CN102628493A

CN102628493A - Automatic speed changer

Info

Publication number: CN102628493A
Application number: CN2012101255418A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 向永川
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2012-04-26
Filing date: 2012-04-26
Publication date: 2012-08-08
Anticipated expiration: 2032-04-26
Also published as: CN102628493B; WO2013159720A1

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic speed changer. The automatic speed changer comprises a gear range gear transmission system and a gear shift mechanism execution system and is characterized in that: the gear shift mechanism execution system comprises an operating control device, a reverse action device and a transmission shifting device; the reverse action device comprises a control frame, a driving frame, a driven frame and a spring; the driving frame is elastically connected with the driven frame through the spring; the driving frame and the driven frame are in axial slide fit with the control frame respectively; the slide stroke of the driving frame is larger than that of the driven frame, and the middle point of the slide stroke of driving frame and the middle point of the slide stroke of driven frame are on the same plane; the operating control device can make the driving frame move so as to force the driven frame to reversely move; and the driven frame is moved to make the transmission shifting device force the gear range gear transmission system to shift so as to change the speed. The automatic speed changer has the advantages of high transmission efficiency, variable gear ranges and long service life, can be assembled on various motor vehicles and agricultural machinery and can save power and fuel when used.

Description

Automatic transmission

Technical field

The present invention relates to the automatic transmission of shift speed change in the motor vehicle transmission, relate in particular to the full automaticity shift speed change gear of electric motor car, fuel vehicle, PHEV, it belongs to the mechanical transmissioning technology field.

Background technique

Existing ST mechanical efficiency is low, fragile, and cost is high, unstable properties; The automatic mechanical transmission volume is big, and property of automatic shft is poor; The hydraulic automatic speed variator transmission efficiency is low, costs an arm and a leg; The mechanical type manual speed-changer complex operation, mechanical efficiency is low, and it is convenient inadequately to use.

In the prior art, (application number: 200910067026.7) disclosed automobile double clutch type automatic gearbox transmission device, it mainly is made up of double clutch assembly, front and back clutch actuating mechanism and speed-change gear box in the Chinese invention patent application.Its cost is high, and two gears can only be arranged, and friction clutcch is short working life, and maintenance cost is high, and is not suitable for sulky vehicle.

Chinese invention patent application (application number: 200910103507.9) disclosed double cam self-adapting automatic gear shifting hub; It comprises: power plant, chain stay, casing, braking device and the transmission shaft that is arranged in the casing and cooperates with its transmission; Also comprise and keep off driving mechanism slowly and be arranged on the cone-disk clutch double cam self-adapting speed changing assembly on the transmission shaft, keep off transmission shaft slowly and be arranged in the casing and be rotatably assorted with casing and parallel with transmission shaft.It keeps off driving mechanism and the conical surface friction transmission that is arranged on the cone-disk clutch double cam self-adapting speed change employing on the transmission shaft slowly; Two gears can only be arranged, the ordinary easy heating of conical surface friction clutch during transmission, and transmitting torque is little; Working life is short, can only be fit to sulky vehicle.

(application number: 200910107640.1) disclosed 6-speed automatic transmission and transmission system thereof, it comprises: power input shaft, planet row, housing, gearshift parts and one-level deceleration system in the Chinese invention patent application.Its cost is high, and volume is big, complex structure, and maintenance cost is high, and mechanical efficiency is low, is not suitable for small-sized electric car and light-duty vehicle.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to: solve problems such as having cost is high, mechanical efficiency is low, unstable properties, maintenance cost height in the current automatic transmission technology, the present invention provides that a kind of transmission efficiency is high, the shelves number is the amount doesn't matter, long service life, stable performance, automatic transmission that maintenance cost is low.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention realizes by the following technical programs:

A kind of automatic transmission; Be to be assemblied in the casing or wheel hub or gearbox through bearing; And being packaged with lubricant oil, it comprises shifting gear transmission system, gear shift mechanism executive system, it is characterized in that: said gear shift mechanism executive system comprises Effector, counteragent device, transmission COMM communication; Said counteragent device also comprises control frame, active frame, driven, spring; Initiatively frame is connected through spring with driven, active frame and driven respectively with control the frame axial sliding fit, the sliding stroke of sliding stroke than driven of active frame is big; Initiatively the mid point of frame sliding stroke and the mid point of driven sliding stroke be on same, and device has compressed spring between active frame and driven; Initiatively frame is connected with Effector, and driven is connected with the transmission COMM communication, and driven counteragent forces shifting gear transmission system shift and realize speed change; Said shifting gear transmission system is twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or transmission type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly or hub-type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly.

Said twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system is fork type twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or single guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or a plurality of guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system,

Said fork type twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system is that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system, and the wherein driven outer groove that set up, outer groove intermittently are slidingly matched and are equipped with passive shift fork; One end of passive shift fork and guide rod is fixed; The guide rod Spielpassung is passed axle sleeve, and axle sleeve is fixed in the gearbox, and the other end of guide rod is fixed with shift fork; Shift fork cooperates with synchronizer combined cover or mobile combined cover on the gear axle; Synchronizer or mobile combined cover are assemblied between the little sliding gear and big sliding gear on the gear axle, and changeable gear axle of synchronizer or mobile combined cover and little sliding gear and gear axle are in transmission connection with big sliding gear, and gearwheel fixing on little sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft meshes; The pinion of fixing on big sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft; The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear, the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear, and the gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto;

Said single guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system is that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system; Wherein driven is equipped with bearing pin; Bearing pin passes the radially elongated hole and axial hollow cavity of gear axle, and the pin shaft hole of guide rod one end is passed at the bearing pin middle part, and guide rod is contained in the hollow cavity of gear axle; Be equipped with second bearing pin in the pin shaft hole of the guide rod the other end; Second bearing pin passes the radially elongated hole and the mobile combined cover of gear axle and fixes, and the two ends of second bearing pin are fixed in two pin shaft holes that move the combined cover middle part, and mobile combined cover is assemblied between little sliding gear and the big sliding gear; Move the mobile changeable gear axle of combined cover and being in transmission connection of little sliding gear and gear axle and big sliding gear; Gearwheel fixing on little sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft meshes, the pinion of fixing on big sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft, and the diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear, the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto;

Said a plurality of guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system is that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system, and the gear axle is provided with the groove with axis parallel and symmetrical distribution, and guide rod is housed in the groove; Leave the space between the inner headed face of guide rod and little sliding gear or big sliding gear, an end of guide rod is connected with driven, and the other end is connected with mobile combined cover; Each outwards protrudes a crank throw two ends of guide rod, the driven inner groove that set up, and mobile combined cover is provided with outer groove; Driven is symmetrical set jagged respectively with mobile combined cover accordingly; Crank throw is contained in the breach, and the crank throw at guide rod two ends extend into inner groove and outer groove respectively, and the breach disc of inner groove and outer groove respectively and jump ring is housed between the crank throw; The opening of jump ring places the projection place of inner groove or outer groove; Mobile combined cover is assemblied between little sliding gear and the big sliding gear, and that moves combined cover moves back and forth being in transmission connection of changeable gear axle and little sliding gear and gear axle and big sliding gear, and the gearwheel of fixing on little sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft meshes; The pinion of fixing on big sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft; The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear, the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear, and the gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto.

