JP2921158B2 - Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engineInfo
- Publication number
- JP2921158B2 JP2921158B2 JP3085430A JP8543091A JP2921158B2 JP 2921158 B2 JP2921158 B2 JP 2921158B2 JP 3085430 A JP3085430 A JP 3085430A JP 8543091 A JP8543091 A JP 8543091A JP 2921158 B2 JP2921158 B2 JP 2921158B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hydrogen
- exhaust gas
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- catalytic converter
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/206—Adding periodically or continuously substances to exhaust gases for promoting purification, e.g. catalytic material in liquid form, NOx reducing agents
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/04—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrogen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
- F01N3/38—Arrangements for igniting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
Description
【0001】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、内燃機関の排気浄化装
置に関するもので、特に排気通路に触媒コンバータを備
えた排気浄化装置における始動特性を改善するものであ
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine, and more particularly to improving the starting characteristics of an exhaust gas purifying apparatus provided with a catalytic converter in an exhaust passage.
【0002】[0002]
【従来の技術】一般に、三元触媒のような内燃機関の排
気浄化装置として使用される触媒コンバータは、始動後
しばらくの間は温度が低くて活性化されていないので、
十分に排気浄化作用を発揮することが出来ず、排気中の
炭化水素(HC)その他の有害物質を未処理のまま大気
中に放出する。これは大気汚染の一つの原因になり得る
ので、何らかの対策を講じる必要がある。実開昭47−
3110号公報に記載されている従来技術においては、
内燃機関の排気管に点火栓を設け、低温時に点火栓を動
作させて排気に再点火を行い、排気を再燃焼させて、そ
の熱により熱反応器を加熱して、急速に反応温度まで温
度上昇させるとしている。2. Description of the Related Art Generally, a catalytic converter such as a three-way catalyst, which is used as an exhaust gas purifying device for an internal combustion engine, is not activated due to a low temperature for a while after being started.
The exhaust gas purification function cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and hydrocarbons (HC) and other harmful substances in the exhaust gas are released into the atmosphere without any treatment. This can be one of the causes of air pollution, so some measures need to be taken. 47-
In the prior art described in Japanese Patent No. 3110,
An ignition plug is provided in the exhaust pipe of an internal combustion engine, and when the temperature is low, the ignition plug is operated to reignite the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas is reburned, and the heat reactor is heated by the heat, and the temperature is rapidly raised to the reaction temperature. It is going to rise.
【0003】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】排気は内燃機関の燃焼
室において一たん燃焼の終わったガスであるから、未燃
分を含んでいる場合でも、窒素、二酸化炭素、或いは水
等の不燃分に対する未燃分の濃度は高くないので、実際
には非常に着火しにくいガスであり、点火栓の放電によ
っても簡単には着火しない。したがって、前記の従来技
術においては、いつでも確実に排気に再着火させ得ると
いう保証がなく、排気の再燃焼が不完全になる場合が多
いと考えられ、未燃分のHC等は未処理のまま大気中に
放出されるし、排気の再燃焼熱により熱反応器を加熱し
て急速に温度上昇させるという前記従来技術の目的が十
分に達せられるとは考えられない。Since the exhaust gas is a gas that has just undergone combustion in the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine, even if the exhaust gas contains unburned components, the exhaust gas does not react with non-combustible components such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide or water. Since the concentration of unburned matter is not high, it is a gas that is very difficult to ignite in practice, and is not easily ignited even by discharge of a spark plug. Therefore, in the above-mentioned prior art, there is no guarantee that exhaust gas can be reliably reignited at any time, and it is considered that reburning of exhaust gas often becomes incomplete. The purpose of the prior art, which is released into the atmosphere and heats the thermal reactor by the heat of reburning the exhaust gas to rapidly increase the temperature, is not considered to be sufficiently achieved.
【0004】本発明は従来技術のこの問題に対処し、触
媒コンバータの温度が上昇して活性化するまでの間に、
HC等の可燃成分を触媒コンバータ以外の手段によって
確実に燃焼させ、大気中へそのまま放出されるのを阻止
すると共に、触媒コンバータが迅速に暖機されて、でき
るだけ早く排気浄化作用をもつようにするための有効な
手段を提供することを、発明が解決しようとする課題と
している。[0004] The present invention addresses this problem of the prior art and provides a means for the catalytic converter to be heated and activated during a period of time.
