KR100253653B1 - A liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display device is provided to improve an aperture rate characteristic by forming a feature of pixels in a gull shape two parallelograms are combined. CONSTITUTION: A pixel is formed in a gull shape by a gate line(55) and a data line(56). The gate line(55) and the data line(56) are arranged at an angle of Φ. Black matrixes(67) are formed between two parallelograms and along the diagonals of the parallelograms so that 4 triangular domains can be formed. The black matrix(67) between the third domain(III) and the fourth domain(IV) makes an angle of Φ with the gate line(55). Accordingly, the black matrix(67) between the second domain(II) and the third domain(III) also makes an angle of Φ with the data line(56). A TFT(Thin Film Transistor), of which the gate electrode is connected to the gate line(55) and of which the source and drain electrodes are connected to the data line(56), is formed at the X domain the gate line(55) and the data line(56) are crossed. The TFT, arranged below the black matrixes(67), prevents light rays from being transmitted into the X domain.

Description

LCD

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a multi-domain liquid crystal display device and a method of manufacturing the same having improved aperture ratio by forming each domain in a triangular shape with a pixel shape as a chevron.

The liquid crystal display device (liquid crystal display device) mainly used up to now is a twisted nematic LCD, which has a characteristic that the light transmittance at each gray level varies depending on the viewing angle. In particular, the light transmittance is distributed symmetrically with respect to the viewing angle in the left and right directions, but the light transmittance is distributed asymmetrically with respect to the vertical direction. .

In order to solve the above problems, multi-domain (such as TDTN (Two Domain TN, IDRC 91 DIGEST, P.68 (1991)) LCD, DDTN (Domain Divided TN, SID 92 DIGEST, p.798 (1992)) LCD Multi-domain TNLCDs have been proposed.

The TDTN LCD has two LC directiors array domains in which each pixel has a pretilted direction opposite to each other, so that when a gradation display voltage is applied to these cells, The liquid crystal directors are inclined in opposite directions to compensate for the average light transmittance in the vertical direction, thereby widening the viewing angle. The DDTN LCD compensates for the viewing angle by reversing the average pretilt direction in each domain.

1 is a diagram illustrating the four-domain LCD described above. In the drawings, the solid arrow indicates the alignment direction of the first substrate (upper plate) and the dotted arrow indicates the alignment direction of the second substrate (lower plate). Also, the dot on the arrow indicates the direction of viewing field angle in each domain. As shown in the figure, the field of view angle of each domain is different from the adjacent domain. In particular, since the upper and lower adjacent domains have opposite viewing angles, the average light transmittance is compensated for each other, thereby improving the viewing angle characteristic.

Generally, in order to determine the pretilt direction on the alignment film, there are a rubbing method for mechanically treating the alignment film and a light alignment method for irradiating light onto the alignment film.

2 is a diagram illustrating a rubbing method. As shown in Fig. 2 (a), after the alignment film 10 made of polyimide is applied to the substrate 1, mechanical rubbing is carried out with the rubbing cloth 13, and Fig. 2 (b) and As described above, uniform microgrooves 14 having a predetermined pretilt angle θ _{p are} formed on the surface of the alignment layer 10. The interaction between the surface of the polyimide alignment layer 10 on which the microgrooves 14 are formed and the liquid crystal molecules causes the liquid crystal molecules to be uniformly aligned in a desired direction over the entire surface of the alignment layer 10.

However, in the above rubbing method, the shape of the microgrooves 14 formed in the alignment 10 film is changed according to the frictional strength of the rubbing cloth 13, and the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules arranged by the microgrooves 14 is different. Since this is not constant, irregular phase distortion and light scattering may occur, thereby degrading the performance of the liquid crystal display. In addition, dust and static electricity generated during the rubbing treatment affects the substrate and the yield is reduced.

The optical alignment method is proposed to solve the above problems, and is disclosed in SID 95 DIGEST, page 877 (Kobayashi et al.) And Korean Patent Application Nos. 96-44455, 96-52665, 97-4280, etc. filed by the present applicant. .