Said multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system is two grades of triple axle constant mesh gear transmission systems or third gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system,

Said two grades of triple axle constant mesh gear transmission systems are that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system; Wherein driven an axial end and mobile combined cover are fixed; The mating face of moving combined cover can move axially an axial end of protrusion gear axle; The mating face of moving combined cover is provided with engagement pawl or joining hole or tooth embedding mating face; One axial end of gear axle and an axial end of output shaft leave the hollow cavity running in bearings that space or gear axle one axial end be provided with projection and output shaft one end setting and are rotatably assorted, and the shaft axis of gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of output shaft, and an end of output shaft is fixed with and moves the big combination gear that combined cover combines or separates; Big combination gear and the second fixing pinion of transmission countershaft one end; The transmission countershaft the other end is equipped with gearwheel through overrunning clutch, the pinion that gearwheel and gear axle are fixing, and the diameter of small gear is littler than the diameter of big combination gear, the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of second small gear; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and output shaft is a pto;

Said third gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system is little sliding gear and the fixing second largest gear engagement of driving gear axle that is equipped with the gear axle assembling of gear shift mechanism executive system; The big sliding gear of gear axle assembling and the second fixing pinion of driving gear axle; The middle part device of driving gear axle has the second gear shift mechanism executive system; Gearwheel engagement, the second largest sliding gear of driving gear axle assembling and the pinion that countershaft is fixed that second little sliding gear of driving gear axle assembling and countershaft are fixing; The velocity ratio of little sliding gear and second largest gear is distinguished identical or inequality with the velocity ratio of the second little sliding gear and gearwheel and the velocity ratio of second largest sliding gear and small gear respectively with the velocity ratio of the big sliding gear and second small gear; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto.

Said transmission type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system; Intermittently be slidingly matched on the gear axle small sun gear and big sun gear are housed; Small sun gear is provided with engagement pawl or joining hole or tooth embedding mating face with big sun gear; Be equipped with mobile combined cover between small sun gear and the big sun gear; Mobile combined cover is had a rest with the gear between centers through spline and is cooperated, the big ring gear engagement that the major planets wheel engagement while of small sun gear and planet carrier assembling and casing are fixed, and the asteroid wheel of big sun gear and planet carrier assembling meshes while and the fixing small internal gear engagement of casing; Between the inner headed face of the hollow shaft that the planet carrier middle part is fixing and the periphery of gear axle one end bearing is housed; The diameter of small sun gear is littler than the diameter of big sun gear, the diameter of major planets wheel is bigger than the internal diameter of small internal gear than the internal diameter of big, the big ring gear of diameter of asteroid wheel, and gear axle or active cover are the power input components, and hollow shaft is a pto; Said active cover is to be enclosed within on the flip sleeve through helical tooth, and flip sleeve is enclosed within on the gear axle through spline or helical tooth.

Said hub-type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is accelerating type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly or slowdown type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly,

Said accelerating type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is that the driving sleeve device has the gear shift mechanism executive system, and an end of wherein driven is fixed with ring gear and extend on the outer groove that moves combined cover one end, and ring gear and mobile combined cover intermittently are slidingly matched; Moving combined cover intermittently cooperates with dead axle through spline; Sun gear intermittently is slidingly matched and is enclosed within on the dead axle, between driven cover and the wheel hub overrunning clutch is housed, and driven cover and planet carrier are fixed; The fixing axostylus axostyle of planet carrier is equipped with planet wheel through bearing; The fixing ring gear of planet wheel and wheel hub meshes simultaneously and the sun gear engagement, and intermittently engage sleeves is on flip sleeve through spline for driven cover, and flip sleeve is initiatively putting through helical tooth engage sleeves at intermittence; The ring gear of driven cover one end setting extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with; Initiatively cover is contained on the dead axle through bearing, and initiatively cover is the power input component, and wheel hub is the power output member;

Said slowdown type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is that the driving sleeve device has the gear shift mechanism executive system, and an end of wherein driven or inner headed face and mobile combined cover are fixed, and moves combined cover and puts driven through spline housing; Driven cover intermittently is slidingly matched and is equipped with planet carrier; The periphery of external tooth sun gear one end that one end of planet carrier and wheel hub are fixing intermittently is slidingly matched, and planet carrier is rotatably assorted and is equipped with gear shaft, and an end of gear shaft is fixed with asteroid wheel; The other end of gear shaft is equipped with the major planets wheel through overrunning clutch; Major planets wheel and the fixing external toothing engagement of driven cover, the external tooth sun gear engagement that asteroid wheel and wheel hub are fixing, an axial end face of external tooth sun gear cooperates the combination that realizes transmission with mobile combined cover or separates; Driven cover passes through spline engage sleeves at intermittence on flip sleeve; Flip sleeve is initiatively putting through helical tooth engage sleeves at intermittence, and the ring gear of driven cover one end setting extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with, and the diameter that major planets is taken turns is bigger than the diameter of asteroid wheel; Initiatively cover is the power input component, and wheel hub is the power output member.

Said gear shift mechanism executive system is respectively fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of flyball crank throw in jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system or steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the flyball crank throw

Said jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system is that initiatively the ring gear of cover intermittently is slidingly matched and is contained on the gear axle outer groove; Initiatively intermittently engage sleeves is on flip sleeve through helical tooth for cover, and intermittently engage sleeves is on the gear axle through spline or helical tooth for flip sleeve, and flip sleeve is assemblied between the fixing back-up ring of ring gear and gear axle; The return spring of compression is housed between one axial end of flip sleeve and the back-up ring of gear axle; Return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and an end of flip sleeve is fixed with the crank throw shape arm of force, and the arm of force is provided with sliding tooth; Sliding tooth extend into the initiatively groove of frame; The control frame is fixed on the gear axle that is provided with external splines through internal spline and jump ring or positioning ring, and initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thus the gear in the switching shifting gear transmission system;

Said steel ball ramp type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system is the gear axle by the fixing block set of spline and centring ring, the block set symmetry be fixed with the steel ball pipe, the steel ball pipe is provided with the opening that beveled claw is passed; Opening is located at the center position of steel ball pipe, and the axial line of the axial line of steel ball pipe and gear axle is vertical or tilt, and beveled claw is fixed on the inner headed face of afterburning circle; One end of afterburning circle is the arm of force fixedly, and the arm of force and movable stand are fixed, and movable stand passes through spline engage sleeves at intermittence on the gear axle; The return spring of compression is housed between movable stand and the block set; Return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and an end of the arm of force is pusher dog fixedly, and pusher dog extend into the initiatively groove of frame; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thereby switches the gear in the shifting gear transmission system;

Fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system is the gear axle by the fixing block set of spline and centring ring in the said flyball crank throw, and block set is symmetrical is fixed with lug, is provided with elongated hole between per two lugs; The elongated hole of the elongated hole of block set and gear axle connects, and crank throw is installed between two lugs and passes elongated hole, and crank throw and lug flexibly connect by bearing pin; Crank throw one end is fixed with flyball, and the other end is provided with a big fork, and the both sides of big fork respectively are provided with a little fork; Big fork fork is on the guide rod that installs in the gear shaft hollow chamber; Little fork fork is on the axostylus axostyle that guide rod one end is fixed, and the fork of two crank throw symmetries is equipped with second bearing pin in the pin shaft hole of the guide rod other end on the axostylus axostyle of guide rod; Second bearing pin passes the elongated hole of gear axle and fixes with the active frame; The two ends of second bearing pin are fixed in two pin shaft holes at active frame middle part, and return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and return spring is compressed between block set and the active frame; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thereby switches the gear in the shifting gear transmission system;

The outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of said flyball crank throw is that the gear axle passes through spline and positioning ring fixed cover seat, overlaps the lug that is fixed with of seat symmetry, and each lug passes the elongated hole of crank throw and passes through the bearing pin flexible connection; Crank throw one end is fixed with flyball, and the other end is provided with a big fork, and the both sides of big fork respectively are provided with a little fork; Big fork is the radially cylindrical both sides of semicircle fork at the gear axle; Two little forks are pitched respectively on the axostylus axostyle that two movement rods are fixed, and the fork of two crank throw symmetries is on the axostylus axostyle of movement rod, and the middle part of movement rod is fixed with afterburning circle; Afterburning snare is on the cylindrical of return spring; Return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and return spring is compressed between cover seat and the active frame, and the other end of movement rod is fixed with the active frame; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thereby switches the gear in the shifting gear transmission system.