Combustible components such as HC are reliably burned by means other than the catalytic converter to prevent the combustible components from being directly released into the atmosphere, and the catalytic converter is quickly warmed up and has an exhaust gas purifying action as soon as possible. It is an object of the present invention to provide an effective means for achieving this.
【0005】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は前記課題の解決
を目的として、排気を浄化するために排気通路に触媒コ
ンバータを備えている内燃機関に設けられ、前記触媒コ
ンバータの上流側の排気通路に供給するための水素を発
生させる水素発生手段と、前記水素発生手段と前記排気
通路に設けられる水素の流入開口との間を結ぶ水素供給
手段と、前記排気通路の前記水素の流入開口付近に追加
の空気を供給する空気供給手段と、前記排気通路内に供
給される水素に点火して着火・燃焼させるために前記水
素の流入開口付近に設けられる強制的な点火手段と、前
記触媒コンバータの触媒の温度が所定値以下のとき前記
各手段を作動させる制御手段を備えている内燃機関の排
気浄化装置を提供する。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is provided in an internal combustion engine provided with a catalytic converter in an exhaust passage for purifying exhaust gas, and an exhaust passage upstream of the catalytic converter. Hydrogen generating means for generating hydrogen for supply to the hydrogen supply means, a hydrogen supply means connecting between the hydrogen generating means and a hydrogen inflow opening provided in the exhaust passage, and a hydrogen supply means near the hydrogen inflow opening in the exhaust passage. and air supply means for supplying additional air, and forced ignition means provided in the inlet opening near the hydrogen to ignite to ignited and burnt in the hydrogen supplied to the exhaust passage, the catalytic converter Provided is an exhaust gas purifying apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprising: control means for operating each of the means when the temperature of a catalyst is equal to or lower than a predetermined value.
【0006】[0006]
【作用】内燃機関が始動されたときのように、触媒コン
バータが低温のときは、触媒が活性化していないので、
排気中の汚染物質を浄化する能力がないが、このときに
制御手段によって適量の水素が水素発生手段から水素供
給手段を経て排気通路の水素流入開口へ送られ、排気通
路内へ放出される。その水素は、空気供給手段から排気
通路内に送りこまれた空気と混合し、点火手段によって
強制的に点火されることによって確実に着火、燃焼し、
周囲の排気の温度を高めて排気中の未燃分を着火、燃焼
させ、HC等の汚染物質を無害化する。When the temperature of the catalytic converter is low, such as when the internal combustion engine is started, the catalyst is not activated.
Although there is no ability to purify pollutants in the exhaust, at this time, an appropriate amount of hydrogen is sent from the hydrogen generator to the hydrogen inlet of the exhaust passage through the hydrogen supply unit by the control unit, and is discharged into the exhaust passage. The hydrogen is mixed with air sent from the air supply means into the exhaust passage, and is ignited and burned by being forcibly ignited by the ignition means.
The temperature of the surrounding exhaust gas is increased to ignite and burn unburned components in the exhaust gas, thereby rendering pollutants such as HC harmless.
【0007】更に、排気通路において燃焼し高温となっ
た水素と排気の燃焼ガスが触媒コンバータに流入するこ
とによって、触媒が急速に加熱されてその温度が上昇
し、早期に活性化して、その触媒が対象とする汚染物質
を浄化するので、内燃機関は始動の直後から有害な汚染
物質を放出することがない。この場合、水素の代わりに
例えば通常の燃料を排気通路内へ供給すると、それが着
火する時まで有害な炭化水素(HC)が排出されるし、
着火した後も不完全燃焼が生じやすく、それによって炭
化水素や一酸化炭素等の有害物質が外部へ排出される。
これに対して本発明において排気通路内へ供給して点
火、燃焼させる水素は、燃料に比べて拡散性が良く非常
に燃焼し易いので、容易に完全燃焼をするためにそのま
ま外部へ排出される可能性が低いし、燃焼によって有害
な排出物を生じることもない。 Further, when the high temperature hydrogen and the combustion gas of the exhaust gas burned in the exhaust passage flow into the catalytic converter, the catalyst is rapidly heated and its temperature rises, and the catalyst is quickly activated and activated. The internal combustion engine does not emit harmful pollutants immediately after starting, because it purifies the pollutants of interest. In this case, instead of hydrogen
For example, when normal fuel is supplied into the exhaust passage, it
Hazardous hydrocarbons (HC) are emitted until the time of fire,
Even after ignition, incomplete combustion is likely to occur,
Hazardous substances such as hydrogen chloride and carbon monoxide are discharged to the outside.
