KR100580383B1 - Wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

An opening is formed in one of the common electrode or the pixel electrode of the liquid crystal display to form a fringe field between the two substrates when an electric field is applied, and a sustain electrode is formed in the thin film transistor substrate at the position where the opening is formed. Due to the disclination generated by the bird, the leaking light is blocked. The openings may be formed in various directions such as a horizontal direction, a vertical direction, or an oblique direction, and the openings in different directions are repeated on the pixel area to expand the viewing angle by varying the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

Description

Wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device

The present invention relates to a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device.

In general, a liquid crystal display device has a structure in which a liquid crystal is injected between two substrates, and the amount of light transmitted is controlled by adjusting the intensity of the electric field applied thereto.

A twisted-nematic (TN) type liquid crystal display device includes a pair of transparent substrates having transparent electrodes formed on an inner surface thereof, a liquid crystal material between two transparent substrates, and attached to an outer surface of each transparent substrate. It consists of two polarizers that polarize light. In the state in which no electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules filled between the two substrates are parallel to the substrate, twisted in a spiral with a constant pitch, and have a twisted structure in which the direction of the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is continuously changed. In the twisted nematic liquid crystal display device having such a structure, visual characteristics are determined according to the arrangement of the long axis and the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules.

However, in the TN type liquid crystal display device, especially in the normally black mode, the contrast ratio is not good because the incident light is not completely blocked while the electric field is not applied.

In order to remedy this problem, a vertically aligned twisted-nematic (VATN) type liquid crystal display device has been proposed in US Patent No. 3,914,022 and also in "Eurodisplay '93" pp. 158-159 Proposed by Takahashi et al.

In the vertically aligned liquid crystal display, the liquid crystal molecules without an electric field are vertically aligned with respect to two substrates, so that a sufficiently dark state is normally generated in a normally black mode.

However, there is a problem that the viewing angle is not very wide.

On the other hand, T. Yamamoto et al. Presented a simple matrix liquid crystal display device with a vertical alignment by fringe field in " SID '91, p.762-765 ", and Lien " SID '92, p.33. In order to solve the problem of the low light transmittance of the simple matrix multi-domain vertical alignment liquid crystal display device in the ON state at -35 ", a structure in which an opening is formed in the pixel electrode is proposed.

However, in the structure proposed by Lien, light leaks in the open part of the pixel electrode, that is, the boundary of the divided pixel region.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve such a problem, and to provide a liquid crystal display having a wide viewing angle. Another object of the present invention is to prevent light leakage in a wide viewing angle liquid crystal display device.

The liquid crystal display according to the present invention comprises a first substrate on which a common electrode is formed and a second substrate on which a pixel electrode and a sustain electrode overlapping the same are formed at a position corresponding to the common electrode. An opening is formed in one, and the sustain electrode is formed at a position corresponding to the opening.

At this time, the sustain electrode serves to prevent light leakage caused by the fringe field formed by the opening.

Here, a liquid crystal material having negative dielectric anisotropy is injected between the first substrate and the second substrate, and the liquid crystal material contains a chiral nematic liquid crystal or a nematic liquid crystal containing 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of a chiral additive. to be.

The first substrate and the second substrate are provided with alignment films for vertically aligning molecular axes of the liquid crystal material. Such an alignment film may or may not be subjected to a rubbing treatment.

In addition, the storage electrode may be connected to the gate line, and two or more may be formed.

Preferably, the width of the openings is 3 μm -15 μm , and the width between the openings is preferably 8 μm -50 μm .

On the other hand, in order to extend the viewing angle, linear openings formed in neighboring unit pixel areas are repeatedly formed in different directions, for example, in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction for each pixel area. This arrangement causes the liquid crystal molecules to twist in various directions.

Next, embodiments of the liquid crystal display using the vertical alignment according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1A and 1B illustrate an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules divided into a black state and a white state in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of the present invention. A cross-sectional view illustrating an arrangement of liquid crystal molecules by a fringe field generated by an open pixel electrode in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment.

1A and 1B, two substrates 1 and 2 made of glass or the like face each other, and an inner surface of the two substrates 1 and 2 is formed of a transparent conductive material such as indium tin oxide (ITO). The formed transparent electrodes 12 and 120 and the alignment films 14 and 140 are sequentially formed. Between the two substrates 1 and 2, a liquid crystal layer 100 made of a chiral nematic liquid crystal having a negative dielectric anisotropy or a nematic liquid crystal material to which 0.01 to 0.3 wt% of a chiral additive of left or right is added have. On the outer surface of each of the substrates 1 and 2, polarizing plates 13 and 130 for polarizing the light incident to the liquid crystal layer 100 and the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 100 are attached to the lower substrate 1. The polarization axis (→) of the polarizing plate 13 attached to) is formed at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the polarization axis ↗ of the polarizing plate 130 attached to the upper substrate 2. The alignment film 14 may or may not be subjected to a rubbing treatment.

