110 in order to perform dehydration by liquid-liquid separation before evaporating and dehydrating a heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 under heating. In this way, with regard to dehydration by the heater 110 and an evaporator 120, dehydration for only the necessary amount of dehydrated vapor 121, which can be supplied to a combustion furnace, is originally sufficient enough, and, accordingly, the heat of vaporization is greatly reduced at the time of dehydration and the thermal efficiency of a boiler can be improved. Further, combustibility can also be improved by forming a water droplet-in-oil type emulsion in a dehydrated heavy oil fuel 131.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus applied to a combustion furnace such as a commercial or industrial boiler, a gasification furnace, or a heating furnace.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 shows the construction of a heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler plant provided with a conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, which is designed to burn heavy oil emulsion fuel in a combustion furnace.

As shown in the figure, in a heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler plant including a boiler body 10, a denitration device 20 for an exhaust gas treatment system, a degassing device 30, a wet desulfurization device 40, a chimney 50, etc. The heavy oil emulsion combustion system is equipped with a dehydration system that removes light oil and water from the heavy oil emulsion fuel in the fuel supply system that supplies the heavy oil emulsion fuel to the furnace as fuel. Has been done.

That is, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101, which is supplied to the boiler body 10 and is blown into the combustion furnace and burned, is a heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 which is an oil-in-water emulsion containing about 30% of water. Also, since the oil water 141 is dehydrated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 and the heavy oil fuel 131 supplied to the combustion furnace is viscous, it is possible to obtain atomization characteristics comparable to C heavy oil (atomization temperature 95 ° C.). Then, it is necessary to raise the temperature to 190 ° C. for bitumen and 230 ° C. for asphalt, and the heavy oil fuel 131 originally has a large amount of residual residue and has a characteristic of poor combustibility. Further, natural heavy oil contains a slight amount of light oil 151, which is a very light component (for example, a substance having a boiling point of about 100 ° C.).

Therefore, the light oil 151 and the water content 152 in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 are dehydrated and then supplied to the combustion furnace as the heavy oil fuel 131, and at the same time, the de-steam 121, the water content 152, and the water generated during the evaporation and dehydration are generated. A dewatering system is arranged to improve the combustion efficiency by effectively utilizing the light oil 151.

As shown in the figure, this dehydration system includes a fuel tank 10 for storing heavy oil emulsion fuel 101.
0, a heater 110 for heating the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 heated by a condenser 140 described later to a temperature necessary for dehydration, and a heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 heated by the heater 110 for de-steaming 121 Heavy oil fuel 13
Evaporator 120 for separating into 1, so-called dehydration, evaporator 1
Storage tank 1 for storing heavy fuel 131 dehydrated in 20
30, the condenser 140 for condensing the de-steam 121 separated by the evaporator 120 into the oil water 141 in which the light oil 151 and the water 152 are mixed, the oil water 141 condensed by the condenser 140
Is separated into a water 152 and a light oil 151. A light oil separator 150 and a water 152 separated by the light oil separator 150.
Is composed of a reheater 160 and the like for heating the steam to generate steam 153 for the combustion furnace and supplying the steam to the boiler body 10.

In such a dehydration system, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer is stored in the fuel tank 100. The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 extracted from the fuel tank 100 and sent via a pump (not shown) absorbs the latent heat of the dewatered steam 121 from the evaporator 120 in the condenser 140 and rises in temperature. Further, the lighter oil 152 and the water 151 in the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 are heated by the heater 110 to a temperature at which they can be evaporated and dehydrated, and are supplied to the evaporator 120. A part of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is used as the heating source of the heater 110, and the sensible heat of the boiler exhaust gas 11 is used.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 heated by the heater 110 and supplied to the evaporator 120 and having a high temperature
Is separated into heavy oil fuel 131 and de-steam 121 composed of steam and light oil combustible gas. Of these, the heavy oil fuel 131 is once stored in the storage tank 130 and then supplied to the burner port of the boiler body 10 as boiler fuel. It should be noted that the heavy oil fuel 131 has a low fluidity at room temperature when the de-steam 121 composed of steam and light oil combustible gas evaporates, so that the pipes installed up to the storage tank 130 and the burner port of the combustion furnace. Etc. must be heated to lower the viscosity and increase the fluidity.

