JPWO2021043578A5

JPWO2021043578A5 -

Info

Publication number: JPWO2021043578A5
Application number: JP2022514587A
Authority: JP
Publication date: 2023-03-07
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-19

Description

あるいは、セパレータは膜、但し、特にカチオン交換膜であってもよい。そのような膜は、スルホン酸化ポリマー、特に過フッ素化スルホン酸化ポリマーに基づくことができ、例えばＤｕＰｏｎｔからＮａｆｉｏｎの商品名で入手可能である。特に適切なカチオン交換膜は、燃料電池用途に一般的に使用されるような、非補強単層スルホン酸化膜である。 Alternatively, the separator may be a membrane, but especially a cation exchange membrane. Such membranes can be based on sulfonated polymers, in particular perfluorinated sulfonated polymers, and are available, for example, from DuPont under the trade name Nafion. A particularly suitable cation exchange membrane is an unreinforced monolayer sulfonated membrane, such as those commonly used in fuel cell applications.

Claims

an electrolytic cell with an electrolyte, a cathode gas separator, an anode gas separator, a first liquid reservoir for said electrolyte, and a second liquid reservoir for said electrolyte separate from said first liquid reservoir A method for alkaline electrolysis of water in an electrolytic cell comprising at least
said electrolytic cell comprising an anode half-cell having an anode, a cathode half-cell having a cathode, and a separator disposed between said anode half-cell and said cathode half-cell ;
an electric current is applied to the electrolytic cell filled with the electrolyte to perform electrolysis;
electrolyte is supplied to the anode half-cell from the first liquid reservoir and anolyte flowing out of the anode half-cell is supplied to the anode gas separator where gas is separated from the anolyte;
electrolyte is supplied to the cathode half-cell from the second liquid reservoir and catholyte exiting the cathode half- cell is supplied to the cathode gas separator where gas is separated from the catholyte;
degassed anolyte from the anode gas separator is returned to the second liquid reservoir and degassed catholyte from the cathode gas separator is returned to the first liquid reservoir. to be
Method.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the electrolyte comprises aqueous sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

3. Process according to claim 2, characterized in that the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution is used at a concentration in the range of 8% to 45% by weight.

4. Process according to claim 3, characterized in that said aqueous sodium hydroxide solution or potassium hydroxide solution is used in a concentration in the range of 10% to 40% by weight.

A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the electrolytic cell an electrolyte flow rate to cell volume is established in the range of 1-6 L _electrolyte /h·L _{half-cell volume} .

6. Process according to claim 5, characterized in that in the electrolytic cell an electrolyte flow rate to cell volume is established in the range of 2-4 L _electrolyte /h·L _{half-cell volume} .

Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a temperature in the range 50-95°C.

A method according to claim 7, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a temperature in the range of 65-92°C.

Process according to claim 7, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a temperature in the range of 70-90°C.

Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a pressure in the range of up to 30 bar (ie 3,000,000 Pa) .

11. Process according to claim 10, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a pressure in the range of up to 5 bar (i.e. 500000 Pa) .

Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a current density in the range of up to 25 kA/m ² .

13. Process according to claim 12, characterized in that the electrolysis is carried out at a current density in the range of up to 15 kA/m ^<2> .

1. An apparatus for electrolyzing water to hydrogen and oxygen, comprising an anode half-cell having an anode, a cathode half-cell having a cathode, and a separator disposed between the anode half-cell and the cathode half-cell ,
The anode half-cell and the cathode half-cell are each in fluid communication with a liquid reservoir separated from the anode half-cell and the cathode half-cell , and the anode half-cell and the cathode half- cell are respectively with a gas separator separated from the anode half-cell and the cathode half-cell. fluid communication;
said gas separator of said anode half-cell is in fluid communication with said liquid reservoir of said cathode half-cell and not in fluid communication with said liquid reservoir of said anode half -cell; and said gas separator of said cathode half-cell is in fluid communication with said liquid of said anode half-cell . An apparatus, characterized in that it is in fluid communication with a reservoir and is not in fluid communication with said liquid reservoir of said cathode half-cell .

15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the separator has a semipermeable diaphragm or a membrane based on perfluorinated sulfonated polymers .

16. Device according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the anode consists of a nickel-containing material.

17. The device of claim 16, wherein said anode consists of nickel.

A device as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the cathode consists of a nickel-containing material.

19. Apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the cathode consists of nickel.

Device according to any one of claims 14 to 19, characterized in that the anode and/or the cathode are present as wire mesh electrodes or in the form of expanded metal or punched sheet metal.