CN111990201B

CN111990201B - Segmented ladder type cultivation method for pyracantha oblique-dry type miniature bonsai

Info

Publication number: CN111990201B
Application number: CN202010710598.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李木良; 李晓红; 包润泽; 邱发根; 贺方翔; 杨月; 谭廷鸿; 杨传东; 杨友山
Original assignee: Tongren Mantanghong Agricultural Technology Co ltd; Tongren University
Current assignee: Tongren Mantanghong Agricultural Technology Co ltd; Tongren University
Priority date: 2020-07-22
Filing date: 2020-07-22
Publication date: 2022-06-28
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-22
Also published as: CN111990201A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of bonsai cultivation, and particularly relates to a segmented ladder type cultivation method of a pyracantha oblique-dry type miniature bonsai; the cultivation of the pyracantha fortuneana miniature bonsai is carried out by combining a stem cultivation method, a step-by-step directional branch cultivation method and the like through a stem cultivation mold frame consisting of an A-type support frame, a bonsai control molding mold frame and a high-pressure support frame, so that one pyracantha fortuneana seedling can be cultivated to obtain a multi-pot miniature bonsai, three-dimensional cultivation is realized, the utilization rate and the land utilization rate of the pyracantha fortuneana seedling are improved, the cultivated pyracantha miniature bonsai is exquisite and exquisite, legendary small dragon with horns koji is multi-pose and is naturally coordinated, and large-scale and standardized production can be realized.

Description

Segmented ladder type cultivation method for pyracantha oblique-dry type miniature bonsai

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of bonsai cultivation, and particularly relates to a segmented ladder type cultivation method for a pyracantha oblique-dry type miniature bonsai.

Background

A potted landscape is one of the excellent traditional Chinese arts, and is an artwork which takes plants and mountain stones as basic materials to express natural landscape in a pot. It uses plant, mountain stone, soil and water as raw material, and makes them undergo the process of artistic creation and horticultural cultivation, and typically and concentratedly form beautiful landscape of nature in the basin so as to attain the artistic effect of reducing size and small size, at the same time, it uses the landscape to express sense of depth, and is just like three-dimensional beautiful reduced-version landscape. The bonsai is generally divided into two categories of stump bonsai and landscape bonsai, wherein the stump bonsai is mainly made of trees, and the stump bonsai is divided into 5 categories of super-large type, medium type, small type and micro type according to the height of the stump (wherein the cliff type extends according to the length of the branch). The inclined dry type potted landscape is one of the modeling styles of the tree potted landscape, and the tree body of the inclined dry type potted landscape inclines to one side and is generally slightly bent. The branch supports extend left and right, the shadows are oblique, and the wine is elegant, natural and has strong dynamic effect and quite poetic and pictorial meanings.

Pyracantha fortuneana, a evergreen shrub or a small tree of pyracantha of Rosaceae, can be up to 3m in height, and is usually propagated by sowing, cutting and layering. Pyracantha fortuneana is beautiful in tree shape, flowers are in summer, red fruits are in autumn, branches of fruits are kept for a long time, and hedgerow and garden landscaping materials are made in a courtyard. The pyracantha fortuneana is used as a bonsai, is evergreen in all seasons, compact in plant type and luxuriant in branches and leaves, can be used for observing flowers and fruits, and is deeply favored by bonsai lovers.

At present, most of bonsais are cultivated by a seedling to cultivate a pot of bonsai, the trunk diameter of the cultivated and formed bonsai is small, the trunk change is small, the modeling levels of main branches and leaves are poor, although the bonsai can be quickly formed, exquisite and exquisite, legendary small dragon with horns curved and colorful, cang-old and ambitious, fine and natural and harmonious high-quality bonsai is difficult to form, and the commodity value and the ornamental value of the bonsai are naturally influenced.

Patent document CN104920037A discloses a crape myrtle vase artistic modeling cultivation method, which is realized by the steps of vase structure analysis, vase integral design, individual plant decomposition technical map, individual plant cultivation formwork manufacturing and installation, variety selection and seedling breeding, individual plant cultivation grading, vase abutting formwork manufacturing, individual plant cultivation transplanting and abutting, healing growth forming, high-joint head changing and the like. The single-plant drying mold frame is composed of a support frame and a single-plant drying control mold frame, is designed and manufactured according to the shape of a vase and a single-plant technical map, can only be applied to the artistic form of the crape myrtle vase, needs to be manufactured again for other forms, and is low in utilization rate.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a segmented ladder-type cultivation method of a pyracantha oblique-stem miniature bonsai, aiming at solving the problems.

The method is realized by the following technical scheme:

a segmented ladder type cultivation method of a pyracantha oblique-stem miniature bonsai comprises the following steps:

firstly, controlling parameters of the inclined dry type miniature bonsai structure:

overall parameters: the whole height is below 25cm, the width is below 20cm, the included angle between the trunk and the horizontal plane is generally 30-60 degrees, the trunk is gradually reduced upwards, the lateral branches are also gradually reduced, and the crown is a fan-shaped crown, a semicircular crown, an umbrella-shaped crown, a triangular crown or a dead-tip crown.

Second, seedling cultivation

1. Culturing strong and disease and pest free firethorn seedlings with height of 10-20cm in a container by adopting a seeding propagation method or a cutting propagation method.

2. Selecting soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, rich organic matters and good drainage, applying 10000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, ploughing and thinning, harrowing and dividing compartments, wherein the compartment width is 1.5-2.5 meters, the compartment height is 0.5-0.8 meter, and the ditch width is 0.5-1.2 meters.

Thirdly, manufacturing a cultivation mold frame for subsection cultivation

1. Manufacturing a support frame:

the support frame is composed of two equilong galvanized channel steel, the notches of the two channel steel are downward, one end of the two channel steel is fixed, the distance between the other end of the two channel steel is 8-10cm, a certain length is reserved at the separated end of the two channel steel and fixed in soil, the two channel steel are connected by a galvanized steel pipe at a position 5-7cm away from the soil surface, and the included angles between the two channel steel and the horizontal direction are equal and are in an A shape; the vertexes of a certain number of A-shaped frames are distributed on a straight line at intervals of 4-6cm, the channel steels on two sides are arranged in parallel according to the same side, and the vertexes and the channel steels on the same side are connected through galvanized steel pipes.

