JPWO2017191814A1 - Refrigeration cycle equipment - Google Patents

Refrigeration cycle equipment Download PDF

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JPWO2017191814A1
JPWO2017191814A1 JP2018515720A JP2018515720A JPWO2017191814A1 JP WO2017191814 A1 JPWO2017191814 A1 JP WO2017191814A1 JP 2018515720 A JP2018515720 A JP 2018515720A JP 2018515720 A JP2018515720 A JP 2018515720A JP WO2017191814 A1 JPWO2017191814 A1 JP WO2017191814A1
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valve
refrigerant
heat exchanger
refrigeration cycle
gas
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JP6634517B2 (en
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優太 立石
優太 立石
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Toshiba Carrier Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/005—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24—Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/005—Outdoor unit expansion valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/006—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for two pipes connecting the outdoor side to the indoor side with multiple indoor units
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/221—Preventing leaks from developing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/22—Preventing, detecting or repairing leaks of refrigeration fluids
    • F25B2500/222—Detecting refrigerant leaks

Abstract

冷凍サイクルからの冷媒の漏洩を検知する検知手段を設ける。この検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、冷凍サイクル中の冷媒を同冷凍サイクルの圧縮機側に回収する冷媒回収運転を実行する。Detection means for detecting leakage of refrigerant from the refrigeration cycle is provided. When this detection means detects the leakage of the refrigerant, a refrigerant recovery operation is performed to recover the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle to the compressor side of the refrigeration cycle.

Description

本発明の実施形態は、冷媒の漏洩を検出する機能を備えた冷凍サイクル装置に関する。   Embodiments described herein relate generally to a refrigeration cycle apparatus having a function of detecting refrigerant leakage.

空気調和機などの冷凍サイクル装置は、圧縮機、凝縮器、減圧器、蒸発器などを順に配管接続して構成された冷凍サイクルを備える。圧縮機は、冷媒を吸込んで圧縮し吐出する。この圧縮機から吐出される冷媒が凝縮器、減圧器、および蒸発器を通って圧縮機に吸込まれる。   A refrigeration cycle apparatus such as an air conditioner includes a refrigeration cycle configured by connecting a compressor, a condenser, a decompressor, an evaporator, and the like in order. The compressor sucks in the refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is sucked into the compressor through the condenser, the decompressor, and the evaporator.

特開平５−１１８７２０号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-118720

上記冷凍サイクルにおける各管の接続部や継ぎ目などから冷媒が漏洩することがある。万一、多量の冷媒が室内空間に漏洩した場合、室内の酸素量が相対的に低下して室内が酸素不足となる可能性がある。   In some cases, the refrigerant leaks from a connection portion or a joint of each pipe in the refrigeration cycle. In the unlikely event that a large amount of refrigerant leaks into the indoor space, there is a possibility that the amount of oxygen in the room will decrease relatively and the room will become deficient in oxygen.

本発明の実施形態の目的は、冷媒が漏洩した場合に室内の酸素不足を防ぐことができる冷凍サイクル装置を提供することである。   The objective of embodiment of this invention is providing the refrigerating-cycle apparatus which can prevent indoor oxygen shortage, when a refrigerant | coolant leaks.

請求項１の冷凍サイクル装置は、圧縮機、室外熱交換器、減圧器、室内熱交換器を順に配管接続し、前記圧縮機が吐出する冷媒を前記室外熱交換器、前記減圧器、前記室内熱交換器に通して前記圧縮機に戻す冷凍サイクルと；前記冷媒の漏洩を検知する検知手段と；前記検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、前記冷凍サイクル中の前記冷媒を同冷凍サイクルの前記圧縮機側に回収する冷媒回収運転を実行する制御手段と；を備える。   The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected by piping in order, and refrigerant discharged from the compressor is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger, the decompressor, and the indoor A refrigeration cycle that passes through a heat exchanger and returns to the compressor; detection means for detecting leakage of the refrigerant; and when the detection means detects leakage of the refrigerant, the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is refrigerated. Control means for performing a refrigerant recovery operation for recovery on the compressor side of the cycle.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態の構成を示すブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of the present invention. 図２は、本発明の一実施形態の制御を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the control of one embodiment of the present invention.

以下、本発明の一実施形態として、冷凍サイクル装置たとえば空気調和機への適用について説明する。   Hereinafter, application to a refrigeration cycle apparatus such as an air conditioner will be described as an embodiment of the present invention.

空気調和機は、図１に示すように、室外機Ａおよび室内機Ｂを含む。室外機Ａは、圧縮機１、四方弁２、室外熱交換器３、減圧器である電動膨張弁（第１電動膨張弁）４、液側パックドバルブ５、ガス側パックドバルブ６、アキュームレータ７、室外ファン８、室外制御器３０などを含む。室内機Ｂは、液側パックドバルブ２１、減圧器である電動膨張弁（第２電動膨張弁）２２、室内熱交換器２３、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、室内ファン２５、室内制御器４０などを含む。   As shown in FIG. 1, the air conditioner includes an outdoor unit A and an indoor unit B. The outdoor unit A includes a compressor 1, a four-way valve 2, an outdoor heat exchanger 3, an electric expansion valve (first electric expansion valve) 4 as a decompressor, a liquid side packed valve 5, a gas side packed valve 6, an accumulator 7, The outdoor fan 8 and the outdoor controller 30 are included. The indoor unit B includes a liquid side packed valve 21, an electric expansion valve (second electric expansion valve) 22, which is a decompressor, an indoor heat exchanger 23, a gas side packed valve 24, an indoor fan 25, an indoor controller 40, and the like. .