3 to 6 each show the above-described optical alignment method, FIG. 3 shows the optical alignment method proposed by Kobayashi, and FIGS. 4 to 6 show the optical alignment method filed by the present applicant. The difference between the two optical alignment methods described above is that Kobayashi's optical alignment method determines the alignment direction by irradiating the UV light vertically and obliquely, while the optical alignment method of the applicant determines the alignment direction by inclining the UV light only once. .

Hereinafter, the two orientation methods will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a light alignment method proposed by Kobayashi et al. In this photoalignment method, the pretilt direction of the surface of the alignment film is determined by irradiating the alignment film vertically and obliquely using an optical alignment film of PVCN (polyvinycinnamate) polymer as the alignment film. That is, as shown in FIG. 3 (a), when vertically irradiating an ultraviolet-ray with a polarization direction parallel to the y-axis, the y-axis side chain of the polymer dimerizes, and only the side chain of the xz plane is dimerized. Will remain. At this time, the arrow of the dotted line in Fig. 3 (a) indicates the direction of the polymerization reaction of the polymer and the arrow of the solid line indicates the direction of the side chain remaining during the ultraviolet irradiation. As shown in the figure, the optical constant of the x-z plane shows anisotropy by the vertical irradiation of ultraviolet rays, but the optical constant of the y-z plane is oriented in the z axis. Then, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), when the ultraviolet ray having the polarization direction in the xz plane is inclined to the substrate, the side chains in the direction coinciding with the polarization direction are dimerized, and only the side chains parallel to the incident direction of the ultraviolet ray are observed. Will remain. The remaining side chains interact with the liquid crystal molecules to impart an alignment direction to the liquid crystal molecules. At this time, the irradiation angles of the alignment film and the ultraviolet light are changed to determine the pretilt angle of the alignment film surface. As an example, when the angles at which ultraviolet rays are irradiated on the surface of the alignment film in the irradiation of the second ultraviolet rays are changed to 30 °, 45 °, and 60 °, the generated pretilt angles are about 0.15 °, 0.26 °, and 0.30 °.

4 to 6 is a view showing the optical alignment method filed by the present applicant, the photosensitive material such as polysiloxane-based material (polysiloxane based material), PVCN-F (polyvinylfluorocinnamate), etc. are used as the alignment layer 10 at this time . The following chemical formulas represent polysiloxane-based materials and PVCN-F, respectively, where Chemical Formula 1 represents PVCN-F, and Chemical Formulas 2 and 3 represent polysiloxane cinnamate I and polysiloxane cinnamate as examples of polysiloxane-based materials. II is shown.

n = 300 to 6000

Z = OH, CH ₃ or a mixture of OH and CH ₃ ,

m = 10-100,

l = 1 to 11,

K = 0 or 1,

L = 0 or 1,

X, X ₁ , X ₂ , Y = H, F, Cl, CN, CF ₃ , C _n H _{2n + 1} or OC _n H _{2n + 1} (n = 1 to 10)

First, FIG. 4 shows an alignment process of the alignment film 10 by one-time oblique irradiation of polarized ultraviolet light. When the polarized ultraviolet rays are inclined to the alignment layer 10 as shown in the figure, the actual polarization direction in three dimensions is as indicated by the dotted lines in the figure. As the ultraviolet rays are irradiated, the side chains of the polymer parallel to the polarization direction of the ultraviolet rays are dimerized (solid arrows), so that only the side chains (dotted arrows) are substantially parallel to the traveling direction of the ultraviolet rays. Accordingly, the side chains of the polymer and the liquid crystal molecules react to arrange the liquid crystal molecules in a predetermined direction, that is, in the advancing direction of ultraviolet rays. In this case, θ is a pretilt angle of the side chain with respect to the surface of the alignment film 10, and becomes a tilt angle between the liquid crystal molecules and the alignment film 10 when the alignment film 10 reacts with the liquid crystal molecules.