Further, the de-steam 121 is put into the condenser 140 in order to recover its latent heat, and heats the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 at room temperature sent from the fuel tank 100 to the heater 110 described above. And is cooled and condensed to become oil water 141 in which water 152 and light oil 151 are mixed. This mixed water 15 in the oil water 141
2 and the light oil 151 are effectively used in the dehydration system, they are separated by the light oil separator 150, and the light oil 151 is used as fuel for the ignition torch of the boiler body 10 and water 152 Part of this is used as cooling water for the desulfurizer 40, and the rest of the water content 152 is heated by the reheater 160 to be used as atomizing steam for the boiler burner 8 or steam for the boiler soot blow 9.

However, in the conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus provided with such a dehydration system,
There were problems with the following points. (1) Regarding the dehydration of the heavy oil emulsion fuel, since the whole oil water 141 in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is evaporated and dehydrated, the heat quantity corresponding to the heat of vaporization required for the dehydration is very large. As a result, the thermal efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler plant becomes poor. (2) The heavy oil fuel obtained by dehydrating the heavy oil emulsion fuel has a characteristic that the flammability peculiar to the heavy oil is poor.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus, the present invention provides a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus that uses a heavy oil emulsion fuel. Dehydration performed to prevent a decrease in combustion efficiency in the combustion furnace due to water content is performed by a liquid-liquid separator in addition to the conventional operation of heating and evaporating to perform dehydration. At the same time, it prevents the decrease in the thermal efficiency of the plant and eliminates the poor combustibility of heavy fuel oil by atomizing the oil droplets during combustion, significantly improving the thermal efficiency of the plant, An object of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus that can improve power generation efficiency by a high quality oil emulsion fuel burning plant.

[0012]

For this reason, the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the first aspect of the present invention has the following means. (1) The heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated, dehydrated by the evaporator, and the dehydrated heavy oil fuel is used as the fuel for the combustion furnace.
At least a part of the dehydrated water is sent to the water utilization system of the combustion furnace, and is used as a substitute for the water that was conventionally supplied from other fuels. A liquid-liquid separator for dewatering light oil and water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel sent to the heater is provided between the fuel tank and the heater, and the water and light oil in the heavy oil emulsion fuel are provided. After separating a part of the oil-water, it is further dehydrated by evaporation with a heater and an evaporator to separate the oil-water remaining in the heavy-oil emulsion fuel and supply it to the combustion furnace as fuel. I chose

As a result, part of the dehydration in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is carried out by liquid-liquid separation, and this dehydration does not require heat of vaporization, so the heavy oil emulsion fuel is burned in the combustion furnace. It is possible to reduce the total amount of heat required for dehydration performed to obtain the heavy oil fuel, and improve the thermal efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired plant.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above-mentioned means (1). (2) As described above, since the heavy oil fuel that is dehydrated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel and burned in the combustion furnace is viscous,
It is necessary to raise the temperature to 190 ° C for bitumen and 230 ° C for asphalt in order to obtain atomization characteristics comparable to those of heavy oil (95 ° C atomization temperature). Further, the heavy oil fuel is an oil that originally has a large amount of residual carbon and has poor combustibility. Therefore, in order to improve the combustibility of the heavy oil fuel recovered by dehydrating the heavy oil emulsion fuel, the boiling atomization phenomenon of minute water droplets is used to make the oil droplets atomized in the combustion furnace ( It is desired that the surface area of the oil droplets be increased and the burnout be improved by further atomizing (about 100 μm).

Therefore, it is preferable to leave a necessary amount of water in the heavy oil fuel that is dehydrated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel and supplied to the combustion furnace.
-10 wt%, preferably 1-5 wt%. In addition,
The amount of water left in the heavy oil fuel may be left during dehydration, or may be made to be a preferable amount of water by adding water to the heavy oil fuel dehydrated to a desired amount or less. As a result, the heavy oil fuel having poor combustibility can be used as a fuel that burns out well.

