JPWO2016159028A1 - 合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス - Google Patents
合わせガラス用中間膜及び合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
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- JPWO2016159028A1 JPWO2016159028A1 JP2016520180A JP2016520180A JPWO2016159028A1 JP WO2016159028 A1 JPWO2016159028 A1 JP WO2016159028A1 JP 2016520180 A JP2016520180 A JP 2016520180A JP 2016520180 A JP2016520180 A JP 2016520180A JP WO2016159028 A1 JPWO2016159028 A1 JP WO2016159028A1
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- laminated glass
- intermediate film
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- mol
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- VUQZRJSZSGLANF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexanoic acid;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O VUQZRJSZSGLANF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
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- B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
- B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
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- B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
- B32B17/10678—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer comprising UV absorbers or stabilizers, e.g. antioxidants
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Abstract
Description
一次イオンスキャン範囲(測定領域):500μm×500μm
二次イオン検出モード:positive
スキャン数:3scan/cycle
(帯電補正としてフラットガンを使用)
スパッタイオン:C60+イオン(1nA,20keV)
スパッタリング領域:800μm×800μm
上記第1の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂(1)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂(2)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、熱可塑性樹脂(以下、熱可塑性樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましく、熱可塑性樹脂(3)として、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(以下、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)と上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよいが、遮音性がより一層高くなることから、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)は、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)と異なっていることが好ましい。上記熱可塑性樹脂(2)と上記熱可塑性樹脂(3)とは、同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(1)、上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(2)及び上記ポリビニルアセタール樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。上記熱可塑性樹脂(2)及び上記熱可塑性樹脂(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層(単層の中間膜を含む)は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(1)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(2)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、可塑剤(以下、可塑剤(3)と記載することがある)を含むことが好ましい。可塑剤の使用により、またポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤との併用により、ポリビニルアセタール樹脂と可塑剤とを含む層の合わせガラス部材又は他の層に対する接着力が適度に高くなる。上記可塑剤は特に限定されない。上記可塑剤(1)と上記可塑剤(2)と上記可塑剤(3)とは同一であってもよく、異なっていてもよい。上記可塑剤(1)、上記可塑剤(2)及び上記可塑剤(3)はそれぞれ、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、遮熱性化合物を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱性化合物は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、フタロシアニン化合物、ナフタロシアニン化合物及びアントラシアニン化合物の内の少なくとも1種の成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記成分Xを含むことが好ましい。上記成分Xは遮熱性化合物である。上記成分Xは、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、上記遮熱粒子を含むことが好ましい。上記遮熱粒子は遮熱性化合物である。遮熱粒子の使用により、赤外線(熱線)を効果的に遮断できる。上記遮熱粒子は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜、中間膜の第1の表面に位置する表面層、及び中間膜の第2の表面に位置する表面層は、カリウムを含む化合物を含むことが好ましく、該カリウムを含む化合物はカリウム塩を含むことが好ましい。上記カリウム塩は特に限定されないが、炭素数が2〜16の有機酸のカリウム塩であることが好ましく、例えば、酢酸カリウム、プロピオン酸カリウム、2−エチルブタン酸カリウム及び2−エチルヘキサン酸カリウム等が挙げられる。中間膜がカリウム塩を含み、マグネシウム塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩を含まない場合は、ガラス板に対する中間膜の接着力を調整することは困難である。仮に、中間膜がカリウム塩に加えて、マグネシウム塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩の内の少なくとも1種を含む場合であっても、ガラス板に対する中間膜の接着力を調整することは困難であることがある。しかしながら、上記第1の構成を備え、かつマグネシウム塩及びアルカリ土類金属塩の内の少なくとも1種を含むことにより、合わせガラスの耐湿性が高いだけでなく、ガラス板に対する中間膜の接着力を調整することができる。
