KR100211450B1 - Manual transmission for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

According to the present invention, a sliding gear is mounted on an idle shaft of a manual transmission via a synchromesh mechanism, thereby smoothly transmitting power of an input shaft transmitted to the sliding gear through the reverse gear to the main shaft through the idle gear and the reverse count gear when reversing. It is to provide a manual transmission for a vehicle that can improve the feeling of shifting, which is to move in the axial direction along the guide gear 64 formed on the outer peripheral portion of the idle shaft (6), the shift fork 72 is provided on the outer peripheral portion A sliding gear 62 having a fork engaging groove 62b formed therein, and a synchronizer ring slid axially along the idle shaft 6 by the sliding gear 62 while being pressed by the elastic means. And 66 are engaged with the sliding gear 62 via the synchronizer ring 66 and transmitted through the reverse gear 56. It has a structure including an idle gear 60 for transmitting the rotational force to be the reverse counter gear 58 on the main shaft (4).

Description

Car manual transmission

The present invention relates to a manual transmission for a vehicle, and more particularly, by mounting a sliding gear on the idle shaft of the manual transmission via a synchromesh mechanism, thereby controlling the power of the input shaft transmitted to the sliding gear through the reverse gear at the time of reversing. The present invention relates to a manual transmission for a vehicle that can be smoothly transmitted to the main shaft through an idle gear and a reverse count gear.

The transmissions used in automobiles can be classified into manual transmissions and automatic transmissions according to the shifting method.In addition to the function of converting the torque of the engine and transmitting it to the wheels, the engine can be idle while stopping and the rotational direction of the driving wheels is changed. To allow reverse.

The manual transmission obtains a gear ratio by operating a mechanical mechanism of a plurality of gears installed on the input shaft. For gear gearing, a synchro-mesh mechanism of a synchronous matching method with easy shifting and excellent load-bearing capacity is employed. In addition, in the aspect of securing a large indoor space and improving fuel economy, front-wheel drive (FF) vehicles are increasing, and according to this trend, the length of the transmission tends to decrease gradually.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a manual transmission according to the prior art. The manual transmission for an automobile is an idler in which an input shaft (2), a main shaft (4), and an idle gear (40) rotatably mounted to the transmission housing (10) via bearings (44, 46) are movably mounted in an axial direction. The shaft 6 is provided. The tip of the input shaft 2 (pointing to the end near the engine) is operatively connected to an engine (not shown) to receive the rotational force of the engine.

The input shaft 2 has a four-stage drive gear 14, a three-stage drive gear 16, a reverse gear 24, a two-stage drive gear, a first-stage drive gear 20, and a five-stage drive gear 22 sequentially from the distal end portion. ) Is installed. Among these, the five-stage drive gear 22 is rotatably mounted to the input shaft 2 via a needle bearing, and the remaining drive gears are fixed on the input shaft 2 so as to rotate integrally with the input shaft 2. have.

After converting the power transmitted from the input shaft (2) to various gear ratios, the main shaft (4), which is transmitted to the drive wheels through the differential device (8), has a four-stage driven gear (28) and a three-stage driven gear (from the distal end). 30), a reverse counter gear 31, a two-stage driven gear, a first-stage driven gear 36 and a five-stage driven gear 38 are provided. These driven gears are rotatably mounted on the main shaft 4 via needle bearings. In addition, between the three-stage driven gear 30 and the four-stage driven gear 28, a 3-4 stage synchro mesh mechanism 26 is mounted, and between the first-stage driven gear 36 and the second-stage driven gear 34 It is equipped with a 1-2 stage synchronized mesh mechanism 32.

Here, the 3-4 stage synchromesh mechanism 26 selectively fixes either one of the three-stage driven gear 30 or the four-stage driven gear 28 with respect to the main shaft 4, whereby the three-stage drive gear 16 Alternatively, power transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the four-stage drive gear 14 is transmitted to the differential device 8 to obtain a speed ratio of three speeds or four speeds. In addition, the one-stage synchronized mesh mechanism 32 selectively fixes either the first-stage driven gear 36 or the two-stage driven gear 34 with respect to the main shaft 4, so that the first-stage drive gear 20 Alternatively, power transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the two-stage drive gear 18 is transmitted to the differential device 8 to obtain a speed ratio of one speed or two speeds. According to the same principle, the five-stage driven gear 38 transmits the power transmitted from the input shaft 2 to the differential device 8 via the five-stage drive gear 22 via a synchromesh mechanism (not shown) to the speed ratio of five speeds. Get

