JPWO2016199791A1 - リアクタ - Google Patents
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- JPWO2016199791A1 JPWO2016199791A1 JP2017523660A JP2017523660A JPWO2016199791A1 JP WO2016199791 A1 JPWO2016199791 A1 JP WO2016199791A1 JP 2017523660 A JP2017523660 A JP 2017523660A JP 2017523660 A JP2017523660 A JP 2017523660A JP WO2016199791 A1 JPWO2016199791 A1 JP WO2016199791A1
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Abstract
Description
CH4 + CO2 → 2H2 + 2CO ・・・化学式(2)
後者の反応(発熱反応)の例としては、例えば、後記の化学式(3)に示すシフト反応、後記の化学式(4)に示すメタネーション反応、後記の化学式(5)に示すフィッシャー-トロプシュ(Fischer tropsch)合成反応等が挙げられる。
CO + 3H2 → CH4 + H2O ・・・化学式(4)
(2n+1)H2 + nCO → CnH2n+2 + nH2O ・・・化学式(5)
なお、原料流体Mの反応は、メタンのスチーム改質反応等に限定されるものでなく、アセチル化反応、付加反応、アルキル化反応、脱アルキル化反応、水素脱アルキル化反応、還元性アルキル化反応、アミン化反応、芳香族化反応、アリール化反応、自熱式改質反応、カルボニル化反応、脱カルボニル化反応、還元性カルボニル化反応、カルボキシル化反応、還元性カルボキシル化反応、還元性カップリング反応、縮合反応、分解(クラッキング)反応、水素分解反応、環化反応、シクロオリゴマー化反応、脱ハロゲン化反応、二量体化反応、エポキシ化反応、エステル化反応、交換反応、ハロゲン化反応、水素ハロゲン化反応、同族体形成反応、水和反応、脱水反応、水素化反応、脱水素化反応、水素カルボキシル化反応、水素ホルミル化反応、水添分解反応、水素金属化反応、ヒドロシリル化反応、加水分解反応、水素化処理反応、異性体化反応、メチル化反応、脱メチル化反応、置換反応、ニトロ化反応、酸化反応、部分酸化反応、重合反応、還元反応、逆水性ガスシフト反応、スルホン化反応、短鎖重合反応、エステル交換反応、及び三量体化反応であっても構わない。
原料供給源から第1原料供給ポート57を経由して第1原料導入チャンバ55内(プレリアクタコア29側)に原料流体Mを供給することにより、原料流体Mが各プレ反応流路37内に導入される。各プレ反応流路37内に導入された原料流体Mは、各プレ反応流路37内を紙面右方向に向かって流通し、各原料導出口39から原料排出チャンバ59内へ導出する。続いて、原料排出チャンバ59内へ導出された原料流体Mは、原料排出ポート61、連絡部材67、及び第2原料供給ポート65を経由して、第2原料導入チャンバ63内に供給される。
一方、前述のように、第1原料導入チャンバ55内に供給された原料流体Mは、各プレ反応流路37内に導入され、各プレ反応流路37内を紙面右方向に向かって流通する。また、各メイン反応流路11から導出された生成物Pは、各プレ温調流路43に導入され、各プレ温調流路43内を紙面左方向に向かって流通する。すると、各プレ反応流路37内の原料流体Mと対応するプレ温調流路43内の熱媒体HCとしての生成物Pとの間で熱交換が行われ、プレリアクタコア29内において原料流体Mを予熱しかつ生成物Pを冷却することができる。これにより、各プレ触媒部材51に担持された触媒の反応促進作用も相まって、原料流体Mの一部を先立って反応させると共に、生成物Pの温度を低下させることができる。
図9Bに示すように、他の実施形態に係るリアクタ1Aの構成のうち、前述の実施形態に係るリアクタ1(図1及び図9A等参照)の構成と異なる点について簡単に説明する。
Claims (13)
- 原料流体と熱媒体との間の熱交換によって、原料流体を反応させて、生成物を生成するリアクタであって、
原料流体を流通させるメイン反応流路と、前記メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体を流通させるメイン温調流路とを有するメインリアクタコアと、
出口側が前記メイン反応流路の入口側に連通しかつ原料流体を流通させるプレ反応流路と、入口側が前記メイン反応流路の出口側に連通しかつ前記プレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向に沿って熱媒体としての生成物を流通させるプレ温調流路とを有するプレリアクタコアと、
を具備するリアクタ。 - 前記プレ反応流路の出口側と前記メイン反応流路の入口側とを接続する連絡部材を具備する、請求項1に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記メイン反応流路の出口側と前記プレ温調流路の入口側とを接続する連絡部材を具備する、請求項1に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記プレ温調流路の入口側は、前記メイン反応流路の出口側に直結している、請求項2に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記プレ反応流路の出口側は、前記メイン反応流路の入口側に直結している、請求項3に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記メインリアクタコアは、
前記メイン反応流路が形成されたメイン反応構造体と、
前記メイン反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記メイン温調流路が形成されたメイン温調構造体と、を備え、
前記プレリアクタコアは、
前記プレ反応流路が形成されたプレ反応構造体と、
前記プレ反応構造体と交互に積層され、前記プレ温調流路が形成されたプレ温調構造体と、を備えている、請求項1から請求項5のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。 - 前記メイン反応流路内及び前記プレ反応流路内に、原料流体の反応を促進する触媒がそれぞれ担持されている、請求項1から請求項6のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記メイン反応流路内に、前記触媒を担持したメイン触媒部材が着脱可能に設けられ、
前記プレ反応流路内に、前記触媒を担持したプレ触媒部材が着脱可能に設けられている、請求項7に記載のリアクタ。 - 前記メイン温調流路内に、メインフィンが着脱可能に設けられ、
前記プレ温調流路内に、プレフィンが着脱可能に設けられている、請求項1から請求項8のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。 - 前記メイン温調流路に供給される熱媒体の流量又は温度を調節する熱媒調整器を具備する、請求項1から請求項9のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記プレリアクタコアは、前記メインリアクタコアに分離可能に一体化されている、請求項1から請求項10のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記メイン温調流路は、前記メイン反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向と逆方向又は同方向に向かって熱媒体を流通させる、請求項1から請求項11のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。
- 前記プレ温調流路は、前記プレ反応流路内の原料流体の流れ方向と逆方向又は同方向に向かって熱媒体としての生成物を流通させる、請求項1から請求項12のうちのいずれか1項に記載のリアクタ。
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