FIG. 1A illustrates a case where no electric field is applied, and the liquid crystal molecules 3 of the liquid crystal layer 100 are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the surfaces of the two substrates 1 and 2 by the alignment force of the alignment layer 14. have.

At this time, the light passing through the polarizing plate 13 attached to the lower substrate 1 passes through the liquid crystal layer 100 without changing the polarization direction. This light is then blocked by the polarizing plate attached to the upper substrate 2 to show the black state.

FIG. 1B illustrates a case where an electric field is sufficiently applied, and the liquid crystal molecules 3 are twisted in a spiral so as to form an angle of 90 ° from the lower substrate 1 to the upper substrate 2, so that the liquid crystal molecules 3 are separated. It has a twisted structure in which the direction of the long axis is changed continuously. Here, since the alignment force of the alignment layer 14 is stronger than the force due to the applied electric field in the portions adjacent to the two substrates 1 and 2, the liquid crystal molecules 3 maintain their original state of being vertically aligned.

At this time, the polarized light passing through the polarizing plate 13 attached to the lower substrate 1 passes through the liquid crystal layer 100, and its polarization axis ↗ rotates by 90 ° along the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 3. As a result, the light passes through the polarizing plate 13 attached to the substrate 2 on the opposite side, thereby becoming a white state.

2 illustrates a proposed structure and principle for compensating a viewing angle in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. A part of the electrode 4 of the upper substrate 2 is opened among the ITO electrodes 4 and 5 formed on the upper or lower substrates 1 and 2. In the state where no electric field is applied, as shown in FIG. 1A, the liquid crystal molecules 3 remain in a state arranged perpendicularly to the two substrates 1 and 2, and thus exhibit the same black state as when the electrode is not opened. . When an electric field is applied, an electric field perpendicular to the substrates 1 and 2 is formed in most places, but the electric field near the open portion of the ITO electrode 4 is not completely perpendicular to the two substrates 1 and 2. Do not. The curved electric field formed near the open portion is called a fringe field. Since the liquid crystal has negative dielectric anisotropy, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 3 is to be perpendicular to the direction of the electric field.

The long axis of the liquid crystal molecules 3 in the vicinity of the opening opened by the fringe field is twisted while being inclined with respect to the surfaces of the two substrates 1 and 2.

The liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate. A plurality of gate lines and data lines intersecting with each other are formed on the thin film transistor substrate, and a pixel electrode and a thin film transistor are formed in a unit pixel region indicating each region defined by the gate line and the data line. A common electrode is formed on a front surface of the color filter substrate facing the black filter substrate, and a black matrix defining a unit pixel region, which is a region corresponding to the unit pixel of the thin film transistor substrate, is formed.

In the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, a structure for preventing light leakage is provided by forming sustain electrodes in portions where openings are formed.

First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 to 5.

3 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in the liquid crystal display according to the present embodiment.

3 illustrates a structure in which a common electrode of a color filter substrate is opened for each unit pixel region, and illustrates one unit pixel region.

As shown in FIG. 3, the black matrix 7 pattern is formed at the boundary of one unit pixel region P, and the common electrode 6 is formed over the entire surface. At this time, two linear openings 15 are formed in the common electrode 6 in parallel to each other in the longitudinal direction.

Here, the width of the opening 15 is in the range of 3 to 15 µm, and the distance between the openings 15 is preferably in the range of 8 to 50 µm. It is more preferable that the width of the openings 15 is 3-12 m, and the distance between the openings is 10-30 m.

4 is a layout view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in the liquid crystal display according to the first exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV ′ of FIG. 4.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, first and second gate lines 81 and 82 parallel to each other are formed in a horizontal direction on the transparent glass substrate 20, and the first gate line 81 and the first gate line 81 are formed in a horizontal direction. Two storage electrodes 11 connecting the two gate lines 82 are formed parallel to each other in the vertical direction. The sustain electrode 11 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 15 formed in the common electrode 6 of the color filter substrate to prevent light leakage due to the fringe field.

