JPWO2020149051A1 - Cultivation unit for hydroponic cultivation system, manufacturing method of cultivation unit for hydroponic cultivation system, cultivation method of agricultural products by hydroponic cultivation system and hydroponic cultivation system - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, a method for manufacturing a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, and a method for cultivating an agricultural product by a hydroponic cultivation system and a hydroponic cultivation system, which can make an appropriate amount of irrigation to be given to the crop. .. The cultivation unit 1 cultivates the crop T. The cultivation unit 1 includes a tray 3, a non-woven fabric 4, and a culture medium layer 5. The tray 3 has a drain port 3a formed on the bottom plate 3b. The non-woven fabric 4 is laid on the entire upper surface of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The medium layer 5 is laminated on the non-woven fabric 4, and is composed of a medium on which the crop T grows. A certain amount of the irrigated nutrient solution is held by the non-woven fabric 4, and excess nutrient solution is discharged from the drain port 3a.

Description

The present invention relates to a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, a method for manufacturing a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, a hydroponic cultivation system, and a method for cultivating agricultural products by a hydroponic cultivation system.

Conventionally, agricultural products have been cultivated by various methods such as open field cultivation or house cultivation. As one of such cultivation methods, a cultivation method in which growing pods are arranged on a irrigation tray to grow strawberries has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2).

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-0000027 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2008-295350

In the cultivation of agricultural products, it is important to control the amount of water obtained by diluting fertilizer (hereinafter referred to simply as "nutrient solution"), that is, the amount of irrigation. If the amount of irrigation is too large, the fruit of the crop may grow and the sugar content of the fruit may decrease, and the roots of the crop may become oxygen-deficient, resulting in root rot. On the other hand, if the amount of irrigation is too small, the crops may grow poorly or die. The appropriate amount of irrigation is determined by taking into account that some of the nutrient solution is not absorbed by the roots of the crop and flows into the soil.

The present invention has been made under the above circumstances, and is a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, a method for producing a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, and a hydroponic solution, which can make an appropriate amount of irrigation to be given to agricultural products. It is an object of the present invention to provide the cultivation method of the crop by the cultivation system and the hydroponic cultivation system.

In order to achieve the above object, the cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention is
A cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system that cultivates agricultural products.
A dish-shaped tray is provided, and a drainage port is provided on the bottom plate of the tray.

In this case, the non-woven fabric laid on the entire upper side of the bottom plate of the tray and
A medium layer composed of a medium on which the crop grows, which is laminated on the non-woven fabric,
To prepare
It may be that.

Further, the thickness of the medium layer may be 1 cm to 3 cm, which promotes the growth of lateral roots having fine roots rather than the growth of taproots.

Further, the drainage port projects downward from the bottom plate of the tray.
The tray is
It has a spacer that forms a gap between the lower end of the drain and the flat surface when the tray is placed on a flat surface.
It may be that.

Further, the spacer is a frame-shaped member protruding downward from the outer edge of the bottom plate of the tray.
A notch is provided in a part of the spacer.
It may be that.

In the spacer, two notches are provided at opposite positions.
The two notches and the drainage port are aligned along the bottom plate.
It may be that.

The upper surface of the bottom plate is inclined so as to descend toward the drainage port.
It may be that.

The drainage port can drain the nutrient solution in the tray by utilizing the siphon phenomenon.
It may be that.

The drainage port is
A tubular member that penetrates the bottom plate of the tray and projects vertically,
A waterproof rubber that closes the gap between the tubular member and the bottom plate of the tray,
A drainage cap that is placed on the bottom plate so as to cover the tubular member overhanging the upper side of the bottom plate of the tray and has a gap between the bottom plate and the drain cap.
To prepare
It may be that.

Further, a mesh-shaped cover that covers the drainage cap may be provided.

The method for manufacturing a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system according to the second aspect of the present invention is as follows.
It is a manufacturing method of a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system that cultivates agricultural products.
A step of laying a non-woven fabric on the entire upper surface of the bottom plate of a tray having a drainage port formed on the bottom plate, and
The step of forming a medium layer on the non-woven fabric and
including.

The hydroponic cultivation system according to the third aspect of the present invention is
It is configured by arranging a plurality of cultivation units for a hydroponic cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention.

The hydroponic cultivation system according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is
A plurality of cultivation units for a hydroponic cultivation system according to the first aspect of the present invention are provided.
In the cultivation unit, two notches of a drainage port provided on the bottom plate of the tray constituting the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and a spacer formed on the lower outer edge of the bottom plate of the tray are arranged in a row. Arranged in
A collection unit is provided which extends linearly so as to pass through the notch and collects the nutrient solution drained from the drain port of the cultivation unit for the nutrient solution cultivation system.

The hydroponic cultivation system according to the fifth aspect of the present invention is
Each of the cultivation units for the nutrient solution cultivation system is provided with a planting panel having a hole for defining a position where the crop is planted, and is connected to a supply system for supplying a nutrient solution diluted with fertilizer and water. An irrigation tube extended upward, wherein the nutrient solution and the water are irrigated to the medium layer in the cultivation unit for the nutrient solution cultivation system through the hole.
An irrigation control means for adjusting the amount of nutrient solution or water supplied from the supply system to the irrigation tube based on the measured amount of solar radiation is provided.

In this case, the distance between the holes for irrigating the nutrient solution and water of the irrigation tube may be substantially equal to the distance between the holes.

The supply system and the irrigation tube are connected by a solenoid valve.
The irrigation control means opens and closes the solenoid valve by sending an instruction to the solenoid valve, and adjusts the amount of nutrient solution or water supplied to the irrigation tube.
It may be that.

A weed-proof sheet that inhibits the growth of plants is further provided between the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and the soil in which the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system is installed.
It may be that.

A waterproof sheet for preventing the permeation of liquid is further provided between the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and the soil in which the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system is installed.
It may be that.

It is further provided with a mulch film provided so as to cover the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and prevent the adhesion of dirt to the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system.
It may be that.

