KR100254381B1 - Method of reducing hazardous gas at cold start - Google Patents

Method of reducing hazardous gas at cold start Download PDF

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KR100254381B1
KR100254381B1 KR1019970036137A KR19970036137A KR100254381B1 KR 100254381 B1 KR100254381 B1 KR 100254381B1 KR 1019970036137 A KR1019970036137 A KR 1019970036137A KR 19970036137 A KR19970036137 A KR 19970036137A KR 100254381 B1 KR100254381 B1 KR 100254381B1
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time
catalyst
engine
cold start
exhaust gas
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KR1019970036137A
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Korean (ko)
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KR19990012661A (en
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김충공
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정몽규
현대자동차주식회사
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A harmful exhaust gas reducing method in case of cold start is provided to sacrifice a part of engine output to activate a catalyst in an earlier stage, thereby reducing an amount of harmful exhaust gas generated in an initial time of cold start. CONSTITUTION: A harmful exhaust gas reducing method in case of cold start includes the steps of checking whether a starting temperature of an engine is lower than a threshold value or not after preheating preparation time from the engine starting, finishing the control if the engine starting temperature is higher than the threshold value or operating a variable valve timing unit for a catalyst preheating time to advance an exhaust valve open time by a predetermined angle per 1 cycle if lower, and returning the exhaust valve open time to a normal state and finishing the control after the catalyst preheating time.

Description

냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법How to reduce harmful exhaust gas during cold start

본 발명은 엔진에서 발생된 배기 가스를 정화시켜 유해 배기 가스를 저감시키는 방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 냉시동 상태에서 촉매를 조기에 활성화시켜 배기가스가 저감되도록 한 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for reducing harmful exhaust gas by purifying exhaust gas generated in an engine, and more particularly, to a method for reducing harmful exhaust gas during cold start, in which an exhaust gas is reduced by early activating a catalyst in a cold start state. .

LA의 법규상 운전 모드중 FTP 모드는 차량의 배기 가스를 저감시키기 위해 촉매를 사용하도록 하고 있다. 즉, 차량에서 발생되는 배기 가스의 양이 일정량을 초과하지 않도록 촉매를 사용하여 배기 가스를 정화시키도록 하고 있다.Among LA's legal driving modes, FTP mode allows the use of catalysts to reduce vehicle emissions. That is, the exhaust gas is purified using a catalyst so that the amount of exhaust gas generated in the vehicle does not exceed a predetermined amount.

자동차에서 발생되는 배기 가스는 대부분이 인체에 무해한 이산화탄소와 수증기이다. 이들은 엔진으로 공급된 가솔린이 완전 연소되었을 경우 발생되는 것으로서, 어떠한 이유에 의해 불완전 연소가 될 경우 인체에 해로운 공해 물질이 발생된다.Most of the emissions generated by cars are carbon dioxide and water vapor, which are harmless to humans. These are generated when the gasoline supplied to the engine is completely burned, and when incomplete combustion is caused for some reason, pollutants harmful to the human body are generated.

엔진에서 발생되는 유해 물질의 대부분은 일산화탄소(CO)와 탄화수소 「HC」및 질소산화물(NOx)로 구분된다. 그 중 일산화탄소와 탄화수소는 가솔린이 불완전연소되었을 때 발생되고, 질소산화물은 엔진 내부의 온도가 1500℃ 이상이 되면 발생된다.Most of the harmful substances generated in engines are divided into carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons "HC" and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Among them, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are generated when gasoline is incompletely burned, and nitrogen oxides are generated when the temperature inside the engine reaches 1500 ° C or higher.