2. Control forming mould frame for making potted landscape

And (3) forming a base stem to control a die carrier: using three sections of galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm to manufacture a steel bar section with the length of 5-20 cm and two lengths of 2-5 cm, and welding and fixing the steel bar section into a Y shape, wherein the longer steel bar section is the lower end of the Y shape; welding and fixing the lower ends of a certain number of Y-shaped channels on the center line of the upward surface of the channel steel at certain intervals; the lower ends of the "Y" shapes may be equal in length (for straight stems) and unequal (for curved stems).

The dry branch forming control mould frame: using galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm and the length of 5-25 cm longer than the trunk of each level above the backbone of the miniature bonsai to determine a point on the steel bars to divide the steel bars into two sections, and processing and molding one end with the length equal to that of the trunk of each level above the backbone according to the length, the curvature and the direction of the trunk of each level above the backbone designed by the miniature bonsai; and then galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-1.5 cm are used, the length of each galvanized steel bar is equal to that of each primary branch, and the implantation positions, the implantation angles and the branch shapes of the primary branches of all levels of trunks are respectively processed, molded and welded and fixed on corresponding trunks according to a die set according to the design of the miniature bonsai. The other end of the screw rod is processed into a screw rod with the length of 2-5 cm; and punching holes on the straight line on one side of the upward surface of the channel steel close to the central line according to the diameter slightly larger than that of the steel bar, and screwing and fixing the corresponding idle nuts at one end with the screw rods under the inflection point of each base stem.

3. Manufacturing a high-pressure support frame:

two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm and the length of 30-50 cm are bent into a right-angled L shape at the midpoint, the L shapes are respectively welded and fixed on the vertical surfaces of the channel steel at two sides which are 5-15 cm lower than the root neck point of the base stem, the section which is higher is horizontal, then two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm and galvanized steel bar sections with the length of 10-20 cm are welded and fixed in parallel at the positions 1/4-1/3 and 2/3-4/5 of the two opposite horizontal sections, and after forming, the high-pressure support frame and the channel steel form a ladder shape.

4. Seedling planting

Planting the pyracantha fortuneana seedlings in soil below the lowest end of the mold frame, placing the seedlings in the planting pits in an inclined mode, enabling the main stems of the seedlings to be parallel to and close to the basal stem growing mold frames in the direction, covering soil for fixing, and planting one seedling on each basal stem growing mold frame.

5. Nursery stock management

Watering the seedlings for 2-3 times after field planting to ensure the survival of the seedlings and the growth of root systems, and covering soil again and fixing the inclined seedlings.

Fourth, cultivation of main branch seedlings

1. Segmenting the nursery stock for growing the trunk:

the trunk cultivation seedling can grow to reach the height of the whole trunk cultivation mold frame, the trunk is sequentially divided into a first trunk section, a second trunk section and an … nth section from bottom to top, an appropriate position is selected for cultivating the base stem of each pot of miniature bonsai according to design of each trunk section, and the miniature bonsai is cultivated into a pot of miniature bonsais through a continuous cultivation process.

2. Selection and cultivation of basal stem section

When the growth of the first trunk section is finished at the growth height of the seedling trunk, the lateral branch growing at the front side in the trunk section is determined as a first-stage trunk section cultivation branch, the incidence point of the lateral branch is slightly a first inflection point, and the root neck point is determined according to the length of the basal trunk.

When the growth height of the main trunk of the seedling is finished by the growth of the second and third … n main trunk sections, the lateral branch growing in the front of the main trunk section is determined as a first-stage trunk section cultivating branch, and the implantation point of the lateral branch is slightly a first inflection point.

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections on each trunk section for growth, performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk sections when the length of the lateral branches reaches 5-10 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth advantage center of the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections, so as to achieve rapid height increase and thickening.

3. First-level stem selection and cultivation

And (3) cultivating the primary trunk by utilizing the lateral branches selected and remained on each basal trunk, and determining the lateral branch growing on one side in the trunk section as a primary trunk section cultivating branch according to the length of the primary trunk and the extending direction of the secondary trunk when the growth of the primary trunk section is finished at the growth height of the primary trunk section, wherein the implantation point of the lateral branch is a second inflection point slightly.

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches of the second-stage trunk section on each other first-stage trunk section for growing, performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk section when the length reaches 5-10 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth advantage center of the lateral branches of the first-stage trunk section, so as to achieve rapid height increase and thickening.

4. And selecting and cultivating the second-level … fifth-level stem segments according to the selection and cultivation mode of the first-level stem segments.

5. Cultivation of first-class branches

And selecting a lateral branch to cultivate the first primary branch according to the implantation position and the extending direction of the first primary branch under the implantation point of the second-level trunk on the selected first-level trunk section. Correspondingly, on the selected other primary trunk sections and under the secondary trunk implantation points, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches according to the designed implantation positions and the extending directions of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

6. Second grade branch cultivation

On the selected first-level branches, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second-level lateral branch of the first-level branch according to the secondary position, the extending direction and the number of the first-level branches. Correspondingly, on the other selected primary trunk sections, the secondary lateral branches of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches are selected and cultivated according to the designed secondary positions, extending directions and number of the secondary positions on the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

7. And (4) cultivating the third-level branches and the fourth-level branches according to the cultivation method of the first-level branches and the second-level branches.

8. High-pressure root-raising by sections

Girdling at the starting point of each section of basal trunk on each trunk in the vigorous growth period of the pyracantha fortuneana for 5-7 months, transversely cutting a circle along the trunks by using a quick cutter until the depth reaches the xylem, transversely cutting the circle downwards or upwards again by 0.5-1.5cm in width until the depth reaches the xylem, longitudinally cutting a knife between two transverse cuts, removing the cortex to scrape the cambium of the branch, coating a rooting powder solution on the surface of the cambium of the branch, standing for 5-10min, coating the rooting powder solution again, coating a mixture of moss and a soaked water-retaining agent with 100 times of chlorothalonil clear solution with the humidity of 70-90 percent on the surface of the girdling opening of the main trunk of the pyracantha fortuneana, wrapping the mixture by using a rope, fastening the plastic bag, wrapping black cloth on the outer side of the maintenance plastic bag after shading, and completely spraying the pyracantha fortuneana plants of the plastic bag, 0.3% -0.5% urea solution and 0.2% -0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution are sprayed for 2-3 times during rooting period to supplement nutrition for tree body.