The supply system comprises a constant pressure pump that keeps the pressure of the liquid flowing in the supply system constant.
It may be that.

The method for cultivating agricultural products by the hydroponic cultivation system according to the sixth aspect of the present invention is as follows.
It is a cultivation method of agricultural products using the above-mentioned hydroponic cultivation system.
The period from planting to flowering of the first fruit cluster is 5 to 15 ml / MJ / strain.
The period from the flowering of the first fruit cluster to the fruit set of the third fruit cluster is 15 to 60 ml / MJ / strain, and the period from the fruit set of the third fruit cluster to the end of harvest is 60 to 100 ml / MJ / strain. I do.

According to the present invention, the nutrient solution is cultivated on a tray having a drainage port for draining the nutrient solution on the bottom plate. As a result, a certain amount of the irrigated nutrient solution is held in the tray, and excess nutrient solution is discharged from the drain port. As a result, the amount of irrigation given to the crop can be made appropriate.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the cultivation unit which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the tray of FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2A. It is the first figure which shows the side surface of the tray of FIG. It is the 2nd figure which shows the side surface of the tray of FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of the cultivation method using a cultivation unit. It is a schematic diagram which shows the operation of a cultivation unit. It is a top view of the tray of the cultivation unit which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is the first figure which shows the side surface of the tray of FIG. 5A. 2 is a second view showing the side surface of the tray of FIG. 5A. It is a top view of the tray of the cultivation unit which concerns on Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the first figure which shows the side surface of the tray of FIG. 6A. 2 is a second view showing the side surface of the tray of FIG. 6A. It is a perspective view which shows the structure of the cultivation system which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the drainage port of the cultivation unit which concerns on Embodiment 5 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the attachment procedure 1 of the drainage port of the cultivation unit of FIG. It is a figure which shows the attachment procedure 2 of the drainage port of the cultivation unit of FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows the state of drainage by a siphon phenomenon. It is a top view of the cultivation system which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. This is an example of a cross-sectional view of the cultivation system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the side. It is a figure which shows an example of the supply system which supplies the nutrient solution and the like to the cultivation system which concerns on Embodiment 6 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the deformation example of a tray.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same or equivalent parts are designated by the same reference numerals.

Embodiment 1
First, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, the cultivation unit 1 cultivates (plants) a crop T, for example, tomato. The cultivation unit 1 includes a tray 3, a non-woven fabric 4, a medium layer 5, and a planting panel 6.

The tray 3 is a dish-shaped member placed on a flat surface on the soil 2. The tray 3 is configured around the bottom plate 3b. A drain port 3a is formed on the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The tray 3 is made of resin, for example, vinyl chloride.

The non-woven fabric 4 is laid on the entire upper side of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The non-woven fabric 4 is a sheet-like cloth in which fibers are entwined without weaving, and is a cloth having high water absorption. The non-woven fabric 4 plays a role of spreading the nutrient solution over the entire bottom plate 3b of the tray 3.

The medium layer 5 is laminated on the nonwoven fabric 4. The culture medium layer 5 is composed of a culture medium in which the crop T grows. The crop T can become self-sustaining by rooting in the medium layer 5. As the medium layer 5, various materials can be used as long as the nutrient solution can be absorbed. For example, fibers such as peat moss, palm glass, sand, rock wool, polyethylene sponge, urethane, and polyester can be used as a medium.

A hole 6a is formed in the planting panel 6. The planting panel 6 is placed to position the crop T by growing the crop T from the hole 6a. It is desirable that the planting panel 6 is made of a heat-retaining material that does not absorb liquid. This is because it does not absorb the nutrient solution and suppresses the temperature change of the medium layer 5.

The cultivation unit 1 is provided with a nutrient solution tank 10, a pump 11, and an irrigation tube 12. The nutrient solution tank 10 stores nutrient solution for growing the crop T. The nutrient solution is a liquid containing water and liquid fertilizer.

The liquid fertilizer preferably contains nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) as the main components, and magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S) and iron as other inorganic components. (Fe), manganese (Mn), boron (B), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), molybdenum (Mo), and as subcomponents, silicon (Si), chlorine (Cl), aluminum (Al), It is desirable to contain sodium (Na) and the like. Further, if necessary, other physiologically active substances, sugars such as glucose, amino acids and the like may be further included in the nutrient solution. The concentration of each of these components and the concentration ratio thereof are based on the values normally blended according to the type of crop T. In addition, since liquid fertilizer is usually absorbed by plants in the form of ions, it is desirable to grasp its composition by the amount of salts or ions in the nutrient solution, and the electrical conductivity (EC) is 1.0 at the time of application. It is preferably ~ 2.0. Further, it is preferable that the pH is 6.0 to 6.8 at the time of application.

The pump 11 sucks up the nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank 10 and sends it to the irrigation tube 12. The irrigation tube 12 sprays the nutrient solution from above the planting panel 6.

The irrigated nutrient solution permeates the medium layer 5, and a part of the nutrient solution is absorbed from the roots of the crop T and the remaining part is absorbed by the medium layer 5 or the non-woven fabric 4. When the amount of the nutrient solution exceeds the absorbable amount of the medium layer 5 and the nonwoven fabric 4, the nutrient solution is discharged from the drain port 3a by the excess amount. In this way, the nutrient solution stored in the medium layer 5 and the non-woven fabric 4 is controlled to a constant amount.

Next, the details of the tray 3 will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the entire tray 3 is a dish-shaped member having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped outer shape. In the present embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the tray 3 is the X-axis direction. Further, the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction, and the upward direction is the positive direction (+ Z direction).

A frame-shaped wall portion 3c that projects upward is erected on the four outer edges of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. In the tray 3, as shown in FIG. 2B, the wall portion 3c and the bottom plate 3b form a space in which the nonwoven fabric 4 and the culture medium layer 5 are accommodated.

As described above, the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is provided with a drain port 3a. In the present embodiment, the drainage port 3a is provided at the center of the bottom plate 3b in the X-axis direction and on the −Y end side. A valve is provided in the drain port 3a and can be opened and closed.