배기 가스 중의 유해 성분인 일산화탄소, 탄화수소 및 질소산화물의 배출 경향은 서로 상반된다. 즉, 공연비가 이론 공연비보다 적을 때는 질소산화물의 발생량이 감소되지만 일산화탄소 및 탄화수소는 증가된다. 또 이론 공연비보다 실제 공연비가 더 클 경우에는 질소산화물의 발생량이 증가되어 피크(peak)가 되고, 더 희박한 혼합기가 공급되면 질소산화물의 양은 감소되나 탄화수소의 양은 증가한다.Emission tendencies of the harmful components carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gas are mutually opposite. That is, when the air-fuel ratio is less than the theoretical air-fuel ratio, the amount of nitrogen oxides generated is reduced, but carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are increased. In addition, when the actual air-fuel ratio is larger than the theoretical air-fuel ratio, the amount of nitrogen oxides generated increases to become a peak, and when a thinner mixer is supplied, the amount of nitrogen oxides decreases but the amount of hydrocarbons increases.

이와 같이, 일산화탄소, 탄화수소 및 질소산화물의 발생량이 서로 상반되므로 유해 가스를 정화하기가 곤란하다. 이렇게 발생된 유해 가스를 무해한 가스로 만들어 대기중으로 방출하기 위한 방법은 두 가지가 있다. 하나는 엔진 자체에서 유해 가스의 발생 자체를 줄이는 방법이고, 다른 하나는 발생된 유해 가스가 대기중으로 방출되기 이전에 무해화하는 방법이다.As such, the generation amounts of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides are mutually opposite, and thus it is difficult to purify the noxious gas. There are two ways to make the harmful gases produced harmless and release them into the atmosphere. One is to reduce the generation of harmful gases in the engine itself, and the other is to harm the generated harmful gases before they are released into the atmosphere.

발생된 유해 가스를 무해화하는 방법은 유해 가스를 산화 또는 환원 반응을통해 무해 가스로 정화하는 방법이다. 일산화탄소와 탄화수소는 산화 반응을 통해 정화할 수 있고, 질소산화물은 환원 반응을 통해 정화할 수 있다. 따라서, 산화 촉매나 환원 촉매를 단독으로 사용하지 않고, 산화 및 환원 반응을 동시에 추구하는 3원 촉매를 사용하고 있다.The harmless gas generated is a method of purifying the harmful gas into a harmless gas through an oxidation or reduction reaction. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons can be purified through oxidation, and nitrogen oxides can be purified through reduction. Therefore, a three-way catalyst which simultaneously pursues oxidation and reduction reactions is used without using an oxidation catalyst or a reduction catalyst alone.

3원 촉매는 엔진에서 발생된 유해 가스를 정화하는데 있어서 매우 유효한 촉매라 할 수 있는데, 일정 온도 이상이 될 경우에만 활성화되는 단점이 있다.Three-way catalyst is a very effective catalyst for purifying the harmful gas generated in the engine, there is a disadvantage that is activated only when a certain temperature or more.

따라서, 종래의 엔진에서는 냉시동시와 같이 촉매 물질의 온도가 낮은 경우에는 활성화되기 까지의 시간이 오래 걸리므로 냉시동 초기에 유해 배기 가스의 배출량이 증대되어 FTP 모드를 만족하지 못하게 되는 문제점이 있다.Therefore, in the conventional engine, when the temperature of the catalyst material is low, such as during cold start, it takes a long time to be activated. Thus, there is a problem in that the emission of harmful exhaust gas is increased at the beginning of cold start, so that the FTP mode is not satisfied.

본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서, 촉매 물질을 예열하여 조기에 활성화시킴으로써 냉시동 상태라 하더라도 유해 배기 가스가 대량으로 배출되는 것을 방지할 수 있는 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, by preheating the catalyst material to early activation to reduce the harmful exhaust gas during cold start that can prevent a large amount of harmful exhaust gas even in the cold start state The purpose is to provide a method.

제1도는 본 발명에 의한 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법이 개략적으로 도시된 순서도이고,1 is a flow chart schematically showing a method for reducing harmful emissions during cold start according to the present invention,

제2도는 시간의 변화에 따른 엔진 온도의 변화가 도시된 도면이다.2 is a diagram showing a change in engine temperature with a change in time.

