KR101382936B1 - Radiator with Structures Woven of Tubes and Wires - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a radiator, the distribution pipe is installed on one side and the fluid is introduced, the collection pipe is installed on the other side of the distribution pipe and the fluid is discharged, and one direction disposed between the collection pipe and the distribution pipe It is disposed in contact with the plurality of wires and the wire, one end is connected to the distribution pipe, the other end is connected to the water collecting pipe, including a plurality of tubes in one or more directions through which the fluid passes, high strength to weight, It provides a radiator using a truss structure assembled from tubes and wires with low flow resistance and low dust adhesion, and high heat transfer efficiency.

Description

Radiator with Structures Woven of Tubes and Wires

The present invention relates to a radiator, and more particularly, to a radiator using a truss structure composed of tubes and wires having high strength to weight, low flow resistance, poor adhesion of dust, and high heat transfer efficiency.

In general, a radiator is a mechanical device for heat exchange purposes, and is used for various cooling / heating units, automotive engine cooling, and electronic device cooling. Specifically, a radiator usually consists of a tube or tube through which a heated or cooled fluid flows, and fins having a large surface area and in contact with surrounding air. The radiator has been developed to increase the area of the cooling fins while increasing the heat transfer efficiency while reducing the weight of the entire system. As a result, the radiator has been manufactured to have a thin and dense fin using aluminum as the main material. In this regard, the conventional radiator is divided into two types according to the configuration of the tube and the fin, as shown in Figure 1, more specifically, the plate (platen) to fit the tube to a plurality of holes perforated thin plate Finned and flattened tubes are arranged in a plurality at regular intervals, and are divided into corrugated fins in which thin fins are arranged in a zigzag form in the spaces between the tubes. However, in the conventional radiator as described above, since the flow of air through the fin is difficult because the fins are densely arranged to increase the surface area, a separate fan is installed at the front and rear of the radiator to force the air to flow. Mostly.

On the other hand, the truss structure has traditionally been widely used as a lightweight, high-strength structure for civil engineering, construction, and in recent years, the truss structure has been greatly reduced in size so that the length of the truss element is several micrometers to several millimeters. Has been reported to have excellent properties as a kind of porous material. In other words, the existing porous material (porous material) is composed of a number of curved elements, such as irregular arch or round, but the new porous material having a truss shape is significantly superior to the foam material in terms of mechanical strength and rigidity Do. Such truss structures may be classified according to the shape of the unit cell. Specifically, FIG. 2 shows a single layer structure of pyramids, octets, and kagome trusses, which are typical truss structures, and a multi-layer structure of kagome trusses, and a method of manufacturing a material composed of such trusses is Wadley. , Fleck, Evans (Fabrication and structural performance of periodic cellular metal sandwich structures, Composites Science and Technology Vol. 63, pp.23312343 (2003)). Specifically, a material having a single layer truss structure may be manufactured through sheet forming or wire bending, but a material having a multilayer truss structure may be manufactured only by investment casting. In this case, investment casting is a method of making a truss structure with resin and casting a metal with a mold (S. Chiras, DR Mumm, N. Wicks, AG Evans, JW Hutchinson, K. Dharmasena, HNG Wadley, S). Fichter, 2002, International Journal of Solids and Structures, Vol. 39, pp. 4093-4115).

Accordingly, the present inventors have three-dimensional having a shape similar to an ideal kagome truss or octet truss by intersecting a group of six-way continuous wire having azimuth angle of 60 degrees or 120 degrees in space to solve the problems of the known techniques described above. A porous lightweight structure and a method of manufacturing the same have been developed, and the details thereof are disclosed in Korean Patent No. 0708483. In addition, the inventors of the present invention can more efficiently manufacture a three-dimensional porous lightweight structure, a three-dimensional porous lightweight structure woven from a spiral wire that is assembled by first forming a continuous wire spirally, then rotating and inserting the same, and manufacturing the same. The method has been proposed, and the details thereof are disclosed in Korean Patent No. 1029183.