The gate insulating film 30 covers the sustain electrode 11 and the first and second gate lines 81 and 82, and the data line 9 is formed in the vertical direction on the gate insulating film 30. A thin film transistor (TFT) is formed at a portion of the two gate lines 81 and 82 where the first gate line 81 and the data line 9 cross each other, and a planarized protective film 40 is formed thereon. ) Is covered. A pixel electrode 10 having an edge portion overlapping the first and second gate lines 82 and the data line 9 is formed on the passivation layer 40, and the alignment layer 50 covering the pixel electrode 10 is formed thereon. ) Is formed. Here, the alignment film 50 may or may not be rubbed.

The linear openings formed in the common electrode may be formed in the horizontal direction or the inclined direction.

6 and 7 show a structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention in which the opening is formed in the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 6, the black matrix 7 pattern is formed at the boundary of one unit pixel region P, and the common electrode 6 is formed over the entire surface. Here, a plurality of openings 15 formed in the common electrode 6 are formed in the horizontal direction.

Here, the distance between the width of the opening 15 and the opening 15 is the same as in the first embodiment of the present invention in which the opening is formed in the longitudinal direction.

7 is a layout view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 7, first and second gate lines 81 and 82 parallel to each other are formed in a horizontal direction, and the first gate line 81 and the second gate line ( One branch 12 connecting 82 is formed in parallel with the neighboring data line 9, and a plurality of sustain electrodes 11 extend from the branch 12 in parallel with the gate lines 81 and 82. have. As in the first embodiment of the present invention, the sustain electrode 11 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 15 formed in the common electrode 6 of the color filter substrate to prevent light leakage due to the fringe field. Do it.

8 to 11 show structures according to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention in which the openings are formed in the diagonal direction.

8 and 10, the black matrix 7 pattern is formed at the boundary of one unit pixel region P, and the common electrode 6 is formed over the entire surface. Here, the opening part 15 formed in the common electrode 6 is formed in diagonal direction. In the third exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 8, one opening in a direction starting from the upper right of the pixel and pointing toward the lower left and one opening in the direction starting from the lower right of the pixel and pointing upward to the left are formed. In the fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 10, both openings face from the upper right to the lower left of the pixel and are formed in parallel with each other.

Here, the distance between the width of the opening 15 and the opening 15 is the same as in the first embodiment of the present invention in which the opening is formed in the longitudinal direction.

9 and 11 are layout views illustrating thin film transistor substrates in the liquid crystal display according to the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 9, the first and second gate lines 81 and 82 which are parallel to each other are formed in the horizontal direction, and the first gate line 81 and the second gate line ( One branch 12 connecting 82 is formed in parallel with the neighboring data line 9, and two sustain electrodes 11 are diagonally formed in the diagonal direction from the upper and lower portions adjacent to the gate line of the branch. Stretches towards. In the thin film transistor substrate shown in FIG. 11, the first and second gate lines 81 and 82 which are also parallel to each other are formed in the horizontal direction, and the first gate line 81 and the second gate are formed in the pixel region P. As shown in FIG. One branch 12 connecting the line 82 is formed to be parallel to the neighboring data line 9, and two storage electrodes 11 are formed to be parallel to each other in the upper right and lower left directions. In the third and fourth embodiments, the sustain electrode 11 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 15 formed in the common electrode 6 of the color filter substrate, as in the first embodiment of the present invention. It serves to prevent light leakage caused by the field.

In the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention, the alignment layer formed on the pixel electrode may or may not rub. However, when the rubbing treatment is performed, the direction of rubbing is preferably 0 to 135 degrees with respect to the direction of the opening.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention proposes a structure in which a viewing angle is extended by changing shapes of openings formed in adjacent pixels. This will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 15.

12 is a view showing a color filter substrate according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 12, an ITO electrode 4 having a black matrix 7 pattern defining a plurality of pixel areas corresponding to red, green, and blue color filters, and having a linear opening 15 formed therein is formed. ) Is formed. Here, the openings 15 of the pixel regions adjacent to each other are formed in different directions. That is, the opening part 15 is repeatedly formed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction for each pixel. For example, the opening 15 is formed in the vertical direction in the red pixel area, and the opening 15 is formed in the horizontal direction in the neighboring green pixel area.

In this structure, assume that the screen displays red color. Then, the blue and green pixels remain in the OFF state, and only the red pixels are in the ON state. At this time, the openings of the ITO electrodes 4 of the adjacent red pixels are formed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, respectively. At this time, the movement of the liquid crystal molecules will be described with reference to FIGS. 13A and 13B.