9. Root pressing sleeve basin

Selecting an anti-aging plastic basin with a basin bottom and a basin mouth with the diameter of 10-30cm and the height of 10-20cm, cutting the anti-aging plastic basin along the same straight line passing through the central point of the basin bottom and the basin mouth by a saw, and dividing the anti-aging plastic basin into two parts to obtain a set basin; then, the bark, the wood chips and the mushroom slag are piled, retted and decomposed, crushed and sieved, and 10-30% of sterilized slag is added to prepare a high-pressure root-growing matrix; and (3) sequentially tearing off plastic bags and moss of the girdling pyracantha plants at 30-60 days, sleeving root systems of root neck points of the basal stems on a supporting ladder frame by using high-pressure sleeve pots, and filling the prepared substrates to pot openings. And then carrying out daily management and maintenance such as watering, fertilizing, pest control and the like. Wherein the fertilizer is applied according to the principle of more applications in spring and summer, less applications in autumn and no applications in winter, and the fertilizer is applied after being diluted by 500 times of 100 plus materials by 0.5 to 1 percent of compound fertilizer in fermented and decomposed cake fertilizer water.

Fifthly, cultivating the root of common claw

Firstly, heaping up soil around the root in a high-pressure basin, and digging out surface soil layer by layer from top to bottom every half year until the root higher than the basin surface is completely exposed.

Sixthly, cutting and separately culturing

1. Cutting and separating

After the cultivation of the branch pieces and the top forming of the miniature pyracantha fortuneana bonsai grown on each section of a single plant are finished, a trunk at the bottom of each pot is tightly attached to the pot mouth by a small saw and a sharp shear, and the auxiliary branches of each primary trunk section branch the trunk above the rooting part along the primary side by the small saw and the sharp shear, so that each pot of miniature pyracantha fortuneana bonsai is separated from the cultivated tree body.

2. Scar on incision closure

Cutting flat: and cutting the cut of the trunk at the bottom of the pot and the cuts above the rooting part of each primary trunk along the primary side branches by a sharp knife.

Rotary cutting: and cutting each primary dry cut which is flat by using a miniature spiral cutter according to the conditions that the edge is shallow and the center is deep, so that the cut presents an uneven cut which sinks inwards.

And (3) incision cleaning: and cleaning the fine slag scraps in the cut opening by using 100-200 times of chlorothalonil liquid.

Incision protection: after the wound is treated, the plant wound healing agent is used for coating all incisions, and then the incisions and the trunk are tightly bound together by using a plastic film, so that the water evaporation is reduced, the rainwater erosion and the rot are prevented, and the wound healing is facilitated.

Seventhly, forming and maintaining

The miniature bonsai maintenance bed is manufactured in the greenhouse by using galvanized steel pipes, angle steel and steel wire meshes, the height is 80-120 cm, the width is 120 plus 150 cm, and the length field of view is determined, the miniature firethorn bonsai cut from the cultivation ladder frame and processed with the cut is placed on the maintenance bed, and then daily fertilizer and water management and trimming are carried out.

Further, the pyracantha plants include but are not limited to pyracantha angustifolia and pyracantha crenulata.

In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the cultivation of the pyracantha fortuneana miniature bonsai is carried out by combining a stem cultivation method, a step-by-step directional branch cultivation method and the like through a stem cultivation mold frame consisting of an A-type support frame, a bonsai control molding mold frame and a high-pressure support frame, so that one pyracantha fortuneana seedling can be cultivated to obtain a multi-pot miniature bonsai, three-dimensional cultivation is realized, the utilization rate and the land utilization rate of the pyracantha fortuneana seedling are improved, the cultivated pyracantha miniature bonsai is exquisite and exquisite, legendary small dragon with horns is multi-pose and is natural and coordinated, and large-scale and standardized production can be realized.

The method comprises the steps of cultivating a base trunk by utilizing a section of trunk of the pyracantha fortuneana, cultivating corresponding first-level branches on the base trunk by utilizing first-level, second-level, third-level, fourth-level and fifth-level lateral branches, and cultivating corresponding first-level branches by utilizing the lateral branches on the base trunk, the first-level branches, the second-level, third-level, fourth-level and fifth-level main branches, so that the defects that the miniature bonsai trunk and the first-level branches cultivated by the background technology are small in change, exquisite and difficult to form, legendary small dragon with horns is rich in bent and smooth in appearance, and the miniature bonsai is exquisite and can be manufactured into fine and naturally coordinated high-quality bonsais are overcome, the miniature bonsai trunk is large in size and large in change, and is naturally smooth, although the miniature tree has a large tree posture, and the ornamental value and commodity value of the miniature bonsai are improved. The main branches of all levels, the primary branches of all levels and other lateral branches of all levels are all completed under continuous growth, and all the culture targets are controlled as dominant growth centers in the culture process, so that the growth speed is high, the integral forming is fast, the culture period is short, and the fast forming can be realized. Meanwhile, with the aid of a cultivation die set, a pyracantha seedling can be used for cultivating multi-pot miniature pyracantha bonsai in a segmented manner on an A-shaped ladder type controlled cultivation die set, after a cultivation period is completed, a trunk under the cut and separated miniature pyracantha bonsai can be used as seedlings for continuous cultivation, the growth is faster than that of small seedlings, the technical defect that one pot is cultivated in a traditional cultivation method is overcome, the utilization rate of the seedlings is improved, three-dimensional cultivation is realized, and the land utilization rate is improved. According to the design parameters of the whole and all the components, under the comprehensive control of the drying mould frame and various technical measures, the firethorn miniature bonsai with the same shape and uniform specification can be cultivated, the defects that the shape difference of the miniature bonsai cultivated in the background technology is increased and the specification is difficult to be uniform are overcome, and the large-scale and standardized production can be realized.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of an inclined dry type palm miniature bonsai, wherein 1-root neck point, 2-first inflection point, 3-first-level branch growing point, 4-second first-level branch, 5-third first-level branch growing point, 6-fourth first-level branch, 7-fifth first-level branch growing point, 8-top branch, 9-first-level branch, 10-second first-level branch growing point, 11-third first-level branch, 12-fourth first-level branch growing point, 13-fifth first-level branch and 14-root system.

Fig. 2 is a diagram of a cultivation process of a pyracantha fortuneana miniature bonsai, wherein 15-support frame channel steel, 16-support frame connecting rods, 17-cultivation boxes, 18-pyracantha fortuneana seedlings, 19-high-pressure support frames, 20-root pressing sleeve pots, 21-a bonsai forming control mold frame, 22-bonsai base stem supporting rods, 23-support frame channel steel connecting fixing rods and 24-bonsai forming control mold frame fixing holes.

Fig. 3 and 4 are diagrams of the effect of the miniature bonsai finished product.

Detailed Description

The following description will explain the embodiments of the present invention in further detail, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are still within the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.