5 shows a photoalignment treatment process when unpolarized ultraviolet light is irradiated to the alignment film 10 once. 5 (b), the alignment film described above is an unpolarized ultraviolet light having an electric field in all directions except for the propagation direction of the incident ultraviolet light, as shown in FIG. 5 (b). Irradiate at a constant angle with (10). Ad molecules having side chains in all directions parallel to the electric field react with each other and the anisotropy in the direction parallel to the electric field disappears, but since there is no electric field in the direction of incidence of the irradiated ultraviolet rays, Anisotropy remains. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged along the direction of the anisotropy of the advertising molecules.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a photoalignment treatment process by one time irradiation of partially polarized ultraviolet rays. FIG. First, a partially polarized ultraviolet ray having a polarization degree of 0.67 is irradiated onto the alignment film 10 coated on the substrate 1. At this time, the direction in which the ultraviolet rays are irradiated is inclined at a predetermined angle (θ) with the normal of the substrate 1, the direction in which the P wave component (⊙) of the partially polarized ultraviolet rays is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the P wave The direction of the alignment axis of the liquid crystal is selected, and the S-wave component ↔ is incident in the oblique direction, thereby selecting the pretilt angle direction in the direction in which the ultraviolet rays are incident.

A feature of the above optical alignment method is that light is obliquely irradiated with respect to the surface of the alignment film. In other words, as shown in Fig. 7, when the alignment film (not shown) lies on the xy plane, light is irradiated to the alignment film at a polar angle of θ and an azimuthal angle of φ = 90 °. do.

In general, in order to determine the orientation direction on a portion of the alignment film, the alignment direction is determined by irradiating light only to a desired region of the alignment film in a state where other regions are blocked using a mask. However, as described above, when the alignment layer 10 and the mask 15 are aligned as shown in FIG. 8A to determine the alignment direction of a predetermined region using the mask, the alignment layer 10 and the mask 15 are aligned. There is a gap between them. This gap is due to a misalignment between the alignment film 10 and the mask 15, a limitation of the accuracy of the surfaces of the alignment film 10 and the mask 15, and the like. As a result of the above gap, as shown in Fig. 8B, light is irradiated to about Δx inside of the mask 15, so that an misaligned region is generated in the alignment film 10. In practice, the alignment film 10 is irradiated with light on both sides of the mask 15 as shown in FIG.

9 is a view showing a conventional 4-domain liquid crystal cell completed by irradiating light having an azimuth angle of 90 °. As shown in the figure, each side of the liquid crystal cell is formed in the x-y plane in parallel with the x-axis and the y-axis. Therefore, the light is irradiated perpendicularly to the projection of the side of the liquid crystal cell. In order to determine the alignment direction in each domain of the 4-domain liquid crystal cell, light must be irradiated to each domain in a different direction using a mask. Therefore, when light is irradiated to each domain, a misalignment region of Δx is generated as shown in Fig. 9A due to the gap between the alignment film and the mask shown in Fig. 8. In the figure, the solid line represents the desired domain region and the dotted line represents the actual domain region generated by light irradiation. In the 4-domain liquid crystal cell, 2Δx misaligned regions are generated at the boundary between the domains by two adjacent domains. Since the misalignment region generated at the boundary between these domains is a serious problem for the image quality of the liquid crystal display device, light must be blocked so that light cannot penetrate the region. FIG. 7B shows the black matrix 17 which is a light shielding layer formed on the liquid crystal cell in order to block the above-mentioned area. At this time, in order to completely cover the misalignment region, the aperture region characteristic of the liquid crystal display device is lowered because the error region can be completely covered only when the width of the black matrix 17 is 2Δx + α.

However, the above-described problem of the aperture ratio reduction is not limited to the optical alignment described above. Even in the case of manufacturing a multi-domain LCD by the rubbing method, although there is no misalignment area like the optical alignment method, since each domain has a different or opposite direction from the adjacent domain, its boundary Light leaks occur in the Therefore, as shown in Fig. 9B, a black matrix 17 having a predetermined width must be formed. As a result, the aperture ratio reduction problem in multi-domain LCDs is common to liquid crystal cells in all modes.

