JPWO2019087718A1 - Hydroponics method and storage body with plants for bonsai - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydroponic cultivation method capable of reliably cultivating bonsai plants without using soil and a storage body containing bonsai plants. In the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention, a plant 30 for bonsai is cultivated using a culture solution 20 containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles 22. The plant 30 for bonsai is preferably cherry blossom, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam. The bonsai plant 30 preferably coexists with the mycorrhizal fungus 40.

Description

The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation method and a storage body containing a plant for bonsai.

In recent years, the popularity of ornamental plants has increased overseas, and bonsai cultivated in Japan is often exported overseas.

Such bonsai plants are usually hydroponically cultivated using soil as a medium, and are traded in a potted state, for example.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-59479

In the above-mentioned bonsai trade, some countries are restricted from importing plants with soil, and it is not possible to bring in bonsai with soil as it is, which hinders the trade. There is.

In order to eliminate the obstacles to such transactions, for example, it is conceivable to adopt hydroponics instead of soil cultivation of bonsai plants during transportation (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, simply cultivating a plant for bonsai using a conventional hydroponic cultivation method may cause the roots to rot and die, and the above plant cannot be cultivated stably, resulting in a transaction. The problem has not been resolved.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is a hydroponic cultivation method capable of reliably cultivating a plant for bonsai without using soil and a storage body containing a plant for bonsai. Is to provide.

The present invention
(1) A hydroponic cultivation method for cultivating plants for bonsai using a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles.
(2) The hydroponic cultivation method according to (1) above, wherein the plant for bonsai is cherry blossom, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam.
(3) The hydroponic cultivation method according to (1) or (2) above, wherein the plant for bonsai coexists with mycorrhizal fungi.
(4) A culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nanobubbles, a plant for bonsai in which at least a part of roots is immersed in the culture solution, and a container for storing the culture solution and the plant for bonsai are provided. The present storage body containing a plant for bonsai, and (5) the storage body containing a plant for bonsai according to (4) above, wherein the plant for bonsai is cherry blossom, plum, sea urchin, purple kib, maple, maple or rock side.

In addition, in this specification, "micro-nano bubbles" is a concept including both micro-bubbles and nano-bubbles, and includes those in which micro-bubbles and nano-bubbles coexist. In addition, "bonsai" means potted plants that have been cultivated for ornamental purposes.

The present invention can provide a hydroponic cultivation method capable of reliably cultivating a bonsai plant without using soil, and a storage body containing a bonsai plant.

It is a schematic side view which shows one Embodiment of the storage body containing a plant for bonsai of this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows the other embodiment with the plant containing a bonsai of this invention. It is a schematic side view which shows the modification of the storage body containing a plant for bonsai of FIG.

<Hydroponic cultivation method>
The hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention is characterized in that a plant for bonsai is cultivated using a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles.

The plant for bonsai used in the hydroponic cultivation method is not particularly limited, but may be cherry blossom, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam in that it can be reliably hydroponically cultivated. preferable. In addition, the mode of the above-mentioned plant in hydroponics may be either a rooted plant or a branch of a plant having a cut end.

The culture solution used in the hydroponic cultivation method is generally composed of oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles and a culture solution main body other than the oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles.

Oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles are a group of fine bubbles composed of oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles such as air and oxygen gas. The micro-nano bubbles may contain either micro-bubbles or nano-bubbles alone, or may be a mixture of micro-bubbles and nano-bubbles. The above-mentioned microbubbles are a group of bubbles each having a diameter of 1 μm or more and 100 μm or less, and nanobubbles are a group of bubbles each having a diameter of 1 nm or more and less than 1 μm.

Here, the oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles do not bond due to the repulsion between the bubbles due to negative charging, and because the levitation rate is slow, they can stay in the culture solution for a long time, and the oxygen dissolution efficiency is improved. Has the property of being excellent.

The method for generating oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a micropore method, a swirling liquid flow method, a pressure dissolution method, an ejector method, a Venturi method, a mixed vapor direct contact condensation method, and an ultrasonic vibration method. The generation method used can be adopted. Among these, the generation method using the micropore type is preferable from the viewpoint of suppressing the rise in water temperature due to heat generation.

The culture medium itself serves as a medium for plants for bonsai. The main body of the culture solution contains water as a main component. In addition, the culture solution body may contain nutrients and / or rooting promoters as suitable components. Further, the culture solution body may contain other optional components as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

Nutrients are components that bonsai plants take in from the outside through the roots to maintain vitality. Examples of this nutrient include nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), sulfur (S), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn). ), Copper (Cu), molybdenum (Mo), boron (B), chlorine (Cl), liquid fertilizer containing elements such as nickel (Ni) and the like. The frequency and amount of nutrients given are not particularly limited and can be appropriately determined based on the condition of the plant for bonsai.