On the other hand, in the present invention, the point
Fire and burned hydrogen are very diffusible compared to fuel
It is easy to burn completely, so it is easy to completely burn it.
It is unlikely to be emitted outside and is harmful by combustion
No significant emissions.
【0008】[0008]
【実施例】図1に本発明の1実施例のシステム構成を示
す。内燃機関10の排気通路12には触媒コンバータ1
4が接続され、その上流側には例えば電動エアポンプの
ような空気供給装置16から空気が供給されると共に、
水の電気分解装置のような水素発生装置18から、水素
が例えば電磁弁のような制御弁20を介して適時に適量
だけ供給されるようになっている。制御弁20は例えば
電子式制御装置(ECU)22の制御信号によって開閉
制御される。排気通路12に開口している水素の噴射ノ
ズル24の下流側には、火花点火栓或いはグロープラグ
のような点火栓26が設けられており、水素がノズル2
4から噴射されると同時に点火栓26が点火作用を行う
ように、ECU22の制御信号によって電気的に付勢さ
れる。ECU22には触媒コンバータ14の触媒床の温
度を検出する触媒温度センサ28、又は内燃機関10の
冷却水温を検出する水温センサ30等の出力信号が入力
されており、それらのデータに基づく演算結果が制御信
号として、前記のように水素の制御弁20や空気供給装
置16、点火栓26等へ出力される。FIG. 1 shows a system configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. The catalytic converter 1 is disposed in the exhaust passage 12 of the internal combustion engine 10.
4 is connected, and air is supplied to the upstream side from an air supply device 16 such as an electric air pump, for example.
An appropriate amount of hydrogen is supplied from a hydrogen generator 18 such as a water electrolyzer via a control valve 20 such as an electromagnetic valve in a timely manner. The opening and closing of the control valve 20 is controlled by a control signal of, for example, an electronic control unit (ECU) 22. An ignition plug 26 such as a spark ignition plug or a glow plug is provided on the downstream side of the hydrogen injection nozzle 24 that is open to the exhaust passage 12.
The ignition plug 26 is electrically energized by the control signal of the ECU 22 so that the ignition plug 26 performs the ignition action at the same time as the injection from the ignition plug 4. Output signals from the catalyst temperature sensor 28 for detecting the temperature of the catalyst bed of the catalytic converter 14 or the water temperature sensor 30 for detecting the cooling water temperature of the internal combustion engine 10 are input to the ECU 22. As described above, the control signal is output to the hydrogen control valve 20, the air supply device 16, the ignition plug 26 and the like.
【0009】次に、ECU22による水素の制御弁2
0、空気供給装置16及び点火栓26の具体的な制御例
を説明する。図2のフローチャートは触媒床温度によっ
て制御する場合のルーチンプログラム100を具体的に
例示し、図3はそれに先立って内燃機関10の制御を開
始するときに、プログラム100における初期値を設定
するためのルーチンプログラム200を例示している。
内燃機関10の運転制御が開始されると同時に、図3の
初期化ルーチンプログラム200が実行され、後述のよ
うに、水素と空気が排気通路12へ供給されているか否
かを示す指標であるフラグH2airflagの値がステップ2
01において0にリセットされ、水素を供給する制御弁
20がステップ202で、また、空気を供給する空気供
給装置16がステップ203で、更に、再点火を行う点
火栓26がステップ204で、それぞれECU22から
OFFの制御信号を与えられて遮断されることにより、
制御の初期状態となる。続いて図2の触媒暖機ルーチン
100が、例えば内燃機関10の1回転に1回の割合と
いうような短い時間間隔をおいて、内燃機関10の運転
制御のメインプログラムに割り込む形で繰り返し実行さ
れる。Next, the control valve 2 for hydrogen by the ECU 22
0, a specific control example of the air supply device 16 and the ignition plug 26 will be described. FIG. 2 is a flowchart specifically illustrating a routine program 100 in the case where the control is performed based on the catalyst bed temperature. FIG. 3 is a flowchart for setting an initial value in the program 100 when the control of the internal combustion engine 10 is started prior thereto. 2 illustrates a routine program 200.