Further, the upper surface of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend toward the drain port 3a as shown by the cross section of FIG. 2B and the dotted line in FIG. 2C. Specifically, the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend from both ends in the X-axis direction toward the center. The tilt angle is gentle and can be, for example, 2 degrees, but is not limited to this. On the upper surface of the bottom plate 3b, the central portion in the X-axis direction provided with the drain port 3a is horizontal by a predetermined width. The central portion may also be inclined so as to descend toward the drainage port 3a.

Further, as shown in FIG. 2C, the drainage port 3a projects downward from the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. In the tray 3, a spacer 3d is formed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 3b. The spacer 3d is a frame-shaped member that projects downward from the four outer edges of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The spacer 3d is provided to form a gap between the lower end portion of the drain port 3a and the plane when the tray 3 is placed on a plane such as soil 2.

Further, the spacer 3d is provided with a notch 3e as shown in FIGS. 2B and 2C. The notch 3e is provided in the center in the X-axis direction, and its shape is rectangular. In the spacer 3d, two notches 3e are provided at opposite positions. As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2C, the two notches 3e and the drainage port 3a are aligned along the bottom plate 3b.

Next, a cultivation method using the cultivation unit 1 according to the first embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, first, the tray 3 having the drainage port 3a formed on the bottom plate 3b is installed on the flat surface of the soil 2 (step S1; tray placement).

Subsequently, the nonwoven fabric 4 is laid on the entire upper surface of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 in which the drain port 3a is formed on the bottom plate 3b (step S2; nonwoven fabric laying). Here, the thickness of the nonwoven fabric 4 can be, for example, about 5 mm.

Subsequently, the medium layer 5 is provided on the nonwoven fabric 4 (step S3; medium layer generation). Here, the thickness of the medium layer 5 can be, for example, about 3 cm.

Further, a planting panel 6 is installed on the medium layer 5 (step S4; planting panel installation). Specifically, the planting panel 6 having the hole 6a is placed on the tray 3. In this state, the cultivation unit 1 shown in FIG. 4 is formed.

Further, the crop T is cultivated using the medium layer 5 as a medium (step S5; crop cultivation). Specifically, after sowing seeds or burying seedlings in the medium layer 5, the pump 11 is driven to start irrigation with the irrigation tube 12. As a result, the crop T is cultivated.

In the cultivation unit 1, as shown in FIG. 4, a part of the irrigated nutrient solution is absorbed by the crop T through the medium layer 5 and used for growing the crop T. The nutrient solution that has not been absorbed by the crop T is stored in the medium layer 5 and the non-woven fabric 4. The excess nutrient solution travels down the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 toward the drain port 3a and is discharged from the drain port 3a. The discharged nutrient solution flows out from the notch 3e. As a result, the amount of nutrient solution in the tray 3 is maintained at a constant state without excess or deficiency.

A mulch film may be provided so as to cover the planting panel 6. The mulch film prevents dirt from adhering to the planting panel 6. As a result, the propagation of various germs and the like in the planting panel 6 is suppressed, and the harm to the crop T by the germs and the like is suppressed. In addition, the mulch film can have various effects depending on its color. For example, when white or red is adopted as the color of the multi-film, it is possible to further activate the photosynthesis of the agricultural product T by reflecting the sunlight on the multi-film. Further, when black is adopted as the color of the multi-film, it is possible to raise the temperature of the root of the crop T by absorbing the sunlight by the multi-film. When planting the crop T, if a cut is made in the portion of the mulch film located in the hole 6a of the planting panel 6, the crop T is planted from the cut.

Embodiment 2
Next, Embodiment 2 of the present invention will be described.

The configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the above-described first embodiment. In the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the shape of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is different from that of the above-described first embodiment.

A drain port 3a is provided on the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, the drainage port 3a is provided at the center of the bottom plate 3b in the Y-axis direction and on the −X end side.

As shown in FIG. 5C, the upper surface of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend toward the drain port 3a. Specifically, the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend from both ends in the Y-axis direction toward the center. The tilt angle is gentle and can be, for example, 2 degrees, but is not limited to this. In the bottom plate 3b, the central portion in the Y-axis direction in which the drain port 3a is provided is horizontal by a predetermined width. The central portion may also be inclined so as to descend toward the drainage port 3a.

Further, also in the present embodiment, the drainage port 3a protrudes downward from the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 as shown in FIG. 5C. In the tray 3, a spacer 3d is formed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 3b. The spacer 3d is a frame-shaped member that projects downward from the four outer edges of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The spacer 3d is provided to form a gap between the lower end portion of the drain port 3a and the plane when the tray 3 is placed on a plane such as soil 2.

Further, the spacer 3d is provided with a notch 3e as shown in FIG. 5C. The notch 3e is provided in the center in the Y-axis direction, and its shape is rectangular. In the spacer 3d, two notches 3e are provided at opposite positions. As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5C, the two notches 3e and the drainage port 3a are aligned along the bottom plate 3b.

Also in the present embodiment, the excess nutrient solution travels down the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 toward the drain port 3a and is discharged from the drain port 3a. As a result, the amount of nutrient solution in the tray 3 is maintained at a constant state without excess or deficiency.

Embodiment 3
Next, Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described.

The configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the above-described first embodiment. In the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the shape of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is different from that of the above-described first embodiment.

The configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment is substantially the same as the configuration of the cultivation unit 1 according to the first and second embodiments. In the cultivation unit 1 according to the present embodiment, the shape of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is different from that of the above-described first and second embodiments.

A drain port 3a is provided on the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, the drainage port 3a is provided at the center of the bottom plate 3b in the Y-axis direction and on the −X end side.

As shown in FIG. 6B, the upper surface of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend toward the drain port 3a. Specifically, the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b is inclined so as to descend in the −X direction. The tilt angle is gentle and can be, for example, 2 degrees, but is not limited to this.