Further, the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the third aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (1) and (2). (3) In order to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel so that the heavy oil emulsion fuel is effectively dehydrated in the liquid-liquid separator, the heavy oil emulsion fuel is reduced between the fuel tank and the liquid-liquid separator. A preheater was provided so that the heavy oil emulsion fuel was heated to 50 ° C. or higher, more preferably 70 ° C. or higher, and fed to the liquid-liquid separator. As a result, the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel fed to the liquid-liquid separator is lowered, the oil water is easily separated, and the dehydration effect in the liquid-liquid separator that does not depend on heating can be improved. .

The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the fourth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the means of (3) above. (4) To increase the oil droplet size in the heavy oil emulsion fuel that has been heated by the preheater and has reduced viscosity so that the heavy oil emulsion fuel is effectively dehydrated in the liquid-liquid separator. , Between the preheater and the liquid-liquid separator, an orifice, or a line blender consisting of a turbine mixer, a colloid mill, a high shear type stirring device such as a homogenizer, etc. is provided, and the heavy oil emulsion fuel is stirred, Shearing force was applied to feed into the liquid-liquid separator.

As a result, due to the synergistic effect of the decrease in viscosity due to the heating of the preheater and the increase in the oil droplet diameter, the oil-water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is more easily separated,
The dehydration effect in the liquid-liquid separator can be further improved.

Further, the heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus of the fifth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (1) to (4). (5) A part of the separated water composed of heavy oil and oil water separated by the liquid-liquid separator in order to reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied from the fuel tank to the liquid-liquid separator. Was provided with a reflux line for injecting into the heavy oil emulsion fuel, and the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied to the liquid-liquid separator was adjusted by injecting this separated water. It is more preferable to inject the separated water into the heavy oil emulsion fuel of the oil water on the upstream side of the line blender.

As a result, the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied to the liquid-liquid separator can be reduced, and the viscosity can be adjusted so that the dehydration efficiency in the liquid-liquid separator is good.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus of the sixth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (1) to (5). (6) The separated water separated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel by the liquid-liquid separator is separated into water, light oil and heavy oil, respectively, and the oil concentration in the separated water is finally determined. 10 ppm or less, more preferably 1 ppm
The following oil-water separator was provided. The oil-water separator is
In addition to the conventional light oil separation device, it is preferable to have a heavy oil separation device and an oil adsorption tower. In addition, the heavy oil separated by the oil-water separator is recirculated into the heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied from the liquid-liquid separator to the heater, and the light oil is used as fuel for ignition torch. Therefore, it is preferable to improve the combustion efficiency.

As a result, the light oil and heavy oil dewatered by the liquid-liquid separator can be used as fuel, the combustion efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel burning plant can be improved, and the water content of the water utilization system can be improved. As a result, the water separated by the oil-water separator can be used, and it is not necessary to supply the water from the outside to the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler plant.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus of the seventh aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the means of (6) above. (7) In order to send the water separated from the oil / water by the oil / water separator to the wet dewatering device so that it can be used as utility water such as desulfurized oil, a film of inorganic salts such as magnesiu salt contained in the water A salt concentrator for concentration and separation by a separation method, an electrolysis method or the like was provided. As a result, the purity of the water dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator can be increased, it can be used efficiently for utility without the need for water quality adjustment, and the concentrated water in which the inorganic salts separated from the water are concentrated can be used. Become.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus according to the eighth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the means (7). (8) In order to adjust the specific gravity of oil water during liquid-liquid separation of heavy oil emulsion fuel, or to prevent high temperature corrosion of a combustion furnace that burns dehydrated heavy oil fuel, inorganic salts are concentrated with a salt concentrator, An injection line was provided for injecting the concentrated water separated from the water into the heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied from the fuel tank to the liquid-liquid separator. It is preferable to inject the concentrated water into the heavy oil emulsion fuel before it is sent to the line blender.