Example 1

A segmented ladder type cultivation method for a pyracantha oblique-dry type miniature bonsai comprises the following steps:

One-inclined-dry type miniature bonsai structure control parameter

The overall parameters are as follows: the whole height is below 25cm, the width is below 20cm, the included angle between the trunk and the horizontal plane is 45 degrees, the trunk is gradually reduced upwards, the lateral branches are also gradually reduced, and the tree crown is a sector crown.

Second, seedling cultivation

1. And cultivating the pyracantha fortuneana seedlings which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests and have the height of 15cm in a container by adopting a sowing propagation method or a cutting propagation method.

2. Selecting soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, rich organic matters and good drainage, applying 6000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, ploughing and leveling, raking and dividing compartments, wherein the width of each compartment is 2.0 meters, the height of each compartment is 0.7 meter, and the width of each ditch is 0.9 meter.

Thirdly, manufacturing a cultivation mold frame for subsection cultivation

1. Manufacturing a support frame:

the support frame is composed of two equilong galvanized steel channels 15, notches of the two steel channels are downward, one end of each steel channel is fixed, the other end of each steel channel is separated at a certain interval, a certain length of the separated end is reserved and fixed in soil, the two steel channels are connected through galvanized steel pipes, and included angles between the two steel channels and the horizontal direction are equal and are in an A shape; the vertexes of a certain number of the A-shaped frames are distributed on a straight line according to a certain interval, the channel steels on two sides are arranged in parallel according to the same side, and the vertexes and the channel steels on the same side are connected through galvanized steel pipes.

2. Control forming die carrier 21 for making potted landscape

And (3) forming a base stem to control a die carrier: manufacturing a steel bar section with the length of 12 centimeters and two steel bar sections with the length of 3 centimeters by using three sections of galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.7 centimeters, and welding and fixing the steel bar sections into a Y shape, wherein the longer steel bar section is the lower end of the Y shape; welding and fixing a certain number of Y-shaped lower ends on a central line of the upward surface of the channel steel according to a certain distance; the lower ends of the "Y" shapes may be equal in length (for straight stems) and unequal (for curved stems).

The dry branch forming control mould frame: using galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.7 cm and the length of 17 cm larger than that of each level of trunks above the backbone of the miniature bonsai to determine a point on the steel bars to divide the steel bars into two sections, so that one end with the length equal to that of each level of trunks above the backbone is processed and formed according to the length, the curvature and the direction of each level of trunks above the backbone designed by the miniature bonsai; and then galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.0 cm are used, the length of each galvanized steel bar is equal to that of each primary branch, and the galvanized steel bars are respectively processed, molded and welded and fixed on the corresponding main trunk according to a die set according to the implantation position, the implantation angle and the branch shape of the primary branch of each level of the main trunk designed according to the miniature bonsai. The other end of the screw rod is processed into a screw rod with the length of 3 cm; and punching holes on the straight line on one side of the upward surface of the channel steel close to the central line according to the diameter slightly larger than that of the steel bar, and screwing and fixing the corresponding idle nuts at one end with the screw rods under the inflection point of each base stem.

3. Manufacturing a high-pressure support frame 19:

two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.7 cm and the length of 40 cm are bent into a right-angled L shape at the middle point, the L shapes are respectively welded and fixed on the vertical surfaces of channel steel at two sides 5-15 cm lower than the root neck point of the base stem, the section higher than the root neck point is horizontal, then two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.7 cm and the galvanized steel bar section with the length of 15 cm are welded and fixed in parallel at 1/3 and 2/3 positions relative to the horizontal section, and after forming, the high-pressure support frame and the channel steel form a ladder shape.

4. Seedling planting

Planting pyracantha fortuneana seedlings in soil below the lowest end of a mold frame, obliquely placing the seedlings in planting pits, enabling main stems of the seedlings to be parallel to and close to a basal stem growing mold frame in the direction, covering soil for fixing, and planting one seedling in each basal stem growing mold frame. And watering the seedlings after field planting for 2 times to fix roots, ensuring the survival of the seedlings and the growth of root systems, and covering soil again and fixing the inclined seedlings.

Fourth, the cultivation of the main branch seedling

1. Segmenting the nursery stock:

the trunk cultivation seedling can grow to reach the height of the whole trunk cultivation mold frame, the trunk is sequentially divided into a first trunk section, a second trunk section and an nth section … from bottom to top, each trunk section selects an appropriate position according to design to cultivate the base stem of each pot of miniature bonsai, and the miniature bonsai is cultivated into a pot of miniature bonsai through a continuous cultivation process.

2. Selection and cultivation of basal stem section

When the growth of the first trunk section is finished at the growth height of the seedling trunk, the lateral branch growing at the front side in the trunk section is determined as a first-stage trunk section cultivating branch, the incidence point of the lateral branch is slightly a first inflection point 2, and the root neck point 1 is determined according to the length of the basal trunk.

When the growth of the second and third … n trunk sections is completed at the growth height of the seedling trunk, the lateral branch growing at the front in the trunk section is determined as a first-stage trunk section cultivating branch, and the implantation point of the lateral branch is slightly a first inflection point.

And selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the first-level trunk section on each trunk section for growing, and performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk section when the length reaches 7 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth advantage center of the lateral branches for cultivating the first-level trunk section, so as to achieve rapid height increase and thickening.

3. First-level stem selection and cultivation

And (3) cultivating the primary trunk by utilizing the lateral branches selected and remained on each basal trunk, and determining the lateral branch growing on one side in the trunk section as a primary trunk section cultivating branch 9 according to the length of the primary trunk and the extending direction of the secondary trunk when the growth height of the primary trunk section is finished, wherein the growing point of the lateral branch is a second inflection point slightly.

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches of the second-stage trunk section on each other first-stage trunk section for growing, performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk section when the length reaches 7 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth advantage center of the lateral branches of the first-stage trunk section, so as to achieve rapid height increase and thickening.