In connection with the aforementioned patent, FIG. 3 shows a structure in which a shape similar to the three-dimensional kagome truss in FIG. 2 is assembled with a spiral wire. The three-dimensional multilayer truss structure composed of spiral wires having a shape similar to that of the kagome truss shown in FIG. 3 has various advantages over the prior art, such as excellent mechanical properties and mass production by a continuous process. However, when the three-dimensional multilayer truss structure is manufactured in the form of a generally used rectangular parallelepiped, the shape of the unit cell existing at the edge is not intact, which is not good in appearance, and has a disadvantage in terms of mechanical strength, as well as interference between wires. There is a limit to increasing the placement density of the wires.

Accordingly, the inventors have proposed a method of manufacturing a new three-dimensional porous lightweight structure that can be manufactured from a spiral wire, but having a different form from the kagome truss. For reference, FIGS. 4 to 8 are structures disclosed in the registered patent, and FIG. 9 is a view showing unit cells of the multi-layered truss structure assembled with the spiral wires of FIGS. 3 and 4 to 8. Separately, three of the inventors, including Kang Gi-joo, have a structure in which only two wires meet at a wire crossing point while being able to assemble a spiral wire, and thus, a new three-dimensional that can be manufactured as a spiral wire having a smaller spiral radius. A grating truss structure and a manufacturing method thereof have been proposed in Patent Application No. 10-2010-0059690, and FIG. 10 shows a representative example thereof.

Meanwhile, FIGS. 11 and 12 show flow resistances and heat transfer efficiencies of various metal materials used for heat exchange, respectively, which are described by Joo et al. (Jai-Hwang Joo, Bo-Seon Kang, Ki-Ju Kang, Experimental Heat Transfer, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 99-116, 2009). In this case, “Orientation A” and “Orientation B” of FIGS. 11 and 12 show the direction-specific characteristics of the pseudo-cargo truss assembled with the wires disclosed in Patent No. 1029183. The materials compared in FIGS. 11 and 12 are classified into finely woven forms such as foam metal and wire-woven screen, corrugated duct and louvered fin. 3) one consisting of a thin plate such as), and one having a flat truss structure such as Lattice Frame Metal (LFM), Kagome truss, and wire assembly-like Kagome truss (Orientation A, B). There is. As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, it can be seen that both the flow factor and the heat transfer efficiency are distributed in the order of the tightly woven form> the truss structure> the thin plate. This means that the larger the surface area of the material, the higher the heat transfer efficiency and the higher the flow resistance of the air.

In this case, paying attention to having a truss structure, it can be seen that the flow resistance is close to that of a thin plate but the heat transfer efficiency is close to that of a tightly woven form. This means that the flow resistance is low while the heat transfer efficiency is high, so it can be seen that it is very desirable to have a truss structure as a heat exchange medium for forced convection. In particular, it can be seen that the heat transfer efficiency of the wire-assembled pseudo-gome truss is close to that of the tightly woven form.

The peculiar property of having the truss structure described above is that heat transfer is activated by turbulent flow generated around the truss element arranged against the flow of the fluid. Moreover, adhesion of dust or the like is prevented because of the locally accelerated flow around each truss element. On the other hand, the thin plate consists of laminar flow and a fully developed boundary layer, resulting in a delay in heat transfer (Ref. 1. T. Kim, HP Hodson, TJ Lu, “ Contribution of vortex structures and flow separation to local pressure and heat transfer characteristics in an ultralightweight lattice material, ”International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 48, n19-20 (2005): 4243-4264. 2.T. Kim, HP Hodson, TJ Lu, “Pressure loss and heat transfer mechanisms in a lattice-frame structured heat exchanger,” IMechE Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science Part C, 218, n11 (2004): 1321-1336. 3.T. Kim, HP Hodson, TJ Lu, “Fluid-flow and endwall heat-transfer characteristics of an ultralight lattice-frame material” International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47, n6-7 (2004): 1129-1140. 4.T. Kim, CY Zhao, HP Hodson, TJ Lu, “Convective heat dissipation with lattice-frame materials” Mechanic s of Materials 36, n8 (2004): 767-780. 5. J. Tian, T. Kim, TJ Lu, HP Hodson, DT Queheillalt, HNG Wadley, “The effects of topology upon fluid-flow and heat transfer within cellular copper structures, ”International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 47, n14-16 (2004): 3171-3186.).