At the same time that the operation control of the internal combustion engine 10 is started, the initialization routine program 200 of FIG. 3 is executed, and a flag which is an index indicating whether hydrogen and air are supplied to the exhaust passage 12 as described later. H 2 airflag value is step 2
In step 202, the control valve 20 for supplying hydrogen is reset to 0 in step 01, the air supply device 16 for supplying air is in step 203, and the spark plug 26 for re-ignition is in step 204. Is turned off by giving a control signal of OFF from
This is the initial state of control. Subsequently, the catalyst warm-up routine 100 shown in FIG. 2 is repeatedly executed at a short time interval such as one time per one revolution of the internal combustion engine 10 to interrupt the main program of the operation control of the internal combustion engine 10. You.
【0010】図2に示している触媒暖機ルーチンプログ
ラム100がスタートすると、最初にステップ101に
おいて、現在内燃機関10が始動状態にあるか否かが判
別される。「始動状態」は、内燃機関を始動するための
図示しないスタータスイッチがONになっているか否
か、即ち、スタータモータに通電されているか否かによ
って判別されるが、場合によっては、スタータスイッチ
が一時0Nになったあと既にOFFになっていても、内
燃機関10の回転数が所定の値に達するまでは、「始動
状態」としてもよい。When the catalyst warm-up routine program 100 shown in FIG. 2 is started, first, at step 101, it is determined whether or not the internal combustion engine 10 is currently in a starting state. The “starting state” is determined by whether or not a starter switch (not shown) for starting the internal combustion engine is turned on, that is, whether or not the starter motor is energized. Even if it has already been turned off after temporarily reaching 0N, the “starting state” may be set until the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 10 reaches a predetermined value.
【0011】内燃機関が「始動状態」であればステップ
102へ進み、現在、水素と空気が触媒コンバータ14
の上流側の排気通路12へ供給されているか否かが、フ
ラグH2airflagの値から判別される。フラグH2airflag
の値が1である水素と空気の供給状態ではこのルーチン
を終了するが、フラグH2airflagの値が0である、即ち
水素と空気が排気通路12へ供給されていないときは、
ステップ103に進んで温度センサ28の出力する触媒
床温度(温度センサ30が検出する機関の水温でもよ
い)の信号が所定値CTよりも大きいか否かが判別され
る。CTよりも大きいときは触媒コンバータ14が既に
暖機されており、それ自体が排気浄化機能を十分に有す
るため特別の手段を講じる必要がないので、直ちにこの
ルーチンを終了する。ステップ103において触媒床温
度が所定値CTよりも大きくないと判別されたときは、
排気中のHCなどの汚染物質が触媒コンバータ14を素
通りして大気中に放出されるので、何らかの対策を講じ
る必要がある。If the internal combustion engine is "starting", the routine proceeds to step 102, where hydrogen and air are
Is determined from the value of the flag H 2 airflag. Flag H 2 airflag
Is terminated when the value of the flag H 2 airflag is 0, that is, when hydrogen and air are not supplied to the exhaust passage 12,
Proceeding to step 103, it is determined whether or not the signal of the catalyst bed temperature (may be the engine water temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30) output from the temperature sensor 28 is larger than a predetermined value CT. If it is larger than CT, the catalytic converter 14 has already been warmed up and does not need to take any special measures because it has a sufficient exhaust gas purifying function. If it is determined in step 103 that the catalyst bed temperature is not higher than the predetermined value CT,
Since contaminants such as HC in the exhaust gas pass through the catalytic converter 14 and are released into the atmosphere, it is necessary to take some measures.