As a result, the salt concentration of the heavy oil fuel fed to the combustion furnace is adjusted, damage to the combustion furnace due to combustion can be prevented, and the specific gravity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel during liquid-liquid separation is adjusted. Thus, the efficiency of liquid-liquid separation can be improved. Further, by injecting before the line blender, the liquid-liquid separator is supplied with the heavy oil emulsion fuel having a specific gravity of a size convenient for separation.

The emulsion combustion apparatus of the ninth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the means (7). (9) The water separated by the oil-water separator and further freed from the inorganic salts by the salt concentrator is supplied to the wet dewatering device. In addition, the water separated by the light oil separator can be supplied to the wet desulfurization device in the same manner as in the conventional case.

As a result, it is possible to dispense with the water supply that had to be supplied from the outside to the wet degassing device, and the adjustment of the water component that was necessary for the water supply.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus according to the tenth aspect of the present invention is, in addition to the above means (1) to (9),
The following means were adopted. (10) The amount of oil water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator is approximately the same as the amount of oil water required for the combustion furnace in the water utilization system, and the amount of oil water is evaporated by the heater. A liquid-liquid separator was provided, which can be adjusted to allow dehydration up to 5-15% obtained by.

As a result, only the steam for the atomizer of the combustion furnace and the steam for soot blowing, which require water in the vapor state in the water utilization system, are heated by the heater and the de-steam separated by the evaporator is used. Therefore, the heat of vaporization required for dehydration of heavy oil emulsion fuel is minimized, and the heat of vaporization used for dehydration is fully utilized, improving the thermal efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired plant. You can In addition, the water separated by the light oil separator was heated by the reheater in the state of steam and supplied to the combustion furnace, but it can be directly supplied from the evaporator. In addition to being unnecessary, a heat source for reheating becomes unnecessary.

The eleventh invention of heavy oil emulsion combustion according to the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (1) to (10). (11) A heavy oil emulsion fuel dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator and supplied to the heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated by a heater to be provided with an evaporator for dehydration. Two
% Or less, preferably 1% or less, and it is made into a heavy oil fuel and stored in a storage tank.

With this, it is possible to prevent the vapor lock from being generated in the supply pipe when the heavy oil fuel is supplied to the combustion furnace, and to supply a stable amount of the heavy oil fuel to the combustion furnace. The efficiency can be improved.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus of the twelfth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the means (11). (12) Of the dewatered steam that is the oily water in the form of water dehydrated by the evaporator, the remaining dewatered water is sent to the heater, excluding a part of the dewatered water that is supplied to the combustion furnace as steam for atomizers and the like. A light oil separator was provided as a heating medium for the heavy oil emulsion fuel to be supplied to a condenser for use in heating, and for separating oil water condensed into a liquid into water and light oil.

The de-steam, which is a gaseous oily water dehydrated by evaporative dehydration, is used for the soot-blowing steam used intermittently in the combustion furnace and for spraying the heavy oil fuel, as described above. The oil-water content in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is adjusted by the liquid-liquid separator and fed to the heater so that the amount of vapor is substantially equal to the atomizing vapor. Therefore, the capacities of the evaporator and the light oil separator may be those that can evaporate and separate the oil-water when the amount of steam supplied to the combustion furnace is maximum.

As a result, the steam that was conventionally generated by heating the water by the reheater and supplied to the fuel furnace is replaced by de-steaming, and the steam is supplied to the combustion furnace whose supply amount varies. Almost all the heat of vaporization of steam will be recovered, and the water and light oil separated by the light oil / water separator can be used, and the plant efficiency can be improved.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus according to the 13th aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (1) to (12). (13) The oil-water contained in the heavy oil fuel that is dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator and the evaporator and is supplied to the combustion furnace forms a water-in-oil emulsion, and the particle diameter of the oil-water emulsion is The thickness is 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less. The amount of oil moisture left in the heavy oil fuel to form the water-in-oil emulsion is 0.5 to 10%, preferably 1 to 5%.