Further, also in the present embodiment, the drainage port 3a protrudes downward from the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 as shown in FIG. 6C. In the tray 3, a spacer 3d is formed on the outer edge of the lower surface of the bottom plate 3b. The spacer 3d is a frame-shaped member that projects downward from the four outer edges of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. The spacer 3d is provided to form a gap between the lower end portion of the drain port 3a and the plane when the tray 3 is placed on a plane such as soil 2.

Further, the spacer 3d is provided with a notch 3e as shown in FIG. 6C. The notch 3e is provided in the center in the Y-axis direction, and its shape is rectangular. In the spacer 3d, two notches 3e are provided at opposite positions. As shown in FIG. 6A, the two notches 3e and the drainage port 3a are aligned along the bottom plate 3b.

Also in the present embodiment, the excess nutrient solution travels down the upper surface (slope) of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 toward the drain port 3a and is discharged from the drain port 3a. As a result, the amount of nutrient solution in the tray 3 is maintained at a constant state without excess or deficiency.

Embodiment 4
Next, Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 7, the cultivation system 100 according to the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of cultivation units 1 according to the second embodiment. The cultivation unit 1 is arranged so that the drainage port 3a provided on the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 (see FIG. 5A) and the notch 3e of the spacer 3d formed on the lower outer edge of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 are lined up in a row. ing.

The cultivation system 100 further includes a collection unit 50. The recovery unit 50 is a half-pipe-shaped member that extends linearly so as to pass through the notch 3e of the cultivation unit 1. The collection unit 50 collects the nutrient solution drained from the drain port 3a of the cultivation unit 1 at a time.

Further, in this case, the irrigation tube 12 may be installed so as to extend in the arrangement direction of the tray 3, or the irrigation tube 12 may be provided for each cultivation unit 1.

A plurality of trays 3 according to the first and third embodiments may be arranged to form the cultivation system 100. Since these trays 3 have a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, they can be spread without gaps when arranged.

Embodiment 5
Next, Embodiment 5 of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the drainage port 3a is different from each of the above-described embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 8, the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is provided with a recess 3f. In the present embodiment, the drainage port 3a is fitted in the recess 3f.

The drain port 3a includes a straw 20 as a tubular member, a waterproof rubber (rubber packing) 21, a drain cap 22, and a cover 23. The straw 20 penetrates the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 and projects vertically. The waterproof rubber 21 closes the gap between the straw 20 and the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. This prevents water from leaking from the tray 3. The drainage cap 22 is placed on the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 so as to cover the straw 20 overhanging the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3. Further, the drainage cap 22 is provided with a gap between the drainage cap 22 and the bottom plate 3b. The cover 23 is a mesh-like cover. The roughness of the mesh is such that the nutrient solution is passed through and the small particles of the medium are not passed through.

The method of installing the drainage port 3a will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 9, the straw 20 and the waterproof rubber 21 are attached to the through holes provided in the recess 3f of the tray 3. At this time, the straw 20 is extended upward for a long time (installation of the straw 20 and the waterproof rubber 21).

Subsequently, the water supply to the tray 3 is started, and the water supply is stopped when the predetermined irrigation time is reached. Subsequently, the straw 20 is adjusted downward according to the water level of the tray 3, and the upper end of the straw 20 is adjusted so as to match the water surface as shown in FIG. After that, the drain cap 22 is attached. As shown in FIG. 11, when the drain cap 22 is attached, a siphon phenomenon occurs, and drainage is started as shown by an arrow. The size of each material constituting the drain port 3a can be, for example, as follows. The tray recess 3f has a diameter of 3 cm and a depth of 5 mm, the waterproof rubber 21 has a diameter of 2 cm and a thickness of 2 mm and has a hole with a diameter of 6 mm in the center, and the straw 20 has a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 7 cm. The drain cap 22 has a diameter of 2 cm and a height of 5 cm, and the cover 23 can have a diameter of 3 cm and a height of 6 cm.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 8, the cover 23 is attached. By attaching the cover 23, for example, it is possible to prevent the space between the waterproof rubber 21 and the drain cap 22 from being blocked by the medium.

As described above, in the drainage port 3a according to the present embodiment, the excess nutrient solution can be discharged by the siphon phenomenon.

The drainage port 3a that generates the siphon phenomenon is not limited to the one having the above-mentioned configuration. For example, instead of such a drain port 3a, one side of the nonwoven fabric 4 may be extended and hung from the tray 3 to cause a siphon phenomenon in the nonwoven fabric 4 to drain water.

Embodiment 6
Next, Embodiment 6 of the present invention will be described. In the cultivation system 100a according to the sixth embodiment, as illustrated in FIG. 12, a plurality of cultivation systems 100 according to the fourth embodiment are arranged side by side on the soil 2 covered with the weed control sheet 61. The cultivation system 100 is covered by the multi-film 63. In the cultivation system 100a, a plurality of cultivation systems 100 are arranged in the vinyl house, but the illustration of the vinyl house is omitted in FIG.

In the cultivation system 100a, it is preferable to align the longitudinal directions of the cultivation system 100 in the north-south direction in order to suppress unevenness of sunlight corresponding to the crop T. However, the longitudinal direction of the cultivation system 100 does not have to exactly match the north-south direction, and some deviation is allowed. Further, in the cultivation system 100a, it is preferable that the soil 2 on which the cultivation system 100 is arranged is horizontally leveled. When the soil 2 on which the cultivation system 100 is placed has irregularities, the cultivation unit 1 arranged in the recesses may cause root rot of agricultural products due to the concentration of the nutrient solution to be irrigated. Further, in the cultivation unit 1 arranged on the convex portion, there is a possibility that the crop will wither due to the lack of the nutrient solution to be irrigated. Therefore, it is preferable to horizontally level the soil 2 on which the cultivation system 100 is arranged so that the nutrient solution to be irrigated spreads evenly over the entire cultivation system 100.