圧縮機１は、冷媒を吸込んで圧縮し吐出する。この圧縮機１の吐出口にガス側管７１を介して四方弁２が接続され、その四方弁２にガス側管７２を介して室外熱交換器３の一端が接続されている。この室外熱交換器３の他端に液側管７３を介して電動膨張弁４の一端が接続され、その電動膨張弁４の他端に液側管７４を介して液側パックドバルブ５の一端が接続されている。この液側パックドバルブ５の他端に液側管７５を介して液側パックドバルブ２１の一端が接続され、その液側パックドバルブ２１の他端に液側管７６を介して電動膨張弁２２の一端が接続されている。この電動膨張弁２２の他端に液側管７７を介して室内熱交換器２３の一端が接続され、その室内熱交換器２３の他端にガス側管７８を介してガス側パックドバルブ２４の一端が接続されている。このガス側パックドバルブ２４の他端にガス側管７９を介してガス側パックドバルブ６の一端が接続され、そのガス側パックドバルブ６の他端にガス側管８１を介して上記四方弁２が接続されている。この四方弁２にガス側管８２を介してアキュームレータ７の一端が接続され、そのアキュームレータ７の他端にガス側管８３を介して圧縮機１の吸込口が接続されている。   The compressor 1 sucks in the refrigerant, compresses it, and discharges it. A four-way valve 2 is connected to the discharge port of the compressor 1 via a gas side pipe 71, and one end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is connected to the four-way valve 2 via a gas side pipe 72. One end of the electric expansion valve 4 is connected to the other end of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 via a liquid side pipe 73, and one end of the liquid side packed valve 5 is connected to the other end of the electric expansion valve 4 via a liquid side pipe 74. Is connected. One end of the liquid side packed valve 21 is connected to the other end of the liquid side packed valve 5 via a liquid side pipe 75, and the other end of the liquid side packed valve 21 is connected to the other end of the electric expansion valve 22 via a liquid side pipe 76. One end is connected. One end of the indoor heat exchanger 23 is connected to the other end of the electric expansion valve 22 via a liquid side pipe 77, and the other end of the indoor heat exchanger 23 is connected to the gas side packed valve 24 via a gas side pipe 78. One end is connected. One end of the gas side packed valve 6 is connected to the other end of the gas side packed valve 24 via a gas side pipe 79, and the other end of the gas side packed valve 6 is connected to the four-way valve 2 via a gas side pipe 81. It is connected. One end of an accumulator 7 is connected to the four-way valve 2 via a gas side pipe 82, and the suction port of the compressor 1 is connected to the other end of the accumulator 7 via a gas side pipe 83.

これらの配管接続により、冷房運転および暖房運転が可能なヒートポンプ式の冷凍サイクルが構成されている。   These pipe connections constitute a heat pump refrigeration cycle capable of cooling operation and heating operation.

電動膨張弁４，２２は、入力される駆動パルスの数に応じて開度が連続的に変化するパルスモータバルブ（ＰＭＶ）である。室外熱交換器３の近傍に、外気を吸込んで室外熱交換器３に通す室外ファン８が配置されている。室内熱交換器２３の近傍に、室内空気を吸込んで室内熱交換器２３に通す室内ファン２５が配置されている。   The electric expansion valves 4 and 22 are pulse motor valves (PMV) whose opening degree changes continuously according to the number of input drive pulses. An outdoor fan 8 that sucks outside air and passes it through the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is disposed in the vicinity of the outdoor heat exchanger 3. An indoor fan 25 that sucks indoor air and passes it through the indoor heat exchanger 23 is disposed in the vicinity of the indoor heat exchanger 23.

液側パックドバルブ５，２１の相互間の液側管７５にバイパス管９１の一端が接続され、そのバイパス管９１の他端がガス側パックドバルブ２４，６の相互間のガス側管７９に接続されている。そして、バイパス管９１に、圧力調整弁１３が配置されている。圧力調整弁１３は、バイパス管９１の一端側の圧力（液側管７５内の冷媒の圧力）Ｐ１とバイパス管９１の他端側の圧力（ガス側管７９内の冷媒の圧力）Ｐ２との差ΔＰに応じて機械的に作動するもので、その差圧ΔＰが所定値ΔＰｓ未満の場合は閉成し所定値ΔＰ以上の場合に開放する。   One end of the bypass pipe 91 is connected to the liquid side pipe 75 between the liquid side packed valves 5 and 21, and the other end of the bypass pipe 91 is connected to the gas side pipe 79 between the gas side packed valves 24 and 6. Has been. A pressure regulating valve 13 is disposed in the bypass pipe 91. The pressure regulating valve 13 is configured such that a pressure on one end side of the bypass pipe 91 (pressure of the refrigerant in the liquid side pipe 75) P1 and a pressure on the other end side of the bypass pipe 91 (pressure of the refrigerant in the gas side pipe 79) P2. It operates mechanically according to the difference ΔP, and closes when the differential pressure ΔP is less than the predetermined value ΔPs, and opens when the differential pressure ΔP is greater than the predetermined value ΔP.

液側管７５において、バイパス管９１の接続位置よりも室内熱交換器２３側の位置（液側パックドバルブ２１寄りの位置）に、冷媒回収用の液側開閉弁１１が配置されている。ガス側管７９において、バイパス管９１の接続位置よりも室内熱交換器２３側の位置（ガス側パックドバルブ２４寄りの位置）に、冷媒回収用のガス側開閉弁１２が配置されている。液側開閉弁１１およびガス側開閉弁１２は、システム制御器５０により開閉が制御される電動式の開閉弁であって、後述の冷媒回収運転が実行されない場合は開放され、その冷媒回収運転が実行される場合はそれぞれ所定のタイミングで閉成される。   In the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 for recovering the refrigerant is disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger 23 than the connection position of the bypass pipe 91 (position closer to the liquid side packed valve 21). In the gas side pipe 79, the gas side on-off valve 12 for refrigerant recovery is disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger 23 than the connection position of the bypass pipe 91 (position closer to the gas side packed valve 24). The liquid-side on-off valve 11 and the gas-side on-off valve 12 are electrically operated on-off valves whose opening / closing is controlled by the system controller 50, and are opened when the refrigerant recovery operation described later is not executed. When executed, each is closed at a predetermined timing.