5. Cultivation of first-class branches

And selecting a lateral branch to cultivate a first primary branch according to the implantation position and the extending direction of the first primary branch under the implantation point 10 of the secondary trunk on the selected primary trunk section. Correspondingly, on the selected other primary trunk sections and under the secondary trunk implantation points, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches according to the designed implantation positions and the extending directions of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

6. Second grade branch cultivation

On the selected first-level branches, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second-level lateral branch of the first-level branch according to the secondary position, the extending direction and the number of the first-level branches. Correspondingly, on the other selected primary trunk sections, the secondary lateral branches of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches are selected and cultivated according to the designed secondary implantation positions, extending directions and number on the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

8. High-pressure rooting by stages

Girdling at the starting point of each section of basal trunk on each trunk in 6 months of the vigorous growth period of the pyracantha fortuneana, transversely cutting a circle along the trunks by using a quick cutter until the depth reaches the xylem, transversely cutting the trunk by one circle downwards or upwards again according to the width of 1.0cm, similarly reaching the xylem deeply, longitudinally cutting a circle between two transverse cuts, removing the cortex to scrape the cambium of the branch, coating rooting powder solution on the surface of the cambium of the branch, standing for 7min, coating the rooting powder solution again, coating a mixture of moss and a soaked water-retaining agent with the humidity of 80 percent and 100 times of chlorothalonil clear solution for 2h on the surface of the girdling opening of the main trunk of the pyracantha fortuneana, wrapping the mixture by using a plastic bag with the upper part and the lower part exceeding 7 cm, tightly binding the bag by using a rope, coating black shading cloth on the outer side of the rope after finishing, spraying the plant of the girdling with full light, and spraying 0.4 percent of urea solution and 0.3 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 2 times during the rooting period, to supplement the nutrition of the tree.

9. Root-pressing sleeve basin 20

Selecting an anti-aging plastic basin with a basin bottom opening diameter of 20cm and a height of 15cm, cutting the anti-aging plastic basin along the same straight line passing through the center point of the basin bottom opening by a saw, and dividing the anti-aging plastic basin into two parts to obtain a set basin; then, the barks, the wood chips and the mushroom residues are piled up, retted and decomposed, crushed and sieved, and 20 percent of sterilized furnace slag is added to prepare a high-pressure root-growing substrate; and (4) sequentially tearing off plastic bags and moss of the ring-peeled pyracantha fortuneana plants on the 45 th day, sleeving the root systems of the basal stem root necks by using high-pressure sleeve pots on the support ladder frame, and filling the prepared substrates to the pot openings. And then carrying out daily management and maintenance such as watering, fertilization, pest control and the like. Wherein the fertilizer is applied according to the principle of more spring and summer, less autumn and no winter, and is applied after being diluted by 500 times of 100-fold organic fertilizer with 0.7 percent of compound fertilizer by fermented decomposed cake fertilizer water.

Fifthly, cultivating the root of Luzhua

Sixthly, cutting and separately culturing

1. Cutting and separating

2. Scar on incision closure

Cutting flatly: the incision of the trunk at the bottom of the pot and the incisions of the first-level trunks along the first-level side branches above the rooting parts are cut flat by a sharp knife.

Rotary cutting: and cutting the cut which is cut flat on each primary stem by using a miniature spiral cutter according to the conditions that the edge is shallow and the center is deep, so that the cut presents an uneven cut which sinks inwards.

Cleaning the cut: and cleaning fine slag scraps in the cut notch by using 150 times of chlorothalonil.

Seventhly, forming and maintaining

The miniature bonsai maintenance bed is manufactured in a greenhouse by using galvanized steel pipes, angle steel and a steel wire mesh, the height is 100 cm, the width is 135 cm, the length field of view is determined, the miniature firethorn bonsai cut from a cultivation ladder frame and processed with a cut is placed on the maintenance bed, and then daily fertilizer and water management and trimming are carried out.

Further, the fertilizer applied during the cultivation period is obtained by immersing the rapeseed cakes in water and fermenting for 40 days, and mixing the rapeseed cakes with 100kg of cake fertilizer water, 200kg of water and 4kg of 15-15-15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 100 times of leachate. The fertilization time is once in half a month.

Further, the pest control solution used in the cultivation period is prepared by spraying 1000 times of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 800 times of 50% thiophanate methyl wettable powder and 1000 times of 50% Lait wettable powder once every half month, and continuously spraying the solution in the whole cultivation period for pest control.

Further, the pyracantha plant is pyracantha angustifolia.

Example 2

overall parameters: the whole height is below 25cm, the width is below 20cm, the included angle between the trunk and the horizontal plane is 60 degrees, the trunk is gradually reduced upwards, the lateral branches are also gradually reduced, and the tree crown is a semicircular crown.

Second, seedling cultivation

1. And (3) cultivating the pyracantha fortuneana seedlings which are robust in growth, free of diseases and insect pests and 20cm in height in a container by adopting a sowing propagation method or a cutting propagation method.

2. Selecting soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, rich organic matters and good drainage, applying 10000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, ploughing and thinning, raking and dividing compartments, wherein the width of each compartment is 2.5 meters, the height of each compartment is 0.8 meter, and the width of each ditch is 1.2 meters.

Thirdly, manufacturing a cultivation mold frame for subsection cultivation

1. Manufacturing a support frame:

the support frame is composed of two galvanized steel channels with equal length, notches of the two steel channels are downward, one end of each steel channel is fixed, the other end of each steel channel is separated at a certain interval, a certain length of the separated end of each steel channel is fixed in soil, the two steel channels are connected through a galvanized steel pipe, and included angles between the two steel channels and the horizontal direction are equal and are in an A shape; the vertexes of a certain number of the A-shaped frames are distributed on a straight line according to a certain interval, channel steels on two sides are arranged in parallel according to the same side, and the vertexes and the channel steels on the same side are connected through galvanized steel pipes.

2. Control forming mould frame for making potted landscape

And (3) forming a base stem to control a die carrier: manufacturing a steel bar section with the length of 20 centimeters and two steel bar sections with the length of 5 centimeters by using three sections of galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 2.5 centimeters, and welding and fixing the steel bar sections into a Y shape, wherein the longer steel bar section is the lower end of the Y shape; welding and fixing the lower ends of a certain number of Y-shaped channels on the center line of the upward surface of the channel steel at certain intervals; the lower ends of the "Y" shapes may be equal in length (for straight stems) and unequal (for curved stems).

The dry branch forming control mould frame: using galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 2.5 cm and the length of 25 cm larger than that of each level of trunks above the backbone of the miniature bonsai to determine a point on the steel bars to divide the steel bars into two sections, so that one end with the length equal to that of each level of trunks above the backbone is processed and formed according to the length, the curvature and the direction of each level of trunks above the backbone designed by the miniature bonsai; and then galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 1.5 cm are used, the length of each galvanized steel bar is equal to that of each primary branch, and the galvanized steel bars are respectively processed, molded and welded and fixed on the corresponding main trunk according to a die set according to the implantation position, the implantation angle and the branch shape of the primary branch of each level of the main trunk designed according to the miniature bonsai. The other end of the screw rod is processed into a screw rod with the length of 5 cm; and punching holes on the straight line on one side of the upward surface of the channel steel close to the central line according to the diameter slightly larger than that of the steel bar, and screwing and fixing the corresponding idle nuts at one end with the screw rods under the inflection point of each base stem.