An idle gear 40 is mounted on the idle shaft 6 which enables the reverse direction by changing the rotational direction of the torque transmitted through the input shaft 2 so that the idle gear 40 can slide along the axial direction. Therefore, when operating the shift fork inserted into the fork engaging groove 42 formed in the extension part of the idle gear 40, the idle gear 40 moves to the front end along the idle shaft 6, and the input shaft 2 is carried out. Meshes with the reverse gear 24 on the upper side and the reverse counter gear 31 on the main shaft 4. Therefore, the rotational force of the engine transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the reverse gear 24 is changed to the rotation direction while passing through the idle gear 40, and then transmitted to the main shaft 4 through the reverse counter gear 31. Allows the vehicle to back up.

The rear ends of the input shaft 2 and the main shaft 4 are rotatably mounted to the transmission housing 10 via bearings 44 and 46, respectively, and are wrapped by a cover 12. In addition, a circular clip is provided on the input shaft 2 and the main shaft 4 to prevent separation of the bearings 44 and 46 and to withstand thrust forces acting in the axial directions on the shafts 2 and 4 ( 48 and 54 are fitted, and in particular, the rear end of the main shaft 4 is fitted with an anti-loosening washer 50 and a retaining ring 52, so that the bearing 46 and the five-stage driven gear 38 are separated. Prevent.

In the conventional manual transmission having such a configuration, a shift is not smoothly performed while engaging an idle gear installed on an idle shaft with a reverse gear for reversing the vehicle, and noise and gear wear are caused by the shift shock. There is.

The present invention devised to solve such a problem is to provide a manual transmission for a vehicle that can synchronize the idle gear to the reverse gear by installing a synchromesh mechanism on the idle shaft.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a manual transmission for a vehicle according to the prior art,

2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a manual transmission for a vehicle according to the present invention;

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a reverse gear shifting process in the manual transmission according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2: Input shaft 4: Spindle

6: idle shaft 8: differential

14,16: 4-speed, 3-speed drive gear 26: 3-4 gear synchro mechanism

28,30: 4-stage, 3-stage driven gear 32: 1-2-stage synchronized mesh mechanism

56: reverse gear 58: reverse counter gear

60: idle gear 62: sliding gear

64: guide gear 66: synchronizer ring

68: compression coil spring 70: snap ring

The object of the present invention described above is to be operatively connected to the engine, and a plurality of drive gears and an input shaft provided with a reverse gear, and a drive gear and a reverse gear arranged in parallel with the input shaft and installed on the input shaft according to the operation of the synchromesh mechanism. And manual spindle for driving and reverse countergear, and idle shaft for reversing by transmitting the rotational force of engine transmitted through reverse gear installed on input shaft to reverse counter gear installed on the main shaft. In the transmission, it moves in the axial direction along the guide gear formed on the outer periphery of the idle shaft, the outer periphery of the sliding gear is formed with a fork engaging groove into which the shift fork is inserted, and the sliding gear in a pressurized state by the elastic means By idle shaft along the axial And an idler gear that is slid through the gearbox and an idler gear that engages with the sliding gear via the synchronizer ring and transmits the rotational force transmitted through the reverse gear to the reverse counter gear on the main shaft. Is achieved.

According to the manual transmission of the present invention, since the sliding gear moves in accordance with the operation of the shift fork, and is engaged with the idle gear by the synchronizer ring, the gear is smoothly engaged with the reverse counter gear installed on the main shaft. Since the rotational force of the engine is smoothly transmitted to the reverse countergear on the main shaft via the idle gear, the shifting feeling is improved and the wear of the gear due to the shifting shock is prevented.

Hereinafter, a manual transmission for a vehicle according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a manual transmission for a vehicle according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a reverse shifting process in a manual transmission according to the present invention, the parts having the same function as the structure described in FIG. The same reference numerals are used.

As described in detail with reference to FIG. 1, the input shaft 2 of the manual transmission is provided with a four-stage drive gear 14, a reverse gear 56, and a three-stage drive gear 16 in order from the distal end portion. 4) The four-stage driven gear 28, the reverse counter gear 58, and the three-stage driven gear 30 are mounted in order from the front-end | tip part via a needle bearing. In addition, the main shaft 4 is equipped with a 3-4 stage synchronized mesh mechanism 26 so that any one of the three-stage driven gear 30 and the four-stage driven gear 28 is fixed to the main shaft 4 so that the three-stage or Four gear ratios can be achieved.