冷房運転時は、図１に実線矢印で示すように、圧縮機１から吐出されるガス状の冷媒（ガス冷媒という）がガス側管７１、四方弁２、ガス側管７２を通って室外熱交換器３に流入する。室外熱交換器３に流入したガス冷媒は、室外ファン８から供給される室外空気に熱を放出して液化する。この室外熱交換器３から流出する液状の冷媒（液冷媒という）は液側管７３、電動膨張弁４、液側管７４、液側パックドバルブ５、液側管７５、液側開閉弁１１、液側パックドバルブ２１、液側管７６、電動膨張弁２２、液側管７７を通って室内熱交換器２３に流入する。室内熱交換器２３に流入した液冷媒は、室内ファン２５から供給される室内空気から熱を奪って気化する。この室内熱交換器２３から流出するガス冷媒はガス側管７８、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、ガス側管７９、ガス側開閉弁１２、ガス側パックドバルブ６、ガス側管８１、四方弁２、ガス側管８２、アキュームレータ７、ガス側管８３を通って圧縮機１に吸込まれる。すなわち、室外熱交換器３が凝縮器として機能し、室内熱交換器２３が蒸発器として機能する。   During the cooling operation, as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. 1, the gaseous refrigerant (referred to as gas refrigerant) discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the gas side pipe 71, the four-way valve 2, and the gas side pipe 72, and the outdoor heat It flows into the exchanger 3. The gas refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is liquefied by releasing heat to the outdoor air supplied from the outdoor fan 8. The liquid refrigerant (referred to as liquid refrigerant) flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is the liquid side pipe 73, the electric expansion valve 4, the liquid side pipe 74, the liquid side packed valve 5, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side on-off valve 11, It flows into the indoor heat exchanger 23 through the liquid side packed valve 21, the liquid side pipe 76, the electric expansion valve 22, and the liquid side pipe 77. The liquid refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 23 takes heat from the indoor air supplied from the indoor fan 25 and vaporizes. The gas refrigerant flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 23 is gas side pipe 78, gas side packed valve 24, gas side pipe 79, gas side on-off valve 12, gas side packed valve 6, gas side pipe 81, four-way valve 2, gas The air is sucked into the compressor 1 through the side pipe 82, the accumulator 7, and the gas side pipe 83. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 functions as a condenser, and the indoor heat exchanger 23 functions as an evaporator.

この冷房運転時、電動膨張弁４は、室外熱交換器３における冷媒の過冷却度が設定値一定となるように開度が制御される。電動膨張弁２２は、室内熱交換器２３における冷媒の過熱度が設定値一定となるように開度が制御される。また、電動膨張弁２２は、冷房運転の停止時に全閉される。   During the cooling operation, the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 4 is controlled so that the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 becomes a set value. The opening degree of the electric expansion valve 22 is controlled so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger 23 becomes a constant set value. The electric expansion valve 22 is fully closed when the cooling operation is stopped.

暖房運転時は、四方弁２の流路が切換わることにより、圧縮機１から吐出されるガス冷媒がガス側管７１、四方弁２、ガス側管８１、ガス側パックドバルブ６、ガス側管７９、ガス側開閉弁１２、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、ガス側管７８を通って室内熱交換器２３に流れ、室内熱交換器２３から流出する液冷媒が液側管７７、電動膨張弁２２、液側管７６、液側パックドバルブ２１、液側管７５、液側開閉弁１１、液側パックドバルブ５、液側管７４、電動膨張弁４、液側管７３を通って室外熱交換器３に流れる。室外熱交換器３から流出するガス冷媒はガス側管７２、四方弁２、ガス側管８２、アキュームレータ７、ガス側管８３を通って圧縮機１に吸込まれる。すなわち、室内熱交換器２３が凝縮器として機能し、室外熱交換器３が蒸発器として機能する。   During the heating operation, the flow path of the four-way valve 2 is switched so that the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 causes the gas side pipe 71, the four-way valve 2, the gas side pipe 81, the gas side packed valve 6, and the gas side pipe. 79, the liquid refrigerant flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 23 through the gas side open / close valve 12, the gas side packed valve 24, and the gas side pipe 78 and flowing out of the indoor heat exchanger 23, the liquid side pipe 77, the electric expansion valve 22, The outdoor heat exchanger 3 passes through the liquid side pipe 76, the liquid side packed valve 21, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side on-off valve 11, the liquid side packed valve 5, the liquid side pipe 74, the electric expansion valve 4, and the liquid side pipe 73. Flowing into. The gas refrigerant flowing out of the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is sucked into the compressor 1 through the gas side pipe 72, the four-way valve 2, the gas side pipe 82, the accumulator 7, and the gas side pipe 83. That is, the indoor heat exchanger 23 functions as a condenser, and the outdoor heat exchanger 3 functions as an evaporator.

この暖房運転時、電動膨張弁２２は、室内熱交換器２３における冷媒の過冷却度が設定値一定となるように制御される。電動膨張弁４は、室外熱交換器３における冷媒の過熱度が設定値一定となるように開度が制御される。また、電動膨張弁２２は、暖房運転の停止時に全閉される。   During the heating operation, the electric expansion valve 22 is controlled such that the degree of refrigerant supercooling in the indoor heat exchanger 23 is constant. The opening degree of the electric expansion valve 4 is controlled so that the degree of superheat of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is constant. The electric expansion valve 22 is fully closed when the heating operation is stopped.

これら冷房運転時および暖房運転時、ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルから冷媒が漏洩していなければ、液側管７５内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ１とガス側管７９内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ２との差ΔＰが所定値ΔＰｓ未満となり、よって圧力調整弁１３が閉成状態を保つ。冷房運転時および暖房運転の停止時も、ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルから冷媒が漏洩していなければ、液側管７５内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ１とガス側管７９内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ２との差ΔＰが所定値ΔＰｓ未満となり、よって圧力調整弁１３が閉成状態を保つ。   If the refrigerant does not leak from the heat pump refrigeration cycle during the cooling operation and the heating operation, the difference ΔP between the refrigerant pressure P1 in the liquid side pipe 75 and the refrigerant pressure P2 in the gas side pipe 79 is a predetermined value. Therefore, the pressure regulating valve 13 is kept closed. If the refrigerant does not leak from the heat pump refrigeration cycle even during the cooling operation and the heating operation stop, the difference ΔP between the refrigerant pressure P1 in the liquid side pipe 75 and the refrigerant pressure P2 in the gas side pipe 79 is Therefore, the pressure adjustment valve 13 is kept closed.

室外制御器３０に、室内制御器４０およびシステム制御器５０がそれぞれ通信線接続されている。室内制御器４０に、リモートコントロール式の操作表示器（リモコン）５１および冷媒漏洩検知器（検知手段）６０がそれぞれ通信線接続されている。そして、システム制御器５０に、液側開閉弁１１およびガス側開閉弁１２がそれぞれ信号線接続されている。   An indoor controller 40 and a system controller 50 are connected to the outdoor controller 30 via communication lines. A remote control type operation indicator (remote controller) 51 and a refrigerant leakage detector (detection means) 60 are connected to the indoor controller 40 via communication lines. The system controller 50 is connected to the liquid side on / off valve 11 and the gas side on / off valve 12 via signal lines.