The rooting promoter is a component that promotes rooting of plants for bonsai. Examples of the component contained in the rooting accelerator include those containing iron ions and the like. The frequency and amount of the rooting promoter are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately determined based on the condition of the plant for bonsai.

The atmosphere for hydroponics is not particularly limited as long as plants for bonsai can be cultivated. Further, the liquid temperature of the culture solution may be a liquid temperature applied to general hydroponics, and although it depends on a plant for bonsai, for example, a liquid temperature of 5 ° C. to 35 ° C. can be applied.

The pH of the culture solution is not particularly limited as long as it is a pH required for cultivating a plant for bonsai, and for example, pH = 5 to 9 can be set.

The amount of saturated dissolved oxygen is preferable as the upper limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration in the culture solution. When the upper limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration is within the above range, the amount of oxygen absorbed from the roots of the plant can be increased, and the root growth can be maximized. On the other hand, the lower limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration is usually 2 mg / L, preferably 5 mg / L, and more preferably 7 mg / L. When the lower limit of the dissolved oxygen concentration is within the above range, aerobic microorganisms in the culture solution can actively act and the vitality of the plant can be maintained.

Next, a method of cultivating a plant for bonsai will be described. In the hydroponic cultivation method, a plant for bonsai is cultivated using a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles. Specifically, first, a culture solution is prepared. The components of the culture solution to be prepared are, for example, water such as tap water, and if necessary, nutrients, rooting promoters, etc., and after mixing these to prepare the culture solution body, a bubble generator is used. The culture solution is prepared by bubbling in the body of the culture solution to generate oxygen-containing micro-nanobubbles. The bubbling time before the plant is put in is preferably 1 hour or more, but bubbling may be started at the same time as the plant is immersed, or bubbling may be started after the plant is immersed.

Next, a soil-cultivated bonsai plant is used to remove the soil adhering to the roots of this plant. As a method for removing soil, for example, a method of pouring clean water over the roots of the plant to remove the soil, a method of blowing a gas such as air at high speed to remove the soil, and the like can be adopted.

Next, the whole root or the cut end of the branch of the plant is immersed in a culture solution containing micro-nano bubbles that are continuously generated by the bubble generator, and the plant is fixed and hydroponic cultivation so that this immersion is always maintained. I do. In addition, bubbling may be continuously performed during hydroponics, and intermittent or sporadic bubbling may be performed when oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles are staying in the culture solution.

Here, in the hydroponic cultivation method, it is preferable that the plant for bonsai coexists with the mycorrhizal fungus. Specifically, mycorrhizal fungi capable of coexisting with the above plants can be used, and the mycorrhizal fungi can coexist by spontaneously or artificially adhering them. The period of symbiosis is not particularly limited, and may be at least one period of the hydroponic cultivation period, and the above one period may be continued from the soil cultivation period before the hydroponic cultivation.

The mycorrhizal fungus that coexists with the plant for bonsai can be appropriately selected according to the tree species of the above plant. For example, examples of mycorrhizal fungi that coexist with cherry blossoms, plums, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple and maple include arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, which are endophytes. Examples of mycorrhizal fungi that coexist in rock hornbeams include ectomycorrhizal fungi such as basidiomycetes and ascomycetes. The mycorrhizal fungus that coexists with the plant for bonsai may be a combination of two or more of the above mycorrhizal fungi.

By coexisting the bonsai plant with the mycorrhizal fungus in this way, the bonsai plant can be more reliably hydroponically cultivated. This is because mycorrhizal fungi can be activated by oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles contained in the culture solution, and water and nutrients are efficiently absorbed from the roots of the plant through such mycorrhizal fungi to energize the above plants. It is presumed that this is because it is possible to give.

During hydroponics, it is preferable to replace the culture solution regularly. The frequency of exchanging the culture solution depends on the environment, but can be, for example, once / week to once / month.

Further, the environment for hydroponics is not particularly limited as long as the bonsai plant to be cultivated allows, and can be appropriately selected according to the properties of the above-mentioned plants such as outdoor and indoor cultivation. ..