〈도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명〉<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

Ex. V/V : 배기 밸브 TDC : Top Dead Center(상사점)Ex. V / V: Exhaust Valve TDC: Top Dead Center

VVT : Variable Valve Timing(가변 밸브 타이밍) 장치VVT: Variable Valve Timing Device

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치가 구비된 차량의 밸브 제어 방법에 있어서, 엔진이 시동되고 예열 준비 시간이 경과된 후 엔진의 시동 온도가 규정치 이하인지를 확인하는 제1단계와, 엔진의 시동 온도가 규정치 이상이면 제어를 종료하고 규정치 이하이면 일정 정도의 촉매 예열 시간 동안 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치를 작동시켜 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 1사이클당 일정 각도씩 진각시키는 제2단계와, 촉매 예열 시간이 경과된 후 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 정상상태로 환원시키고 제어를 종료하는 제3단계로 구성된 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is a valve control method for a vehicle equipped with a variable valve timing device, the first step of checking whether the engine starting temperature is less than the prescribed value after the engine is started and the preheating preparation time has elapsed And a second step of operating the variable valve timing device for a predetermined catalyst preheating time by advancing the exhaust valve open time at a predetermined angle per cycle if the engine starting temperature is higher than the specified value, and controlling the catalyst for a predetermined catalyst preheating time. And a third step of reducing the exhaust valve open time to a normal state and ending the control after the preheating time has elapsed.

이하, 본 발명의 실시 예를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 상세하게 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

본 발명의 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이 엔진이 시동되고 예열 준비 시간인 10초가 경과된 후 엔진의 시동 온도가 30℃ 이하인지를 확인하는 제1단계와, 엔진의 시동 온도가 30℃ 이상이면 추가적인 밸브타이밍 제어를 실시하지 않고 30℃ 이하이면 촉매 예열 시간인 40초 동안 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치(VVT)를 작동시켜 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 1사이클당 5°씩 진각시키는 제2단계와, 촉매 예열 시간이 경과된 후 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 정상 상태로 환원시키고 밸브 타이밍 제어를 종료하는 제3단계로 구성된다.The method for reducing harmful emissions during cold start of the present invention includes a first step of checking whether the engine is started at a temperature of 30 ° C. or lower after the engine is started and 10 seconds of a preheating preparation time has elapsed, as shown in FIG. If the starting temperature is 30 ℃ or higher, no additional valve timing control is performed. If the starting temperature is 30 ℃ or lower, the variable valve timing device (VVT) is operated for 40 seconds, which is a catalyst preheating time, thereby advancing the exhaust valve open time by 5 ° per cycle. And a third step of reducing the exhaust valve open time to a normal state and ending the valve timing control after the catalyst preheating time has elapsed.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명의 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법은 엔진출력의 일부를 희생하여 촉매를 조기에 활성화시킴으로써 유해 배기 가스의 발생량을 저감시키게 된다.The method for reducing the harmful exhaust gas during cold start of the present invention configured as described above reduces the amount of harmful exhaust gas generated by activating the catalyst early at the expense of a part of the engine output.

엔진이 시동되고 약 10초가 경과되면 엔진의 시동 온도를 측정한다. 엔진의 시동 온도가 30℃ 이하일 경우에는 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치를 이용하여 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 5° 진각시켜 배기 밸브가 빨리 열리게 한다. 배기 밸브가 빨리 열리면 고온 상태의 연소 가스가 배기 파이프를 통해 촉매로 이동되므로 촉매의 온도가 빠르게 상승하게 된다. 이때, 예열 준비 시간으로 10초의 여유를 두는 이유는 엔진의 시동에 필요한 최대 출력을 갖도록 하기 위해서이다.Approximately 10 seconds after the engine has started, measure the engine's starting temperature. If the engine's starting temperature is 30 ° C or less, the valve opening time is advanced by advancing the exhaust valve open time by 5 ° using a variable valve timing device. When the exhaust valve opens quickly, the combustion gas at high temperature is transferred to the catalyst through the exhaust pipe, so that the temperature of the catalyst rises rapidly. At this time, the reason for allowing 10 seconds as the preheating preparation time is to have the maximum output required for starting the engine.

