JPWO2019157477A5 - - Google Patents

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JPWO2019157477A5
JPWO2019157477A5 JP2020564804A JP2020564804A JPWO2019157477A5 JP WO2019157477 A5 JPWO2019157477 A5 JP WO2019157477A5 JP 2020564804 A JP2020564804 A JP 2020564804A JP 2020564804 A JP2020564804 A JP 2020564804A JP WO2019157477 A5 JPWO2019157477 A5 JP WO2019157477A5
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少なくとも１つのチャネルシステムで形成されたプレートを備える装置であって、前記少なくとも１つのチャネルシステムの各々は、
第１のリザーバに隣接する第１の開口部であって、前記第１のリザーバは前記第１の開口部を越えて位置している、第１の開口部と、
第２のリザーバに隣接する第２の開口部であって、前記第２のリザーバは前記第２の開口部を越えて位置している、第２の開口部と、
前記プレート内にあって、前記第１の開口部および前記第２の開口部に結合されているチャネルであって、前記チャネルの特性長は、前記第１の開口部または前記第２の開口部における対象オブジェクトの最小平均自由行程の１０００倍未満であり、前記チャネルの特性幅は、前記第１の開口部における、または前記第２の開口部における前記対象オブジェクトの最小平均自由行程の１０００倍未満であり、前記対象オブジェクトは媒体の別個の部分であり、前記第１のリザーバおよび前記第２のリザーバは前記チャネルの外側に存在する、チャネルと、
前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部へと延びる重心であって、前記チャネルの長さに沿って見たときに前記チャネルの断面領域の中心である重心と、を備え、
第１の積と第２の積との比率は１よりも大きく、前記第１の積は、前記第１の開口部のキャプチャ領域と前記第１の開口部に関連する第１の透過率との積であり、前記第２の積は、前記第２の開口部のキャプチャ領域と前記第２の開口部に関連する第２の透過率との積である、装置。 A device comprising a plate formed of at least one channel system, each of said at least one channel system.
A first opening adjacent to the first reservoir, wherein the first reservoir is located beyond the first opening.
A second opening adjacent to the second reservoir, wherein the second reservoir is located beyond the second opening.
A channel in the plate that is coupled to the first opening and the second opening, the characteristic length of the channel being the first opening or the second opening. Is less than 1000 times the minimum mean free path of the target object in, and the characteristic width of the channel is less than 1000 times the minimum mean free path of the target object in the first opening or in the second opening. The target object is a separate part of the medium, the first reservoir and the second reservoir are outside the channel, with the channel.
It comprises a center of gravity extending from the first opening to the second opening, which is the center of the cross-sectional region of the channel when viewed along the length of the channel.
The ratio of the first product to the second product is greater than 1, the first product being the capture area of the first opening and the first transmittance associated with the first opening. The second product is the product of the capture region of the second opening and the second transmittance associated with the second opening. 前記チャネルの前記長さに沿った前記チャネルの断面領域は、円形、長方形、多角形、または楕円形である、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the channel along the length of the channel is circular, rectangular, polygonal, or elliptical. 前記チャネルの断面領域の等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さの少なくとも一部に沿って直線的に増加し、前記等価半径は、前記チャネルの前記断面領域を円周率で除したものの平方根であり、前記断面領域は前記重心に対して垂直に測定される、請求項１に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel increases linearly from the first opening to the second opening along the center of gravity and along at least a portion of the length of the channel. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent radius is the square root of the cross-sectional region of the channel divided by the circumferential ratio, and the cross-sectional region is measured perpendicular to the center of gravity. 前記チャネルの前記断面領域の前記等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の前記方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さ全体に沿って直線的に増加する、請求項３に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel increases linearly from the first opening in the direction of the second opening, along the center of gravity, and along the entire length of the channel. The device according to claim 3. 前記チャネルの前記断面領域の等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さの少なくとも一部に沿って変化率が減少しながら増加し、前記等価半径は、前記チャネルの前記断面領域を円周率で除したものの平方根であり、前記断面領域は前記重心に対して垂直に測定される、請求項１に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel has a rate of change from the first opening in the direction of the second opening, along the center of gravity, along at least a portion of the length of the channel. The first aspect of claim 1, wherein the equivalent radius increases while decreasing, and the equivalent radius is the square root of the cross-section region of the channel divided by pi, the cross-section region being measured perpendicular to the center of gravity. Device. 