3. Manufacturing a high-pressure support frame:

two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 2.5 cm and the length of 50 cm are bent into a right-angled L shape at the middle point, the L shapes are respectively welded and fixed on the vertical surfaces of the channel steel at two sides 15 cm lower than the root neck point of the foundation stem, the channel steel is horizontally arranged at the higher section, then the two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 2.5 cm and the galvanized steel bar section with the length of 20 cm are welded and fixed in parallel at 1/3 and 4/5 positions of the two opposite horizontal sections, and after the forming, the high-pressure support frame and the channel steel form a step shape.

4. Seedling planting

Planting the pyracantha fortuneana seedlings in soil below the lowest end of the mold frame, placing the seedlings in the planting pits in an inclined mode, enabling the main stems of the seedlings to be parallel to and close to the basal stem growing mold frames in the direction, covering soil for fixing, and planting one seedling on each basal stem growing mold frame. After field planting, 3 times of rooting water is poured to ensure the survival of the seedlings and the growth of root systems, and the oblique seedlings are covered with soil again for fixation.

Fourth, cultivation of main branch seedlings

1. Segmenting the nursery stock for growing the trunk:

2. Selection and cultivation of basal stem section

When the growth height of the main trunk of the seedling finishes the growth of the first main trunk section, the lateral branch growing in the front of the main trunk section is determined as a first-stage trunk section cultivation branch, the incidence point of the lateral branch is slightly a first inflection point, and the root neck point is determined according to the length of the basal trunk.

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections on each trunk section for growth, performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk sections when the length of the lateral branches reaches 10 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth dominance center of the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections, thereby achieving quick height increase and thickening.

3. First-level stem selection and cultivation

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the secondary trunk sections on other primary trunk sections for growth, pinching the top buds of the other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk sections when the length of the other lateral branches reaches 10 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth dominance center of the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections, thereby achieving quick height increase and thickening.

5. Cultivation of first-class branches

And selecting a lateral branch to cultivate the first primary branch according to the implantation position and the extending direction of the first primary branch under the implantation point of the second-level trunk on the selected primary trunk section. Correspondingly, under the implantation points of the secondary trunk on other selected primary trunk sections, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches according to the implantation positions and the extending directions of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

6. Second level branch cultivation

And selecting one lateral branch to cultivate the second-level lateral branch of the first-level branch on the selected first-level branch according to the secondary implantation position, the extending direction and the number on the first-level branch. Correspondingly, on the other selected primary trunk sections, the secondary lateral branches of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches are selected and cultivated according to the designed secondary implantation positions, extending directions and number on the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

8. High-pressure root-raising by sections

Girdling at the starting point of each section of basal trunk on each trunk in the 7-month vigorous growth period of the pyracantha fortunei, transversely cutting a circle along the trunks by using a quick cutter until the depth reaches the xylem, transversely cutting the trunk by one circle downwards or upwards again until the width reaches the xylem by 1.5cm, longitudinally cutting a circle between two transverse cuts, removing the cortex to scrape the cambium of the branch, coating rooting powder solution on the surface of the cambium of the branch, standing for 10min, coating the rooting powder solution again, coating a mixture of moss and a soaked water-retaining agent with the humidity of 90 percent and 100 times of chlorothalonil clear solution for 2h on the surface of the girdling opening of the pyracantha fortunei trunk, wrapping the moss and the soaked water-retaining agent by the mixture with the humidity of 90 percent, wrapping the moss and the mixture by using a plastic bag with the upper part and the lower part exceeding 10 cm, tightly binding the moss by using a rope, wrapping the black shading cloth on the outer side of the pyracantha fortunei plants after finishing, spraying the total light of the pyracantha fortunei and spraying a plastic bag of 0.5 percent and 0.4 percent of monopotassium phosphate solution for 3 times during the rooting period, to supplement the nutrition of the tree.

9. Root pressing sleeve basin

Selecting an anti-aging plastic basin with a basin bottom opening diameter of 30cm and a height of 20cm, cutting the anti-aging plastic basin along the same straight line passing through the center point of the basin bottom opening by a saw, and dividing the anti-aging plastic basin into two parts to obtain a set basin; then, the barks, the wood chips and the mushroom residues are piled up, retted and decomposed, crushed and sieved, and 30 percent of sterilized furnace slag is added to prepare a high-pressure root-growing substrate; and (3) sequentially tearing off plastic bags and moss of the ring-peeled pyracantha fortuneana plants at the day 60, sleeving the root systems of the basal stem root necks on the support ladder frame by using a high-pressure sleeve pot, and filling the prepared substrates to the pot openings. And then carrying out daily management and maintenance such as watering, fertilization, pest control and the like. Wherein the fertilizer is applied according to the principle of more spring and summer, less autumn and no winter, and is applied after being diluted by 500 times of 100 plus materials by adding 1 percent compound fertilizer into fermented and decomposed cake fertilizer water.

Fifthly, cultivating the root of Luzhua

Sixthly, cutting and separately culturing

1. Cutting and separating

2. Scar on incision closure

Cleaning the cut: and cleaning fine slag scraps in the cut notch by using 200 times of chlorothalonil.

Protecting the cut: after the wound is treated, the plant wound healing agent is used for coating all incisions, and then the incisions and the trunk are tightly bound together by using a plastic film, so that the water evaporation is reduced, the rainwater erosion and the rot are prevented, and the wound healing is facilitated.

Seventhly, forming and maintaining

The miniature bonsai maintenance bed is manufactured in a greenhouse by using galvanized steel pipes, angle steel and a steel wire mesh, the height, the width and the length of a field of view are determined, the miniature firethorn bonsai cut from a cultivation ladder frame and processed with a cut is placed on the maintenance bed, and then daily fertilizer and water management and trimming are carried out.

Further, the fertilizer applied during the cultivation period is obtained by immersing peanut cakes in water for fermentation for 50 days and mixing the peanut cakes with 100kg of cake fertilizer water, 200kg of water and 5kg of 15-15-15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 100 times of leachate. The fertilization time is once in half a month.