In FIG. 13A, the linear openings 15 of the ITO electrode 4 are formed in the vertical direction, and in FIG. 13B, the linear openings 15 of the ITO electrode 4 are formed in the horizontal direction.

Here, the horizontal direction is the X axis and the vertical direction is the Y axis, and the liquid crystal molecules between the two electrodes 4 are left-line liquid crystals when viewed from the bottom of the page.

When an electric field is applied to the two electrodes 4 and 5, the liquid crystal molecules are inclined perpendicularly to the direction of the electric field to be formed. At the same time, in FIG. 13A, the opening 15 is formed in the Y-axis so that the liquid crystal molecules positioned on the upper Y-axis are twisted to the right of the X-axis and the liquid crystal molecules positioned on the lower Y-axis to the left of the X-axis. In addition, in FIG. 13B, the opening 15 is formed in the X-axis so that the liquid crystal molecules positioned on the right X-axis are twisted in the lower Y-axis direction, and the liquid crystal molecules positioned on the left X-axis are respectively twisted in the upper side of the Y-axis.

As shown in FIGS. 13A and 13B, since the liquid crystal molecules are twisted in four directions, viewing angles in the up, down, left, and right directions are formed in the same manner, and gray level inversion does not appear. Thus, the viewing angle as a whole is extended.

Now, structures of the color filter substrate and the thin film transistor substrate according to the fifth embodiment will be described in detail.

FIG. 14 illustrates a structure in which a common electrode of a color filter substrate is opened for each unit pixel region, and illustrates two neighboring unit pixel regions.

As shown in FIG. 14, similarly to FIG. 3, a black matrix 7 pattern defining each unit pixel region P1 and P2 is formed, and the common electrode 6 is formed entirely.

Here, two linear openings 15 are formed in the common electrode 6 of the pixel region P1 in the vertical direction in parallel with each other, and a plurality of the common electrodes 6 of the pixel region P2 adjacent to the pixel electrode P2 are disposed in the horizontal direction. The linear openings 15 are formed parallel to each other.

Here, it is preferable that the width of the openings 15 and the distance therebetween follow the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 illustrates a structure of a thin film transistor substrate according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention. In the pixel region P1 corresponding to the pixel region P1 of FIG. 12, the first gate line 81 is the same as that of FIG. 4. ) And two storage electrodes 11 connecting the second gate line 82 are formed in parallel to each other in the vertical direction. In the pixel region P2, one branch 12 connecting the first gate line 81 and the second gate line 82 is formed in parallel with the neighboring data line 9, similar to FIG. 7. A plurality of sustain electrodes 11 extend from the branch 12 in parallel with the gate lines 81 and 82.

As in all the embodiments described above, the sustain electrode 11 is disposed at a position corresponding to the opening 15 formed in the common electrode 6 in FIG. 14.

The sustain electrode 11 overlaps the pixel electrode 10 to form a storage capacitor, and at the same time blocks the leaking light due to the disclination formed by the opening 15 of the common electrode 6. It acts as a black matrix.

The openings of the neighboring pixels may be formed in various other shapes. 16 to 19 illustrate structures of color filter substrates of the liquid crystal display according to the sixth to ninth embodiments of the present invention, in which openings of pixels adjacent to each other are formed in different shapes.

The structure of the liquid crystal display according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 16 is a horizontal direction of a pixel in which an opening having a shape according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. They are arranged alternately, and in the vertical direction, pixels of the same shape are arranged in the same column. In the structure of the liquid crystal display according to the seventh exemplary embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 17, the horizontal array is the same as the seventh exemplary embodiment, but the pixels are alternately arranged in the vertical direction. The structure of the liquid crystal display according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of a pixel in which an opening is formed in a shape according to the third embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. They are arranged alternately, and in the vertical direction, pixels of the same shape are arranged in the same column. In the structure of the liquid crystal display according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention illustrated in FIG. 19, the horizontal arrangement is the same as the eighth embodiment, but the pixels are alternately arranged in the vertical direction.

In the liquid crystal display according to the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, when a spherical substrate spacer is used, a liquid crystal alignment may be caused by the substrate spacer and light leakage may occur. Therefore, a column spacer substrate using a metal or an organic material may be used. It is good to use.