【0012】そこで本発明の特徴に対応して、ステップ
104ではECU22から点火栓26を電気的に付勢す
る制御信号が発せられ、点火栓26の火花放電を開始さ
せるか、又はグロープラグの場合は、通電によってそれ
を赤熱させる。次のステップ105では、ECU22の
制御信号によって空気供給装置16が駆動され、排気通
路12内に新鮮な空気を送り込む。更にステップ106
では、ECU22が制御弁20を開弁させる制御信号を
出して、水素発生装置18の水素をノズル24から排気
通路12内の点火栓26に向かって噴出させる。ノズル
24から噴射された水素は、空気供給装置16からの空
気と混じって点火栓26により容易に点火され、触媒コ
ンバータ14の上流の排気通路12内で燃焼することに
よって、周辺の排気の温度を著しく上昇させるので、比
較的着火しにくい排気中のHC等の可燃分にも着火が行
われて排気の再燃焼が開始される。そしてステップ10
7においては、水素噴射及び再点火実行中の指標である
フラグH2airflagを1としたあとルーチンを終わる。こ
のようにして、短時間の間に触媒コンバータ14の上流
側の排気通路12内に排気の再燃焼状態が確立し、排気
中のHC等の未燃分を燃焼させて排気を浄化する。Accordingly, in accordance with the characteristics of the present invention, in step 104, a control signal for electrically energizing the spark plug 26 is issued from the ECU 22 to start spark discharge of the spark plug 26, or in the case of a glow plug. Makes it glow red by energization. In the next step 105, the air supply device 16 is driven by the control signal of the ECU 22 to send fresh air into the exhaust passage 12. Step 106
Then, the ECU 22 issues a control signal to open the control valve 20 and causes the hydrogen of the hydrogen generator 18 to be ejected from the nozzle 24 toward the ignition plug 26 in the exhaust passage 12. The hydrogen injected from the nozzle 24 is mixed with the air from the air supply device 16 and easily ignited by the spark plug 26, and burns in the exhaust passage 12 upstream of the catalytic converter 14, thereby reducing the temperature of the surrounding exhaust gas. Since the temperature rises remarkably, flammable components such as HC in the exhaust gas, which are relatively difficult to ignite, are also ignited, and re-combustion of the exhaust gas is started. And step 10
At 7, the flag H 2 airflag, which is an index during the execution of hydrogen injection and reignition, is set to 1, and the routine ends. In this way, a reburn state of exhaust gas is established in the exhaust passage 12 on the upstream side of the catalytic converter 14 in a short time, and unburned components such as HC in the exhaust gas are burned to purify the exhaust gas.
【0013】図示しないスタータスイッチがOFFにな
り、内燃機関10の回転数が所定の値まで上昇すること
によって、ステップ101の判定結果が「始動状態」で
ないということになったときは、ステップ108に進ん
でフラグH2airflagが1であるか否かが判別される。フ
ラグH2airflagが1であるときはステップ109に進
み、内燃機関の始動後の経過時間が所定値T1 を越えた
か否かが判別される。所定値T1 を越えているときは、
ステップ110でECU22は制御弁20を閉弁させる
制御信号を出し、ノズル24から水素を噴射するのを停
止する。更に、ステップ111では点火栓26の電気的
付勢も解除する。しかし、排気通路12内の温度は既に
上昇していることにより、排気の再燃焼は確立している
ので、水素の供給や点火の停止によって直ちに燃焼が停
止することはない。When the starter switch (not shown) is turned off and the rotation speed of the internal combustion engine 10 rises to a predetermined value, the result of the determination in step 101 is that the engine is not in the "starting state", the process proceeds to step 108. It is determined whether the flag H 2 airflag is “1”. When the flag H 2 airflag is 1 proceeds to step 109, the elapsed time after start of the engine whether exceeds a predetermined value T 1 is is determined. When it exceeds the predetermined value T 1,
In step 110, the ECU 22 issues a control signal to close the control valve 20, and stops injecting hydrogen from the nozzle 24. Further, in step 111, the electrical bias of the ignition plug 26 is also released. However, since the temperature in the exhaust passage 12 has already risen, the reburning of the exhaust gas has been established, so that the combustion is not immediately stopped by the supply of hydrogen or the stop of the ignition.
