KR0183561B1 - Absorptive refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses an absorption chiller.

According to the present invention, it is difficult to heat the solution pump according to the level of the solution in the high temperature regenerator, so that the solution flow can be easily ensured without overloading the solution pump, and the life of the pump can be significantly increased to reduce the depreciation ratio. In addition, the above-described effects can be obtained by installing solenoid valves capable of shortening the dilution operation time by the refrigerant pump.

Description

Absorption Chiller

1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of a conventional absorption chiller.

Figure 2 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the absorption chiller according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

30: refrigerant pump 40: solution pump

52: evaporator 53: absorber

60: low temperature heat exchanger 70: high temperature heat exchanger

80: high temperature regenerator 85: level controller

92: condenser 93: low temperature regenerator

100, 110, 120: solenoid valve 101: eductor

The present invention relates to an absorption refrigerating machine, and more particularly, to an apparatus for eliminating frequent estrus of a solution pump at start, stop and partial load, and shortening the dilution operation time.

In general, the absorption chiller uses a mixture of lithium bromide (LiBr), which is an absorbent, and water, which is a refrigerant, that is, a diluent solution.

The refrigerant in this absorption refrigerator is converted to water vapor and condensed by a condenser, which enters an evaporator, vaporizes, and then reacts with an absorbent in an absorber to form a dilute solution. It is also preheated through two heat exchangers and concentrated in a high and low temperature regenerator.

Figure 1 schematically shows the structure of such a conventional absorption chiller.

Absorption chiller is a refrigerant vapor absorbed by the absorbent in the absorber 11 of the evaporator 10, the heat of condensation and the absorbent absorbs moisture as the refrigerant changes from the vapor state to lower the concentration and dilute heat (稀釋 熱) ) Is generated.

On the other hand, the dilution heat is removed by the cooling water supplied to the tube 12 of the absorber 11, and the cold water is cooled in a cold state. In addition, the diluted absorbent, that is, the diluted solution, which absorbed moisture is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 16 via the low temperature and high temperature heat exchangers 14 and 15 by driving the solution pump 13.

The high temperature regenerator 16 reheats the dilute solution introduced via the high temperature heat exchanger 15 by a heat source (not shown) to separate the hot vapor and the concentrated absorbent.

The hot steam is sent into the tube 18 of the cold regenerator 17 and the concentrated solution is heat exchanged in the hot heat exchanger 15 and then sent to the cold regenerator 17 and the tube 18 connected to the hot regenerator 16. It is reheated by the steam passing through it.

In addition, the vaporized refrigerant vapor is supplied to the condenser 19, cooled and condensed by the cooling water and supplied to the evaporator 10 in a liquefied state. The concentrated solution is also sent to absorber 11 via low temperature heat exchanger 14.

On the other hand, in the high temperature regenerator 16, to control the solution pump 13 and the solution control valve 20 in accordance with the level of the solution in the high temperature regenerator 16 to adjust the amount of solution sent to the high temperature regenerator 16 The controller 21 is installed.

In such absorption chillers, the pressure in the hot regenerator 16 is low at the start, stop and partial load of the freezer, so that the amount of solution sent from the solution pump 13 to the high temperature regenerator 16 is higher than the rated load. The flow rate of the concentrated solution flowing from the high temperature regenerator 16 to the low temperature regenerator 17 is deteriorated, and there is a problem in that the fretting frequency of the solution pump 13 becomes frequent and the starting characteristics are also reduced.

In addition, the dilution operation is performed in order to prevent the solutions in the pipes from crystallizing before stopping the use of the freezer.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an absorption chiller structure for greatly shortening the dilution operation time without repeating the frequent pumping of the solution pump during startup, stoppage and partial load. It is done.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a condenser in which refrigerant vapor is condensed, an evaporator in which refrigerant enters and evaporates from the condenser, a refrigerant pump supplying refrigerant to the evaporator, and refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator by an absorbent. A high temperature regenerator separating the absorber from the diluent solution of the absorber and supplying the refrigerant and the absorbent to the condenser and the absorber, a low temperature pump for exchanging the refrigerant introduced by the solution pump In the absorption chiller is provided with a heat exchanger, a high temperature heat exchanger for reheating the refrigerant via the low temperature heat exchanger, and a level controller installed in the high temperature regenerator to sense the level of the solution,