FIG. 13 is an example of a cross-sectional view of the cultivation system according to the sixth embodiment as viewed from the side. FIG. 13 is an excerpt of a region including two adjacent cultivation units 1 in the BB line cross section of FIG. 12. In the cultivation system 100a, the weed control sheet 61 is laid so as to cover the entire surface of the soil 2 on which the cultivation system 100 is arranged. A waterproof sheet 62 is laid on the weed-proof sheet 61. On the water stop sheet 62, a cultivation system 100 in which the cultivation systems 1 are arranged side by side is arranged. An irrigation tube 12 is provided on the planting panel 6 of the cultivation system 1, and a multi-film 63 is laid on the irrigation tube 12. Here, an air layer A1 may be provided between the planting panel 6 and the medium layer 5. This air layer A1 can be expected to have the effect of efficiently supplying oxygen to the roots of the crop T and suppressing the temperature change of the medium layer 5. Even if the distance between the upper end of the wall portion 3c of the cultivation unit 1 and the upper surface of the culture medium layer 5 is set to about 3 cm to 4 cm in order to provide the air layer A1 and to ensure workability when planting the crop T. good.

The weed-proof sheet 61 is a light-shielding sheet. The weed control sheet 61 inhibits the growth of plants in the soil 2 by blocking the solar radiation to the soil 2. As a result, there is a possibility that the cultivation unit 1 is tilted by being pushed by the plant grown in the soil 2, and that the plant grown in the soil 2 causes the crop T to have poor sunlight. Further, by covering the soil 2 with the weed control sheet 61, it is possible to suppress the damage to the crop T by insects or fungi in the soil 2. Further, the weed-proof sheet 61 can have various effects depending on the color. For example, when white is adopted as the color of the weed-proof sheet 61, it is possible to promote photosynthesis of the crop T by reflecting sunlight on the weed-proof sheet 61. Covering the soil 2 with concrete or a plate instead of the weed-proof sheet 61 can be expected to have the same effect as the weed-proof sheet 61.

The waterproof sheet 62 is a sheet that prevents the permeation of liquid. The water stop sheet 62 prevents the nutrient solution discharged from the drain port 3a of the cultivation unit 1 and the nutrient solution overflowing from the recovery unit 50 from leaking to the soil 2, for example. Since the water-stopping sheet 62 prevents the nutrient solution and the like from leaking into the soil, the cultivation system 100a can reduce the environmental load on the soil 2.

The waterproof sheet 62 can further prevent the adhesion of dust, dust, moisture, etc. derived from the soil 2 that has passed through the weed control sheet 61 to the crop T. Further, the waterproof sheet 62 can have various effects depending on its color, similarly to the above-mentioned mulch film. For example, when white or red is adopted as the color of the waterproof sheet 62, the photosynthesis of the agricultural product T can be further activated by reflecting sunlight on the waterproof sheet 62.

The irrigation tube 12 is a tube connected to a supply system described later and provided with a plurality of holes 12a on the side surface through which a liquid flows out. As illustrated in FIG. 12, it is provided so as to extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the cultivation system 100 (the arrangement direction of the cultivation units 1). Further, the irrigation tube 12 is provided on the planting panel 6 of the cultivation unit 1 as illustrated in FIG. By providing the irrigation tube 12 on the planting panel 6, direct contact between the irrigation tube 12 and the medium layer 5 is suppressed. As a result, clogging of the hole 12a due to the root of the crop T entering the hole 12a can be suppressed.

The spacing 12c of the holes 12a of the irrigation tube 12 is set to be substantially equal to the spacing 6c of the holes 6a of the planting panel 6 of the adjacent cultivation unit 1. By setting the interval 12c in this way, the nutrient solution or the like irrigated from the irrigation tube 12 is efficiently irrigated to the medium layer 5. In the irrigation tube 12, when the pressure of the liquid flowing inside exceeds a certain level, the liquid flows out from the hole 12a at a flow velocity corresponding to the pressure. That is, it is possible to adjust the amount of irrigation by the irrigation tube 12 by adjusting the pressure of the liquid flowing in the irrigation tube 12 with a pump or the like.

In the cultivation system 100a, the mulch film 63 is provided so as to cover the surface of the cultivation system 100. By providing the mulch film 63 in this way, it is possible to improve the work efficiency of installing the cultivation system 100a as compared with the case where each of the cultivation units 1 is covered with the mulch film 63.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing an example of a supply system for supplying a nutrient solution or the like to the cultivation system according to the sixth embodiment. The supply system illustrated in FIG. 14 includes a nutrient solution tank 10, an irrigation controller 35 and a solenoid valve 36. The irrigation tube 12 is connected to the supply system 3 via a solenoid valve 36. Hereinafter, the supply system 3 will be described with reference to FIG.

The supply system 3 supplies nutrient solution and the like to the irrigation tube 12. The supplied nutrient solution or the like is irrigated with the crop T by the irrigation 12. If the amount of the nutrient solution to be irrigated is too large, the roots of the crop T may always be immersed in the nutrient solution or the like. As a result, the roots of the crop T may rot due to lack of oxygen, and the crop T may die. Further, the fruit of the crop T may be enlarged and the sugar content of the fruit may be lowered. Further, if the amount of the nutrient solution to be irrigated is too small, the crop T may wither or die, and the yield may decrease. Therefore, in the supply system 3, the following configuration is adopted in order to perform irrigation suitable for the growth of the crop T.

In the supply system 3, examples of the nutrient solution tank 10 include a raw water tank 10a and a fertilizer stock solution tank 10b and 10c. The raw water tank 10a is a tank for storing water. The water stored in the raw water tank 10a is preferably tap water or well water. Further, in order to suppress the generation of algae in the raw water tank 10a, it is preferable to configure the raw water tank 10a with a light-shielding container or cover the raw water tank 10a with a light-shielding sheet. The water stored in the raw water tank 10a is used for irrigation by the irrigation tube 12 or for diluting the fertilizer stock solution stored in the fertilizer stock solution tanks 10b and 10c.