As a result, the atomized state of the heavy oil fuel combusted in the combustion furnace is improved, and the combustibility of the heavy oil fuel having poor combustibility is improved.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus according to the 14th aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above-mentioned means (13). (14) In order to form a water-in-oil emulsion in the oil water contained in the heavy oil fuel, the heavy oil fuel is supplied to the combustion furnace from the circulation line for circulating the heavy oil fuel in the storage tank or the storage tank. The supply line was equipped with a high-shear turbine mixer for adding high shear to the heavy oil fuel, a line blender such as a colloid mill and a homogenizer, or a high-shear addition device including an orifice or a valve.

As a result, the nonuniformity of water droplet size and water content in the heavy oil fuel supplied to the combustion furnace is corrected to 100 μm.
Hereinafter, a water-in-oil emulsion having a uniform particle size of preferably 50 μm or less is formed, and the flammability of heavy oil fuel is improved.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus of the fifteenth aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (13) and (14). (15) To promote the atomization of the particle size of the water-in-oil emulsion formed in the oil-water contained in the heavy fuel oil,
A surfactant was added to the heavy oil fuel. The surfactant may be added to the heavy oil fuel that circulates in the circulation line or may be supplied to the heavy oil fuel that is supplied to the combustion furnace in the supply line. Also in the case of, it is preferable to add at the upstream side of the high shear addition device installed in these lines.

The heavy oil emulsion combustion apparatus according to the 16th aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above means (15). (16) Nonionic surface active agents represented by polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ethers (HLB1 to 20) in order to promote atomization of water-in-oil emulsion in heavy oil fuel and stabilize water droplets. A small amount (0.5% or less) of the agent was added. The surfactant may be a single substance or a mixture of different substances as long as it is a substance that promotes water-in-oil type emulsion formation at low cost. good.

As a result, the particle size of the water-in-oil emulsion of the heavy oil fuel is made uniform and atomized, and the flame retardancy of the heavy oil fuel is eliminated.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the 17th aspect of the present invention has the following means in addition to the above-mentioned means (15). (17) Into the heavy oil fuel, the water separated by the oil water separator or the light oil separator, or the concentrated water in which the inorganic salts are concentrated by the salt concentrator is added through the circulation line or the supply line. I chose When the dehydrated heavy oil fuel is exposed to the high temperature of atomization conditions in the combustion furnace, the water content contained
In order to evaporate, it is necessary to pressurize above the saturated vapor pressure.
Therefore, it is best to carry out the moisture adjustment and atomization in the heavy oil tank circulation line or the fuel supply line.

As a result, the state of atomization of the heavy oil fuel burned in the combustion furnace is improved, and the combustibility of the heavy oil fuel is eliminated.

In addition to the above means (1) to (17), the 18th dendritic oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention has the following means. (18) The above-described combustion furnace is used as a boiler, a gasification furnace, or a combustion furnace that burns a liquid organic substance to generate heat energy.

As described above, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, the water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is not only dehydrated by evaporative dehydration by an evaporator, but also dehydrated by a liquid-liquid separator. By doing so, the heavy oil emulsion fuel can be dehydrated with a small amount of heat so that the efficiency of the combustion furnace is not deteriorated, and the thermal efficiency of the heavy oil emulsion fuel burning plant can be improved.

The dehydrated water is also used as a steam for atomizing in a combustion furnace or as a water necessary for a wet desulfurization device as a substitute for the water that needs to be supplied from others, and is separated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel together with the water. Since the light oil content and the heavy oil content that are generated are also used as fuel, the efficiency of the entire combustion furnace is improved.

[0047]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. In the following embodiments, the same components as those of the conventional device shown in FIG. 5 are designated by the same reference numerals for simplification of description. (First Embodiment) First, the first embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 will be described. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 is provided with the same dehydration system as that of the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 5 described above. A liquid-liquid separation process and an oil-water separation process are added to the conventional dehydration system shown in FIG.

Among them, in the liquid-liquid separation step, a preheater 401 and an orifice 402 liquid-liquid separator 403 are arranged in a line for supplying from the fuel tank 100 to the heater 110 for heating the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101. It is composed of The heavy oil emulsion fuel 10 sent from the heavy oil emulsion fuel manufacturer and stored in the fuel tank 100.
1 is sent through a pump (not shown) to the preheater 4
It is heated at 01. In this case, the heating temperature is 50 ° C or higher, preferably 70 ° C or higher.