【0014】図2の例ではステップ112において、内
燃機関の始動後の経過時間が第2の所定値T2 を越えて
いるか否かが判別される。所定の時間T2 が過ぎている
場合には、排気通路12内で燃焼した水素と再燃焼した
排気の熱によって触媒コンバータ14が加熱され、十分
に暖機されて活性化状態になっているから、触媒コンバ
ータ14は排気を浄化する能力を持っており、補助的な
手段を必要としなくなっている。そこで、ステップ11
3に進んで空気供給装置16の駆動を停止し、排気通路
12内へ空気を送り込むのも停止する。つまり、通常の
内燃機関の運転状態とする訳である。そして、ステップ
114では、フラグH2airflagを0にリセットして、ル
ーチンを終了する。ステップ108、109又は112
における判定結果のいずれかがNOであるときは直ちに
ルーチンを終え、後のステップを実行しないことにす
る。In the example shown in FIG. 2, in step 112, it is determined whether or not the elapsed time after the start of the internal combustion engine exceeds a second predetermined value T2. When the predetermined time T 2 has passed, the catalytic converter 14 is heated by the exhaust of the heat afterburning hydrogen burned in the exhaust passage 12. Particularly, since is sufficiently warmed up has become activated state In addition, the catalytic converter 14 has the ability to purify exhaust gas, and does not require auxiliary means. Therefore, step 11
Proceeding to 3, the driving of the air supply device 16 is stopped, and the sending of air into the exhaust passage 12 is also stopped. That is, the operating state of the internal combustion engine is set to a normal state. Then, in step 114, the flag H 2 airflag is reset to 0, and the routine ends. Step 108, 109 or 112
If any of the determination results in the above is NO, the routine is immediately terminated, and the subsequent steps are not executed.
【0015】この制御の結果を実施例について測定した
結果が図4に示されている。経過時間を横軸に、温度と
濃度を縦軸にとって、排出される排気中のHC濃度、温
度センサ28が検出する触媒コンバータ14の触媒床温
度、触媒コンバータ14の上流の排気の温度(特に、点
火栓26付近の再燃焼領域よりも更に上流の温度)、及
び触媒コンバータ14の出口における排気の温度のそれ
ぞれについて、時間的な変化が示されている。HC濃度
は内燃機関の始動時に瞬間的にスケールアウトするほど
高くなるが、すぐにノズル24から水素が噴射され点火
栓26が点火作用を行うことによって、排気通路12内
での再燃焼が始まると、HC濃度は急激に低下する。水
素を供給する時間T1 は、図示の例では10秒間として
いる。水素の供給を停止したあともHC濃度が低下し続
け、触媒床温度、及び触媒出口温度が上昇しているの
は、排気通路12内では排気の再燃焼が水素の供給停止
の後も続いており、それによって触媒コンバータ14の
暖機、活性化が行われていることを示している。その結
果、触媒コンバータ14自体の排気浄化機能が迅速に立
ち上がることになる。FIG. 4 shows the result of measuring the result of this control for the embodiment. With the elapsed time on the horizontal axis and the temperature and concentration on the vertical axis, the HC concentration in the exhaust gas discharged, the catalyst bed temperature of the catalytic converter 14 detected by the temperature sensor 28, and the temperature of the exhaust gas upstream of the catalytic converter 14 (particularly, Time changes are shown for each of the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the catalytic converter 14 and the temperature of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the catalytic converter 14). The HC concentration becomes so high that it instantaneously scales out when the internal combustion engine is started. However, immediately after hydrogen is injected from the nozzle 24 and the ignition plug 26 performs an ignition action, recombustion in the exhaust passage 12 starts. , The HC concentration drops sharply. The time T 1 for supplying hydrogen is set to 10 seconds in the illustrated example. The reason why the HC concentration continues to decrease even after the supply of hydrogen is stopped and the catalyst bed temperature and the catalyst outlet temperature are increased is that the reburning of exhaust gas continues in the exhaust passage 12 even after the supply of hydrogen is stopped. This indicates that the catalytic converter 14 is being warmed up and activated. As a result, the exhaust gas purifying function of the catalytic converter 14 itself starts up quickly.