冷媒漏洩検知器６０は、ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルからの冷媒の漏洩を検知するもので、例えばガス冷媒を検知するガスセンサであって、室内機Ｂが設置される室内空間または室内機Ｂの近傍に配置される。操作表示器５１は、運転モードや室内温度を設定するための操作部５１ａを有するとともに、その操作部５１ａの設定内容等を文字や画像で表示する表示部５１ｂを有する。   The refrigerant leakage detector 60 detects refrigerant leakage from the heat pump refrigeration cycle. For example, the refrigerant leakage detector 60 is a gas sensor that detects gas refrigerant, and is disposed in the indoor space where the indoor unit B is installed or in the vicinity of the indoor unit B. Is done. The operation display 51 includes an operation unit 51a for setting the operation mode and the room temperature, and also includes a display unit 51b for displaying the setting contents of the operation unit 51a and the like with characters and images.

室外制御器３０は、システム制御器５０からの指令に応じて圧縮機１の運転、四方弁２の流路、電動膨張弁４の開度、室外ファン８の運転を制御するとともに、システム制御器５０からの指令に応じて室内制御器４０に対し所定の室内制御を指令する。室内制御器４０は、室外制御器３０からの指令に応じて、電動膨張弁２２の開度および室内ファン２５の運転を制御する。   The outdoor controller 30 controls the operation of the compressor 1, the flow path of the four-way valve 2, the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 4, and the operation of the outdoor fan 8 according to a command from the system controller 50, and the system controller In response to a command from 50, a predetermined indoor control is commanded to the indoor controller 40. The indoor controller 40 controls the opening degree of the electric expansion valve 22 and the operation of the indoor fan 25 in accordance with a command from the outdoor controller 30.

システム制御器５０は、室外制御器３０を介して室外機Ａを制御するとともに、室外制御器３０および室内制御器４０を介して室内機Ｂおよび操作表示器５１を制御する。とくに、システム制御器５０は、冷媒の漏洩に関わる主要な機能（制御手段）として、冷媒漏洩検知器６０の検知結果を室内制御器４０および室外制御器３０を介して受け、その冷媒漏洩検知器６０が冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合にヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクル中の冷媒を同ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルの室外機Ａ側（圧縮機１側）に回収する冷媒回収運転を実行する。この冷媒回収運転は、室内機Ｂの移設や交換などに際して室内機Ｂ側の冷媒を室外機Ａ側に回収するために行う一般的な冷媒回収運転と基本的に同じである。   The system controller 50 controls the outdoor unit A through the outdoor controller 30, and controls the indoor unit B and the operation indicator 51 through the outdoor controller 30 and the indoor controller 40. In particular, the system controller 50 receives the detection result of the refrigerant leak detector 60 via the indoor controller 40 and the outdoor controller 30 as a main function (control means) related to refrigerant leakage, and the refrigerant leak detector. When the refrigerant | coolant 60 detects leakage of a refrigerant | coolant, the refrigerant | coolant collection | recovery driving | operation which collect | recovers the refrigerant | coolants in a heat pump type refrigerating cycle to the outdoor unit A side (compressor 1 side) of the heat pump type refrigerating cycle is performed. This refrigerant recovery operation is basically the same as a general refrigerant recovery operation performed to recover the refrigerant on the indoor unit B side to the outdoor unit A side when the indoor unit B is moved or replaced.

具体的には、システム制御器５０は、冷媒漏洩検知器６０が冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、圧縮機１を所定周波数で運転し、四方弁２を冷房流路に設定してヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルにおける冷媒の流れを冷房時の流れに設定し、電動膨張弁４を所定開度に設定し、電動膨張弁２２を全開し、かつ液側開閉弁１１およびガス側開閉弁１２を開放することにより、冷媒回収運転を開始する。続いて、システム制御器５０は、この冷媒回収運転の開始から一定時間ｔ１後に液側開閉弁１１を閉成し、この液側開閉弁１１の閉成から一定時間ｔ２後にガス側開閉弁１２を閉成し、このガス側開閉弁１２の閉成から一定時間ｔ３後に圧縮機１を停止し、この圧縮機１の停止に伴い電動膨張弁４を全開することのより、冷媒回収運転を終了する。なお、システム制御器５０は、この冷媒回収運転の実行中は室外ファン８および室内ファン２５の運転を停止する。   Specifically, when the refrigerant leak detector 60 detects refrigerant leakage, the system controller 50 operates the compressor 1 at a predetermined frequency and sets the four-way valve 2 as a cooling flow path to perform heat pump refrigeration. The refrigerant flow in the cycle is set to the flow during cooling, the electric expansion valve 4 is set to a predetermined opening, the electric expansion valve 22 is fully opened, and the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 and the gas side opening / closing valve 12 are opened. Thus, the refrigerant recovery operation is started. Subsequently, the system controller 50 closes the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 after a certain time t1 from the start of the refrigerant recovery operation, and turns the gas side opening / closing valve 12 after the certain time t2 after the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 is closed. The compressor 1 is stopped after a certain time t3 from the closing of the gas side on-off valve 12, and the electric expansion valve 4 is fully opened along with the stop of the compressor 1 to complete the refrigerant recovery operation. . The system controller 50 stops the operation of the outdoor fan 8 and the indoor fan 25 during the execution of the refrigerant recovery operation.

つぎに、システム制御器５０が実行する制御を図２のフローチャートを参照しながら説明する。
室内機Ｂ側の液側管７５，７６，７７、液側パックドバルブ２１、電動膨張弁２２、室内熱交換器２３、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、ガス側管７８，７９などの接続部や継ぎ目から冷媒が漏洩した場合、その冷媒の漏洩が冷媒漏洩検知器６０で検知される。この場合、漏洩した冷媒がガス冷媒であれば、そのガス冷媒がそのまま冷媒漏洩検知器６０で検知される。漏洩した冷媒が液冷媒であれば、その液冷媒から気化したガス冷媒が冷媒漏洩検知器６０で検知される。Next, the control executed by the system controller 50 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
From connection parts and joints such as liquid side pipes 75, 76, 77 on the indoor unit B side, liquid side packed valve 21, electric expansion valve 22, indoor heat exchanger 23, gas side packed valve 24, gas side pipes 78, 79, etc. When the refrigerant leaks, the refrigerant leak detector 60 detects the refrigerant leak. In this case, if the leaked refrigerant is a gas refrigerant, the gas refrigerant is detected as it is by the refrigerant leak detector 60. If the leaked refrigerant is a liquid refrigerant, the gas refrigerant evaporated from the liquid refrigerant is detected by the refrigerant leak detector 60.