Further, the pest control liquid used in the cultivation period is diluted 1500 times by 50% of zinc sulfur phosphate emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times by 25% of pymetrozine fog, 5500 times by 10% of cypermethrin emulsifiable concentrate for spraying, and is continuously sprayed once every half month in the whole cultivation period for pest control.

The pyracantha plant is fine round teeth pyracantha.

Example 3

firstly, inclined dry type miniature bonsai structure control parameters:

the overall parameters are as follows: the whole height is below 25cm, the width is below 20cm, the included angle between the trunk and the horizontal plane is 30 degrees, the trunk is gradually reduced upwards, the lateral branches are also gradually reduced, and the tree crown is a triangular crown.

Second, seedling cultivation

1. The pyracantha fortuneana seedlings which grow robustly and have no plant diseases and insect pests and the height of 10cm are cultivated in a container by adopting a sowing propagation method or a cutting propagation method.

2. Selecting soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, rich organic matters and good drainage, applying 2000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer to each mu of soil, ploughing and leveling, raking and dividing compartments, wherein the width of each compartment is 1.5 meters, the height of each compartment is 0.5 meter, and the width of each ditch is 0.5 meter.

Thirdly, manufacturing a cultivation mold frame for subsection cultivation

1. Manufacturing a support frame:

2. Control forming mould frame for making potted landscape

And (3) forming a base stem to control a die carrier: manufacturing a steel bar section with the length of 5 centimeters and two steel bar sections with the length of 2 centimeters by using three sections of galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5 centimeter, and welding and fixing the steel bar sections into a Y shape, wherein the longer steel bar section is the lower end of the Y shape; welding and fixing a certain number of Y-shaped lower ends on a central line of the upward surface of the channel steel according to a certain distance; the lower ends of the "Y" shapes may be equal in length (for straight stems) or unequal in length (for curved stems).

The dry branch forming control mould frame: using galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5 cm and the length of 5 cm larger than that of each level of trunks above the backbone of the miniature bonsai to determine a point on the steel bars to divide the steel bars into two sections, so that one end with the length equal to that of each level of trunks above the backbone is processed and formed according to the length, the curvature and the direction of each level of trunks above the backbone designed by the miniature bonsai; and then zinc-plated steel bars with the diameter of 0.5 cm are used, the lengths of the zinc-plated steel bars are equal to the lengths of the first-level branches, and the zinc-plated steel bars are respectively processed, molded and welded and fixed on the corresponding main trunk according to a die set according to the implantation position, the implantation angle and the branch shape of the first-level branches of each-level trunk designed according to the miniature bonsai. The other end of the screw rod is processed into a screw rod with the length of 2 cm; and punching holes on the straight line on one side of the upward surface of the channel steel close to the central line according to the diameter slightly larger than that of the steel bar, and screwing and fixing the corresponding idle nuts at one end with the screw rods under the inflection point of each base stem.

3. Manufacturing a high-pressure support frame:

two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5 cm and the length of 30 cm are bent into a right-angled L shape at the midpoint, the L shapes are respectively welded and fixed on the vertical surfaces of the channel steel at two sides which are 5-15 cm lower than the root neck point of the foundation stem, the section which is higher is horizontal, then the two galvanized steel bars with the diameter of 0.5-2.5 cm and the section which is 10 cm long are welded and fixed in parallel at the 1/4 and 2/3 positions of the two sections which are opposite to the horizontal section, and after the forming, the high-pressure support frame and the channel steel form a ladder shape.

4. Seedling planting

Planting the pyracantha fortuneana seedlings in soil below the lowest end of the mold frame, placing the seedlings in the planting pits in an inclined mode, enabling the main stems of the seedlings to be parallel to and close to the basal stem growing mold frames in the direction, covering soil for fixing, and planting one seedling on each basal stem growing mold frame. And (3) watering the seedlings for 2 times after field planting to ensure the survival of the seedlings and the growth of root systems, and covering soil again and fixing the deflected seedlings.

Fourth, cultivation of main branch seedlings

1. Segmenting the nursery stock:

2. Selection and cultivation of basal stem section

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections on each trunk section for growth, performing apical bud pinching on other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk sections when the length of the lateral branches reaches 5 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth dominance center of the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections, thereby achieving quick height increase and thickening.

3. First-level stem selection and cultivation

And (3) cultivating a primary trunk by utilizing the lateral branches selected and remained on each basic trunk, and determining the lateral branches growing on one side in the trunk section as primary trunk section cultivated branches according to the length of the primary trunk and the extending direction of the secondary trunk when the growth height of the primary trunk section is finished, wherein the growing points of the lateral branches are slightly a second inflection point.

And (3) selecting and reserving the lateral branches for cultivating the secondary trunk sections on other primary trunk sections for growth, pinching the top buds of the other lateral branches on the corresponding trunk sections when the length of the other lateral branches reaches 5 cm, and controlling the growth of the lateral branches to ensure the growth dominance center of the lateral branches for cultivating the primary trunk sections, thereby achieving quick height increase and thickening.

5. Cultivation of first-class branches

And selecting a lateral branch to cultivate the first primary branch according to the implantation position and the extending direction of the first primary branch under the implantation point of the second-level trunk on the selected first-level trunk section. Correspondingly, under the implantation points of the secondary trunk on other selected primary trunk sections, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches according to the implantation positions and the extending directions of the second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches.

6. Second level branch cultivation

8. High-pressure root-raising by sections

Girdling at the starting point of each section of basal trunk on each trunk in the 5-month vigorous growth period of the pyracantha fortunei, transversely cutting a circle along the trunks by using a quick cutter until the depth reaches the xylem, transversely cutting the trunk by a circle downwards or upwards again until the width reaches the xylem by 0.5cm, longitudinally cutting the position between two transverse cuts by one time, removing the cortex to scrape the cambium of the branch, coating rooting powder solution on the surface of the cambium of the branch, standing for 5min, coating the rooting powder solution again, coating a mixture of moss and a soaked water-retaining agent with the humidity of 70 percent and 100 times of chlorothalonil clear solution for 1 hour on the surface of the girdling opening of the pyracantha fortunei trunk, wrapping the moss and the soaked water-retaining agent by using a plastic bag with the upper part and the lower part exceeding 5cm, wrapping the moss by using a rope, wrapping the black shading cloth on the outer side of the rope after finishing, spraying the plant with full light to the pyracantha fortunei which is girdled, and spraying a plastic bag of 0.3 percent of urea solution and 0.2 percent of potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution for 2 times during the rooting period, to supplement the nutrition of the tree.