【0016】[0016]
【発明の効果】本発明においては、触媒コンバータが排
気の浄化能力を持たない低温の内燃機関の始動時に、着
火性にすぐれた水素を触媒コンバータの上流側の排気通
路に供給し、更に空気を供給したうえ、強制的な点火手
段によって易燃性の水素に先に点火して排気通路内で燃
焼させるので、その熱により排気中の未燃分であるHC
等に燃焼を起こさせて無害化すると共に、高温となった
燃焼ガスを触媒コンバータに流入させて触媒を暖機し、
触媒を迅速に活性化させて触媒本来の排気浄化機能を早
期に発揮させることができる。According to the present invention, when starting a low-temperature internal combustion engine in which the catalytic converter does not have an exhaust gas purifying ability, hydrogen having excellent ignitability is supplied to the exhaust passage on the upstream side of the catalytic converter, and air is further supplied. Supply and forced ignition hands
Since burning in the exhaust passage to ignite earlier hydrogen flammability by the stage, which is unburned in the exhaust by the heat HC
In addition to causing combustion to make it harmless, the high temperature combustion gas flows into the catalytic converter to warm up the catalyst,
The catalyst can be quickly activated and the original exhaust gas purifying function of the catalyst can be exhibited at an early stage.
【0017】本発明によれば、触媒コンバータの上流側
の排気通路内へ通常の燃料ではなく水素を供給するの
で、燃料のように着火する時までに有害な炭化水素を排
出する恐れがないし、着火した後に不完全燃焼が生じて
炭化水素や一酸化炭素等の有害物質を外部へ排出すると
いう恐れもなく、水素は供給と同時に良く拡散すると共
に、点火手段の作用によってきわめて容易に着火して完
全燃焼するので、その熱によって排気を再燃焼させて触
媒コンバータの温度を急速に上昇させることができる。
従って、内燃機関の運転開始時から排気が清浄となるば
かりでなく、万一点火手段の故障等の原因によって、排
気通路に供給された水素が着火しないで放出されるよう
なことがあっても、水素は大気の汚染物質としては殆ど
問題にならないものであるから、有害な物質を外部へ排
出したり、燃焼によって有害な排出物を発生することが
なく、公害の原因となる恐れがない。いずれにしても、
本発明によれば従来の内燃機関よりも遙に低エミッショ
ンの内燃機関が得られる。 According to the present invention, the upstream side of the catalytic converter
Supply hydrogen instead of normal fuel into the exhaust passage
Emissions of harmful hydrocarbons by the time of ignition as fuel
There is no danger of fire and incomplete combustion occurs after ignition
When harmful substances such as hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide are discharged to the outside
Without fear, hydrogen diffuses well with the supply and
In addition, it is extremely easy to ignite
Since the entire combustion occurs, the exhaust gas is reburned by the heat and touched.
The temperature of the medium converter can be rapidly increased.
Therefore, not only is the exhaust gas cleaned from the start of operation of the internal combustion engine, but even if hydrogen supplied to the exhaust passage is released without being ignited due to a failure of the ignition means or the like. Since hydrogen is not a problem as an air pollutant, harmful substances are discharged to the outside.
Harmful emissions from combustion or combustion
No, there is no possibility that the cause of the pollution. In any case,
According to the present invention, an internal combustion engine with much lower emission than a conventional internal combustion engine can be obtained.
【図1】本発明の実施例のシステム構成を示す概念図で
ある。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a system configuration according to an embodiment of the present invention.
【図2】本発明装置の制御プログラムを例示するフロー
チャートである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating a control program of the device of the present invention.