Said gear shift mechanism executive system is an internal cover type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system, and initiatively cover is fixed with back-up ring, and the return spring of compression is housed between back-up ring and the flip sleeve; Return spring is enclosed within initiatively and puts; The ring gear of driven cover one end setting extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with, and drivenly is arranged with at least two elongated holes, and the corresponding position of flip sleeve and elongated hole is provided with screw hole; Bolt passes retainer ring and sleeve pipe is fixed on the flip sleeve through screw hole; Leave the space between retainer ring and the driven cover, on the retainer ring symmetry be fixed with at least two crank throw shape arm of forces, the pusher dog of arm of force setting extend into the initiatively groove of frame; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thereby switches the gear in the shifting gear transmission system.

Said gear shift mechanism executive system also comprises the counteragent device, and said counteragent device is respectively to lead the outer counteragent device of pawl formula or lead counteragent device or outer counteragent device of sliding shaft or the interior counteragent device of sliding shaft in the pawl formula,

The said outer counteragent device of pawl formula of leading is that two outer sliding teeth of initiatively frame are assemblied in four of control frame respectively and lead between per two of pawl; Initiatively two of frame outer sliding teeth are assemblied in driven two between the sliding tooth; Each is led pawl and is fixed with two outer baffle blocks and two internal stops respectively; Inner side surface between two outer baffle blocks can contact the location with driven axial end; Inner side surface between two internal stops can contact the location with the axial end of active frame, an end of spring and the initiatively spring abutment assembling of frame, and the other end assembles with driven second spring abutment; The spring abutment or second spring abutment are separately positioned on the position that frame initiatively or driven axially move back and forth midplane between two end faces of effective contact location; Control frame, active frame, driven, all axial symmetric arrangement of spring, initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big, and described spring is dolioform stage clip;

Said lead counteragent device in the pawl formula be initiatively in two of frame two outer sliding teeth of sliding tooth and driven be assemblied in fixing four of control frame respectively and lead between per two of pawl; Driven two outer sliding teeth are assemblied in two of frame initiatively between the sliding tooth; Each is led pawl and is fixed with two outer baffle blocks and two internal stops respectively; Inner side surface between two outer baffle blocks can contact the location with the axial end of active frame; Inner side surface between two internal stops can contact the location with driven axial end, an end of spring and the initiatively spring abutment assembling of frame, and the other end assembles with driven second spring abutment; Control frame, active frame, driven, all axial symmetric arrangement of spring, initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big;

Two outer sliding sleeves that the outer counteragent device of said sliding shaft is an initiatively frame are assemblied in respectively on two interior slide-bars of control frame; Initiatively frame is assemblied in driven circle the inside; Two inner sliding sleeves of driven are assemblied in respectively on two outer slide-bars of control frame, and outer sliding sleeve is provided with spring abutment, and inner sliding sleeve is provided with second spring abutment; Interior slide-bar or outer slide-bar are fixed with two block faces respectively; Each block face can with driven or initiatively the axial end of frame contact location, an end of spring assembles with the spring abutment of frame initiatively, the other end and driven 's second spring abutment assembles; The spring abutment or second spring abutment are separately positioned on the position that frame initiatively or driven axially move back and forth midplane between two end faces of effective contact location; Control frame, active frame, driven, all axial symmetric arrangement of spring, initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big, and described spring is dolioform stage clip;

Two inner sliding sleeves that the interior counteragent device of said sliding shaft is an initiatively frame are assemblied in respectively on two outer slide-bars of control frame; Initiatively frame is assemblied in driven outside; Two outer sliding sleeves of driven are assemblied in respectively on two interior slide-bars of control frame, and outer slide-bar or interior slide-bar are fixed with two block faces respectively, each block face can with driven or initiatively the axial end of frame contact the location; One end of spring and the initiatively spring abutment assembling of frame; The other end and driven 's second spring abutment assembling, control frame, the equal axial symmetric arrangement of frame, driven, spring initiatively, initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big.

Said multi-axle constant mesh gear transmission system can also be fourth gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system or transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system,

Said fourth gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system be the big sliding gear that assembles on second largest gear engagement fixing on little sliding gear and the driving gear axle that is equipped with on the gear axle of jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system, the gear axle with the driving gear axle on second pinion of fixing; The middle part device of driving gear axle has the second gear shift mechanism executive system; Fixing pinion on the gearwheel engagement of fixing on second little sliding gear of driving gear axle assembling and the countershaft, the second largest sliding gear of driving gear axle assembling and the countershaft; The velocity ratio of little sliding gear and second largest gear is distinguished inequality with the velocity ratio of the second little sliding gear and gearwheel and the velocity ratio of second largest sliding gear and small gear respectively with the velocity ratio of the big sliding gear and second small gear; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto;

Said transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system is that the gear axle is equipped with steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of crank throw; Wherein driven is connected with the synchronizer combined cover or fixes with mobile combined cover; The mating face of moving combined cover can move axially an axial end of protrusion gear axle; The mating face of moving combined cover is provided with engagement pawl or joining hole or tooth embedding mating face; One end of gear axle and an end of driving gear axle leave the hollow cavity running in bearings that space or gear axle one end be provided with projection and the one end setting of driving gear axle and are rotatably assorted; The shaft axis of gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of driving gear axle, and an end of driving gear axle is fixed with and moves the big combination gear that combined cover combines or separates, big combination gear and the second fixing pinion of transmission countershaft one end; The transmission countershaft the other end is equipped with gearwheel through overrunning clutch; The pinion that gearwheel and gear axle are fixing is fixed with third pinion between the big combination gear of driving gear axle and the second gear shift mechanism executive system, in the second gear shift mechanism executive system second driven be connected with the second synchronizer combined cover or with second move combined cover and fix; Second move combined cover the mating face can move axially an end of protrusion driving gear axle; Second move combined cover the mating face be provided with engagement pawl or joining hole or tooth embedding mating face, the hollow cavity running in bearings that an end of driving gear axle is provided with projection and pto one end setting is rotatably assorted, the shaft axis of driving gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of output shaft; One end of output shaft is fixed with second and moves the second largest combination gear that combined cover combines or separates; The fourth pinion engagement that second largest combination gear and second transmission countershaft, one end are fixing, the second transmission countershaft the other end is equipped with second largest gear through overrunning clutch, the third pinion engagement that second largest gear and driving gear axle are fixing; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and output shaft is a pto;

Said driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system is a fixing second largest gear engagement on little sliding gear and the driving gear axle that is equipped with on the gear axle of gear shift mechanism executive system; Second pinion of fixing on big sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the driving gear axle; The middle part device of driving gear axle has the second gear shift mechanism executive system; Third pinion fixing on the third-largest gear engagement, the second largest sliding gear on the driving gear axle and the second driving gear axle of fixing on the second little sliding gear of driving gear axle the other end assembling and the second driving gear axle meshes; The middle part device of the second driving gear axle has the 3rd gear shift mechanism executive system; Gearwheel engagement, the third-largest sliding gear on the second driving gear axle and the fixing pinion of countershaft that the 3rd little sliding gear of second driving gear axle the other end assembling and countershaft are fixing; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto.