Meanwhile, two papers by Kang Gi-joo, one of the inventors (Byung-Kon Lee and Ki-Ju Kang, Scripta Materialia, Vol. 60, pp. 391-394, 2009. JS Park, JH Joo, BC Lee, KJ Kang) , Intern J. of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 53, pp. 65-73, 2011.), can be fabricated and assembled to form a pseudo-kagome structure by spirally forming a tube, not a wire, and increasing strength while reducing weight. It has been proven. Specifically, (a) of Figure 13 is an example of manufacturing a pseudo-kagome truss disclosed in Patent No. 1029183 after the tube is formed in a spiral form, Figure 13 (b) is a portion of the three tubes intersecting Optical micrograph of the cross section. It can be seen from FIGS. 13A and 13B that the tube is well bonded to the filler metal with almost no damage to the shape of the tube.

Conventional radiators have been developed in the direction of improving heat transfer efficiency by increasing the contact area with air as described above. Therefore, it is designed to arrange as many fins as possible per unit area, but this inevitably increases the flow resistance, thereby increasing the energy consumption of the blower disposed before and after for air distribution. In addition, due to the densely arranged fins, the air flow path is easily blocked by foreign matters. In particular, radiators used in dusty environments, such as deserts and large cities, are easily deteriorated in air flow, thereby reducing overall heat transfer efficiency. And cause an associated system failure. In addition, the thin finned radiator is structurally very fragile enough to be barely touched by bare hands, so it is easily broken in a car crash and does not contribute to the safety of the car.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire assembled with a high strength to weight, low flow resistance and low adhesion of dust as well as high heat transfer efficiency The purpose is to provide a radiator.

As means for solving the above-mentioned technical problem,

The present invention is provided on one side of the distribution pipe in which the fluid is introduced, the other side of the distribution pipe is installed in the discharge pipe, the plurality of wires in one or more directions disposed between the collection pipe and the distribution pipe and The truss structure is arranged in contact with the wire, one end is connected to the distribution pipe, the other end is connected to the collecting pipe and the tube and the wire is composed of a plurality of tubes comprising at least one direction through which the fluid passes It provides the radiator used.

In this case, it is preferable that the arrangement form of the wire and the tube form a truss structure.

In addition, the wire and the tube may be made straight or spiral.

According to the present invention, since the radiator is configured based on a three-dimensional truss structure having a stable structure, strength and rigidity relative to weight can be greatly improved.

In addition, since heat exchange occurs in contact with air passing through the sparsely arranged truss elements, the heat transfer efficiency of the air is low and the heat transfer efficiency can be obtained. That is, the heat transfer is activated by turbulent flow generated around the truss elements arranged against the flow of the fluid, and locally attached flow is prevented due to the locally accelerated flow around each truss element. This enables long-term performance even in dusty environments.

In addition, the truss structure is often statically determinated or kinematically determinated, and in this case, even if the wire or tube is locally contracted or expanded due to uneven temperature change, Thermal stress) hardly occurs, so durability is excellent.

In addition, a variety of materials can be produced in the form of tubes and wires, and there are various techniques for manufacturing trusses using wires, and thus, manufacturing a three-dimensional truss-type heat exchanger based on them is expensive and bulky. It is advantageous in terms of productivity.

1 is a view showing the type and structure of a radiator according to the prior art,
2 is a diagram showing a single layer structure of a pyramid, an octet, and a kagome truss and a multilayer structure of a kagome truss;
3 is a view showing a three-dimensional truss structure assembled with a spiral wire similar to the three-dimensional kagome truss of the lower part of FIG.
4 to 8 show a multi-layered truss structure assembled from spiral wires,
9 is a view showing a unit cell of the multi-layered truss structure of FIGS.
10 shows a three-dimensional grating truss structure made of spiral wires,
11 and 12 are graphs showing flow resistance and heat transfer efficiency of various metal materials used for heat exchange;
13 is an enlarged photograph of a cross section of a similar kagome truss structure assembled with a tube,
14 is a view showing the structure of a radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention,
15 is a view showing the structure of a radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to a second embodiment of the present invention,
16 and 17 is a view showing the tube and wire structure of the radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to a third embodiment of the present invention,
18 is a view showing a conventional cooling fin shape and the cooling fin shape of the present invention, respectively,
19 is a view showing a result of analyzing the flow phenomenon of air using the cooling fin of FIG. 18,
20 is an enlarged view of the right side of FIG. 19;

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can easily carry out the present invention. The present invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. In order to clearly explain the present invention, parts not related to the description are omitted, and similar parts are denoted by similar reference numerals throughout the specification.