A constant pressure pump 32, which is an example of the pump 11, is provided between the raw water tank 10a and the fertilizer stock solution tanks 10b and 10c. The constant pressure pump 32 is a pump that keeps the pressure of the liquid flowing in the supply system 3 constant. When the solenoid valve 36 opens, the pressure on the irrigation tube 12 side of the constant pressure pump 32 decreases, so that the constant pressure pump 32 starts operation. Further, when the solenoid valve 36 is closed, the pressure on the irrigation tube 12 side of the constant pressure pump 32 rises, so that the constant pressure pump 32 stops operating. By providing the constant pressure pump 32, the supply system 3 can supply nutrient solution or the like to the irrigation tube 12 at a constant pressure. As a result, it becomes possible to keep the flow rate of irrigation by the irrigation tube 12 constant.

The fertilizer stock solution tanks 10b and 10c are tanks for storing the fertilizer stock solution in which fertilizer is dissolved in a solvent such as water. In FIG. 14, two types of fertilizer stock solution tanks, 10b and 10c, are exemplified. In the supply system 3, the formation of such a precipitate is suppressed by storing the fertilizers that generate a precipitate that is difficult to dissolve in water by a chemical reaction in different fertilizer stock solution tanks 10b and 10c, respectively.

The mixers 34a and 34b mix the fertilizer stock solution of the fertilizer stock solution tanks 10b and 10c so that the dilution ratio becomes constant according to the flow rate of the water supplied from the raw water tank 10a. By preparing two sets of the fertilizer stock solution tank and the mixer, the supply system 3 can supply the fertilizer to the irrigation tube 12 without mixing fertilizers that generate a precipitate that is difficult to dissolve in water due to a chemical reaction. .. Here, the set of the fertilizer stock solution tank and the mixer may be one set as long as an inconvenient reaction such as the formation of a precipitate does not occur in the fertilizer stock solution tank, and further, three or more sets may be used depending on the fertilizer component used. May be good.

The irrigation controller 35 adjusts the irrigation amount based on the measured amount of solar radiation. The irrigation controller 35 is a solar radiation proportional control type irrigation controller that adjusts the number of irrigations in proportion to the amount of solar radiation. The irrigation controller 35 is connected to the solenoid valve 36. The irrigation controller 35 opens and closes the solenoid valve 36 by transmitting a signal instructing the solenoid valve 36 to open and close. The irrigation controller 35 controls the number of irrigations and the amount of irrigation per irrigation by opening and closing the solenoid valve 36. In the irrigation controller 35, the solar radiation proportionality coefficient, which is an integrated amount of solar radiation, and the irrigation time per irrigation can be set. The unit of the solar radiation proportionality coefficient is, for example, "MJ / m2". The irrigation controller 35 measures the amount of solar radiation and integrates the measured amount of solar radiation. When the integrated amount of solar radiation reaches the designated coefficient of solar radiation proportionality, the irrigation controller 35 irrigates from the irrigation tube 12 by opening the solenoid valve 36. That is, when the cumulative amount of solar radiation per day is the same, setting the solar radiation proportionality coefficient to a large value reduces the number of irrigation times per day, and setting it to a small value increases the number of irrigation times per day. Therefore, the cultivation system 1 can control the amount and the number of times of irrigation according to the amount of solar radiation by the irrigation controller 35. The accumulated amount of solar radiation is reset to 0 at a designated time, for example. Further, the irrigation controller 35 may have a scheduled irrigation function for irrigating at a designated time.

The solenoid valve 36 is a normally closed solenoid valve controlled by the irrigation controller 35. The solenoid valve 36 is also referred to as a solenoid valve or a solenoid valve. The solenoid valve 36 connects the supply system 3 and the irrigation tube 12. Since the solenoid valve 36 is smaller and lighter than the electric valve, it is possible to easily connect the supply system 3 and the irrigation tube 12. The solenoid valve 36 is opened and closed by a signal received from the irrigation controller 35. When irrigating, the irrigation controller 35 supplies the nutrient solution or the like to the irrigation tube 12 by opening the solenoid valve 36. Further, when the irrigation controller 36 stops irrigation, the solenoid valve 36 is closed to stop the supply of the nutrient solution or the like to the irrigation tube 12.

In the cultivation system 100a, the period from the planting of the crop T in the medium layer 5 to the end of harvesting is divided into the following three stages, and irrigation is performed according to each stage. The amount of irrigation and the number of times of irrigation are adjusted more specifically based on the amount of solar radiation as described above. By appropriately controlling the amount of irrigation such as nutrient solution at each stage and cultivating, it is possible to achieve fruiting with a high sugar content and increase the yield.
The integrated temperature described in the following stages is a value obtained by accumulating and adding the average temperature of each day from the planting date.
Stage 1: From planting to flowering of the first fruit cluster (from planting to integrated temperature of 500 to 700 ° C days)
Stage 2: From flowering of the first fruit cluster to fruit set of the third fruit cluster (from flowering of the first fruit cluster to an integrated temperature of 1500 to 2000 ° C)
Stage 3: From the third fruit bunch to the end of harvest (from the start of harvest to the cumulative temperature of 2000 to 6500 ° C)

In stage 1, the irrigation controller 35 is set to irrigate at 5 to 15 ml / MJ per strain. The irrigation controller 35 irrigates the medium layer 5 according to the set value. By the way, in stage 1, the crop T has just been planted. Special attention should be paid to irrigation management until the crop T takes root in the medium layer 5. If wilting occurs only by irrigation from the irrigation tube 12, local irrigation is performed using a beaker or the like. In stage 2, the irrigation controller 35 is set to irrigate at 15 to 60 ml / MJ per strain. In stage 3, the irrigation controller 35 is set to irrigate at 60 to 100 ml / MJ per strain.