According to above principle that is in transmission connection and method, said multi-axle constant mesh gear transmission system can also be transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system,

Said transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system is that the hollow cavity running in bearings that the gear axle that is equipped with the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or crank throw is provided with projection and the setting of driving gear axle is rotatably assorted; The pinion that big combination gear that the driving gear axle is fixing and transmission countershaft are fixing; Transmission countershaft is equipped with gearwheel through overrunning clutch; The pinion that gearwheel and gear axle are fixing; The driving gear axle is identical is equipped with steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of crank throw; The driving gear axle is provided with projection being in transmission connection one by one identical with being in transmission connection of next or a plurality of and driving gear axle and transmission countershaft; Last and the output shaft outputting power that is in transmission connection can be realized a plurality of grades automatic speed changing;

Said driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system be equipped with on the gear axle of gear shift mechanism executive system two sliding gears respectively with two fixing gear engagement of driving gear axle; The middle part device of driving gear axle has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of crank throw; Two sliding gears of driving gear axle assembling again with next or a plurality of driving gear axles being in transmission connection one by one successively; At last be connected outputting power with countershaft gearing; Can realize a plurality of grades automatic speed changing; At one grade is bottom gear; Shelves such as fourth gear or five grades or six grades or seven grades or eight grades are in the drive mechanism of top gear successively, and the return spring rigidity in the gear shift mechanism executive system of each grade is big successively or the steel ball gross mass is successively little or the inclined-plane gradient of beveled claw is successively little or the flyball quality is successively little, realizes that the top gear shift is higher than the needed rotating speed of bottom gear shift successively.Be used for Lightweight Vehicles and can realize the speed change of four automatic transmission to tens automatic transmissions.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of automatic transmission of the present invention is:

1. this automatic transmission has adopted the counteragent device, and it is active in one's movements reliably, switches gear through synchronizer or mobile combined cover and realizes speed change; Because the snap-in force of transmission makes the counteragent device could the automatic switchover gear when transmission is synchronous; Guaranteed the continuity and the stationarity of transmission of power, the counteragent device can be stabilized in a gear with certain speed range, can be through quickening or slow down to carry out shift in going; Convenient and flexible operation has improved the power character and the Economy of vehicle;

2. moment of torsion shifting apparatus and rotating speed shifting apparatus make the counteragent device carry out shift fast, thereby are determined and automatic and the adaptive gearing efficient that effectively improves of power by the physical attribute of mechanism;

3. adopted pure mechanical transmission to obtain the highest mechanical efficiency; Help energy-saving and emission-reduction; And it is simple in structure; Gear in its shifting gear transmission system, external splines gear axle, synchronizer, move basic identical in combined cover and the existing manually-operable speed changer that uses, the production inheritance is good, low cost of manufacture.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the example structure schematic representation of the twin shaft second gear speed change of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that schematic representation is looked on the left side of the counteragent device part among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is that schematic representation is looked on the right side of the control frame part among Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the example structure schematic representation of three four-speed gear shifts of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is that schematic representation is looked on the left side of the counteragent device part of gear axle assembling among Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the schematic representation of the control frame part among Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is that schematic representation is looked on the right side of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is that schematic representation is looked on the left side of the Effector part of driving gear axle assembling among Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 is the example structure schematic representation of four four-speed gear shifts of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 10 is the example structure schematic representation of three three class gear shifts of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 11 is the example structure schematic representation of the electric motor car second gear variable speed drives wheel of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 12 is the example structure schematic representation of the electric motor car back axle second gear variable speed electric motors, particularly of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 13 is the example structure schematic representation of the acceleration wheel hub second gear speed change of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 14 is that schematic representation is looked on the left side of the counteragent device part of driven cover assembling among Figure 13;

Figure 15 is that schematic representation is looked on the right side of control frame part among Figure 14;

Figure 16 is the example structure schematic representation of the deceleration wheel hub second gear speed change of automatic transmission of the present invention;

Figure 17 is the example structure schematic representation of five three class gear shifts of automatic transmission of the present invention.

Embodiment

Like Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, be the embodiment of the twin shaft second gear speed change of automatic transmission of the present invention.Gear axle 1 is assemblied in the casing 24 through bearing 23, on the gear axle, is equipped with jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system.Effector 9 wherein is initiatively to overlap 3 ring gear 5 intermittently to be slidingly matched and to be contained on the gear axle outer groove 4; Initiatively cover passes through helical tooth engage sleeves at intermittence on flip sleeve 2; Intermittently engage sleeves is on the gear axle through spline for flip sleeve, and flip sleeve is assemblied between the back-up ring 7 that is provided with on ring gear and the gear axle, and the return spring 8 of compression is housed between flip sleeve and the back-up ring; Return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and the right-hand member of flip sleeve is fixing with the active frame 10 in the counteragent device 12 through link press span 104.Initiatively two of frame outer sliding teeth 101 are assemblied in four of control frame 13 respectively and lead between per two of pawl 131; Initiatively two of frame outer sliding teeth are assemblied in driven 11 two between the sliding tooth 111; Each leads the inner side surface that pawl is fixed with respectively between two outer baffle blocks 132 and 133, two outer baffle blocks of two internal stops can contact the location with driven axial end, and the inner side surface between two internal stops can contact the location with the axial end of active frame; One end of spring 29 and initiatively spring abutment 102 assemblings of frame; The other end and driven 's second spring abutment, 112 assemblings, spring is selected dolioform stage clip for use, and initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big 6 millimeters.

The internal spline of control frame cooperates with the external splines of gear axle and is fixing through positioning ring 22, and initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, driven gear that switches in the shifting gear transmission system through transmission COMM communication 17; Driven outer groove intermittently is slidingly matched and is equipped with passive shift fork 16; The left end of passive shift fork and guide rod 15 is fixed; The guide rod Spielpassung is passed axle sleeve 18, and axle sleeve is fixed in the casing, and the right-hand member of guide rod is fixed with shift fork 14; Shift fork cooperates with the combined cover of the synchronizer 19 of gear axle assembling; The joint of the changeable gear axle of synchronizer and little sliding gear 20 and gear axle and big sliding gear 21 or separate, gearwheels 26 engagements that the little sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and countershaft 25 are fixing, small gear 27 fixing on the big sliding gear that assembles on the gear axle and the countershaft meshes; The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear, and the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear.Power input gear 6 is fixed on initiatively and puts, and power output gear 28 is fixed on the countershaft.One grade shown in Figure 1 is in jointing state, and the automatic transmission that can be used as two shelves is assemblied in the Lightweight Vehicles.