前記チャネルの前記断面領域の前記等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の前記方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さ全体に沿って変化率が減少しながら増加する、請求項５に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel decreases in the direction from the first opening to the second opening, along the center of gravity, and along the entire length of the channel. The device according to claim 5, which increases while increasing. 前記チャネルの前記断面領域の等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さの少なくとも一部に沿って変化率が増加しながら増加し、前記等価半径は、前記チャネルの前記断面領域を円周率で除したものの平方根であり、前記断面領域は前記重心に対して垂直に測定される、請求項１に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel has a rate of change from the first opening in the direction of the second opening, along the center of gravity, along at least a portion of the length of the channel. 1. Device. 前記チャネルの前記断面領域の前記等価半径は、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部の前記方向に、前記重心に沿って、前記チャネルの前記長さ全体に沿って変化率が増加しながら増加する、請求項７に記載の装置。 The equivalent radius of the cross-sectional region of the channel increases in rate from the first opening in the direction of the second opening, along the center of gravity, and along the entire length of the channel. The device according to claim 7, which increases while increasing. 前記プレートは、前記プレート内に並列の形態で構成された少なくとも２つのチャネルシステムを備える、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the plate comprises at least two channel systems configured in parallel within the plate. 前記装置は、互いに隣接して直列に構成された少なくとも２つのプレートを備える、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises at least two plates configured in series adjacent to each other. 前記チャネルシステムは複数の第２の開口部を備え、前記チャネルシステムは前記第１の開口部を前記複数の第２の開口部に拡散的に結合させている、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the channel system comprises a plurality of second openings, wherein the channel system is diffusively coupled to the plurality of second openings. 前記チャネルシステムは複数の第１の開口部を備え、前記チャネルシステムは、前記複数の第１の開口部を前記第２の開口部に拡散的に結合させている、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the channel system comprises a plurality of first openings, the channel system diffusively couplings the plurality of first openings to the second opening. .. 前記媒体は、真空、ガス、液体、固体、またはこれらの組み合わせを含む、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the medium comprises a vacuum, gas, liquid, solid, or a combination thereof. 前記対象オブジェクトは粒子を含み、前記粒子は、光子、電子、原子、分子、塵埃粒子、エアロゾル、準粒子、正孔、または媒体の別の別個の部分のうちの少なくとも１つである、請求項１に記載の装置。 The object of interest comprises a particle, wherein the particle is at least one of a photon, an electron, an atom, a molecule, a dust particle, an aerosol, a quasiparticle, a hole, or another separate part of a medium. The device according to 1. 前記対象オブジェクトは仮想粒子を含み、前記仮想粒子は、量子場理論によって記述されるような、仮想光子、仮想電子、仮想陽電子、または仮想クォークを含む、請求項１に記載の装置。 The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the target object includes a virtual particle, and the virtual particle contains a virtual photon, a virtual electron, a virtual positron, or a virtual quark as described by quantum field theory. 前記対象オブジェクトは波を含み、前記波は音響波、海洋波、音子、光子、または電子のうちの少なくとも１つである、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the object is a wave, wherein the wave is at least one of an acoustic wave, an ocean wave, a sound, a photon, or an electron. 前記プレートは、前記第１のリザーバ内の対象オブジェクトと比較して前記第２のリザーバ内の対象オブジェクトの正味の濃度差を生成させるために用いられる、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the plate is used to generate a net concentration difference of the subject object in the second reservoir as compared to the subject object in the first reservoir. 前記プレートは、前記第１のリザーバから前記第２のリザーバの中へと対象オブジェクトの正味のバルクフローを生成させるために用いられる、請求項１に記載の装置。 The device of claim 1, wherein the plate is used to generate a net bulk flow of objects of interest from the first reservoir into the second reservoir. 通常動作中に前記プレートに正味の推力が作用する、請求項１８に記載の装置。 18. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein a net thrust acts on the plate during normal operation. 前記プレートの前記チャネルを介して対象オブジェクトの質量流量を調節すること、および関連する推力を調節すること、が可能なバルブを更に備える、請求項１８に記載の装置。 18. The device of claim 18, further comprising a valve capable of regulating the mass flow rate of the subject object through said channel of the plate and adjusting the associated thrust. 前記バルブは並進スパイクバルブ（ｔｒａｎｓｌａｔｉｎｇ ｓｐｉｋｅ ｖａｌｖｅ）を含む、請求項２０に記載の装置。 20. The device of claim 20, wherein the valve comprises a translation spike valve. 前記対象オブジェクトは光子を含み、光子の前記正味のバルクフローは熱伝達を生み、前記熱伝達は１つのオブジェクトからより熱いオブジェクトへ、またはより冷たいオブジェクトへと生じる、請求項１８に記載の装置。 18. The device of claim 18, wherein the object of interest comprises photons, the net bulk flow of photons produces heat transfer, and the heat transfer occurs from one object to a hotter object or a colder object. 対象オブジェクトの軌跡を前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部への方向に集束するように構成された集束装置を更に備え、前記対象オブジェクトの透過率の差の少なくとも一部は、前記集束装置によって促進される、請求項１に記載の装置。 