Next, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 1 after heating
01 is sheared through orifice 402,
As a result, the water content of the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 and the particle size of the oil water consisting of the light oil are increased.
Further, as the high shear type stirring means for shearing the heavy oil emulsion fuel, a line blender such as a turbine mixer, a colloid mill and a homogenizer shown in FIG. 2 may be provided in addition to the orifice.

Next, the liquid-liquid separator 403 is passed through,
5-15% of oil water in heavy oil emulsion fuel 101
It is dehydrated to some extent and supplied to the condenser 140 provided on the upstream side of the heater 110. In this way, the liquid-liquid separator 403 adjusts the amount of oil water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel to 5
By setting the content to ˜15%, in the evaporator 120 described later, it is sufficient to dehydrate the atomizer steam required for the combustion furnace and the oil water required for the suit blowing steam as de-steam 121, and evaporate the oil water. The amount of heat required for dehydration can be reduced.

On the other hand, the liquid-liquid separator 403 separates the water 152, the light oil 151, and partly the heavy oil 406.
The separated water 404 containing water is passed through a heavy oil separator 407, a light oil separator 408, an oil water separator consisting of an oil adsorption tower 409, and a salt concentrator 410, and finally a water content of 152
The oil content therein is set to 10 ppm or less, preferably 1 ppm or less, and the inorganic salts in the water 152 are separated and stored in the water tank 155. Concentrated water 413 that has passed through the salt concentrator 410, concentrated inorganic salts, and stored in the salt concentration tank 412 will be described in an embodiment below. In addition, the light oil 1 separated by the light oil separator 408
51 is stored in the light oil tank 154 and stored in the boiler main body 10
Used as fuel for ignition torches.

The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 from which a part of water and light oil has been removed by the liquid-liquid separator 403, the heavy oil 406 separated by the heavy oil separator 407 which constitutes an oil / water separator, After they are combined by the reflux line 405, they pass through the condenser 140, the heater 110, and the evaporator 120, are heated and dehydrated, and are sent to the storage tank 130.

This heat dehydration is performed in the same manner as that shown in FIG. 5, but as described above, the evaporator 12 is used.
The dewatered steam 121 at the time of dehydration of 0 is directly supplied to the combustion furnace of the boiler body 10, and only the surplus dewatered steam is condensed in the condenser 140.
The heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 is heated by the oil 141
Becomes By this heating / evaporating operation, the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 has water and light oil removed so that the fraction at 200 ° C. or lower is 2% or less, preferably 1% or less,
The heavy oil fuel 131 is supplied to the combustion furnace.

The oil water 141 which has undergone heat exchange with the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator 403 in the condenser 140 is sent to the light oil separator 150 and separated by the light oil separator 150. The light oil 151 is transferred to the above-described light oil tank 154, and the water 152 is transferred to the oil adsorption tower 40.
After the oil is removed at 9 ', it is sent to the water tank 155 described above.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 will be described. (Second Embodiment) In this embodiment, in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a part of the separated water 404 separated by the liquid-liquid separator 403 is fed through a reflux line 405 to the liquid-
A salt concentration tank 412, which is installed on the upstream side of the liquid separator 403, circulates upstream of the line blender 415 and stores concentrated water 413 of the inorganic salts separated from the water 152 by the salt concentrator 410, and an injection line 430. The concentrated water 413 is injected upstream of the line blender 415. This can reduce the viscosity of the heavy oil emulsion fuel 101 at the time of liquid-liquid separation.

Next, FIGS. 3 and 4 show an apparatus for adjusting the property of the heavy oil fuel 131 which is heated by the heater 110, dehydrated by the evaporator 120 and supplied to the combustion furnace. (Third Embodiment) In FIG. 3, a circulation line 423 is provided.
Via the circulation pump 420, the line blender 421, and the high shear turbine mixer 422 provided in the storage tank 1
The heavy oil fuel 131 in 30 is circulated in the circulation line 423, and the water 15 from the water tank 155 or the salt concentrated water tank 412 is provided on the upstream side of the line blender 421.
2, or concentrated water 413, and polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether (H
An additive such as a nonionic surfactant 426 such as LB1 to 20) is injected. Of these, surfactant 4
26 is injected so that the weight of the heavy oil fuel is 0.5% or less.