【図3】図3のプログラムを実行する前に実行される初
期化ルーチンプログラムを例示するフローチャートであ
る。FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating an initialization routine program executed before executing the program of FIG. 3;
【図4】本発明の作用、効果を例示する線図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating the operation and effect of the present invention.
12…排気通路 14…触媒コンバータ 16…空気供給装置 18…水素発生装置 20…制御弁 26…点火栓 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 12 ... Exhaust passage 14 ... Catalytic converter 16 ... Air supply device 18 ... Hydrogen generator 20 ... Control valve 26 ... Spark plug
Claims (1)
ンバータを備えている内燃機関に設けられ、前記触媒コ
ンバータの上流側の排気通路に供給するための水素を発
生させる水素発生手段と、前記水素発生手段と前記排気
通路に設けられる水素の流入開口との間を結ぶ水素供給
手段と、前記排気通路の前記水素の流入開口付近に追加
の空気を供給する空気供給手段と、前記排気通路内に供
給される水素に点火して着火・燃焼させるために前記水
素の流入開口付近に設けられる強制的な点火手段と、前
記触媒コンバータの触媒の温度が所定値以下のとき前記
各手段を作動させる制御手段を備えている内燃機関の排
気浄化装置。 1. A hydrogen generating means provided in an internal combustion engine having a catalytic converter in an exhaust passage for purifying exhaust gas, for generating hydrogen to be supplied to an exhaust passage on an upstream side of the catalytic converter; A hydrogen supply unit that connects between the hydrogen generation unit and a hydrogen inflow opening provided in the exhaust passage, an air supply unit that supplies additional air near the hydrogen inflow opening of the exhaust passage, and forced ignition means provided in the vicinity of the inflow opening of the hydrogen to ignite to ignited and burnt in the hydrogen supplied to the temperature of the catalytic converter catalyst activates the respective means when a predetermined value or less An exhaust gas purification device for an internal combustion engine comprising a control means .
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3085430A JP2921158B2 (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP3085430A JP2921158B2 (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPH04318214A JPH04318214A (en) | 1992-11-09 |
JP2921158B2 true JP2921158B2 (en) | 1999-07-19 |
Family
ID=13858625
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP3085430A Expired - Fee Related JP2921158B2 (en) | 1991-04-17 | 1991-04-17 | Exhaust gas purification device for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2921158B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3553288A1 (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3281674B2 (en) * | 1993-04-30 | 2002-05-13 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Denitration equipment |
US5813222A (en) * | 1994-10-07 | 1998-09-29 | Appleby; Anthony John | Method and apparatus for heating a catalytic converter to reduce emissions |
US5845485A (en) * | 1996-07-16 | 1998-12-08 | Lynntech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for injecting hydrogen into a catalytic converter |
US5964089A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 1999-10-12 | Lynntech, Inc | Diagnostics and control of an on board hydrogen generation and delivery system |
US6036827A (en) * | 1997-06-27 | 2000-03-14 | Lynntech, Inc. | Electrolyzer |
US6122909A (en) * | 1998-09-29 | 2000-09-26 | Lynntech, Inc. | Catalytic reduction of emissions from internal combustion engines |
KR20010011563A (en) * | 1999-07-23 | 2001-02-15 | 박세창 | Quick Light Off Catalytic Converter |
US6272849B1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-08-14 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Apparatus and method for heating an automotive catalyst to an emission reactive condition |
KR100552775B1 (en) * | 2004-06-03 | 2006-02-20 | 현대자동차주식회사 | system for preheating of a catalytic apparatus in vehicle |
IL251356B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-11-29 | Dan Yitzhaki | An exhaust after treatment system for a diesel engine and gasoline engine for an improved cold start up and improved denox |
CN110107380A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-08-09 | 湖南冠拓科技股份有限公司 | A kind of diesel engine vent gas carbon particle collector removes carbon method and apparatus |
-
1991
- 1991-04-17 JP JP3085430A patent/JP2921158B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3553288A1 (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2019-10-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine |
US10641150B2 (en) | 2018-04-11 | 2020-05-05 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification system of an internal combustion engine |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH04318214A (en) | 1992-11-09 |
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