KR0153879B1 - The method of cultivating mushrooms - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention cultivates mushrooms that are cultured by inoculating mushroom seedlings and culturing the microorganisms capable of controlling fungi and various microorganisms that can be contaminated during the cultivation of mushrooms without harming the growth of the mushrooms. It is about. When cultivating mushrooms by the method of the present invention, fruiting bodies can be formed in high yield within a short time without sterilization of the medium during the cultivation of mushrooms.

Description

How to grow mushrooms

The present invention relates to a method of cultivating mushrooms (molecules). More specifically, the present invention, by culturing the microorganisms that can be contaminated during the cultivation of mushrooms and various microorganisms that can be contaminated during the cultivation of the mushrooms without any harm to the growth of the mushrooms, in the culture medium of the mushrooms, It relates to a method for forming a fruiting body in high yield in a short time without sterilization of the medium.

Mushrooms are high-protein foods that can replace meat, and are expected to be the next major agricultural products in the future. In particular, mushrooms have been reported anti-cancer, antimicrobial and antiviral effects of the glucan derivatives (polycane) contained in them, which has attracted worldwide attention as a health food and medicinal use (see Miyazaki, T). and Nishijima, M. Chem.Phar.Bull., 29: 3611 (1981); Kim Byung-Kak, et al., Korean Journal of Bacteria, M., Chem, Phar, Bull., 29: 3611 (1981); , 8: 107 (1980); Nomoto, K., J. Clin. Med., 39: 1868 (1981); Tsukahoshi, S. et al., Cancer Treat. Rev., 11: 56 (1984)).

Currently, mushrooms produced in Korea can be classified into the following four kinds according to the production method: First, cultivation method using wood, such as hardwood, which mushrooms meet the growth conditions while the mushrooms have suitable physical conditions for mycelial growth. Is widely used for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms and ganoderma lucidum; Second, the fungal cultivation method using rice straw and waste noodles as a medium source is used for cultivating oyster mushroom; Third, the facility cultivation method to mix the nutrients such as rice bran, wheat bran and jade embryo bag into the medium of sawdust, add water, inoculate spawn aseptically and sterilize the mycelium sufficiently to form fruiting bodies after sterilization and cooling. Is used for cultivating enoki mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, mandarin mushrooms, willow clusters and ganoderma lucidum mushrooms; Fourth, a block cultivation method using a medium source and nutrients of electric facility cultivation is used for the cultivation of shiitake mushroom and leaf mushroom.

Among the mushroom cultivation methods as described above, the timber cultivation method has the disadvantage of risk of destruction of the natural environment due to the depletion of the timber, and it is uneconomical because a lot of manpower and facilities are required to supply the timber; The fungal cultivation method takes a long time for the immersion, storage, sterilization, and fermentation of the dual medium source, and has a disadvantage in that the mushroom harvest is greatly reduced by the generation of microorganisms and germs during cultivation; The facility cultivation method requires a long time until the mycelium inoculates the seedlings and the mycelium sticks to the whole medium, and it is easy to cause contamination by the bacterium and various bacteria in the mycelial process as well as sterilization, cooling and inoculation process. There was a drawback to requiring very skilled personnel to prevent it; The block cultivation method also has the disadvantage of easily reducing the harvest of mushrooms, even by the sterilization process under normal pressure or autoclaving, and easy to be contaminated by fungi and various bacteria.

On the other hand, common wild mushrooms grow well without sterilizing their surroundings, and environmental factors such as soil acidity (pH), nutrients, soil moisture and air humidity play an important role, as well as other microorganisms. It is speculated that the microbial allelopathy plays an important role in producing a material that inhibits growth.

Therefore, the present inventors pay attention to the microorganisms persimmon action, and as a result of intensive research on the mushroom cultivation method that can prevent the generation of bacteria and various germs, mushrooms can be contaminated during the cultivation of mushrooms without any harm to the mushrooms By incorporating microorganisms with potent pathogenicity against asymptomatic fungi or bacteria into mushroom culture media, sterilization process can be omitted during mushroom cultivation to enable complete control of bactericidal and various bacteria, thereby providing high yield mushrooms economically. It was found that the present invention was completed.

As a result, an object of the present invention is to harm the growth of mushrooms, but by culturing microorganisms that can be contaminated during the cultivation of mushrooms and microorganisms that can control various kinds of bacteria in the culture medium of the mushroom, fruiting body can be formed in high yield in a short time It is to provide a method of cultivating mushrooms.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

Cultivation of microorganisms, preferably rod germs or actinomycetes, in which mushrooms can control bactericidal or various bacteria at 20 ° C to 75 ° C, more preferably 30 ° C to 70 ° C, under temperature conditions alone or in a medium source containing nutrients. Alternatively, the culture medium of the microorganism was added to the medium source containing nutrients, and then, the mushroom culture was cooled to an appropriate temperature to inoculate and incubated the mushroom spawn by a conventional method in the art. At this time, the medium source was a sawdust, corn cob (corn cob), coffee gourd, cottonseed gourd, waste cotton and rice straw, and nutrients were used rice bran, bran, jade embryo gourd, bean curd and beer foil.