As a result, the water content in the heavy oil fuel supplied to the combustion furnace becomes 0.5 to 10%, preferably 1 to 5%, and the particle size of water-in-oil droplets is 100 μm or less, preferably A water-in-oil emulsion of 50 μm or less can be prepared. In addition, the heavy oil fuel 131 is provided by the line blender 421 and the high shear turbine mixer 422 such as an orifice or a high shear stirrer provided in the circulation line 423.
The atomization of water in the inside is promoted, and the nonuniformity of water is eliminated. Further, by introducing the concentrated water 413 from the salt concentrated water tank 412 or the activator aqueous solution 426 from the additive tank 425 on the upstream side of the line blender 421, the properties in the heavy oil fuel 131 can be further adjusted. Go ahead. (Fourth Embodiment) In FIG. 4, a storage tank 130 is shown.
A line blender 421 and a high-shear turbine mixer 422 are provided in a line for feeding the heavy oil fuel 131 from the boiler 10 to the boiler 10, and water from the water tank 155 or the salt concentrated water tank 412 is provided upstream of the line blender 421. 1
52 or the concentrated water 413 and the surfactant from the additive tank 425 are injected to adjust the properties of the heavy oil fuel 131, and then the heavy oil fuel 131 is fed to the boiler 10 as it is.

The present invention has been specifically described above based on the illustrated embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the claims, the invention is not limited to the constitution. It goes without saying that various changes may be made.

[0059]

As described above, in the heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to the present invention, the heavy oil emulsion fuel as a fuel is dehydrated and then fed to the combustion furnace, and at least a part of the dehydrated water content is supplied. In the one configured to feed to the water utilization system of the boiler, since the heavy oil emulsion fuel dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator is heated and dehydrated, the heat amount required for dehydration is reduced, Water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel fed to the heavy oil emulsion fuel-fired boiler can be reduced, and the efficiency of the boiler can be improved.

Further, according to the present invention, since the heavy oil fuel is made to contain the atomized water droplets and supplied to the boiler, the combustibility of the heavy oil fuel in the combustion furnace is greatly improved. To be done.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 2 is a system diagram of a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 3 is a system diagram showing an example of a fuel property adjustment system in the first and second embodiments of the present invention,

FIG. 4 is a system diagram showing another configuration example of the fuel property adjusting system in the first embodiment of the present invention,

FIG. 5 is a system diagram of a conventional heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 8 Boiler Burner 9 Suit Blower 10 Boiler Main Body 11 Boiler Exhaust Gas 20 Denitration Device 30 Dedusting Device 40 Wet Desulfurization Device 50 Chimney 100 Fuel Tank 101 Heavy Oil Emulsion Fuel 110 Heater 120 Evaporator 121 Desteaming 130 Storage Tank 131 Heavy Oil Fuel 140 Condenser 141 Oil Water 150 Light Oil Separator 151 Light Oil Content 152 Moisture 153 Steam for Combustion Furnace 154 Light Oil Tank 155 Water Tank 160 Reheater 401 Preheater 402 Orifice 403 Liquid-Liquid Separator 404 Separation Water 405 (Heavy Oil Content ) Reflux line 406 Heavy oil 407 Heavy oil separator as an oil / water separator 408 Light oil separator as an oil / water separator 409 Oil adsorption tower 410 as an oil / water separator 410 Salt concentrator 411 (Heavy oil) reflux line 412 Salt concentration tank 41 Concentrated water 414 (concentrated water) injection line 415 (for heavy oil emulsion fuel) line blender 420 Circulation pump 421 (for heavy oil fuel) line blender 422 High shear turbine mixer 423 Circulation line 425 Additive tank 426 Surfactant 430 (concentrated water) injection line 431 Moisture supply line

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Ogata 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi Nagasaki Research Institute, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (72) Inventor Tsutomu Hashimoto 5-717-1, Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-shi Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. Nagasaki Research Institute (72) Inventor Shozo Kaneko 2-5-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Sanryo Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.