Like Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, be the embodiment of three four-speed gear shifts.On gear axle 1, be equipped with jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system; Effector 9 wherein is initiatively to overlap 3 to pass through helical tooth engage sleeves at intermittence on flip sleeve 2; Flip sleeve passes through spline housing on the gear axle; The right-hand member of flip sleeve is fixing with the active frame 10 in the counteragent device 12 through link press span 104, and link press span passes from the outer circumferential edge of return spring 8, and initiatively two outer sliding sleeves 103 of frame are assemblied in respectively on two interior slide-bars 134 of control frame 13; Initiatively frame is assemblied in driven 11 the circle; Two inner sliding sleeves 113 of driven are assemblied in respectively on two outer slide-bars 135 of control frame, the left-hand component of control frame be can load and unload and fix attach frame 137, interior slide-bar and outer slide-bar are fixed with two block faces 136 respectively; Each block face can with driven or initiatively the axial end of frame contact the location; One end of spring 29 and initiatively spring abutment 102 assemblings of frame, the other end and driven second spring abutment, 112 assemblings, the spring abutment and second spring abutment are separately positioned on the position that frame initiatively and driven axially move back and forth midplane between two axial ends that effective contact locatees; Control frame, active frame, driven, all axial symmetric arrangement of spring; Initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big, is equipped with the passive shift fork 16 in the transmission COMM communication 17 on driven the annular groove outside, the joint of the synchronizer 19 changeable gear axles in the transmission COMM communication and little sliding gear 20 and gear axle and big sliding gear 21 or separate; The little sliding gear of gear axle assembling and driving gear axle 30 fixing second largest gears 261 mesh, second small gear, 271 engagements that the big sliding gear of gear axle assembling and driving gear axle are fixing.The middle part device of driving gear axle has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system, and the internal spline of the cover seat 31 in the external splines of driving gear axle and second Effector 91 cooperates and fixes through positioning ring, cover seat symmetry be provided with through hole steel ball pipe 32; Steel ball 33 is equipped with in the inside, and steel ball and beveled claw 36, steel ball pipe and driving gear are coupling and touch, and the steel ball pipe is provided with the opening that beveled claw is passed; Opening is located at the center position of steel ball pipe; The shaft axis of steel ball pipe is vertical with the shaft axis of driving gear axle, and beveled claw is fixed on the inner headed face of afterburning circle 35, and the right side of afterburning circle is the arm of force 37 fixedly; The arm of force and movable stand 34 are fixing; Intermittently engage sleeves is on the driving gear axle through spline for movable stand, and second return spring, 81, the second return springs that compression is housed between movable stand and the cover seat are enclosed within on the driving gear axle; The right-hand member of the arm of force is provided with pusher dog 371; Pusher dog extend into the initiatively groove of frame 105 of second in the second counteragent device 121, second initiatively moving of frame can make second driven 114 and oppositely move, realize shifts through the second transmission COMM communication 171 for second driven.

The groove of setting and axis parallel and symmetrical distribution on the driving gear axle is equipped with slide bar 38 in groove, leave the space between the inner headed face of the slide bar and the second little sliding gear 201; The slide bar left end is connected with second driven; Right-hand member is connected with mobile combined cover 39, and each outwards protrudes a crank throw, the second driven inner groove that set up the two ends of slide bar; Mobile combined cover is provided with outer groove; Second driven is symmetrical set jaggedly respectively with mobile combined cover accordingly, and crank throw is contained in the breach, and the crank throw at slide bar two ends extend into inner groove and outer groove respectively; Between the breach disc of inner groove and the crank throw 381 jump ring 221 is housed; Second jump ring 222 is housed between the breach disc of outer groove and the crank throw, and the opening of the jump ring and second jump ring places the projection place of inner groove and outer groove respectively, and that moves combined cover moves back and forth being in transmission connection of changeable driving gear axle and the second little sliding gear 201 and driving gear axle and second largest sliding gear 211; The second little sliding gear 201 of driving gear axle assembling meshes with countershaft 25 fixing gearwheels 26; The second largest sliding gear 211 of driving gear axle assembling and fixing small gear 27 engagements of countershaft, initiatively overlapping of gear axle 1 left end is fixed with power input gear 6 on 3, and the countershaft right-hand member is fixed with power output gear 28.The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear, and the diameter of the second little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of second largest sliding gear, and the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear, and the diameter of second largest gear is bigger than the diameter of second small gear.One grade shown in Figure 4 is in jointing state, and the automatic transmission that can be used as four-speed gear shift is assemblied in motorcycle, PHEV.Moment of torsion shift when realizing big load improves the working condition of motor or motor.Such as the problem that solves vehicle start, climbing over-emitting black exhaust.

As shown in Figure 9, be the embodiment of four four-speed gear shifts.Assembling steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system on gear axle 1; Comprise Effector 9, counteragent device 12, transmission COMM communication 17; Second largest gear 261 fixing on little sliding gear 20 that gear axle 1 assembles and the driving gear axle 30 meshes, second small gear, 271 engagements of fixing on the big sliding gear 21 of gear axle assembling and the driving gear axle; The middle part device of driving gear axle has second Effector 91, the second counteragent device 121, the second transmission COMM communication 171; On driven therein 11 bearing pin 47 is housed; Bearing pin passes the radially elongated hole 401 and axial hollow cavity 40 of driving gear axle; The pin shaft hole of guide rod 15 left ends is passed at the bearing pin middle part, and guide rod is contained in the hollow cavity of gear axle, is equipped with second bearing pin 471 in the pin shaft hole of guide rod right-hand member; It is fixing that second bearing pin passes the radially elongated hole and the mobile combined cover 39 of gear axle, and the two ends of second bearing pin are fixed in two pin shaft holes that move the combined cover middle part; Second little sliding gear 201 of driving gear axle assembling and the second driving gear axle, 301 fixing the third-largest gears 262 mesh, the second largest sliding gear 211 and fixing third pinion 272 engagements of the second driving gear axle of the assembling of driving gear axle; The middle part device of the second driving gear axle has the 3rd Effector 92, the 3rd counteragent device 122, the 3rd transmission COMM communication 172; The 3rd little sliding gear 202 of second driving gear axle assembling meshes with countershaft 25 fixing gearwheels 26, the third-largest sliding gear 212 of second driving gear axle assembling and fixing small gear 27 engagements of countershaft; Gear axle 1 is fixed with power input gear 6, and countershaft is fixed with power output gear 28.At one grade is bottom gear; Fourth gear is in the drive mechanism of top gear; Return spring rigidity in the 3rd Effector 92 is bigger than the return spring rigidity in second Effector 91, and the return spring rigidity in second Effector 91 is bigger than the return spring rigidity in the Effector 9.The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear; The diameter of the second little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of second largest sliding gear; The diameter of the 3rd little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of the third-largest sliding gear; The diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear, and the diameter of second largest gear is bigger than the diameter of second small gear, and the diameter of the third-largest gear is bigger than the diameter of third pinion.One grade shown in Figure 9 is in jointing state, and the automatic transmission that can be used as four-speed gear shift is assemblied in electric motor car, PHEV, small-sized fuel vehicle.