A first pipe installed between the high temperature heat exchanger and the high temperature regenerator and communicating between the pipe through which the dilution solution flows and the pipe through which the concentrated solution flows;

A first solenoid valve installed at a portion of the first pipe and operating as the level controller senses the level of the solution;

A second pipe communicating with a pipe through which the dilute solution flowing into the absorber flows from a portion of the pipe communicating with the high temperature heat exchanger and the low temperature regenerator;

A second solenoid valve installed at a portion of the second pipe to bypass the solution flowing from the high temperature heat exchanger to the low temperature regenerator so as to enter the absorber;

A third pipe communicating with a low temperature regenerator in a portion of the pipe communicating with the refrigerant pump and the evaporator;

Part of the third pipe is characterized in that the third solenoid valve for bypassing the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator from the refrigerant pump to be introduced into the low temperature regenerator.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment of the absorption chiller according to the present invention will be described in detail.

In FIG. 2, the absorption chiller is driven by the refrigerant pump 30 and the solution pump 40 in accordance with the operation signal, and a normal cycle is formed after the startup operation time of about 20 to 30 minutes.

The lower shell 50 connected to the refrigerant pump 30 and the pipe 31 maintains a high vacuum of about 6 mmHg. The lower shell 50 is provided with an evaporator 52 in which water, which is a refrigerant, is sprayed through the nozzle 51 through a pipe 32, and a first tube 32 through which cold water flows inside the evaporator 52. It is installed so that the refrigerant boils at the saturation temperature corresponding to the pressure to take heat from the cold water and evaporate. Thus, cold water is cooled in a cold state.

In addition, in the absorber 53, vaporized vapor is absorbed by lithium bromide, which is an absorbent. At this time, latent heat of condensation is generated, and the absorbent absorbs moisture, thereby lowering the concentration and generating heat of dilution. In order to remove such dilution heat, a second tube 34 through which cooling water flows is installed in the absorber 53.

On the other hand, the diluted absorbent absorbing the water, that is, the dilution solution is supplied to the high temperature regenerator 80 via the low temperature and high temperature heat exchangers 60 and 70 by the solution pump 40 installed under the absorber 53. do.

An upper shell 90 having a vacuum pressure of about 60 mm Hg is provided below the high temperature regenerator 80, and a condenser 92 and a low temperature regenerator 93 are provided inside.

This dilution solution is reheated by a heat source (not shown) in the high temperature regenerator 80 and separated into hot vapor and concentrated absorbent, and the high temperature steam is sent into the third tube 35 of the low temperature regenerator 93. .

Subsequently, the concentrated solution is heat-exchanged in the high temperature heat exchanger (70) and then sent to the low temperature regenerator (93), and heated by steam passing through the third tube (35) connected in the high temperature regenerator (80).

In addition, the evaporated refrigerant vapor is supplied to the condenser 92, condensed by the cooling water absorbed dilution heat in the absorber 53 is supplied to the evaporator 52 in a liquefied state. In addition, the concentrated solution is absorbed while being sprayed into the absorber 53 via the low temperature heat exchanger (60).

As such, the concentrated solution is supplied to the absorber 53 to repeat the process of absorbing the refrigerant vapor again.

Then, the refrigerant sprayed on the tube of the evaporator 52 is collected in a refrigerant box (not shown) to repeat the process of being injected into the first tube 33 of the evaporator 52 by the refrigerant pump 40.

On the other hand, in the high temperature regenerator 80, in order to control the solution pump 40 and the solution control valve 41 according to the level of the solution in the high temperature regenerator 80 to adjust the amount of the solution sent to the high temperature regenerator 80 The controller 85 is installed.

The controller 85 checks the level of the dilution solution in the high temperature regenerator 80 and adjusts the estrus of the solution pump 40 according to the level, which is provided by the present invention to optimize the estrus. Installed solenoid valves 100, 110, 120.

In order to install such solenoid valves 100, 110, 120, a dilution solution flows through a pipe 71 a provided between the high temperature heat exchanger 60 and the high temperature regenerator 80, and the high temperature regenerator 80 and the high temperature. A pipe 71b through which a concentrated solution flows is provided between the heat exchangers 70, and a first pipe 73 communicating between these pipes 71a and 71b is provided.