First, the present invention is in contact with the distribution pipe in which the fluid is introduced, the collecting pipe which is installed on the opposite side of the distribution pipe and the fluid is discharged, a plurality of wires disposed between the collecting pipe and the distribution pipe and the wire The present invention relates to a radiator in which heat exchange is performed, including a plurality of tubes disposed between a collecting pipe and the distribution pipe.

First Embodiment

14 is a view showing the structure of a radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 14, the radiator 100 using the truss structure assembled with the tube and the wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention includes a distribution pipe 110, a collection pipe 120, and a wire 130. And a tube 140.

Specifically, the distribution pipe 110 is formed in a straight line in the configuration for distributing the fluid inlet, the inlet 110a is formed at the upper end.

Next, the collecting pipe 120 is installed on the opposite side of the distribution pipe 110 to collect and discharge the fluid flowing into the distribution pipe 110 and passing through the tube 140. In this case, the collection pipe 120 is made in a straight line like the distribution pipe 110, the discharge port 120a is formed at the lower end.

Subsequently, the wire 130 is made of a metallic material in order to exchange heat or cold conducted from the fluid passing through the tube 140 with air flowing around by convection, and the distribution pipe 110 And the water collecting pipe 120 are arranged to cross in two diagonal directions.

Finally, the tube 140 is made of a metal material in a configuration for passing the fluid for heat exchange, one end is connected to the distribution pipe 110, the other end is connected to the collecting pipe 120. In this case, the tubes 140 are horizontally arranged in multiple stages in a straight line, and are preferably in contact with each other at the intersection with the wires 130 so as to conduct heat or cold of the fluid to the wires 130.

The structure of the radiator using the truss structure assembled with the tube and the wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention has been described above. Hereinafter, the operation of the radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

First, the fluid which is a heat transfer medium is introduced through the inlet 110a and branched by the distribution pipe 110, and then flows in the horizontal direction through the tube 140, and finally the water collecting pipe 120 is collected. And is discharged through the outlet 120a. In this process, the heat or cold of the fluid is conducted to the tube 140 and the wire 130 which is in contact with the tube 140, and thus is naturally induced at the surface of the tube 140 and the wire 130. Convection and forced convection occur to exchange heat with the surrounding air.

Second Example

15 is a view showing the structure of a radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 15, the radiator 200 using the truss structure assembled with the tube and the wire according to the second embodiment of the present invention is similar to the first embodiment described above, the distribution pipe 210 and the collecting pipe ( 220 and the wire 230 and the tube 240, but the tube 240 is disposed in two directions, the wire 230 is a difference in that it is disposed in one direction.

That is, the wire 230 is disposed in one diagonal direction, and the tube 240 is disposed to cross one horizontal direction and one diagonal direction. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the distribution pipe 210 and the water collection pipe 220 are bent in a L shape so that the fluid can pass smoothly through the tubes 240 arranged in two directions as described above. In this case, of course, the distribution pipe 210 and the collecting pipe 220 are installed to face each other.

On the other hand, other configurations and actions of the present embodiment are the same as the first embodiment described above, in addition to the differences described above will be omitted herein.

Third Embodiment

16 and 17 are unit cells of the truss structure consisting of the tube and the wire in the radiator using the truss structure assembled with the tube and the wire according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

The radiator using the truss structure assembled with the tube and the wire according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes a distribution pipe, a collecting pipe, a wire and a tube as in the first and second embodiments described above. The technical feature is that the wire and the tube form a truss structure.

That is, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16 and 17, the out-of-plane tube 340 formed in a spiral shape and the wire 330 in the in-plane direction are assembled. To construct a truss structure similar to that shown in FIG. 3 or to construct a truss structure similar to that shown in FIG. 8 in the same manner. Meanwhile, it can be seen from FIG. 16 and FIG. 17 that the truss structure can be configured in spite of the significantly larger diameter of the tube 340 than the wire 330.