Shown in figure 10, be the embodiment of three three class gear shifts.Device has fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system outside the flyball crank throw on gear axle 1, and Effector 9 wherein is that the gear axle passes through spline and positioning ring fixed cover seat 31, overlaps two lugs 41 that are fixed with of seat symmetry; Each lug passes the through hole of crank throw 42 curved parts and flexibly connects through bearing pin 47, and the crank throw left end is fixed with flyball 44, and the other end is provided with a big fork 43 of semicircle; The both sides of big fork respectively are provided with a little fork 45; Big fork fork is in the radially cylindrical both sides of gear axle, and little fork fork is on the axostylus axostyle 48 that movement rod 46 left ends are fixed, and the fork of two crank throw symmetries is on the axostylus axostyle of movement rod; The middle part of movement rod is fixed with afterburning circle 35; Afterburning snare is on the cylindrical of return spring 8, and return spring is enclosed within on the gear axle, and return spring is compressed between cover seat and the active frame 10; The other end of movement rod is fixed with the active frame; Initiatively moving of frame can make counteragent device 12 force mobile combined cover 39 in the transmission COMM communication 17 to switch being in transmission connection of gear axles and little sliding gear 20 and gear axle and big sliding gear 21, the assembling of gear axle little sliding gear and driving gear axle 30 on fixing second largest gear 261 engagements, second small gear of fixing on the big sliding gear of gear axle assembling and the driving gear axle 271 meshes; The middle part device of driving gear axle has fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system in the flyball crank throw; Comprise second Effector 91, the second counteragent device 121, the second transmission COMM communication 171, the driving gear axle through the fixing second cover seat of spline and positioning ring 310, the second cover seats symmetrical be fixed with four lugs; Be provided with elongated hole between per two lugs; The elongated hole of the second cover seat and the radially elongated hole of driving gear axle 401 connect, and second crank throw 421 is installed between two lugs and passes elongated hole, and second crank throw and lug flexibly connect through bearing pin; Second crank throw, one end is fixed with flyball; The other end is provided with a big fork, and the both sides of big fork respectively are provided with a little fork, and big fork fork is on the guide rod 15 of 40 li devices of the axial hollow cavity of driving gear axle; Little fork fork is on second axostylus axostyle 481 that the guide rod left end is fixed; The fork of two second crank throws symmetry on second axostylus axostyle of guide rod, be equipped with in the pin shaft hole of guide rod right-hand member radially elongated hole that second bearing pin, 471, the second bearing pins pass the driving gear axle with second initiatively frame 105 fix; Second return spring 81 is enclosed within on the driving gear axle and is compressed in the second cover seat with second initiatively between the frame, thus second initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving force second gear that move in the combined cover 391 switching shifting gear transmission systems.

Fixing gearwheel 26 meshes on second little sliding gear 201 of driving gear axle assembling and the countershaft 25; The second largest sliding gear 211 of driving gear axle assembling and fixing small gear 27 engagements of countershaft; The diameter of little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of big sliding gear; The diameter of the second little sliding gear is littler than the diameter of second largest sliding gear, and the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of small gear, and the diameter of second largest gear is bigger than the diameter of second small gear; The gear axle is a power input shaft, and countershaft is a pto.One grade shown in Figure 10 is in jointing state, and the automatic transmission that can be used as three class gear shift is assemblied in motorcycle, PHEV.

Shown in figure 11, be the embodiment of electric motor car second gear variable speed drives wheel.Device has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system on the gear axle 1 in the motor case of electric motor car, and Effector 9, counteragent device 12, transmission COMM communication 17 are arranged, and wherein driven 11 fixing with mobile combined cover 39; Mobile combined cover can move right and protrude the right-hand member of gear axle; The right-hand member that moves combined cover is provided with tooth embedding mating face, and the hollow cavity running in bearings that gear axle right-hand member is provided with projection and output shaft 53 left end settings is rotatably assorted, and the gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of output shaft; The left end of output shaft is fixed with and moves the big combination gear 263 that combined cover combines or separates; Second small gear, 271 engagements that big combination gear and transmission countershaft 52 right-hand members are fixing, the transmission countershaft left end is equipped with gearwheel 26 through overrunning clutch, small gear 27 engagements that gearwheel and gear axle are fixing; The central part of the left end of gear axle and rotor 56 is fixed; Motor coil 51 is fixed on the inside of casing 24, and the right-hand member of output shaft stretches out with driving wheel 50 fixing from the axis hole of casing, be equipped with bearing 23 between the axis hole of output shaft and casing and gearbox 57; And through oil sealing 55 encapsulation lubricant oil, vehicle frame chain stay 49 is fixed through bolt and casing right side.The diameter of small gear is littler than the diameter of big combination gear, and the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of second small gear.One grade shown in Figure 11 is in jointing state, is convenient to electric motor car starting and climbing, can improve the mechanical efficiency of motor.

Shown in figure 12, be the embodiment of electric motor car back axle second gear variable speed electric motors, particularly.Device has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system on the gear axle 1 in the motor case of electric motor car back axle; Effector 9, counteragent device 12, transmission COMM communication 17 are arranged; Wherein driven is connected with mobile combined cover 39, intermittently is slidingly matched on the gear axle small sun gear 203 and big sun gear 213 are housed, and small sun gear is provided with joining hole with big sun gear; Be equipped with mobile combined cover between small sun gear and the big sun gear; Mobile combined cover is had a rest with the gear between centers through spline and is cooperated, and the axial two ends of moving combined cover are equipped with engagement pawl, and the major planets wheel 64 that small sun gear and planet carrier 60 fixing gear shafts 61 assemble meshes simultaneously and casing 24 fixing big ring gears 62 mesh; The 59 engagement whiles of asteroid wheel of big sun gear and planet carrier assembling and fixing small internal gear 63 engagements of casing; Between the inner headed face of the hollow shaft 58 that the planet carrier middle part is fixing and the periphery of gear axle right-hand member bearing is housed, the central part of the left end of gear axle and rotor 56 is fixed, and motor coil 51 is fixed on the gearbox 57 that is provided with in the casing 24; The left end axis hole of gearbox is through oil sealing 55 encapsulation lubricant oil; The diameter of small sun gear is littler than the diameter of big sun gear, and the diameter of major planets wheel is bigger than the diameter of asteroid wheel, and the internal diameter of big ring gear is bigger than the internal diameter of small internal gear.One grade shown in Figure 12 is in jointing state, can be assemblied in electro-tricycle, electrocar, its casing and axle casing sealing and fixing, the fixedly driven gear of driving gear and rear axle differential engagement on the hollow shaft.Especially also can make things convenient for the motor counter-rotating to realize reversing.

Like Figure 13, Figure 14 and shown in Figure 15, be the embodiment who quickens wheel hub second gear speed change.The driving sleeve device has internal cover type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system; Constitute by Effector 9, counteragent device 12 and transmission COMM communication 17, initiatively overlap 3 left end and be fixed with back-up ring 7, the return spring 8 of compression is housed between back-up ring and the flip sleeve 2; Return spring is enclosed within initiatively and puts; The ring gear 5 of driven cover 70 right-hand member settings extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with, and drivenly is arranged with two radially elongated holes 401, and symmetry is fixed with two crank throw shape arm of forces 37 on the flip sleeve; The pusher dog 371 of arm of force setting extend into the initiatively groove of frame 10; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven 11 and oppositely move, and initiatively two outer sliding teeth 101 of sliding tooth 111 and driven 11 are assemblied in fixing four of control frame 13 respectively and lead between per two of pawl 131 in two of frame, and two outer sliding teeth of driven are assemblied in two of frame initiatively between the sliding tooth; Each is led pawl and is fixed with two outer baffle blocks 132 and two internal stops 133 respectively; Inner side surface between two outer baffle blocks can contact the location with the axial end of active frame, and the inner side surface between two internal stops can contact the location with driven axial end, an end of spring 29 and initiatively spring abutment 102 assemblings of frame; The other end and driven 's second spring abutment, 112 assemblings, initiatively the shift motion of shift motion than driven of frame is big 4 millimeters.