A part of the first pipe 73 is operated according to the level of the solution sensed by the level controller 85 to bypass the dilution solution flowing through the pipe 71a in the high temperature heat exchanger 70 to thereby produce a high temperature. The first solenoid valve 100 is installed to mix with the concentrated solution flowing out from the regenerator 80 through the pipe 71b.

In addition, according to another feature of the present invention, by installing an (eductor: 101) at the point where the first pipe (73) and the pipe (71b) is connected so that the concentrated solution and dilution solution can be easily integrated.

In addition, the second pipe 75 is connected to a pipe 74b through which the dilution solution flowing into the absorber 53 flows from a portion of the pipe 74a communicating the high temperature heat exchanger 70 and the low temperature regenerator 93. A second solenoid valve 110 is installed at a portion of the second pipe 75 to bypass the concentrated solution introduced into the low temperature regenerator 93 from the high temperature heat exchanger 70 to be introduced into the absorber 53.

The first and second solenoid valves 100 and 110 installed in this way are excellent in maneuverability of the solution pump 40 to heat the concentrated solution, and flow of the concentrated solution flowing from the high temperature regenerator 80 to the low temperature regenerator 93. To facilitate.

Meanwhile, a third pipe 36 is installed at a portion of the pipe 31 that communicates with the evaporator 52 in the refrigerant pump 30, and the third pipe 36 is connected to the low temperature regenerator 93.

In addition, by installing a third solenoid valve 120 in a portion of the third pipe 36 to bypass the refrigerant flowing from the refrigerant pump 30 to the evaporator 52 and to be introduced into the low temperature regenerator 93. The dilution time, which takes ~ 30 minutes, can be shortened to less.

This can supply water, which is a refrigerant, at the same time as the upper and lower shells 90 of the low temperature regenerator to remove the absorbent to be crystallized in the pipes in such a short time. Thus, the absorption chiller can quickly reach normal operation.

As such, the absorption chiller in which the solenoid valves 100, 110, and 120 are installed has a prolonged service life because the estrous heat of the solution pump 40 is eliminated, and the failure of the solution pump 40 is also reduced. It can reduce the speed, improve the maneuverability and expect the quiet operation.

As described above, the absorption chiller according to the present invention can prevent excessive driving of the solution pump and can shorten the dilution operation time, thereby improving performance and saving depreciation cost compared to conventional products.

Claims (2)

A condenser in which the refrigerant vapor condenses, an evaporator in which the refrigerant flows from the condenser and evaporates, a refrigerant pump supplied to the evaporator, an absorber in which the refrigerant vapor evaporated in the evaporator is absorbed by the absorber, and the refrigerant and the absorbent from the dilution solution of the absorber. A high temperature regenerator for separating and supplying the condenser and the absorber, a solution pump for sending the solution in the absorber to the high temperature regenerator, a low temperature heat exchanger for exchanging the refrigerant introduced by the solution pump, and a reheat heat exchanger for the refrigerant via the low temperature heat exchanger. An absorption type refrigerator having a high temperature heat exchanger and a level controller installed in the high temperature regenerator for detecting a level of a solution, the piping 71a installed between the high temperature heat exchanger 70 and the high temperature regenerator 80 and in which a dilute solution flows. Installed between the high temperature regenerator 80 and the high temperature heat exchanger 70, and a concentrated solution flows. First pipe 73 and the communication between the pipe (71b): The first solenoid valve 100 is installed in a portion of the first pipe 73 is operated as the level controller 85 senses the level of the solution (100) )Wow; A second pipe (75) communicating with a portion of the pipe (74a) communicating the high temperature heat exchanger (70) and the low temperature regenerator (93) with a pipe (74b) through which the dilute solution flowing into the absorber (53) flows; A second solenoid valve 110 installed at a portion of the second pipe 75 to bypass the solution flowing into the cold regenerator 93 from the high temperature heat exchanger 70 to be introduced into the absorber 53; ; A third pipe (36) for communicating with the low temperature regenerator (93) at a portion of the pipe (32) which communicates with the refrigerant pump (30) and the evaporator (52); A third solenoid valve 120 is provided at a portion of the third pipe 36 to bypass the refrigerant flowing into the evaporator 52 from the refrigerant pump 30 to the low temperature regenerator 93. Absorption refrigerator characterized in that. The method of claim 1, wherein the absorber freezer, characterized in that the concentrated solution and the dilution solution is easily installed by installing an (eductor: 101) at the point where the first pipe (73) and the pipe (71b) is connected .