As described above, in the hydroponic cultivation method, since the plants for bonsai are cultivated using the culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles, the plants for bonsai can be hydroponically cultivated without using soil. It is presumed that the presence of micro-nano bubbles can stably provide oxygen to the roots and mycorrhizal fungi of plants in contact with the micro-nano bubbles, so that the vitality of the plants can be enhanced.

<Storing body with plants for bonsai>
The container containing a plant for bonsai of the present invention stores a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles, a plant for bonsai in which at least a part of roots is immersed in the culture solution, and a culture solution and a plant for bonsai. It is equipped with a container.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the container containing a plant for bonsai of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic side view showing an embodiment of a storage body containing a plant for bonsai of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the bonsai plant-containing storage body 11 is roughly composed of a culture solution 20, a bonsai plant 30, and a container 50.

The culture solution 20 contains oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles 22. The culture solution 20 has a culture solution main body 21 and oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles 22. The culture solution 20 has the same configuration as described above in the section <Hydroponic cultivation method>.

The plant 30 for bonsai is obtained by immersing at least a part of the roots in the culture solution 20. The plant 30 for bonsai is not particularly limited, but is preferably cherry, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam in that it can be reliably hydroponically cultivated. The mode of the plant 30 in hydroponics is either a plant 31 with a root 31a (see FIG. 1) or a branch of a plant 32 having a cut cut 32a (see FIG. 2). You may.

Here, the bonsai plant 30 preferably coexists with the mycorrhizal fungus 40. The mycorrhizal fungus 40 has the same configuration as described above in the section <Hydroponic cultivation method>.

The container 50 stores the culture solution 20 and the plant 30 for bonsai. The container 50 is not particularly limited as long as it can store the culture solution 20 and the plant 30, and for example, a tray 51 (see FIG. 1), a transparent vinyl bag 52 (see FIG. 3), or the like can be adopted.

Next, a method of forming the storage body 11 containing a plant for bonsai will be described. The preparation of the culture solution 20 and the removal of soil from the roots of the plant are the same as those described in the section <Hydroponic cultivation method>. When forming the storage body 11 containing a plant for bonsai, first, the above-mentioned culture solution 20 and the plant 30 for bonsai from which the soil has been removed are prepared. Next, the culture solution 20 is injected into the container 50, and the culture solution main body 21 is subsequently bubbling using the bubble generator 60. Next, the whole root 31a of the plant for bonsai or the cut end 32a of the branch is immersed in the culture solution 20, and the plant 30 is fixed so that this immersion is always maintained to form the storage body 11 containing the plant for bonsai. ..

If the oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles 22 can stay in the culture solution 20 for a long period of time, it is not always necessary to perform bubbling, and as shown in FIG. 3, a bonsai plant that is not bubbling by the bubble generator 60. It may be a storage body 12 containing a plant.

As described above, since the bonsai plant-containing storage body 11 has the above configuration, oxygen can be stably supplied to the bonsai plant 30, and the plant 30 can be hydroponically cultivated without using soil. Can be done.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment, but is indicated by the scope of claims, and is intended to include all modifications within the meaning and scope equivalent to the scope of claims. Will be done.

For example, in the above-described embodiment, the embodiment in which the entire root 31a of the plant or the cut end 32a of the branch is immersed in the culture solution 20 containing the micro-nano bubbles 22 has been described, but the oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles are cultured in dried water moss or sponge. It may be a hydroponic cultivation method in which a liquid is impregnated and the solution is wrapped around the cut end of a root or a branch of a plant for bonsai to hold the culture liquid, or a storage body containing a plant for bonsai.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically described based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

<Preparation of culture solution>
In a plastic container (manufactured by Dailite Co., Ltd., square container), 200 L of tap water and 2 L of rooting accelerator (manufactured by Menedael Co., Ltd., trade name: plant vitality element Menedael) are mixed to prepare the culture solution body, and bubbles are formed. By bubbling air into the culture solution body for 1 hour using a generator (manufactured by Nishiken Devices Co., Ltd., model number: in-line BAB generator 20A) and a circulation pump (manufactured by Lacy Co., Ltd., model number: RMD-301). A culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles was prepared.

<Hydroponic cultivation>
Hydroponics was carried out using the plants shown in Table 1 as test plants.

[Example 1]
Using cherry tree 1 as a test plant and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus as a mycorrhizal fungus, tap water was poured over the roots of cherry tree 1 to wash off the soil adhering to the roots, and then the entire root of cherry tree 1 was placed in the container. The cherry tree 1 was fixed and hydroponically cultivated so that the immersion was always maintained. During hydroponics, air bubbling using the bubble generator was continued. The environment for hydroponics was 0 ° C. to 35 ° C. and the culture solution temperature was 5 ° C. to 35 ° C.