The periphery of driven inner headed face and internal tooth casing 65 is fixed; Internal tooth casing passes through spline engage sleeves at intermittence on driven cover 70; The ring gear of internal tooth casing left end extend in the annular groove outside that moves combined cover 39, moves combined cover and passes through spline engage sleeves at intermittence on dead axle 67.Driven cover is fixed with planet carrier 60; The periphery of the left end of planet carrier and external tooth sun gear 71 right-hand members intermittently is slidingly matched, and the planet carrier left end is fixed with gear shaft 61, and gear shaft is equipped with planet wheel 54 through bearing; Planet wheel and wheel hub 66 fixing ring gear 69 engagements are meshed with the external tooth sun gear simultaneously; The external tooth sun gear intermittently is slidingly matched and is assemblied on the dead axle, and the external tooth sun wheel shaft is closed the combination that realizes transmission through the tooth scarf or separated to the left side of right side and mobile combined cover, and initiatively cover is enclosed within the right-hand member of dead axle 67 through bearing 23 and oil sealing 55; Wheel hub through bearing housing the dead axle left end with initiatively overlap right-hand member; Be equipped with overrunning clutch 68 between driven cover right-hand member periphery and the wheel hub, initiatively the right-hand member of cover and sprocket wheel 72 are fixing, and wheel hub and wheel are fixed.One grade shown in Figure 13 is in jointing state, is that moment of torsion big situation lower hub and sprocket wheel rotate synchronously, and the mechanical efficiency of transmission is the highest.

Shown in figure 16, be the embodiment of deceleration wheel hub second gear speed change.The driving sleeve device has internal cover type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system, and wherein Effector 9 is initiatively to overlap 3 left ends to be fixed with back-up ring 7, and the return spring 8 of compression is housed between back-up ring and the flip sleeve 2; Return spring is enclosed within initiatively and puts; The ring gear 5 of driven cover 70 right-hand member settings extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with, and drivenly is arranged with two radially elongated holes 401, and the corresponding position of flip sleeve and elongated hole is provided with screw hole; Bolt passes retainer ring 73 and is fixed on the flip sleeve through screw hole with sleeve pipe; Leave the space between retainer ring and the driven cover, on the retainer ring symmetry be fixed with two crank throw shape arm of forces 37, the pusher dog 371 of arm of force setting extend into the groove of the active frame 10 in the counteragent device 12; Initiatively moving of frame can make driven 11 and oppositely move, and control frame 13 is fixed on driven putting through spline and positioning ring.The periphery of the mobile combined cover 39 in driven inner headed face and the transmission COMM communication 17 is fixed, and moves combined cover and passes through spline housing on driven cover 70.Driven cover intermittently is slidingly matched and is equipped with planet carrier 60, and the periphery of external tooth sun gear 71 right-hand members that the axial left end of planet carrier and wheel hub 66 are fixed intermittently is slidingly matched, and planet carrier is rotatably assorted and is equipped with gear shaft 61; The left end of gear shaft is fixed with asteroid wheel 59; The right-hand member of gear shaft is equipped with major planets wheel 64 through overrunning clutch, major planets wheel and the fixing external toothing engagement of driven cover, the external tooth sun gear engagement that asteroid wheel and wheel hub are fixing; The external tooth sun wheel shaft is closed the combination that realizes transmission through the tooth scarf or is separated to the left side of right side and mobile combined cover; Intermittently engage sleeves is on flip sleeve 2 through spline for driven cover, and flip sleeve is initiatively overlapping on 3 through helical tooth engage sleeves at intermittence, and initiatively cover is through the right-hand member of bearing housing at dead axle 67; Wheel hub puts in dead axle and active through bearing housing; Initiatively the right-hand member of cover and sprocket wheel 72 are fixing, and wheel hub and wheel are fixed, and the diameter of major planets wheel is bigger than the diameter of asteroid wheel.One grade shown in Figure 16 is in jointing state, is gearing down under the big situation of moment of torsion; Be that sprocket wheel and wheel hub rotate synchronously, can obtain the highest transmission efficiency in the common road conditions under the little situation of moment of torsion.Can be assemblied in the mid-electric motor car of motor, be convenient to starting and climbing, improve the mechanical efficiency of motor.

Shown in figure 17, be the embodiment of five three class gear shifts.Gear axle 1 is equipped with steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system; Constitute by Effector 9, counteragent device 12 and transmission COMM communication 17; Driven therein axial right-hand member and mobile combined cover 39 are fixing; The mating face of moving combined cover can move axially the right-hand member of protrusion gear axle; Move the combined cover right-hand member and be provided with tooth embedding mating face, the hollow cavity running in bearings 23 that gear axle right-hand member is provided with projection and the 30 left end settings of driving gear axle is rotatably assorted, and the shaft axis of gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of driving gear axle; The left end of driving gear axle is fixed with and moves the big combination gear 263 that combined cover combines or separates; Second small gear, 271 engagements that big combination gear and transmission countershaft 52 right-hand members are fixing, the transmission countershaft left end is equipped with gearwheel 26 through overrunning clutch, small gear 27 engagements that gearwheel and gear axle left end are fixing.Between the big combination gear on the driving gear axle and the second steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system, be fixed with third pinion 272; The middle part device of driving gear axle has second Effector 91, the second counteragent device 121 and the second transmission COMM communication 171; It is fixing that driven right-hand member wherein and second moves combined cover 391; Second move combined cover the mating face can move axially the right-hand member of protrusion driving gear axle; Second moves the axial right-hand member of combined cover is provided with tooth embedding mating face; The hollow cavity that driving gear axle right-hand member is provided with projection and output shaft 53 left end settings assembles second bearing 231 and is rotatably assorted; The shaft axis of driving gear axle overlaps with the shaft axis of output shaft, and the left end of output shaft is fixed with second and moves the second largest combination gear 264 that combined cover combines or separates, fourth pinion 273 engagements that second largest combination gear and second transmission countershaft, 521 right-hand members are fixing; The second transmission countershaft left end is equipped with second largest gear 261 through overrunning clutch, third pinion 272 engagements that second largest gear and driving gear axle are fixing.The diameter of small gear is littler than the diameter of big combination gear, and the diameter of gearwheel is bigger than the diameter of second small gear, and the diameter of second largest gear is bigger than the diameter of fourth pinion, and the diameter of third pinion is littler than the diameter of second largest combination gear.The gear axle is a power input shaft, and output shaft is a pto.One grade shown in Figure 17 is in jointing state, and advantage is not have separated state in the transmission, has guaranteed the continuity of transmission shift; Adopt tooth embedding face to combine or separation, its shift motion is little, can make the smaller volume of automatic transmission; Being convenient to the Lightweight Vehicles assembling uses; Pto can also reverse, can be not stuck when sulky vehicle is retrodicted, conveniently park cars.