システム制御器５０は、冷媒漏洩検知器６０が冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に（ステップＳ１のＹＥＳ）、冷媒が漏洩した旨を操作表示器５１の文字表示やアイコン画像表示により報知するとともに（ステップＳ２）、冷媒回収運転を実行する(ステップＳ３)。   When the refrigerant leak detector 60 detects the refrigerant leak (YES in step S1), the system controller 50 notifies the fact that the refrigerant has leaked by displaying characters or displaying an icon image on the operation indicator 51 (step S1). S2) A refrigerant recovery operation is executed (step S3).

すなわち、システム制御器５０は、まず、四方弁２を冷房流路に設定して圧縮機１を所定周波数で運転するとともに、電動膨張弁４を所定開度に設定し、電動膨張弁２２を全開し、かつ液側開閉弁１１およびガス側開閉弁１２を開放する。これにより、図１に実線矢印で示すように、圧縮機１から吐出されるガス冷媒が、ガス側管７１、四方弁２、ガス側管７２を通って室外熱交換器３に流入し、その室外熱交換器３内の冷媒（ガス冷媒および液冷媒）が液側管７３、電動膨張弁４、液側管７４、液側パックドバルブ５、液側管７５、液側開閉弁１１、液側パックドバルブ２１を通って室内機Ｂに流れる。室内機Ｂに流れた冷媒は、液側管７６、電動膨張弁２２、液側管７７、室内熱交換器２３、ガス側管７８、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、ガス側管７９、ガス側開閉弁１２、ガス側パックドバルブ６を通って室外機Ａ側に回収される。冷媒回収運転の開始となる。   That is, the system controller 50 first sets the four-way valve 2 to the cooling flow path, operates the compressor 1 at a predetermined frequency, sets the electric expansion valve 4 to a predetermined opening degree, and fully opens the electric expansion valve 22. In addition, the liquid side on / off valve 11 and the gas side on / off valve 12 are opened. As a result, as indicated by solid arrows in FIG. 1, the gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the gas side pipe 71, the four-way valve 2, and the gas side pipe 72, The refrigerant (gas refrigerant and liquid refrigerant) in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 is the liquid side pipe 73, the electric expansion valve 4, the liquid side pipe 74, the liquid side packed valve 5, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side on-off valve 11, and the liquid side. It flows to the indoor unit B through the packed valve 21. The refrigerant flowing into the indoor unit B is the liquid side pipe 76, the electric expansion valve 22, the liquid side pipe 77, the indoor heat exchanger 23, the gas side pipe 78, the gas side packed valve 24, the gas side pipe 79, and the gas side on-off valve. 12. Collected to the outdoor unit A side through the gas side packed valve 6. The refrigerant recovery operation starts.

この冷媒回収運転の開始に伴い、システム制御器５０は、タイムカウントｔ１を開始し（ステップＳ４）、このタイムカウントｔ１が一定時間ｔ１ｓに達するのを待つ（ステップＳ５のＮＯ）。   With the start of the refrigerant recovery operation, the system controller 50 starts a time count t1 (step S4) and waits for the time count t1 to reach a certain time t1s (NO in step S5).

タイムカウントｔ１が一定時間ｔ１ｓに達したとき（ステップＳ５のＹＥＳ）、システム制御器５０は、液側開閉弁１１を閉成する（ステップＳ６）。液側開閉弁１１が閉成すると、液側開閉弁１１より下流の液側管７５、液側パックドバルブ２１、液側管７６、電動膨張弁２２、液側管７７、室内熱交換器２３、ガス側管７８、ガス側パックドバルブ２４、ガス側管７９、ガス側開閉弁１２に存する冷媒が、圧縮機１側に真空引きされて引き続き室外機Ａ側に回収される。   When the time count t1 reaches the predetermined time t1s (YES in step S5), the system controller 50 closes the liquid side on-off valve 11 (step S6). When the liquid side on-off valve 11 is closed, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side packed valve 21, the liquid side pipe 76, the electric expansion valve 22, the liquid side pipe 77, the indoor heat exchanger 23 downstream from the liquid side on / off valve 11, The refrigerant existing in the gas side pipe 78, the gas side packed valve 24, the gas side pipe 79, and the gas side on-off valve 12 is evacuated to the compressor 1 side and subsequently recovered to the outdoor unit A side.

このステップＳ６での液側開閉弁１１の閉成に伴い、システム制御器５０は、タイムカウントｔ２を開始し（ステップＳ７）、このタイムカウントｔ２が一定時間ｔ２ｓに達するのを待つ（ステップＳ８のＮＯ）。   As the liquid side on-off valve 11 is closed in step S6, the system controller 50 starts a time count t2 (step S7) and waits for the time count t2 to reach a predetermined time t2s (in step S8). NO).

タイムカウントｔ２が一定時間ｔ２ｓに達したとき（ステップＳ８のＹＥＳ）、システム制御器５０は、ガス側開閉弁１２を閉成する（ステップＳ９）。ガス側開閉弁１２が閉成すると、ガス側開閉弁１２より下流のガス側管７９、ガス側パックドバルブ６、ガス側管８１などに回収された冷媒が室内機Ｂ側に戻らない。   When the time count t2 reaches the predetermined time t2s (YES in step S8), the system controller 50 closes the gas side on-off valve 12 (step S9). When the gas side opening / closing valve 12 is closed, the refrigerant recovered in the gas side pipe 79, the gas side packed valve 6, the gas side pipe 81, etc. downstream from the gas side opening / closing valve 12 does not return to the indoor unit B side.

このステップＳ８でのガス側開閉弁１２の閉成に伴い、システム制御器５０は、タイムカウントｔ３を開始し（ステップＳ１０）、このタイムカウントｔ３が一定時間ｔ３ｓに達するのを待つ（ステップＳ１１のＮＯ）。   As the gas side on-off valve 12 is closed in step S8, the system controller 50 starts a time count t3 (step S10) and waits for the time count t3 to reach a certain time t3s (in step S11). NO).

タイムカウントｔ３が一定時間ｔ３ｓに達したとき（ステップＳ１１のＹＥＳ）、システム制御器５０は、圧縮機１を停止する（ステップＳ１２）。この停止により伴い、システム制御器５０は、これまで所定開度に設定されていた電動膨張弁４を全開する（ステップＳ１３）。この圧縮機１の停止および電動膨張弁４の全開により、冷媒回収運転が終了する。   When the time count t3 reaches the predetermined time t3s (YES in step S11), the system controller 50 stops the compressor 1 (step S12). With this stop, the system controller 50 fully opens the electric expansion valve 4 that has been set to a predetermined opening degree so far (step S13). The refrigerant recovery operation ends when the compressor 1 is stopped and the electric expansion valve 4 is fully opened.