Claims (18)

[Claims] 1. A heavy oil emulsion fuel is heated by a heater, dehydrated by an evaporator and then fed to a combustion furnace for combustion, and at least a part of the dehydrated water is utilized in the combustion furnace. In a heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus configured to supply the heavy oil emulsion fuel to a system, a part of oil water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel is dehydrated to a line for supplying the heavy oil emulsion fuel from a fuel tank to the heater. A heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device, characterized in that a liquid-liquid separator is provided. 2. The heavy oil fuel dehydrated from the heavy oil emulsion fuel in the liquid-liquid separator and the evaporator and fed to the combustion furnace has a water content of 0.5 to 10 wt%, preferably 0.5 to 10 wt%. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the content is 1 to 5 wt%. 3. A preheater for heating the heavy oil emulsion fuel to 50 ° C. or higher, preferably 70 ° C. or higher is provided in a line for supplying the heavy oil emulsion fuel from the fuel tank to the liquid-liquid separator. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that. 4. A line blender for stirring the heavy oil emulsion fuel and applying a shearing force to the line for supplying the heavy oil emulsion fuel from the preheater to the liquid-liquid separator. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device according to claim 3. 5. A part of the separated water dewatered from the heavy oil emulsion fuel in the liquid-liquid separator is injected from a fuel tank into a line for supplying the heavy oil emulsion fuel to the liquid-liquid separator. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a reflux line is provided. 6. The separated water separated by the liquid-liquid separator is separated into water, light oil and heavy oil, and the final oil concentration in the separated water is 10 ppm or less, preferably 1 ppm or less. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising an oil water separator. 7. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion according to claim 6, further comprising a salt concentrator for concentrating the inorganic salts in the water separated from the oil water by the oil water separator to separate it from the water. apparatus. 8. An injection line for injecting concentrated water, which is obtained by concentrating inorganic salts separated from water in the salt concentrator, into a heavy oil emulsion fuel supplied from a fuel tank to a liquid-liquid separator. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device according to claim 7. 9. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a water supply line for supplying the water, from which the inorganic salts have been separated by the salt concentrator, to the wet dewatering device. 10. The heavy oil emulsion fuel dehydrated by the liquid-liquid separator and supplied to the heater has an oil water concentration of 5 to 15%. 9. Heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device. 11. The ratio of oil water in the heavy oil fuel obtained by dehydrating the oil water in the heavy oil emulsion fuel heated by the heater by the evaporator is 2% or less, preferably 1% or less. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that. 12. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising a light oil separator for separating oil water dehydrated by the evaporator into water and light oil. 13. The water-in-oil emulsion of 100 μm or less, preferably 50 μm or less, of the oil-water in the heavy oil fuel at the time of supplying to the combustion furnace forms a water-in-oil emulsion. Heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion equipment. 14. A circulation line provided to circulate the heavy oil fuel in a storage tank for storing the heavy oil fuel,
Alternatively, the fuel oil supply line for supplying the heavy oil fuel from the storage tank to the combustion furnace is provided with a high shear addition device for applying high shear to the heavy oil fuel, and the heavy oil emulsion according to claim 13. Fuel combustion device. 15. An additive tank for adding to the heavy oil fuel a surfactant that promotes homogenization and atomization of the particle size of the water-in-oil emulsion formed in the heavy oil fuel. 15. The method according to claim 13 or claim 14, characterized by being provided.
Heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device. 16. The heavy oil according to claim 15, wherein a nonionic surfactant is used as the surfactant, and an amount of 0.5 wt% or less is added to the heavy oil fuel. Emulsion fuel combustion device. 17. The water separated by the oil / water separator or the concentrated water obtained by concentrating inorganic salts from the water in the salt concentrator is added to the circulation line or the fuel supply line. Item 14. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion device according to item 14. 18. The heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion furnace is a boiler, a gasification furnace, or a combustion furnace that uses a liquid organic substance as a fuel.