JPWO2020045383A1 - 金属積層造形装置及び金属積層造形方法 - Google Patents
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- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
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- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
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- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/06—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing
- B23K26/062—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam
- B23K26/0622—Shaping the laser beam, e.g. by masks or multi-focusing by direct control of the laser beam by shaping pulses
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- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
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Abstract
Description
以下、本発明の実施形態を添付図面に基づいて説明する。図1(A)は本発明の第1実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10のブロック図である。図1(B)は造形工程における金属積層造形物の縦断面図である。図1(C)はその上面図である。
I=P/S=E/τS (1) (P=E/τ,S=πφ2/4)
第2実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10では、レーザ照射部15が照射するパルスレーザ17は、照射位置におけるパワー密度が1012 W/cm2以上である。このように第2実施形態では、第1実施形態よりもパワー密度が高く設定されたパルスレーザ17が照射されることにより弾性衝撃波に加えて塑性衝撃波が発生するようになる。
(A)凝固部21aに少なくとも弾性衝撃波を誘起させる短パルスレーザの仕様
パルス幅:100[ns]以下
パワー密度:1×107[W/cm2]以上
(B)凝固部21aに弾性衝撃波及び塑性衝撃波を誘起させる短パルスレーザの仕様
パルス幅:100[ps]以下
パワー密度:1×1012[W/cm2]以上
第3実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置10では、パルスレーザ17は、エネルギービーム16と所定の間隔Lを保ちながら走査される。このとき、凝固部21aと溶融部21bとの固液界面22の温度は、造形素材21の融点Tmである。パルスレーザ17が照射される上流端と固液界面22との距離は、L−dと表される。ここで、dはエネルギービーム16の熱源中心と固液界面22との間の距離であり、予め実測される。走査速度vは、パルスレーザ17が未照射の状態で凝固部21aが最良状態となるように決定される。走査速度vに対する凝固部21aの冷却速度g(v)は予め実測される。
T=Tm−g(v)・(L−d)/v (2)
式(2)において、Tm,d,g(v),vは既知であるため、Lを変化させることによって、パルスレーザ17が照射される上流端のTを決定することができる。また、式(2)より、エネルギービーム16を走査させる限りにおいて、パルスレーザ17が照射される凝固部21aは、降温過程にあるといえる。
図4(A)は本発明の第4実施形態に係る金属積層造形装置の構成図であり、図4(B)はその動作説明図である。なお、図4において図1と共通の構成又は機能を有する部分は、同一符号で示し、重複する説明を省略する。なお第4実施形態においてエネルギービーム16は、レーザビーム及び電子ビームのいずれも採用することができる。
Claims (12)
- 造形素材を供給する素材供給部と、
エネルギービームを出力し前記造形素材を溶融させる熱源と、
少なくとも前記エネルギービームを走査させる移動駆動部と、
降温過程における前記造形素材の凝固部に対しパルスレーザを照射するレーザ照射部と
を備えることを特徴とする金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記エネルギービームの出力先に前記造形素材が供給される金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記素材供給部は、
下降する第1ステージに前記造形素材としての粉体を敷き詰めて前記エネルギービーム及び前記パルスレーザを入力する第1容体と、
上昇する第2ステージと共に前記粉体を保持させる第2容体と、
前記第2容体の上部にせり出した前記粉体を前記第1容体の前記第1ステージ上に移行させる移行手段と、を有する金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項3のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記エネルギービームの出力と同時に前記パルスレーザの照射が行われる金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記パルスレーザは、照射位置におけるパワー密度が107 W/cm2以上である金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記パルスレーザは、照射位置におけるパワー密度が1012 W/cm2以上である金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項6のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記パルスレーザは、前記エネルギービームと所定の間隔を保ちながら走査される金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記造形素材は粉体として供給され、
前記エネルギービームは、レーザビーム又は電子ビームである金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項2に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
前記造形素材は、ワイヤーとして供給され、
前記エネルギービームは、レーザビーム、アーク放電又は電子ビームである金属積層造形装置。 - 請求項1から請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の金属積層造形装置において、
既に形成された前記造形素材の凝固部に対し、さらに前記造形素材の凝固部を形成する金属積層造形装置。 - 造形素材を供給するステップと、
エネルギービームを走査させながら出力し前記造形素材を溶融させるステップと、
降温過程における前記造形素材の凝固部に対しパルスレーザを照射するステップと、を含むことを特徴とする金属積層造形方法。 - 請求項11に記載の金属積層造形方法において、
前記エネルギービームの出力先に前記造形素材が供給される金属積層造形方法。
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JPS6479320A (en) * | 1987-09-19 | 1989-03-24 | Nippon Steel Corp | Improvement of material quality of metal for welding austenitic stainless steel |
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US20180104742A1 (en) * | 2016-10-18 | 2018-04-19 | General Electric Company | Method and system for thermographic inspection of additive manufactured parts |
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US20210197278A1 (en) | 2021-07-01 |
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EP3845333A1 (en) | 2021-07-07 |
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