上記ステップＳ９で液側開閉弁１１が閉成したとき、液側開閉弁１１より上流側の冷媒流路である液側管７５、液側パックドバルブ５、液側管７４、電動膨張弁４、液側管７３などに冷媒が閉じ込められた状態となって液化するが、上記ステップＳ１３で電動膨張弁４が全開するので、液側開閉弁１１より上流側の冷媒流路に閉じ込められた液冷媒が図１に太線矢印で示すように電動膨張弁４および液側管７３を通って室外熱交換器３に流れる。室外熱交換器３に流れた液冷媒は、そのまま室外熱交換器３に溜まり込む。つまり、室外熱交換器３が液冷媒の収容タンクとして機能する。   When the liquid side on / off valve 11 is closed in step S9, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side packed valve 5, the liquid side pipe 74, the electric expansion valve 4, which are the refrigerant flow channels upstream of the liquid side on / off valve 11, Although the refrigerant is confined in the liquid side pipe 73 and the like, it is liquefied. However, since the electric expansion valve 4 is fully opened in step S13, the liquid refrigerant confined in the refrigerant flow channel upstream of the liquid side on-off valve 11 is obtained. Flows to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 through the electric expansion valve 4 and the liquid side pipe 73 as indicated by the thick arrows in FIG. The liquid refrigerant that has flowed to the outdoor heat exchanger 3 accumulates in the outdoor heat exchanger 3 as it is. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 3 functions as a liquid refrigerant storage tank.

なお、上記ステップＳ９で液側開閉弁１１が閉成した後、室外機Ａの周りの雰囲気温度が上昇すると、液側開閉弁１１より上流側の冷媒流路に閉じ込められた液冷媒が気化することがある。気化したガス冷媒の圧力が液側開閉弁１１、液側管７５、液側パックドバルブ５、電動膨張弁４、液側管７３などの冷凍サイクル部品の耐圧を超えた場合、その耐圧を超えた個所の冷凍サイクル部品に破裂や損傷が生じる可能性がある。冷凍サイクル部品の設計上の耐圧は、例えばR410A冷媒が使用されている場合に、高圧側で3.7〜4.15MPaである。   When the ambient temperature around the outdoor unit A rises after the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 is closed in step S9, the liquid refrigerant confined in the refrigerant flow channel upstream of the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 is vaporized. Sometimes. When the pressure of the vaporized gas refrigerant exceeded the pressure resistance of the refrigeration cycle components such as the liquid side on-off valve 11, the liquid side pipe 75, the liquid side packed valve 5, the electric expansion valve 4, and the liquid side pipe 73, the pressure resistance was exceeded. The refrigeration cycle parts at the location may be ruptured or damaged. The design pressure resistance of the refrigeration cycle component is 3.7 to 4.15 MPa on the high pressure side when, for example, R410A refrigerant is used.

しかしながら、液側開閉弁１１より上流側の冷媒流路に閉じ込められた液冷媒が気化して圧力上昇すると、液側管７５内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ１とガス側管７９内の冷媒の圧力Ｐ２との差ΔＰが増加する。この差圧ΔＰが所定値ΔＰｓ以上に増加した場合、その差圧ΔＰにより圧力調整弁１３が開く。圧力調整弁１３が開くと、液側開閉弁１１より上流側の冷媒流路に存するガス冷媒が図１に太線矢印で示すようにバイパス管９１および圧力調整弁１３を通ってガス側管７９に流れる。ガス側管７９に流れたガス冷媒は、圧縮機１側に真空引きされて室外機Ａ側に回収される。これにより、圧力上昇による冷凍サイクル部品の破裂や損傷を防止することができる。   However, when the liquid refrigerant confined in the refrigerant flow path upstream of the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 is vaporized and rises in pressure, the refrigerant pressure P1 in the liquid side pipe 75 and the refrigerant pressure P2 in the gas side pipe 79 The difference ΔP increases. When the differential pressure ΔP increases to a predetermined value ΔPs or more, the pressure regulating valve 13 is opened by the differential pressure ΔP. When the pressure regulating valve 13 is opened, the gas refrigerant existing in the refrigerant flow path upstream from the liquid side opening / closing valve 11 passes through the bypass pipe 91 and the pressure regulating valve 13 to the gas side pipe 79 as shown by a thick arrow in FIG. Flowing. The gas refrigerant that has flowed to the gas side pipe 79 is evacuated to the compressor 1 side and recovered to the outdoor unit A side. Thereby, rupture and damage of the refrigeration cycle component due to pressure increase can be prevented.

以上のように、室内機Ｂ側の冷媒の漏洩を冷媒漏洩検知器６０で検知し、その検知時に冷媒回収運転を実行してヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクル中の冷媒を同ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルの室外機Ａ側に回収するので、冷媒の漏洩がいつまでも続かない。冷媒の漏洩を最小限に抑えることができる。多量の冷媒が室内空間に漏洩すると室内の酸素量が相対的に低下して室内が酸素不足となる可能性があるが、そのような不具合を未然に防ぐことができる。漏洩した冷媒による人体や環境への悪影響も軽減できる。   As described above, refrigerant leakage on the indoor unit B side is detected by the refrigerant leakage detector 60, and at the time of detection, the refrigerant recovery operation is performed to remove the refrigerant in the heat pump refrigeration cycle in the outdoor unit A of the heat pump refrigeration cycle. Since the refrigerant is collected to the side, the leakage of the refrigerant does not continue indefinitely. Refrigerant leakage can be minimized. If a large amount of refrigerant leaks into the indoor space, there is a possibility that the amount of oxygen in the room is relatively lowered and the room becomes deficient in oxygen, but such a problem can be prevented in advance. The adverse effects on the human body and the environment due to the leaked refrigerant can be reduced.

冷媒が漏洩した旨を操作表示器５１で報知するので、冷媒の漏洩をユーザに的確に認識させることができる。冷媒の漏洩を認識したユーザは、点検および修理をサービス会社等に迅速に依頼することができる。   Since the operation indicator 51 notifies that the refrigerant has leaked, it is possible to make the user accurately recognize the leakage of the refrigerant. A user who recognizes the leakage of the refrigerant can promptly request a service company or the like for inspection and repair.