[Examples 2 to 5]
Hydroponics of each example was carried out by operating in the same manner as in Example 1 using the same culture solution as in Example 1 except that the test plants and mycorrhizal fungi were as shown in Table 2.

[Example 6]
Except that the test plants and mycorrhizal fungi were as shown in Table 2, the same culture solution as in Example 1 was used, and the cut end of the branch of Sakura 2 was immersed in the above culture solution. Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.

[Example 7]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the test plants and mycorrhizal fungi were as shown in Table 2.

[Example 8]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that mycorrhizal fungi did not coexist.

[Examples 9 to 12]
Hydroponics of each example was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 2 to 5, except that mycorrhizal fungi did not coexist and the same culture solution as in Example 8 was used.

[Example 13]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6 except that mycorrhizal fungi did not coexist and the same culture solution as in Example 8 was used.

[Example 14]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7 except that mycorrhizal fungi did not coexist and the same culture solution as in Example 8 was used.

[Examples 15 to 16]
As additional examples, Japanese maple 1 and Japanese maple 2 were used as test plants, and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were used as mycorrhizal fungi, and the same culture solution as in Example 1 was used in the same manner as in Example 1 to operate each example. Was hydroponically cultivated. Similar results were obtained for plants of the genus Aceraceae other than maple as test plants, for example, maple.

[Comparative Example 1]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the micro-nano bubbles were not bubbling.

[Comparative Examples 2 to 5]
Hydroponic cultivation of each example was carried out in the same manner as in Examples 2 to 5, except that micro-nanobubble bubbling was not performed and the same culture solution as in Comparative Example 1 was used.

[Comparative Example 6]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 6 except that the micro-nano bubbles were not bubbling and the same culture solution as in Comparative Example 1 was used.

[Comparative Example 7]
Hydroponics was carried out in the same manner as in Example 7 except that the micro-nano bubbles were not bubbling and the same culture solution as in Comparative Example 1 was used.

<Evaluation>
For hydroponics of each example, the suitability for hydroponics was evaluated by the following method. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2. In addition, the water quality (pH, dissolved oxygen concentration (DO, unit: mg /) of the culture solution at 1 week, 3 weeks, and 5 weeks after the start of hydroponics measured using a water quality meter (manufactured by HACH, model number: HQ40d). The measured values of L)) are shown in Table 2.

[Aptitude for hydroponics]
Hydroponics of the test plant was carried out using the hydroponic cultivation method of each example, and hydroponic cultivation was carried out using the presence or absence of sprouts that germinated after 180 days from the day when the hydroponic cultivation was started as an index. The aptitude was evaluated. At this time, if the germination of the sprout is visually recognized and the rooting is visually recognized, the hydroponics suitability is particularly good "AA", and if the germination of the sprout is visually recognized and the rooting is not visually recognized, the hydroponics suitability is good. If the germination of the above-mentioned sprout was not visually recognized as "A", the hydroponics suitability was evaluated as poor "B".

As can be seen from the evaluation results in Table 2, all of the examples had hydroponics suitability (hydroponics suitability: AA or A), whereas none of the comparative examples had hydroponics suitability (). Hydroponics suitability: B). Further, among the examples, those in which mycorrhizal fungi coexisted were particularly good in hydroponics suitability (hydroponics suitability: AA). As described above, a particularly good result (AA) was obtained in the case of a plant in which mycorrhizal fungi coexisted in a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles, because the micro-nano bubbles were trace elements such as iron (Fe). It is presumed that this was because it promoted the growth of roots of bonsai and suppressed the killing of mycorrhizal fungi by retaining oxygen in the culture solution.

11, 12 Containers containing plants for bonsai 20 Culture solution 22 Oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles 30 Plants for bonsai 40 Mycorrhizal fungi 50 Containers 60 Bubble generator

Claims (5)

A hydroponic cultivation method in which plants for bonsai are cultivated using a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the plant for bonsai is cherry blossom, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam. The hydroponic cultivation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the plant for bonsai coexists with mycorrhizal fungi. For bonsai, which comprises a culture solution containing oxygen-containing micro-nano bubbles, a plant for bonsai in which at least a part of roots is immersed in the culture solution, and a container for storing the culture solution and the plant for bonsai. Storage body with plants. The storage body containing a bonsai plant according to claim 4, wherein the plant for bonsai is cherry blossom, plum, ilex serrata, beautyberry, maple, maple or rock hornbeam.

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