The transmission principle and the operating process of automatic transmission of the present invention are:

Embodiment with three four-speed gear shifts of automatic transmission describes; Like Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7 and shown in Figure 8, it belongs to moment of torsion and rotating speed mixing automatic gear-shifting, and the Effector of gear axle assembling is when moment of torsion increases; The active force of helical tooth strengthens; Force flip sleeve to slide to right-hand member, return spring is compressed, and flip sleeve is fixedly coupled frame and promotes initiatively frame to the right; Initiatively frame is controlled the move right spring that makes compression of frame relatively driven pressure direction is constantly changed; When pressure direction is changed into moment from right to left from left to right, the counteragent device quicks rebound driven is promoted from right to left, and driven promotes passive shift fork and the synchronizer in the transmission COMM communication is moved from right to left the gear axle is separated with big sliding gear and realize engaging of gear axle and little sliding gear; When the high rotating speed of high pulling torque, synchronizer switches to second gear with the third gear of driving gear; When the high pulling torque slow-speed of revolution, synchronizer switches to one grade with the second gear of driving gear.

Part device has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system in the driving gear axle, and the steel ball of the through hole steel ball pipe of second Effector is when rotating speed increases, because centrifugal force increases; Steel ball outwards produces the effect of power to beveled claw, beveled claw is moved axially from right to left, and the arm of force and movable stand move accordingly from right to left simultaneously; Second return spring is compressed; The pusher dog of arm of force right-hand member moves the active of second in second counteragent device frame, and the mobile of the second active frame makes second driven oppositely to move, and second driven forces mobile combined cover mobile from left to right; When the high rotating speed of high pulling torque, mobile combined cover switches to third gear with the second gear of driving gear; When the high rotating speed of little moment of torsion, mobile combined cover switches to fourth gear with the third gear of driving gear.The velocity ratio of the velocity ratio of little sliding gear and gearwheel and small gear and big sliding gear is distinguished inequality with the velocity ratio of the second little sliding gear and second largest gear and the velocity ratio of second small gear and second largest sliding gear respectively; One grade shown in Figure 4 is in jointing state, explains that automatic transmission is to be in the slow-revving running state of high pulling torque.

The operation of shift is to be to quicken earlier to slow down from the operation that bottom gear becomes top gear again, and the operation that becomes bottom gear from top gear is to slow down earlier to quicken again, and principle is that synchronizer or the snap-in force of mobile combined cover in transmission are eliminated and automatic gear-shifting.

Although the present invention has been carried out foregoing description in conjunction with accompanying drawing; But the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, and above-mentioned embodiment only is schematically, rather than restrictive; Those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; Under the situation that does not break away from aim of the present invention, can also make a lot of distortion, these all belong to the row of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. automatic transmission; Be to be assemblied in the casing or wheel hub or gearbox through bearing; And being packaged with lubricant oil, it comprises shifting gear transmission system, gear shift mechanism executive system, it is characterized in that: said gear shift mechanism executive system comprises Effector, counteragent device, transmission COMM communication; Said counteragent device also comprises control frame, active frame, driven, spring; Initiatively frame is connected through spring with driven, active frame and driven respectively with control the frame axial sliding fit, the sliding stroke of sliding stroke than driven of active frame is big; Initiatively the mid point of frame sliding stroke and the mid point of driven sliding stroke be on same, and device has compressed spring between active frame and driven; Initiatively frame is connected with Effector, and driven is connected with the transmission COMM communication, and driven counteragent forces shifting gear transmission system shift and realize speed change; Said shifting gear transmission system is twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or transmission type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly or hub-type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly.

2. automatic transmission according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system is fork type twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or single guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system or a plurality of guide bar twin shaft constant mesh gear transmission system

3. automatic transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system is two grades of triple axle constant mesh gear transmission systems or third gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system,

4. automatic transmission according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said transmission type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is that the gear shaft device has the gear shift mechanism executive system; Intermittently be slidingly matched on the gear axle small sun gear and big sun gear are housed; Small sun gear is provided with engagement pawl or joining hole or tooth embedding mating face with big sun gear, is equipped with mobile combined cover between small sun gear and the big sun gear, and mobile combined cover is had a rest with the gear between centers through spline and cooperated; The major planets wheel engagement while of small sun gear and planet carrier assembling and the fixing big ring gear engagement of casing; The asteroid wheel engagement while of big sun gear and planet carrier assembling and the fixing small internal gear engagement of casing, between the inner headed face of the hollow shaft that the planet carrier middle part is fixing and the periphery of gear axle one end bearing is housed, the diameter that the diameter of small sun gear is littler than the diameter of big sun gear, major planets is taken turns is bigger than the internal diameter of small internal gear than the internal diameter of big, the big ring gear of diameter of asteroid wheel; Gear axle or active cover are the power input components; Hollow shaft is a pto, and said active cover is to be enclosed within on the flip sleeve through helical tooth, and flip sleeve is enclosed within on the gear axle through spline or helical tooth.

5. automatic transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said hub-type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly is accelerating type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly or slowdown type epicyclic gear train gear train assembly,

6. according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 described automatic transmission; It is characterized in that: said gear shift mechanism executive system is respectively fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of flyball crank throw in jacket-type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system or steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the flyball crank throw

7. automatic transmission according to claim 5 is characterized in that: said gear shift mechanism executive system is an internal cover type moment of torsion gear shift mechanism executive system, and initiatively cover is fixed with back-up ring; The return spring of compression is housed between back-up ring and the flip sleeve, and return spring is enclosed within initiatively and puts, and the ring gear of driven cover one end setting extend in the outer groove that initiatively cover is provided with; Drivenly be arranged with at least two elongated holes; The corresponding position of flip sleeve and elongated hole is provided with screw hole, and bolt passes retainer ring and sleeve pipe is fixed on the flip sleeve through screw hole, leaves the space between retainer ring and the driven cover; Symmetry is fixed with at least two crank throw shape arm of forces on the retainer ring; The pusher dog of arm of force setting extend into the initiatively groove of frame, and initiatively moving of frame can make driven reverse moving, thereby switches the gear in the shifting gear transmission system.

8. according to claim 2 or 3 or 4 or 5 described automatic transmission; It is characterized in that: said gear shift mechanism executive system also comprises the counteragent device; Said counteragent device is respectively to lead the outer counteragent device of pawl formula or lead counteragent device or outer counteragent device of sliding shaft or the interior counteragent device of sliding shaft in the pawl formula

9. automatic transmission according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said multi-axle constant mesh gear transmission system is fourth gear triple axle constant mesh gear transmission system or transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system

10. automatic transmission according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said multi-axle constant mesh gear transmission system is transmission shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system or driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system,

Said driving gear shaft type multiaxis constant mesh gear transmission system be equipped with on the gear axle of gear shift mechanism executive system two sliding gears respectively with two fixing gear engagement of driving gear axle; The middle part device of driving gear axle has steel ball oblique plane type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system or the outer fork type rotating speed gear shift mechanism executive system of crank throw; Two sliding gears of driving gear axle assembling again with next or a plurality of driving gear axles being in transmission connection one by one successively; At last be connected outputting power with countershaft gearing; Can realize a plurality of grades automatic speed changing; At one grade is bottom gear; Shelves such as fourth gear or five grades or six grades or seven grades or eight grades are in the drive mechanism of top gear successively, and the return spring rigidity in the gear shift mechanism executive system of each grade is big successively or the steel ball gross mass is successively little or the inclined-plane gradient of beveled claw is successively little or the flyball quality is successively little.