In the manual transmission having such a configuration, a method for smoothly transmitting the rotational force of the engine transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the reverse gear 56 to the reverse counter gear 58 on the main shaft 4 at the time of reversing, In the present invention, the synchronizer ring 66 is slidably mounted to an outer circumference of the idle gear 60, and then the sliding gear 62 mounted to the idle shaft 6 is shifted to the synchronizer ring 66 at the reverse shift. To be synchronized.

Here, the sliding gear 62 slides in the axial direction along the threaded portion 64a of the guide gear 64 formed on the outer circumferential portion of the idle shaft 6, and the fork catches into which the shift fork 72 is inserted in the outer circumferential portion. The groove 62b is formed. A lower end of the sliding gear 62 is formed with a threaded portion 62a that engages with the threaded portion 64a, and the synchronizer ring 66 is frictionally coupled through a spline formed on an inclined surface. This sliding gear 62 is always meshed with the reverse gear 56 provided on the input shaft 2.

A screw portion 60a formed in the idle gear 60 in the synchronizer ring 66 slid axially along the idle shaft 6 by the sliding gear 62 while being pressed by the elastic means. Meshed with the pressurized member and is pressed by the elastic means. Herein, a compression coil spring 68 is used as the elastic means, and a snap ring for preventing the synchronizer ring 66 from being released by pressurization of the compression coil spring 68 at the front end of the idle gear 60 ( 70) is inserted.

The idle gear 60 meshed with the sliding gear 62 via the synchronizer ring 66 smoothly transmits the rotational force transmitted through the reverse gear 56 to the reverse counter gear 58 on the main shaft 4. It acts as a function, and is always bite with the reverse counter gear 58 provided on the main shaft (4).

Next, a reverse shift process of the manual transmission according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

When the driver operates the shift lever to reverse the vehicle, the sliding gear 62 follows the threaded portion 64a of the guide gear 64 in accordance with the operation of the shift fork 72 fitted in the fork engaging groove 62b. While sliding in the axial direction is engaged with the synchronizer ring 66 mounted on the threaded portion (60a) of the idle gear (60). At this time, when the sliding gear 62 is further pushed by operating the shift fork 72, the synchronizer ring 66 overcomes the elastic force of the compression coil spring 68 and follows the threaded portion 60a formed in the idle gear 60. While moving in the axial direction, as shown in the imaginary line, the threaded portion 62a formed at the lower end of the sliding gear 62 is engaged with the threaded portion 60a formed at the idle gear 60.

Accordingly, the rotational force of the engine transmitted from the input shaft 2 through the reverse gear 56 is smoothly passed to the reverse counter gear 58 on the main shaft 4 via the idle gear 60 installed on the idle shaft 6. As the direction of rotation is changed, the vehicle can reverse.

In the exemplary embodiment of the present invention described above, the case of a manual transmission mounted on an FF vehicle is illustrated as an example, but it can be understood that the present invention can be applied to a FR vehicle according to a person skilled in the art. will be.

According to the present invention described above, by using a trust bolt that can be easily coupled and fixed to the threaded portion formed on the shaft instead of a circular clip that takes a lot of time when assembling, it is possible to shorten the assembly time and improve workability In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced by reducing the number of parts.

Claims (3)

An input shaft 2 provided with a plurality of drive gears and a reverse gear 56, which is operatively connected to the engine, is arranged in parallel with the input shaft 2, and is connected to the input shaft 2 according to the operation of the synchromesh mechanism. The main shaft (4) provided with the driven gear and reverse counter gear (58), which is selectively engaged with the installed drive gear and the reverse gear, and the rotational force of the engine transmitted through the reverse gear (56) installed on the input shaft (2). In the manual transmission for an automobile comprised of the idle shaft 6 which transmits to the reverse counter gear 58 installed in (4) and enables reversal, The sliding gear 62 is moved in the axial direction along the guide gear 64 formed on the outer circumferential portion of the idle shaft 6, and the fork catching groove 62b into which the shift fork 72 is inserted is formed on the outer circumferential portion. , A synchronizer ring 66 which slides in the axial direction along the idle shaft 6 by the sliding gear 62 in a pressurized state by elastic means, An idle gear 60 engaged with the sliding gear 62 via the synchronizer ring 66 to transmit the rotational force transmitted through the reverse gear 56 to the reverse counter gear 58 on the spindle 4. Manual transmission for cars comprising a. The method of claim 1, The elastic means is a vehicle manual transmission, characterized in that the compression coil spring. The method of claim 1, And a snap ring (70) fitted into the idle gear (60) to restrain the synchronizer ring (66).

Images