なお、上記実施形態では、冷媒漏洩検知器６０としてガスセンサを用いる場合を例に説明したが、冷媒の漏洩を検知する手段に限定はなく、例えば冷媒が放出する赤外線エネルギーを捕らえるサーモグラフィカメラを用いてもよい。   In the above embodiment, the case where a gas sensor is used as the refrigerant leak detector 60 has been described as an example. However, the means for detecting the refrigerant leak is not limited. For example, a thermography camera that captures infrared energy released by the refrigerant is used. Also good.

上記実施形態では、冷凍サイクル装置として空気調和機を例に説明したが、冷凍サイクルを搭載した機器であれば、空気調和機に限らず他の機器にも同様に実施可能である。   In the said embodiment, although the air conditioner was demonstrated to the example as a refrigeration cycle apparatus, if it is an apparatus carrying a refrigeration cycle, it can implement not only to an air conditioner but to other apparatuses similarly.

上記実施形態では、バイパス管９１および圧力調整弁１３を室外機Ａの外に配置する場合を例に説明したが、バイパス管９１および圧力調整弁１３を室外機Ａの内部に配置してもよい。また、圧力調整弁１３に代わる電動式の開閉弁をバイパス管９１に配置し、かつこのバイパス管９１および電動式の開閉弁を室外機Ａの内部に配置し、その電動式の開閉弁の開閉を室外制御器３０によって制御する構成としてもよい。   Although the case where the bypass pipe 91 and the pressure adjustment valve 13 are arranged outside the outdoor unit A has been described as an example in the above embodiment, the bypass pipe 91 and the pressure adjustment valve 13 may be arranged inside the outdoor unit A. . In addition, an electric on-off valve in place of the pressure regulating valve 13 is arranged in the bypass pipe 91, and the bypass pipe 91 and the electric on-off valve are arranged inside the outdoor unit A, and the electric on-off valve is opened and closed. May be configured to be controlled by the outdoor controller 30.

その他、上記各実施形態および変形例は、例として提示したものであり、発明の範囲を限定することは意図していない。この新規な実施形態および変形例は、その他の様々な形態で実施されることが可能であり、発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の省略、書き換え、変更を行うことができる。これら実施形態や変形は、発明の範囲は要旨に含まれるとともに、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明とその均等の範囲に含まれる。   In addition, each said embodiment and modification are shown as an example, and are not intending limiting the range of invention. The novel embodiments and modifications can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, rewrites, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. In these embodiments and modifications, the scope of the invention is included in the gist, and is included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

本発明の冷凍サイクル装置は、冷凍サイクルを搭載した種々の機器への利用が可能である。   The refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present invention can be used for various devices equipped with a refrigeration cycle.

Ａ…室外ユニット、Ｂ…室内ユニット、１…圧縮機、２…四方弁、３…室外熱交換器、４…電動膨張弁（減圧器）、７…アキュームレータ、７１，７２，７８，７９，８１，８２，８３…ガス側管、７３，７４，７５，７６，７７…液側管、９１…バイパス管、１１…液側開閉弁、１２…ガス側開閉弁、１３…圧力調整弁、３０…室外制御器、４０…室内制御器、５０…システム制御器、６０…冷媒漏洩検知器（検知手段）   A ... Outdoor unit, B ... Indoor unit, 1 ... Compressor, 2 ... 4-way valve, 3 ... Outdoor heat exchanger, 4 ... Electric expansion valve (pressure reducer), 7 ... Accumulator, 71, 72, 78, 79, 81 , 82, 83 ... gas side pipes, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77 ... liquid side pipes, 91 ... bypass pipes, 11 ... liquid side on / off valves, 12 ... gas side on / off valves, 13 ... pressure regulating valves, 30 ... Outdoor controller 40 ... Indoor controller 50 ... System controller 60 ... Refrigerant leak detector (detection means)

Claims (7)