20 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display including a substrate spacer according to an embodiment of the present invention. The liquid crystal material 40 is injected between the substrate 10 on which the thin film transistor 30 is formed and the substrate 20 on which a color filter (not shown) is formed. The thin film transistor 30 formed on the lower substrate 10 includes a gate electrode 31, a gate insulating film 32 covering the gate electrode 31, and a semiconductor layer formed on the gate insulating film 32 on the gate electrode 31. And the source / drain electrodes 341 and 342 which are formed at both sides with respect to the 33 and the gate electrode 31. The passivation layer 50 is formed on the entire surface of the substrate 10 on which the thin film transistor is formed, and the pixel electrode 60 is formed in the pixel region to contact the drain electrode 342 through the contact hole formed in the passivation layer 50. It is. The substrate spacer 100 is formed above the thin film transistor and is made of a metal or an organic material. It may be formed using a material used when forming a thin film transistor substrate.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention, all of the openings are formed in the common electrode 6, but instead, the openings may be formed in the pixel electrode 10. However, in this case, the fringe field formed between the pixel electrode 10 and the common electrode 6 is affected by the voltage applied to the data line 9, the gate lines 81 and 82, and the sustain electrode 11. do. In order to remove the influence of the electric field formed by the voltage applied to the signal line, it is preferable to form the protective film 40 sufficiently thick with an organic insulating film of 3 μm or more.

In addition, although the structure in which the sustain electrode 11 is connected to the gate lines 81 and 82 is illustrated in the embodiment of the present invention, when the independent wiring method is applied, the sustain electrode 11 is not connected to the gate line.

Therefore, the liquid crystal display using the vertical alignment according to the present invention has a wide viewing angle by varying the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules by using a fringe field when an electric field is applied, and light leaking from a portion where the fringe field is formed by using a sustain electrode. Can be prevented.

1A and 1B are conceptual views illustrating alignment of liquid crystal molecules according to a black mode and a white mode in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the alignment of an open pixel electrode and liquid crystal molecules in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a plan view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line V-V 'in FIG.

6 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a plan view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a plan view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a third exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a plan view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

12 is a diagram illustrating a plurality of pixel areas corresponding to red, green, and blue color filters of a liquid crystal display according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

13A and 13B illustrate alignment directions of liquid crystal molecules twisted in the liquid crystal display using the vertical alignment according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a plan view illustrating a color filter substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a plan view illustrating a thin film transistor substrate in a liquid crystal display using vertical alignment according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

16 to 19 illustrate a plurality of pixel areas corresponding to red, green, and blue color filters of the liquid crystal display according to the sixth to ninth embodiments of the present invention.

20 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (58)