FIG. 10 is a view showing aperture ratio reduction by the black matrix 17 when an actual multi-domain LCD is manufactured. FIG. 10 (a) shows a pixel having a single domain, and FIG. It is a figure which shows the pixel which has a domain. As shown in the figure, the gate line 5 and the data line 6 intersect on the substrate to define a pixel region, and a thin film transistor is shown at the intersection. Although only one pixel is shown in the figure for convenience of description, n × m pixels composed of n gate wirings 5 and m data wirings 6 exist in an actual LCD. Reference numerals a and b denote the widths of the pixels, respectively, where a = 307.5 μm and b = 102.5 μm. In addition, c and d represent the width of the gate wiring 5 and the data wiring 6, respectively, and c = 22 micrometers and d = 22 micrometers. Therefore, the area of the ideal pixel region before forming the gate wiring 5 and the data wiring 6 is 307.5 µm x 102.5 µm = 31518.75 µm ² . On the other hand, since the actual pixel area having the single domain as shown in Fig. 10A must exclude the area of the gate wiring 5 and the data wiring 6, (307.5-22) 占 퐉 (102.5-22) ) Μm = 22982.75 µm ² . Therefore, in the case of a pixel having a single domain, the aperture ratio through which light actually transmits is 31518.75 µm ² /22982.75 µm ² x 100 = 72.92%.

In the case of the four-domain as shown in FIG. 10 (b), a black matrix 17 is formed at the boundary of each domain. When the width of the black matrix 17 is set to e = 22 mu m, which is the same as that of the gate wiring 5 and the data wiring 6, the widths f and g of each domain are respectively f = 131.75 mu m and g = 29.25 mu m. do. Therefore, the area through which light actually penetrates to Han pixel is 15414.75 µm ² , and the transmittance is 15414.75 µm ² /31518.75 µm ² × 100 = 48.91%.

As described above, it can be seen that the 4-domain LCD has a drastically reduced aperture ratio from 72.92% to 48.91% compared to the single domain LCD. Moreover, since the TFT formed in the pixel region also blocks light, the aperture ratio characteristic is further lowered.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object thereof is to provide a liquid crystal display device having improved aperture ratio characteristics by forming a pixel shape into a chevron shape in which two parallelograms are combined.

In order to achieve the above object, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention comprises a substrate, a gate wiring and data wiring formed on the substrate to define a chevron-shaped pixel region of the two parallelograms combined, the gate wiring and And a thin film transistor formed at the intersection of the data wirings, a black matrix, which is a light shielding layer formed between the two parallelograms and along the diagonal of the parallelogram to partition a domain, and an alignment film applied over the entire substrate.

The pixel region is composed of four domains. The gate wiring and the data wiring are at an angle of 71.565 °, and the black matrix formed between two parallelograms is arranged in the same direction as the extension direction of the gate wiring, and the black matrix formed on the diagonal of each parallelogram is also connected to the data wiring. And an angle of 71.565 °. The alignment layer is made of a rubbing alignment layer such as indium tin oxide (ITO), or a photoreactive substance for photoalignment such as polysiloxane-based material or PVCN-F. In the optical orientation, the light is irradiated at the azimuth angle φ ₁ between the polar angle θ and the black matrix, thereby reducing the width of the black matrix blocking the misalignment region.

The aperture ratio of the four-domain liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is about 55.15%, and the aperture ratio of about 6.24% is improved compared to the conventional liquid crystal display device having an aperture ratio of about 48.91%.

1 is a diagram showing a general 4-domain liquid crystal cell.

2 is a view showing an orientation processing method by a rubbing method.

3 is a view showing an alignment processing method by two times of light irradiation.

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing an alignment treatment method by one-time oblique irradiation of polarized light.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing an orientation processing method by one-time oblique irradiation of unpolarized light.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an orientation processing method by one-time oblique irradiation of partially polarized light.

7 is a view showing a direction of irradiation of light in the conventional optical alignment.

Fig. 8A shows a misalignment region caused by a gap between an alignment film and a mask during conventional photoalignment.

Fig. 8B is an enlarged view of portion A of Fig. 8A.

Fig. 9A is a diagram showing a misalignment region of a conventional 4-domain liquid crystal cell.

Fig. 9B is a view showing a liquid crystal cell to which a black matrix for blocking misaligned regions is applied.

Fig. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional 4-domain liquid crystal display device.

Fig. 11A shows a four-domain liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

(B) is an enlarged view of the 2nd domain of FIG. 11 (a).

Fig. 12 is a diagram showing misalignment regions generated upon light irradiation in the liquid crystal display of the present invention.