도 2는 시간의 변화에 따른 엔진 온도의 변화가 도시된 도면으로서, 배기 밸브 오픈 타임이 빨라지면 엔진의 연소열의 일부가 빠르게 배출되어 촉매를 예열시키는데 사용될 수 있음을 보여 준다.FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a change in engine temperature with a change in time, and shows that when the exhaust valve open time is faster, a part of the heat of combustion of the engine may be quickly discharged and used to preheat the catalyst.

시동 후 50초가 경과되면 촉매 예열을 중지하고 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 정상상태로 환원시킨다. 이는 촉매를 장시간 예열할 경우 촉매가 열화되어 그 기능을 정상적으로 발휘할 수 없기 때문이다.After 50 seconds have elapsed, the catalyst preheating is stopped and the exhaust valve open time is reduced to normal. This is because when the catalyst is preheated for a long time, the catalyst deteriorates and its function cannot be exerted normally.

이와 같이, 본 발명의 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법은 엔진 출력의 일부를 희생하여 촉매를 조기에 활성화시킴으로써 냉시동 초기에 발생되는 유해 배기가스의 양을 저감시킬 수 있는 이점이 있다.As described above, the method for reducing the harmful exhaust gas during cold start of the present invention has an advantage of reducing the amount of the harmful exhaust gas generated at the initial cold start by activating the catalyst early at the expense of a part of the engine output.

Claims (3)

가변 밸브 타이밍 장치가 구비된 차량의 밸브 제어 방법에 있어서, 엔진이 시동되고 예열 준비 시간이 경과된 후 엔진의 시동 온도가 규정치 이하인지를 확인하는 제1단계와, 엔진의 시동 온도가 규정치 이상이면 제어를 종료하고 규정치 이하이면 일정 정도의 촉매 예열 시간 동안 가변 밸브 타이밍 장치를 작동시켜 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 1사이클당 일정 각도씩 진각시키는 제2단계와, 촉매예열 시간이 경과된 후 배기 밸브 오픈 타임을 정상 상태로 환원시키고 제어를 종료하는 제3단계로 구성된 것을 특징으로 하는 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법.A valve control method for a vehicle equipped with a variable valve timing device, comprising: a first step of checking whether an engine starting temperature is lower than a prescribed value after an engine is started and a preheating preparation time has elapsed; When the control is terminated and below the prescribed value, the second step of advancing the exhaust valve open time by a certain angle per cycle by operating the variable valve timing device for a predetermined catalyst preheating time; and exhaust valve open time after the catalyst preheating time has elapsed. Reducing the exhaust gas to a steady state and terminating the control. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 예열 준비 시간은 10초가 적용되고, 시동 온도의 규정치는 30℃이며, 촉매 예열 시간은 40초가 적용된 것을 특징으로 하는 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the preheating preparation time is 10 seconds, the starting temperature is 30 deg. C, and the catalyst preheating time is 40 seconds. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2단계의 1사이클당 진각량은 5°인 것을 특징으로 하는 냉시동시 유해 배기 가스 저감 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the advancing amount per cycle of the second step is 5 degrees.
KR1019970036137A 1997-07-30 1997-07-30 Method of reducing hazardous gas at cold start KR100254381B1 (en)

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KR100397977B1 (en) * 2001-05-23 2003-09-19 현대자동차주식회사 Engine control method for eliminating emission during cold start and idle for a vehicle
KR20190043143A (en) 2016-10-03 2019-04-25 버브 서지컬 인크. Immersive 3D display for robotic surgery

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KR20020049261A (en) * 2000-12-19 2002-06-26 이계안 Method for controlling a continuously variable valve timing system during engine starting for a vehicle

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JPS62156108U (en) * 1986-03-26 1987-10-03

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JPS62156108U (en) * 1986-03-26 1987-10-03

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100397977B1 (en) * 2001-05-23 2003-09-19 현대자동차주식회사 Engine control method for eliminating emission during cold start and idle for a vehicle
KR20190043143A (en) 2016-10-03 2019-04-25 버브 서지컬 인크. Immersive 3D display for robotic surgery

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