9. Root pressing sleeve basin

Selecting an anti-aging plastic basin with a basin bottom and a basin mouth with the diameter of 10cm and the height of 10cm, cutting the anti-aging plastic basin along the same straight line passing through the central point of the basin bottom and the basin mouth by a saw, and dividing the anti-aging plastic basin into two parts to obtain a set basin; then, the barks, the wood chips and the mushroom residues are piled up, retted and decomposed, crushed and sieved, and 10 percent of sterilized furnace slag is added to prepare a high-pressure root-growing substrate; and (3) sequentially tearing off plastic bags and moss of the ring-peeled pyracantha fortuneana plants at the 30 th day, sleeving the root systems of the basal stem root necks by using high-pressure sleeve pots on the supporting ladder frame, and filling the prepared substrates to the pot openings. And then carrying out daily management and maintenance such as watering, fertilization, pest control and the like. Wherein the fertilizer is applied according to the principle of more spring and summer, less autumn and no winter, and is applied after being diluted by 100 times by 0.5 percent of compound fertilizer with fermented and decomposed cake fertilizer water.

Fifthly, cultivating the root of Luzhua

Sixthly, cutting and separately culturing

1. Cutting and separating

2. Scar on incision closure

Cutting flatly: and cutting the cut of the trunk at the bottom of the pot and the cuts above the rooting part of each primary trunk along the primary side branches by a sharp knife.

And (3) incision cleaning: and cleaning the fine slag scraps in the cut notch by using 100 times of the chlorothalonil.

Seventhly, forming and maintaining

The miniature bonsai maintenance bed is manufactured in a greenhouse by using galvanized steel pipes, angle steel and a steel wire mesh, the height is 80 cm, the width is 120 cm, and the length is determined according to the field, the miniature firethorn bonsai cut from a cultivation ladder frame and processed with a cut is placed on the maintenance bed, and then daily fertilizer and water management and trimming are carried out.

Further, the fertilizer applied during the cultivation period is obtained by immersing soybean meal in water and fermenting for 30 days, and mixing according to the proportion of 100 times of leachate of 100kg of cake fertilizer water, 200kg of water and 3kg of 15-15-15 potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. The fertilization time is once in half a month.

Further, the pest control solution used in the cultivation period is 1000 times liquid of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 1000 times liquid of 25% pirimiphos-fog and 1000 times liquid of 50% Laite wettable powder, and the pest control solution is continuously sprayed for disease prevention in the whole cultivation period once every half month.

The pyracantha plant is a lanchong pyracantha.

Claims

1. A segmented ladder type cultivation method of a pyracantha oblique-stem miniature bonsai comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of structure analysis, seedling cultivation, soil preparation and compartment division, manufacturing of a segmented ladder type stem cultivation mould frame, main branch seedling cultivation, exposed claw root cultivation, stem cutting and separate cultivation and forming maintenance, and is characterized in that the main branch seedling cultivation comprises three steps of main stem grading cultivation, step-by-step directional branch cultivation and segmented high-pressure root cultivation;

the segmented ladder-type drying mold frame is composed of three detachable parts: the device comprises an A-type support frame, a bonsai control forming die frame and a high-pressure support frame, wherein the specific connection relation is as follows: fixing the miniascape control forming die carrier on the A-shaped support frame in parallel, and fixing the high-pressure support frame on the miniascape control forming die carrier;

the A-shaped support frame comprises the following components: the method comprises the following steps that two equilong galvanized steel channels are arranged with notches facing downwards, one end of each channel is fixed, the distance between the other end of each channel is 8-10cm, the separated end of each channel is fixed in soil, the two channels are connected through galvanized steel pipes at a position 5-7cm away from the soil surface, included angles between the two channels and the horizontal direction are equal and are in an A shape, the included angles are determined by the inclination angle of a foundation, the vertexes of an A-shaped frame are arranged on a straight line at a distance of 4-6cm, the two channels are arranged in parallel on the same side, and the galvanized steel pipes between the vertexes and the channels on the same side are connected;

The bonsai control forming mold base consists of a base stem forming control mold base and a stem branch forming control mold base:

the basic-dry forming control mould frame is formed by welding and fixing three sections of galvanized steel bars into a Y shape, and then welding and fixing the lower end of the Y shape on the center line of the upward surface of the channel steel of the A-shaped support frame;

the trunk branch forming control mold frame is used for processing, forming and welding the galvanized steel bars on the corresponding trunk mold frame according to the implantation position, the angle and the branch shape of the primary branch of each grade trunk of the miniature bonsai;

the high-pressure support frame is formed by bending two galvanized steel bars into a right-angled L shape at the middle point, respectively welding and fixing the L-shaped L;

the main trunk grading cultivation is to divide the main trunk of the nursery stock into trunk sections, wherein each section is used for cultivating a basic trunk of each pot of miniature bonsai, and a first-stage, a second-stage, a third-stage, a fourth-stage and a fifth-stage trunk section cultivation branch, a first inflection point, a second inflection point, a third inflection point, a fourth inflection point, a fifth inflection point, a sixth inflection point and a root neck point are determined to ensure that a lateral branch of each stage of trunk section is a growth advantage center;

The step-by-step directional branch cultivation is that under the point of secondary trunk implantation on the selected primary trunk section, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate a first primary branch according to the designed implantation position and extending direction of the first primary branch, and then correspondingly under the point of secondary trunk implantation on each selected other primary trunk section, one lateral branch is selected to cultivate a second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches according to the designed implantation positions and extending directions of a second, third, fourth and fifth primary branches; the second-level branches, the third-level branches and the fourth-level branches are determined and cultivated in the same way;

the segmented high-pressure root cultivation is characterized in that fresh moss is soaked in the chlorothalonil, firethorn is stripped in a segmented annular mode, a wound is bound with the moss and managed for 30-60 days, then a plastic pot is selected to prepare a root pressing sleeve pot, a root system of a basal stem root neck point is sleeved into the high-pressure sleeve pot on a supporting ladder frame, a substrate is filled, and then daily maintenance is carried out.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step-wise girdling is carried out by girdling pyracantha fortuneana at the beginning of each trunk segment of the trunk during vigorous growth stage to form a cortex layer with a depth of xylem and a width of 0.5-1.5cm, removing the cortex layer, scraping the cambium layer, and treating, binding and managing the wound.

3. The method for cultivating the segmented ladder-type plant pyracantha oblique-drying miniature bonsai according to any one of claims 1-2, wherein the pyracantha plants include but are not limited to pyracantha angustifolia and pyracantha crenulata.