A focusing device configured to focus the locus of the target object in the direction from the first opening to the second opening is further provided, and at least a part of the difference in the transmittance of the target object is the above. The device according to claim 1, which is promoted by a focusing device. 前記集束装置は、前記対象オブジェクトの前記軌跡を集束させるように構成された表面形状寸法を用いている、請求項２３に記載の装置。 23. The device of claim 23, wherein the focusing device uses surface shape dimensions configured to focus the locus of the target object. 前記表面形状寸法は凹状の表面を備える、請求項２４に記載の装置。 24. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the surface shape dimension comprises a concave surface. 前記集束装置は特定のチャネルを備え、前記特定のチャネルの断面領域は、前記特定のチャネルの前記長さに沿って減少する、請求項２４に記載の装置。 24. The device of claim 24, wherein the focusing device comprises a particular channel and the cross-sectional area of the particular channel is reduced along the length of the particular channel. 前記集束装置は特定のチャネルを備え、前記特定のチャネルの断面領域は、前記特定のチャネルの前記長さに沿って増加する、請求項２４に記載の装置。 24. The device of claim 24, wherein the focusing device comprises a particular channel, and the cross-sectional area of the particular channel increases along the length of the particular channel. 前記集束装置は、レンズ材料を通る屈折を使用する、請求項２３に記載の装置。 23. The device of claim 23, wherein the focusing device uses refraction through a lens material. 前記集束装置は、前記対象オブジェクトの体積数密度の等温かつ断熱的な増加、およびエントロピーの低減を生じさせる、請求項２３に記載の装置。 23. The device of claim 23, wherein the focusing device results in an isothermal and adiabatic increase in the volume number density of the target object and a reduction in entropy. 対象オブジェクトの軌跡を前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部への方向にデフォーカスするように構成されたデフォーカス装置を更に備え、前記対象オブジェクトの透過率の差の少なくとも一部は、前記デフォーカス装置によって促進される、請求項１に記載の装置。 Further, a defocusing device configured to defocus the locus of the target object in the direction from the first opening to the second opening is further provided, and at least a part of the difference in the transmittance of the target object is The device according to claim 1, which is promoted by the defocus device. 前記デフォーカス装置は、対象オブジェクトの前記軌跡をデフォーカスさせるように構成された表面形状寸法を用いている、請求項３０に記載の装置。 The device according to claim 30, wherein the defocus device uses a surface shape dimension configured to defocus the locus of the target object. 前記表面形状寸法は凸状の表面を備える、請求項３１に記載の装置。 31. The apparatus of claim 31, wherein the surface shape dimension comprises a convex surface. 前記デフォーカス装置は、減少する断面領域を有する特定のチャネルを備える、請求項３１に記載の装置。 31. The device of claim 31, wherein the defocusing device comprises a particular channel having a reduced cross-sectional area. 前記デフォーカス装置は、増加する断面領域を有する特定のチャネルを備える、請求項３１に記載の装置。 31. The device of claim 31, wherein the defocusing device comprises a particular channel with an increasing cross-sectional area. 前記デフォーカス装置は、レンズ材料を通る屈折を使用する、請求項３０に記載の装置。 30. The device of claim 30, wherein the defocus device uses refraction through a lens material. 前記デフォーカス装置は、対象オブジェクトの体積数密度の等温かつ断熱的な低減、およびエントロピーの増加を生じさせる、請求項３０に記載の装置。 30. The device of claim 30, wherein the defocusing device results in an isothermal and adiabatic reduction in the volume number density of the target object and an increase in entropy. 前記チャネルは第１のセクションと第２のセクションを備え、前記第１のセクションおよび前記第２のセクションは互いに拡散的に結合され、前記第１のセクションは前記第１の開口部に拡散的に結合され、前記第２のセクションは前記第２の開口部に拡散的に結合され、前記第１のセクションは、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部に向かう方向に断面領域が減少する区域を備え、前記第２のセクションは、前記第１の開口部から前記第２の開口部に向かう方向に断面領域が増加する区域を備え、断面領域の変化は、前記第１のセクションにおけるよりも前記第２のセクションにおいて、より小さい、請求項１に記載の装置。 The channel comprises a first section and a second section, the first section and the second section are diffusively coupled to each other and the first section is diffusively coupled to the first opening. Combined, the second section is diffusively coupled to the second opening, the first section having a reduced cross-sectional area in the direction from the first opening to the second opening. The second section comprises an area where the cross-sectional area increases in the direction from the first opening to the second opening, and the change in the cross-sectional area is in the first section. The device according to claim 1, which is smaller than in the second section.
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US201862710120P 2018-02-09 2018-02-09
US62/710,120 2018-02-09
US201862710224P 2018-02-12 2018-02-12
US62/710,224 2018-02-12
US201862710608P 2018-02-23 2018-02-23
US62/710,608 2018-02-23
US201862917461P 2018-12-06 2018-12-06
US201862917459P 2018-12-06 2018-12-06
US62/917,461 2018-12-06
US62/917,459 2018-12-06
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