Common to stages 1 to 3, the growth of crop T tends to stagnate during periods of low solar radiation, such as during the rainy season or autumn rain. Therefore, the medium layer 5 tends to be in a humidified state. Therefore, it is preferable to diligently check the moistness of the medium layer 5 and adjust the amount of irrigation so that the medium layer 5 is not humidified. Further, in the cultivation system 100a, the irrigation amount is set to be smaller than the irrigation amount in the conventional crop cultivation in order to harvest the fruit having a high sugar content. Therefore, the withering of the crop T is more likely to occur as compared with the conventional cultivation method. Therefore, in order to prevent the withering state of the crop T from continuing for a long period of time, it is preferable to carry out irrigation at a stage where the withering of the growth points of the crop T becomes a right angle. The solar radiation proportionality coefficient of the irrigation controller 35 is set so that irrigation is executed at such a timing.

As described in detail above, according to each of the above embodiments, cultivation is performed on the tray 3 in which the drainage port 3a for draining the nutrient solution is formed on the bottom plate 3b. As a result, the irrigated nutrient solution is held in the tray 3 in a certain amount, and the excess nutrient solution is discharged from the drain port 3a. As a result, the amount of irrigation given to the crop T can be made appropriate.

Further, according to each of the above embodiments, the nonwoven fabric 4 is laid on the entire upper side of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 in which the drain port 3a for draining the nutrient solution is formed on the bottom plate 3b, and the medium layer 5 is formed on the nonwoven fabric 4. It is provided. As a result, the irrigated nutrient solution is held in a certain amount by the nonwoven fabric 4 and the medium layer 5, and the excess nutrient solution is discharged from the drain port 3a. As a result, the amount of irrigation given to the crop T can be made appropriate.

Further, according to each of the above embodiments, the drainage port 3a protrudes downward from the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3, and the tray 3 is below the drainage port 3a when the tray 3 is placed on a flat surface. A spacer 3d is provided to form a gap between the side end and the flat surface. By doing so, the tray 3 can be placed on a flat surface or in a place such as a gantry, so that the degree of freedom in the installation place of the tray 3 can be increased.

Further, according to each of the above embodiments, the spacer 3d is a frame-shaped member protruding downward from the outer edge of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3, and a notch 3e is provided in a part of the spacer 3d. .. As a result, the nutrient solution discharged from the drain port 3a can be easily discharged to the outside of the tray 3.

Further, according to the fourth embodiment, in the spacer 3d, two notches 3e are provided at opposite positions, and the two notches 3e and the drainage port 3a are aligned along the bottom plate 3b. They are lined up on the line. By doing so, the nutrient solution discharged from the drain port 3a can be discharged to the outside at once by using the collection unit 50 passing through the notch 3e.

Further, in each of the above embodiments, the upper surface of the bottom plate 3b of the tray 3 is inclined so as to descend toward the drain port 3a. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the nutrient solution from accumulating in the tray 3 and not being discharged.

In each of the above embodiments, three types of inclined bottom plates 3b have been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the drainage port 3a may be arranged at the center and may be inclined radially so that the slope of the bottom plate 3b descends toward the center.

Further, according to the fifth embodiment, the drain port 3a discharges the nutrient solution by the siphon phenomenon. As a result, the amount of nutrient solution in the tray 3 can be automatically kept constant. As a result, if the nutrient solution is constantly irrigated and drained, the nutrient solution in the tray 3 can be kept fresh at all times, and the contamination can be prevented.

Further, according to the fifth embodiment, the mesh-shaped cover 23 that covers the drain port 3a is provided. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the drainage port 3a from being clogged with the medium and to perform appropriate drainage.

Further, according to the fourth embodiment, the cultivation system 100 can be configured by arranging a plurality of cultivation units 1.

In this cultivation system, the cultivation unit 1 is arranged so that the drainage port 3a and the notch 3e are lined up in a row, and a collection unit 50 for collecting the drainage from the drainage port 3a of the cultivation unit 1 is provided. As a result, the nutrient solution discharged from the plurality of cultivation units 1 can be collected at once with a simple configuration. By providing the recovery unit 50, it is possible to prevent soil contamination in the surrounding area.

In the above embodiment, the shape of the tray 3 is a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the side surface may be trapezoidal, or the upper outer edge may project outward so as to be easy to hold in the hand.

Further, in the above embodiment, the shape of the notch 3e is rectangular, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be triangular or other polygonal shape, arc-shaped, or horseshoe-shaped.

As described above, the cultivation system 100 according to the above embodiment is a cultivation system 100 capable of controlling the yield and quality (for example, sugar content) of the crop T by adjusting the amount of water and nutrients given to the crop T. According to this cultivation system 100, since all the given water and nutrients are absorbed by the crop T, the nutrient solution does not accumulate in the tray 3 (accumulate like a puddle). Even if the nutrient solution is not absorbed due to a setting error, a disease of the crop T, or other reasons, the drainage port 3a is provided, so that the nutrient solution does not collect in the tray 3. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the roots of the crop T from being flooded with the nutrient solution, causing oxygen deficiency, causing root rot and dying.

For example, as shown in FIG. 13, since the planting panel 6 is provided for each cultivation unit 1, the position of each cultivation unit 1 can be freely changed with the planting panel 6 provided. That is, the shape of the cultivation system is not limited to the fourth embodiment and the sixth embodiment, and can be flexibly changed according to the shape of the field and the desired shape.

If, for some reason, the components of the nutrient solution are not absorbed by the crop T and accumulate in the medium layer 5, and if this causes nutritional disorders in the crop T, the medium layer 5 is washed with water and accumulated. It is necessary to wash away the nutrient solution components. According to the cultivation system 100 according to the above embodiment, if water is intermittently supplied from the irrigation tube 12, the drainage port 3a is provided, so that the water can be flushed. As a result, the efficiency of washing the medium layer 5 can be improved. According to the cultivation system 100 according to the above embodiment, the degree of cleaning of the medium layer 5 is confirmed by measuring the EC (electrical conductivity) and pH (hydrogen ion concentration) of the water coming out of the drain port 3a. can do. Further, since the excess water in the tray 3 is drained from the drain port 3a after the washing operation, the occurrence of root rot can be suppressed.