In this case, for convenience of description, the wire 330 and the tube 340 are helical, and the truss structure is illustrated only in the shapes shown in FIGS. 16 and 17. The form of is not limited to this. For example, the shape of the wire and the tube may be preformed in the form of a spiral, such as Patent No. 1029183, Patent No. 1155267, or a mixture of straight and spiral forms, such as Patent No. 1155262, Patent No. 0566729 It is also possible to be configured only in a straight form, such as a flexible state, such as the Patent No. 0444326, the truss structure may also be applied to all truss structures of other forms, as well as two-dimensional truss structure or three-dimensional truss structure. In addition, the number of directions of the tube and the wire can also be appropriately combined as necessary, such as 2 + 4, 4 + 2, 5 + 1, 1 + 5, etc. instead of 3 + 3.

On the other hand, the inventors performed the following simulation to prove the effect of the present invention configured as described above.

First, Figure 18 shows the structure of the two cooling fins, the left side is a conventional cooling fin shape consisting of parallel plates, the right side is a cooling fin having an octet truss (octet) truss form a typical truss structure. In addition, FIG. 19 is representative of the phenomenon of air flow when the cooling fins of FIG. 18 are placed in close contact with upper and lower surfaces, and then laminar air is blown to one end surface of a flow path by applying heat to upper and lower surfaces. The result is analyzed by Fluent, the flow analysis software. In this case, the heat flux of heat applied to the upper and lower surfaces is 16 kW / m ² , and the flow rate of air passing through is 20 m / s. The air passing through the conventional parallel plate cooling fins shown on the left side from FIG. 19 has almost no flow fluctuation except for the slight fluctuations at the outlet, whereas the air passing through the octet truss cooling fin on the right side is large. It can be seen that the turbulent flow disturbance occurs and the exit changes to overall turbulent flow. On the other hand, FIG. 20 is an enlarged view of the right side of FIG. 19, from which it can be seen that severe turbulence occurs around the columnar truss, particularly the rear. This flow phenomenon is called horse shoe vortex, and co-inventor Kim Dong-beom of the present invention is described in his paper (T. Kim, HP Hodson, TJ Lu, “Contribution of vortex structures and flow separation to local pressure and heat transfer characteristics in an ultra-lightweight lattice material, ”International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 48, n19-20 (2005): 4243-4264.). And promote heat transfer. This phenomenon has attracted the attention of academics as opposed to the conventional design of cooling fins, 'to have as much surface area as possible'. For reference, the journal “International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer” is the JCR's top 10% journal and has the highest authority in heat transfer and flow. On the other hand, the air passing through the conventional parallel plate-type cooling fins maintains laminar flow, and a boundary layer is formed between the surfaces of the cooling fins, further slowing heat transfer between the passing air and the cooling fins and accumulating dust on the surface. The shape occurs.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings. As described above, according to the present invention, since the structure constituting the radiator is made of a truss structure having a light weight and high strength and rigidity, excellent durability can be obtained because little stress is applied to the tube or wire during thermal expansion and contraction. In addition, since heat exchange occurs in contact with the air passing through the sparsely arranged truss elements, high heat transfer efficiency can be obtained with low air flow resistance.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Therefore, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning, range, and equivalence of the claims are included in the scope of the present invention. .

100: radiator 110: distribution pipe
110a: inlet 120: water collecting pipe
120a: outlet 130: wire
140: tube 200: radiator
210: distribution pipe 210a: inlet
220: collecting pipe 220a: outlet
230: wire 240: tube
330: wire 340: tube

Claims (3)

A distribution pipe installed at one side and into which the fluid is introduced, a collection pipe installed at the other side of the distribution pipe to discharge the fluid, and a plurality of wires in at least one direction disposed between the collection pipe and the distribution pipe and the wires; In the radiator which is disposed in contact, one end is connected to the distribution pipe, the other end is connected to the collecting pipe and comprises a plurality of tubes in one or more directions through which the fluid passes,
The wire and the tube has a circular cross-sectional structure, the whole or part of which forms a three-dimensional truss structure, not only has a high strength to weight, but also causes turbulent flow around the three-dimensional truss structure, thereby improving heat transfer efficiency and dust. Radiator using a truss structure assembled with a tube and a wire, characterized in that to prevent the attachment of. delete delete

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