圧縮機、室外熱交換器、減圧器、室内熱交換器を順に配管接続し、前記圧縮機が吐出する冷媒を前記室外熱交換器、前記減圧器、前記室内熱交換器に通して前記圧縮機に戻す冷凍サイクルと、
前記冷媒の漏洩を検知する検知手段と、
前記検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、前記冷凍サイクル中の前記冷媒を同冷凍サイクルの前記圧縮機側に回収する冷媒回収運転を実行する制御手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする冷凍サイクル装置。A compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, a decompressor, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected in order, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor passes through the outdoor heat exchanger, the decompressor, and the indoor heat exchanger, and the compressor A refrigeration cycle to return to
Detecting means for detecting leakage of the refrigerant;
Control means for performing a refrigerant recovery operation for recovering the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle to the compressor side of the refrigeration cycle when the detection means detects leakage of the refrigerant;
A refrigeration cycle apparatus comprising: 前記圧縮機、前記室外熱交換器、前記減圧器を含む室外機と、
前記室内熱交換器を含む室内機と、
をさらに備え、
前記検知手段は、前記冷凍サイクルの前記室内機側から前記冷媒が漏洩した場合に、その漏洩した冷媒を検知する、
前記制御手段は、前記冷媒回収運転の実行により、前記冷凍サイクル中の前記冷媒を同冷凍サイクルの前記室外機側に回収する、
ことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。An outdoor unit including the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the decompressor;
An indoor unit including the indoor heat exchanger;
Further comprising
The detection means detects the leaked refrigerant when the refrigerant leaks from the indoor unit side of the refrigeration cycle,
The control means recovers the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle to the outdoor unit side of the refrigeration cycle by executing the refrigerant recovery operation.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1. 前記冷凍サイクルは、前記減圧器と前記室内熱交換器とを接続し前記冷媒が液状態で流れる液側管、および前記室内熱交換器と前記圧縮機とを接続し前記冷媒がガス状態で流れるガス側管を含み、
前記液側管と前記ガス側管との間に接続されたバイパス管と、
前記バイパス管に配置され、前記液側管内の冷媒圧力と前記ガス側管内の冷媒圧力との差が所定値未満の場合に閉じて所定値以上の場合に開く圧力調整弁と、
をさらに備える
ことを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。The refrigeration cycle connects the decompressor and the indoor heat exchanger so that the refrigerant flows in a liquid state, and connects the indoor heat exchanger and the compressor so that the refrigerant flows in a gas state. Including gas side pipes,
A bypass pipe connected between the liquid side pipe and the gas side pipe;
A pressure regulating valve disposed in the bypass pipe and closed when a difference between the refrigerant pressure in the liquid side pipe and the refrigerant pressure in the gas side pipe is less than a predetermined value and opened when the difference is greater than or equal to a predetermined value;
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 前記液側管における前記バイパス管の接続位置よりも前記室内熱交換器側の位置に配置された液側開閉弁と、
前記ガス側管における前記バイパス管の接続位置よりも前記室内熱交換器側の位置に配置されたガス側開閉弁と、
をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、前記圧縮機を運転するとともに前記液側開閉弁および前記ガス側開閉弁を開放することにより前記冷媒回収運転を開始し、この開始から一定時間ｔ１後に前記液側開閉弁を閉成し、この液側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ２後に前記ガス側開閉弁を閉成し、このガス側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ３後に前記圧縮機を停止することにより前記冷媒回収運転を終了する、
ことを特徴とする請求項３記載の冷凍サイクル装置。A liquid side on-off valve disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger than a connection position of the bypass pipe in the liquid side pipe;
A gas-side on-off valve disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger than a connection position of the bypass pipe in the gas-side pipe;
Further comprising
The control means starts the refrigerant recovery operation by operating the compressor and opening the liquid side on-off valve and the gas side on-off valve when the detecting means detects leakage of the refrigerant, The liquid side on / off valve is closed after a predetermined time t1 from the start, and the gas side on / off valve is closed after a predetermined time t2 from the closing of the liquid side on / off valve. The refrigerant recovery operation is terminated by stopping the compressor after time t3.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3. 前記減圧器は、電動膨張弁であり、
前記制御手段は、前記検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、前記圧縮機を運転するとともに前記電動膨張弁を所定開度に設定しかつ前記液側開閉弁および前記ガス側開閉弁を開放することにより前記冷媒回収運転を開始し、この開始から一定時間ｔ１後に前記液側開閉弁を閉成し、この液側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ２後に前記ガス側開閉弁を閉成し、このガス側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ３後に前記圧縮機を停止し、この停止に伴い前記電動膨張弁を全開することにより前記冷媒回収運転を終了する、
ことを特徴とする請求項４記載の冷凍サイクル装置。The pressure reducer is an electric expansion valve,
When the detecting means detects leakage of the refrigerant, the control means operates the compressor, sets the electric expansion valve to a predetermined opening degree, and sets the liquid-side on-off valve and the gas-side on-off valve. The refrigerant recovery operation is started by opening, and the liquid side on / off valve is closed after a predetermined time t1 from the start, and the gas side on / off valve is closed after a predetermined time t2 from the closing of the liquid side on / off valve. Then, the compressor is stopped after a predetermined time t3 from the closing of the gas side on-off valve, and the refrigerant recovery operation is terminated by fully opening the electric expansion valve in accordance with the stop.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 4. 前記冷凍サイクルは、前記圧縮機、四方弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記減圧器である第１電動膨張弁、第２電動膨張弁、前記室内熱交換器を順に配管接続し、冷房時は前記圧縮機が吐出する冷媒を前記四方弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記第１電動膨張弁、前記第２電動膨張弁、前記室内熱交換器、前記四方弁に通して前記圧縮機に吸込ませ、暖房時は前記圧縮機が吐出する冷媒を前記四方弁から前記室内熱交換器、前記第２電動膨張弁、前記第１電動膨張弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記四方弁に通して前記圧縮機に吸込ませるヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルであって、前記第１電動膨張弁と前記第２電動膨張弁とを接続し前記冷媒が液状態で流れる液側管、および前記室内熱交換器と前記四方弁とを接続し前記冷媒がガス状態で流れるガス側管を含み、
前記室外機は、前記圧縮機、前記四方弁、前記室外熱交換器、前記第１電動膨張弁を含み、
前記室内機は、前記第２電動膨張弁および前記室内熱交換器を含む、
ことを特徴とする請求項３に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。In the refrigeration cycle, the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first electric expansion valve that is the pressure reducer, the second electric expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected in order by piping. Refrigerant discharged from the compressor is sucked into the compressor through the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first electric expansion valve, the second electric expansion valve, the indoor heat exchanger, the four-way valve, During heating, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is passed from the four-way valve to the indoor heat exchanger, the second electric expansion valve, the first electric expansion valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, and the four-way valve. A heat pump type refrigeration cycle to be sucked into a liquid side pipe connecting the first electric expansion valve and the second electric expansion valve and flowing the refrigerant in a liquid state, and the indoor heat exchanger and the four-way valve, Including a gas side pipe through which the refrigerant flows in a gas state
The outdoor unit includes the compressor, the four-way valve, the outdoor heat exchanger, the first electric expansion valve,
The indoor unit includes the second electric expansion valve and the indoor heat exchanger.
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 3. 前記液側管における前記バイパス管の接続位置よりも前記室内熱交換器側の位置に配置された液側開閉弁と、
前記ガス側管における前記バイパス管の接続位置よりも前記室内熱交換器側の位置に配置されたガス側開閉弁と、
をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記検知手段が前記冷媒の漏洩を検知した場合に、前記圧縮機を運転し、前記ヒートポンプ式冷凍サイクルにおける前記冷媒の流れを前記冷房時の流れに設定し、前記第１電動膨張弁を所定開度に設定し、前記第２電動膨張弁を全開し、かつ前記液側開閉弁および前記ガス側開閉弁を開放することにより前記冷媒回収運転を開始し、この開始から一定時間ｔ１後に前記液側開閉弁を閉成し、この液側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ２後に前記ガス側開閉弁を閉成し、このガス側開閉弁の閉成から一定時間ｔ３後に前記圧縮機を停止し、この停止に伴い前記第１電動膨張弁を全開することにより前記冷媒回収運転を終了する、
ことを特徴とする請求項６に記載の冷凍サイクル装置。A liquid side on-off valve disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger than a connection position of the bypass pipe in the liquid side pipe;
A gas-side on-off valve disposed at a position closer to the indoor heat exchanger than a connection position of the bypass pipe in the gas-side pipe;
Further comprising
The control means operates the compressor when the detection means detects leakage of the refrigerant, sets the flow of the refrigerant in the heat pump refrigeration cycle to the flow during cooling, and the first electric motor The refrigerant recovery operation is started by setting the expansion valve to a predetermined opening, fully opening the second electric expansion valve, and opening the liquid side on-off valve and the gas side on-off valve. The liquid side on / off valve is closed after t1, the gas side on / off valve is closed after a predetermined time t2 from the closing of the liquid side on / off valve, and the compression is performed after a predetermined time t3 from the closing of the gas side on / off valve. Stop the machine, and complete the refrigerant recovery operation by fully opening the first electric expansion valve with the stop,
The refrigeration cycle apparatus according to claim 6.
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