In the above embodiment, the height (thickness) of the medium layer 5 may be about 1 cm to 3 cm. By setting the height of the medium layer 5 to 1 cm to 3 cm, the roots of the planted crop T are promoted to grow lateral roots having fine roots rather than taproots. As a result, high sugar content and high nutrition of crop T are promoted. The culture medium layer 5 may have voids of about several μm to 100 μm in which the root capillaries of the crop T can enter, and may not adsorb fertilizer components or the like in the nutrient solution. Since the cultivation unit 1 does not use soil as the medium layer 5, it is possible to suppress adverse effects on the crop T due to soil contamination by insects, bacteria, residual pesticides and the like derived from the soil.

In the above embodiment, the pH of the liquid fertilizer at the time of application may be in the range of 5.5 to 6.5.

The present invention allows for various embodiments and variations without departing from the broad spirit and scope of the invention. Further, the above-described embodiments are for explaining the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is shown not by the embodiment but by the claims. Then, various modifications made within the scope of the claims and within the scope of the equivalent invention are considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be applied to the cultivation of agricultural products.

1 Cultivation unit, 2 soil, 3 tray, 3a drain, 3b bottom plate, 3c wall, 3d spacer, 3e notch, 3f recess, 4 non-woven fabric, 5 medium layer, 6 planting panel, 6a hole, 10 nutrient solution tank, 11 Pump, 12 Irrigation Tube, 20 Straw, 21 Water Stop Rubber, 22 Drain Cap, 23 Cover, 50 Recovery Unit, 100 Cultivation System, T Crops, 10a Raw Water Tank, 10b Fertilizer Stock Tank, 10c Fertilizer Stock Tank, 32 Constant Pressure Pump , 34a mixer, 34b mixer, 35 irrigation controller, 36 electromagnetic valve, 61 weed control sheet, 62 water stop sheet, 63 multi-film, A1 air layer

Claims (21)

A cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system that cultivates agricultural products.
A cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system, which is provided with a dish-shaped tray and has a drainage port on the bottom plate of the tray. A non-woven fabric laid over the entire upper surface of the bottom plate of the tray,
A medium layer composed of a medium on which the crop grows, which is laminated on the non-woven fabric,
To prepare
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 1. The thickness of the medium layer is 1 cm to 3 cm.
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 2. The drainage port projects downward from the bottom plate of the tray.
The tray is
It has a spacer that forms a gap between the lower end of the drain and the flat surface when the tray is placed on a flat surface.
The cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The spacer is a frame-shaped member that projects downward from the outer edge of the bottom plate of the tray.
A notch is provided in a part of the spacer.
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 4. In the spacer, two notches are provided at opposite positions.
The two notches and the drainage port are aligned along the bottom plate.
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 5. The upper surface of the bottom plate is inclined so as to descend toward the drainage port.
The cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The drainage port can drain the nutrient solution in the tray by utilizing the siphon phenomenon.
The cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7. The drainage port is
A tubular member that penetrates the bottom plate of the tray and projects vertically,
A waterproof rubber that closes the gap between the tubular member and the bottom plate of the tray,
A drainage cap that is placed on the bottom plate so as to cover the tubular member overhanging the upper side of the bottom plate of the tray and has a gap between the bottom plate and the drain cap.
To prepare
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 8. A mesh-like cover covering the drain cap is provided.
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 9. It is a manufacturing method of a cultivation unit for a hydroponic cultivation system that cultivates agricultural products.
A step of laying a non-woven fabric on the entire upper surface of the bottom plate of a tray having a drainage port formed on the bottom plate, and
The step of forming a medium layer on the non-woven fabric and
Manufacturing method of cultivation unit for hydroponic cultivation system including. A hydroponic cultivation system configured by arranging a plurality of cultivation units for the hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 10. A plurality of cultivation units for the hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 6 are provided.
The cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system has two notches, a drainage port provided on the bottom plate of the tray constituting the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and a spacer formed on the lower outer edge of the bottom plate of the tray. Are arranged in a row,
It is provided with a collection unit that extends linearly so as to pass through the notch and collects the nutrient solution drained from the drain port of the cultivation unit for the nutrient solution cultivation system.
Hydroponic cultivation system. Each of the cultivation units for the nutrient solution cultivation system is provided with a planting panel having a hole for defining a position where the crop is planted, and is connected to a supply system for supplying a nutrient solution diluted with fertilizer and water. An irrigation tube extending upward, wherein the nutrient solution and the water are irrigated to a medium layer in the cultivation unit for the nutrient solution cultivation system through the hole.
A irrigation control means for adjusting the amount of nutrient solution or water supplied from the supply system to the irrigation tube based on the measured amount of solar radiation.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 12 or 13. The distance between the holes for irrigating the nutrient solution and water of the irrigation tube is approximately equal to the distance between the holes.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 14. The supply system and the irrigation tube are connected by a solenoid valve.
The irrigation control means opens and closes the solenoid valve by sending an instruction to the solenoid valve, and adjusts the amount of nutrient solution or water supplied to the irrigation tube.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 14 or 15. A weed-proof sheet that inhibits the growth of plants is further provided between the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and the soil in which the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system is installed.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 14 to 16. A waterproof sheet for preventing the permeation of liquid is further provided between the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and the soil in which the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system is installed.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 14 to 17. It is further provided with a mulch film provided so as to cover the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system and prevent the adhesion of dirt to the cultivation unit for the hydroponic cultivation system.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 14 to 18. The supply system comprises a constant pressure pump that keeps the pressure of the liquid flowing in the supply system constant.
The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 14 to 19. A method for cultivating an agricultural product using the hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 14 to 20.
The period from planting to flowering of the first fruit cluster is 5 to 15 ml / MJ / strain.
The period from the flowering of the first fruit cluster to the fruit set of the third fruit cluster is 15 to 60 ml / MJ / strain, and the period from the fruit set of the third fruit cluster to the end of harvest is 60 to 100 ml / MJ / strain. A method of cultivating crops by a hydroponic cultivation system, which is characterized by performing.

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