A first substrate having a pixel electrode and a sustain electrode overlapping the pixel electrode; A second substrate on which a common electrode corresponding to the pixel electrode is formed; An opening is formed in one of the common electrode and the pixel electrode, and the sustain electrode is formed at a position corresponding to the opening, And a liquid crystal material injected between the first substrate and the second substrate and having negative dielectric anisotropy. In claim 1, The liquid crystal material is a chiral nematic liquid crystal display device. In claim 1, Wherein the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal containing 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of a chiral additive. In claim 1, The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. In claim 4, The alignment layer is not rubbed. In claim 1, The opening is two or more and linear liquid crystal display device. In claim 6, The width of the opening is in the range of 3-15μm liquid crystal display device. In claim 7, And the distance between the openings is in the range of 8-50 μm. A plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines are formed, and a pixel electrode and a storage electrode overlapping the pixel electrode to form a storage capacitor are formed in each unit pixel region defined by the intersection of the gate line and the data line. Board, A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a common electrode having an opening at a position corresponding to the sustain electrode; And a liquid crystal material injected between the first substrate and the second substrate and having negative dielectric anisotropy. In claim 9, The liquid crystal material is a chiral nematic liquid crystal display device. In claim 9, Wherein the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal containing 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of a chiral additive. In claim 9, The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. In claim 12, The alignment layer is not rubbed. In claim 9, And two or more openings and sustain electrodes formed in a unit pixel area. The method of claim 14, And the opening is formed in a line parallel to the data line. The method of claim 14, And the opening is formed to be linearly parallel to the gate line. The method of claim 14, And the opening is linearly formed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees with the data line and the gate line. The method of claim 17, The openings are formed in parallel to each other. The method of claim 18, The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. The method of claim 19, And the alignment layer is subjected to a rubbing treatment. The method of claim 20, And a rubbing direction of the alignment layer forms an angle of 0 to 135 degrees with a direction of the opening. The method of claim 14, The width of the opening is in the range of 3-15μm liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 22, The distance between the openings in the unit pixel region is in the range of 8-50μm. In claim 9, And the gate line and the sustain electrode are connected to each other. In claim 1, A liquid crystal display further comprising a substrate spacer made of a metal or organic material. A plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines are formed, a pixel electrode and a storage electrode overlapping the pixel electrode to form a storage capacitor are formed in each unit pixel region defined by the intersection of the gate line and the data line, The pixel electrode may include a first substrate having an opening formed at a position corresponding to the sustain electrode. A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a common electrode formed thereon; And a liquid crystal material injected between the first substrate and the second substrate and having negative dielectric anisotropy. The method of claim 26, The liquid crystal material is a chiral nematic liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 26, Wherein the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal containing 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of a chiral additive. The method of claim 26, The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal display of claim 29, wherein the alignment layer is not rubbed. The method of claim 26, And two or more openings and sustain electrodes formed in a unit pixel area. The method of claim 31, And the opening is formed in a line parallel to the data line. The method of claim 31, And the opening is formed to be linearly parallel to the gate line. The method of claim 31, And the opening is linearly formed at an angle of 0 to 90 degrees with the data line and the gate line. The method of claim 34, The openings are formed in parallel to each other. 36. The method of claim 35 wherein The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal display of claim 36, wherein the alignment layer is subjected to a rubbing treatment. The method of claim 37, And a rubbing direction of the alignment layer forms an angle of 0 to 135 degrees with a direction of the opening. The method of claim 31, The width of the opening is in the range of 3-15μm liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 39, The distance between the openings in the unit pixel region is in the range of 8-50μm. The method of claim 26, And an organic insulating layer formed between the gate line, the data line, and the storage electrode and the pixel electrode. 43. The method of claim 41 wherein The thickness of the organic insulating layer is 3μm or more. The method of claim 26, A liquid crystal display further comprising a substrate spacer made of a metal or organic material. A first substrate in which a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines are formed, and pixel electrodes are formed in respective unit pixel regions defined by intersections of the gate lines and the data lines; A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a common electrode formed thereon; A first opening and a second opening are formed in one of the common electrode and the pixel electrode in any one pixel region, and one of the common electrode and the pixel electrode in another pixel region adjacent to the pixel region. A third opening portion and a fourth opening portion are formed in the at least one, at least one of the first opening portion and the second opening portion, and at least one of the third opening portion and the fourth opening portion are formed in different directions, And a liquid crystal material injected between the first substrate and the second substrate and having negative dielectric anisotropy. The method of claim 44, And a storage electrode formed on the first substrate at a position corresponding to the opening and overlapping the pixel electrode to form a storage capacitor. The method of claim 45, And the linear openings of adjacent unit pixel regions are formed in parallel with the data lines and the gate lines, respectively. The method of claim 45, The linear openings of an arbitrary unit pixel region form an angle of 0 to 90 degrees with the data line and the gate line, and the linear openings of the pixel region adjacent to the arbitrary unit pixel region form a linear opening of the arbitrary unit pixel region. Liquid crystal display device formed in the shape which rotated 180 degrees. The method of claim 44, And two or more openings and sustain electrodes formed in a unit pixel area. The method of claim 48, The width of the opening is in the range of 3-15μm liquid crystal display device. The apparatus of claim 49, The distance between the openings in the unit pixel area is in the range of 8-50 μm. The method of claim 44, The liquid crystal material is a chiral nematic liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 44, Wherein the liquid crystal material is a nematic liquid crystal containing 0.01 to 3.0 wt% of a chiral additive. The method of claim 44, The first substrate and the second substrate further include an alignment layer to vertically orient the molecular axis of the liquid crystal material. The method of claim 53, The alignment layer is not rubbed. The method of claim 44, A liquid crystal display further comprising a substrate spacer made of a metal or organic material. A first substrate in which a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of data lines are formed, and pixel electrodes are formed in respective unit pixel regions defined by intersections of the gate lines and the data lines; A second substrate facing the first substrate and having a common electrode formed thereon; A first opening and a second opening are formed in one of the pixel electrode and the common electrode, and the first opening is formed in a rising direction from the right to the left with respect to the gate line, and the second opening is It is formed in a rising direction from the left to the right with respect to the gate line, And a liquid crystal material injected between the first substrate and the second substrate and having negative dielectric anisotropy. The method of claim 56, And a storage electrode formed on the first substrate at a position corresponding to the first opening and the second opening and overlapping the pixel electrode to form a storage capacitor. The method of claim 56 or 57, The width of the first opening and the second opening is in the range of 3-15㎛.

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