Hereinafter, a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

11 is a diagram illustrating a liquid crystal display device according to an embodiment of the present invention. In an actual liquid crystal display device, n x m pixels exist by the n gate wirings 55 and the m data wirings 56, but only one pixel is shown in the drawing for convenience of description. As shown in Fig. 11A, the pixel is formed in the shape of a chevron in which two parallelograms are combined by the gate wiring 55 and the brown data wiring 56. The gate wiring 55 and the data wiring 56 form an angle of ψ, and the black matrix 67, which is a light shielding layer blocking an interface between the respective domains, has a boundary and parallelogram of the two parallelograms. Each of them is formed diagonally to form four triangular domains. At this time, the black matrix 67 at the boundary between the third domain III and the fourth domain IV forms an angle between the gate wiring 55 and ψ. Accordingly, the black matrix 67 at the boundary between the second domain II and the third domain III also forms an angle between the data line 56 and ψ. Each domain is an isosceles triangle with the same area. The black matrix 67 is formed by stacking a metal such as Cr or CrOx on a first substrate (top plate) or by stacking black resin or the like on an array of a second substrate (bottom plate). In the X region of the intersection of the gate line 55 and the data line 56, a thin film transistor TFT having a gate electrode connected to the gate line 55 and a source and drain electrode connected to the data line 56 is formed. The TFT is disposed under the black matrix 67 to prevent light from being transmitted to this area. The width c of the gate wiring 55 and the width d of the data wiring 56 have the same width of 22 μm, and the length a between the adjacent gate wirings 55 is a = 307.5 μm and between the data wirings b. The length b of b is 102.5 m. Therefore, the total area of one pixel is 31518.75 µm ^2, which is the same as that of the conventional pixel area. The width e of the black matrix 67 in the pixel is also formed to be 22 占 퐉, similarly to the gate wiring 55 and the data wiring 56.

Although not shown in the drawing, the entire substrate is coated with a rubbing alignment film such as indium tin oxide (ITO) or a photoreactive material for photoalignment such as polysiloxane-based material or PVCN-F.

FIG. 11B is an enlarged view showing the shape of the second domain II. The inner side of the triangle shows the opening area through which light actually penetrates, and the outer side shows the center line of the data wiring 56 and the black matrix 67. The angle ψ between the sides AB and BC is ψ = tan ⁻¹ (a / 2 / b / 2) = 71.565 °, and the side AG is AG = 34.78 μm. In addition, the side HC becomes HC = 11.595 µm and the side EF becomes EF = 79.31 µm. Therefore, the actual opening area of the second domain II described above is 4281.55 μm ² . Therefore, the actual opening area of one pixel is 4 × 4281.55 μm ² = 17126.2014 μm ² . The aperture ratio is (opening area through which actual light passes) / (area of the whole pixel) × 100 = 17126.2014 µm ² × 100 / 31518.75 µm ² = 54.34%. Therefore, it can be seen that the aperture ratio is increased by 5.43% compared to the conventional liquid crystal display device having an aperture ratio of 48.91%.

The increase in the aperture ratio is due to the shape of the pixel, that is, the shape of the black matrix dividing each domain of the pixel. The width of the black matrix 67 is formed to be the same as the width of the gate wiring 55 and the data wiring 56, not an absolute value, but in consideration of the misalignment region caused by the gap between the alignment film and the mask. Therefore, if rubbing is performed on the alignment film made of ITO instead of photoalignment, the width of the black matrix 67 can be reduced because no misalignment region is generated. However, such an alignment treatment method by rubbing is not preferable because of the problem of breakage of the substrate. Therefore, by reducing the error of alignment between the alignment film and the mask during light irradiation of each domain and improving the precision of the alignment film and the mask surface, the aperture ratio can be further improved.