In addition, in the mushroom cultivation method, the culture medium of the microorganism may be used in a concentrated phase or powder phase, it may further comprise the step of adding nutrients to the medium before inoculating mushroom spawn.

Mushroom cultivation method of the present invention has the following advantages over the conventional method: ① The conventional method is aseptic cooling of the medium by normal or high pressure sterilization, then inoculated mushroom seedlings in a sterile chamber, the present invention is sterilization process and sterile Does not require inoculation indoors. ② Since the conventional method uses only heat-resistant materials such as polypropylene (PP) bottles, PP bags, and HEIDEN bags for sterilization, the unit price is high, but any material may be used in the present invention. ③ The working process is simpler than the conventional method, so the equipment cost is greatly reduced, and no skilled personnel are required. ④ When inoculation of mushroom spawn is significantly shorter than the conventional method, it is possible to obtain a high yield of fruiting body. ⑤ In the conventional method, it takes 40 to 45 days from the culture of the mushroom to mathematics, but in the present invention, it takes 28 to 33 days, so that the period from the culture to the harvest can be shortened by 10 days or more.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. These examples are only for illustrating the present invention in more detail, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. In particular, the culture medium of the mushrooms or rod bacteria and actinomycetes described in the following examples are merely exemplary, and the method of controlling fungi and various bacteria using various mushrooms or rods and actinomycetes from the gist of the present invention is also included in the scope of the present invention. It should be seen that it belongs.

Example 1

Mushroom Cultivation in Stem Culture Medium (Ⅰ)

First, in order to prepare a culture medium of rod bacteria, rod bacteria were inoculated into a liquid medium composed of 2% (W / V) rice bran and 2% (W / V) bran with respect to 1 L of water, and incubated at 45 ° C. for 20 hours. . Thus prepared 400ml of the culture medium was mixed with pine sawdust 700g and rice bran 180g, cooled to the appropriate culture temperature of the oyster and mushrooms, and then inoculated mixed with each mushroom spawn in a bag and molded. The mushroom yield after the period and mycelial growth is shown in Table 1 below. At this time, the control was used mushrooms cultured by the conventional facility cultivation method. As shown in Table 1, according to the cultivation method of the present invention, the period until mycelial swelling is shortened by about 10 days or more, and the yield after growth is much higher than that of the control. Could.

Example 2

Mushroom Cultivation in Stem Bacteria Culture (II)

Inoculate rod bacteria to medium containing 700 g of pine sawdust and 60 g of rice bran for 400 ml of water, incubate at 45 ° C. for 20 hours, cool to the incubation temperature of oyster and mushroom, and add 120 g of rice bran. The mixture was inoculated and mixed with each mushroom spawn, put in a bag, molded and incubated. The mushroom yield after the period and mycelial growth is shown in Table 2 below. At this time, the same thing as Example 1 was used as a control. As shown in Table 2, following the cultivation method of the present invention, the period until mycelial swelling is shortened by about 10 days compared to the control, and the yield after growth is much higher than that of the control. Could know.

As shown in Tables 1 and 2, it was found that the yield of the mushrooms grown by the mixed inoculation of rod bacteria of the present invention is much higher than the mushrooms grown by the conventional method. Therefore, it was confirmed that a high yield of mushrooms can be economically obtained without sterilization by the complete control of fungi and fungi of fungi.

Example 3

Mushroom Cultivation in Actinomycetes Culture Medium

Instead of rod bacteria, mushrooms were grown in the same manner as in Example 1 except for inoculating actinomycetes. The mushroom yield after the period and mycelial growth is shown in Table 3 below. As shown in Table 3, according to the cultivation method of the present invention, the period until mycelial swelling is shortened by about 10 days or more as compared to the control, and the yield after growth is much higher than that of the control. Could.

As shown in Table 3, the yield of the mushrooms grown by the mixed inoculation of actinomycetes of the present invention was found to be much higher than the mushrooms grown by the conventional method. Therefore, it was confirmed that a high yield of mushrooms can be economically obtained without sterilization by the complete control of the mushrooms and various germs by actinomycetes.

As described and proved in detail in the above, the present invention cultivated mushrooms by culturing in the culture medium of mushrooms microorganisms that can control the bacteria and various microorganisms that can be contaminated during the culture of mushrooms without any harm to the growth of mushrooms, It is to provide a method of cultivating mushrooms that can form fruiting bodies in a high yield in a short time without a separate medium sterilization during the process.

Claims (2)

Cultivation of mushrooms comprising the step of directly incubating or incubating the microorganisms that can be contaminated during the culture of mushrooms or microorganisms that can be contaminated with mushrooms or culture medium, and inoculating the mushroom spawn. Way. The method of cultivating a mushroom according to claim 1, wherein the microorganism is rod bacteria or actinomycetes.