In the above calculation of the opening area, the width of the black matrix 67 at the boundary between the first domain I and the second domain II and the width of the black matrix 67 at the boundary between the third domain III and the fourth domain IV is calculated. Is calculated to be the same width as the black matrix 67 at the boundary between the second domain (II) and the third domain (III), but this calculation is not accurate. That is, in this embodiment, in order to determine the orientation direction having different viewing angles in each domain, as shown in FIG. Not to be irradiated at an angle of 90 ° to each other. Therefore, the misalignment region due to the alignment error between the alignment layer and the mask is generated by 2Δx at the boundary between the second domain II and the third domain III. On the other hand, the light being irradiated at the azimuth angle φ = 90 ° means that the projection direction of the light is the same as the extending direction of the gate wiring 55. Therefore, since the gate wiring 55 and the data wiring 56 are arranged at an angle of ψ and the shape of each pixel is an isosceles triangle, the light is separated from the boundary between the first domain I and the second domain II. The boundary between the third domain (III) and the fourth domain (IV) and the relative azimuth angle φ ₁ = ψ are investigated. Therefore, the misalignment region occurring at these boundaries becomes 2Δxsinφ ₁ .

At this time, the polar angle θ at the time of light irradiation is θ = 0 ° to 60 ° and the relative azimuth angle φ ₁ with the black matrix 67 is φ ₁ = 71.565 °. In addition, although only one time irradiation of polarized ultraviolet rays is shown in the drawing for convenience of description, all kinds of light applied to the conventional optical alignment method of performing alignment treatment using gradient irradiation may be used. When the width of the black matrix 67 between the second domain (II) and the third domain (III) is 22 占 퐉, the black matrix 67 and the second matrix between the first domain (I) and the second domain (II) are formed. The width of the black matrix 67 between the third domain (III) and the fourth domain (IV) is 22 µm x sin 71.565 ° = 20.871 µm, and the opening area of each domain is 17383.17 µm ² . Therefore, when the aperture ratio is calculated by adding the total aperture areas of the four domains, an aperture ratio of 55.15% can be obtained. Accordingly, it can be seen that the aperture ratio is significantly increased by 6.24% compared with the conventional liquid crystal display device.

Furthermore, since the TFT is formed under the black matrix 67, since the decrease in the aperture ratio caused by the above-described TFT is prevented, the substantial aperture ratio characteristic is further improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, the light is irradiated to the alignment film at the polar angle of θ and the azimuth angle of 90 °, that is, the counter-angle angle φ of the interface of the domain as described above. In other words, the relative position angle φ ₁ may be set to φ ₁ = 0 ° to 90 °.

In the present invention, as described above, the pixel is in the shape of a chevron, and each domain is in the shape of a triangle, so that the opening area due to the structure of the pixel itself is increased, and the aperture ratio is improved. Furthermore, since light is irradiated at an angle between the boundary surface of the domain and the counter-angle angle φ during photoalignment, the misalignment region is reduced and the aperture ratio is further improved.

Claims (15)

A substrate; A plurality of gate wirings and data wirings formed on the substrate to define a chevron-shaped pixel region in which two parallelograms are combined; A plurality of thin film transistors formed at intersections of the gate lines and data lines; And a light blocking layer formed between the two parallelograms and along a diagonal of the parallelogram to partition the pixel region into a plurality of domains. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the gate line and the data line form an angle?. The liquid crystal display device of claim 1, wherein the thin film transistor is formed in a light blocking layer region. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, further comprising an alignment film coated over the entire substrate. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 4, wherein the alignment layer is a photoreactive material. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the photoreactive material is selected from the group consisting of polysiloxane-based materials and polyvinylfluorocinnamate (PVCN-F). The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the alignment reaction of the photoreactive material is determined by irradiation of light. 8. A liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 7, wherein said light is ultraviolet light. 8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, wherein the light is irradiated at an angle of the polar angle θ and the relative position angle φ ₁ of the light shielding layer. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 9, wherein θ = 0 ° to 60 ° and φ ₁ = 0 ° to 90 °. A substrate; A plurality of first metal wires arranged along the x-axis on the substrate; A plurality of second metal wires arranged in a zigzag shape along the y axis on the substrate to define a chevron pixel region together with the first metal wires; A liquid crystal display device comprising transparent electrodes stacked in the pixel region. 12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11, wherein the first metal wiring and the second metal wiring are gate wiring and data wiring, respectively. 12. The liquid crystal display device of claim 11, further comprising a thin film transistor disposed at an intersection point of the first metal wire and the second metal wire. 12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11, further comprising a light shielding layer formed in the pixel region and partitioning the pixel region into a plurality of domains. 12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 11, further comprising an alignment film coated over the entire substrate.

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