上記中間膜は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、紫外線遮蔽剤を含むことが好ましい。紫外線遮蔽剤の使用により、中間膜及び合わせガラスが長期間使用されても、可視光線透過率がより一層低下し難くなる。上記紫外線遮蔽剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第1の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第2の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記第3の層は、酸化防止剤を含むことが好ましい。上記酸化防止剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記第1の層、上記第2の層及び上記第3の層はそれぞれ、必要に応じて、ケイ素、アルミニウム又はチタンを含むカップリング剤、分散剤、界面活性剤、難燃剤、帯電防止剤、顔料、染料、接着力調整剤、耐湿剤、蛍光増白剤及び赤外線吸収剤等の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。これらの添加剤は、1種のみが用いられてもよく、2種以上が併用されてもよい。
上記中間膜の厚みは特に限定されない。実用面の観点、並びに合わせガラスの耐貫通性を充分に高める観点からは、中間膜の厚みは、好ましくは0.1mm以上、より好ましくは0.25mm以上、好ましくは3mm以下、より好ましくは1.5mm以下である。中間膜の厚みが上記下限以上であると、合わせガラスの耐貫通性が高くなる。中間膜の厚みが上記上限以下であると、中間膜の透明性がより一層良好になる。
図3は、図1に示す合わせガラス用中間膜を用いた合わせガラスの一例を模式的に示す断面図である。
下記の表2に示すポリビニルアセタール樹脂を適宜用いた。用いたポリビニルアセタール樹脂では全て、アセタール化に、炭素数4のn−ブチルアルデヒドが用いられている。
3GO(トリエチレングリコールジ−2−エチルヘキサノエート)
酢酸カリウム
2−エチル酪酸マグネシウム
Tinuvin326(2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、BASF社製「Tinuvin326」)
BHT(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール)
中間膜を形成するための組成物の作製:
下記の表2に示す種類のポリビニルアセタール樹脂100重量部と、下記の表2に示す種類の可塑剤40重量部と、紫外線遮蔽剤(Tinuvin326)0.2重量部と、酢酸カリウムを得られる中間膜中でカリウムの含有量が50ppmとなる量と2−エチル酪酸マグネシウムを得られる中間膜中でマグネシウムの含有量が35ppmとなる量と、酸化防止剤(BHT)0.2重量部とを混合し、中間膜を形成するための組成物を得た。
中間膜を形成するための組成物を、押出機を用いて押出した。押出されたシートを20℃の水に30秒間浸漬させた後、130℃で30秒間アニール処理し、単層の中間膜(厚み760μm)を作製した。
洗浄及び乾燥した2つの透明フロートガラス(縦15cm×横15cm×厚さ2.5mm)を用意した。この2つのガラス板の間に、得られた中間膜を挟み込み、積層体を得た。得られた積層体をバック内に入れ、常温(23℃)で933.2hPaの減圧度にて、真空バッグ内の脱気を行った。続いて、脱気状態を維持したまま、真空バッグを100℃まで昇温し、温度が100℃まで到達した後20分間保持した。その後、真空バッグを自然冷却により冷却し、温度が30℃まで低下したことを確認し、圧力を大気圧に開放した。
実施例2〜4及び比較例1では、配合成分の種類及び含有量を下記の表2に示すように設定したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、単層の中間膜を作製した。得られた中間膜を用いて、実施例1と同様にして、中間膜を備えた合わせガラスを作製した。
(1)TOF−SIMS評価
TOF−SIMSを用いて、中間膜の第1の表面におけるカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂(ポリビニルアセタール樹脂)のイオン強度の比0を測定した。次に、比0を測定した上記第1の表面部分において、1回スパッタリングし、TOF−SIMSを用いて、カリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂(ポリビニルアセタール樹脂)のイオン強度の比を測定するスパッタリング及び測定工程をn回行い、n回目のスパッタリング及び測定のそれぞれにおけるn個のカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂(ポリビニルアセタール樹脂)のイオン強度の比nを測定した。測定条件は、上記した通りである。
得られた合わせガラスを80℃、及び湿度95%RHの環境下に2週間静置した後、合わせガラスの各周辺の中央部分からの白化距離をそれぞれ測定した。合わせガラスの各周辺の中央部分からの白化距離のうち、白化距離の最大値を評価した。
得られた中間膜を高湿下に放置して、含水率が0.3重量%である中間膜、含水率が0.5重量%である中間膜、及び含水率が0.7重量%である中間膜を得た。
1a…第1の表面
1b…第2の表面
2…第2の層
2a…外側の表面
3…第3の層
3a…外側の表面
11…中間膜
11’…中間膜部
11A…中間膜(第1の層)
11A’…中間膜部
11a…第1の表面
11b…第2の表面
21…第1の合わせガラス部材
22…第2の合わせガラス部材
31…合わせガラス
31A…合わせガラス
Claims (9)
- 1層の構造又は2層以上の構造を有し、
熱可塑性樹脂を含み、
マグネシウム塩、及びアルカリ土類金属塩の内の少なくとも1種を含み、
TOF−SIMSを用いて、中間膜の第1の表面におけるカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比0を測定した後、
比0を測定した前記第1の表面部分において、1回スパッタリングし、TOF−SIMSを用いて、カリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比を測定するスパッタリング及び測定工程をn回行い、n回目のスパッタリング及び測定のそれぞれにおけるn個のカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比nを測定したときに、
1≦n≦10の範囲内で測定される比1≦n≦10の10個の値の平均値1≦n≦10が、1≦n≦150の範囲内で測定される比1≦n≦150の150個の値の平均値1≦n≦150の1.1倍を超える、合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 1≦n≦10の範囲内で測定される比1≦n≦10の10個の値の平均値1≦n≦10が、51≦n≦60の範囲内で測定される比51≦n≦60の10個の値の平均値1≦n≦150の1.1倍以上である、請求項1に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 1≦n≦10の範囲内で測定される比1≦n≦10の10個の値の平均値1≦n≦10が、1≦n≦150の範囲内で測定される比1≦n≦150の150個の値の平均値1≦n≦150の1.25倍以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の表面に位置する表面層が、マグネシウムを含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の表面に位置する表面層におけるマグネシウムの含有量が50ppm未満である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記第1の表面に位置する表面層におけるカリウムの含有量が300ppm以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- 前記熱可塑性樹脂がポリビニルアセタール樹脂である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。
- TOF−SIMSを用いて、中間膜の第2の表面におけるカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比0を測定した後、
比0を測定した前記第2の表面部分において、1回スパッタリングし、TOF−SIMSを用いて、カリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比を測定するスパッタリング及び測定工程をm回行い、m回目のスパッタリング及び測定のそれぞれにおけるm個のカリウムのイオン強度/熱可塑性樹脂のイオン強度の比nを測定したときに、
1≦m≦10の範囲内で測定される比1≦m≦10の10個の値の平均値1≦m≦10が、1≦m≦150の範囲内で測定される比1≦m≦150の150個の値の平均値1≦m≦150の1.1倍を超える、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜。 - 第1の合わせガラス部材と、
第2の合わせガラス部材と、
前記第1の合わせガラス部材と前記第2の合わせガラス部材との間に配置された中間膜部とを備え、
前記中間膜部が、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の合わせガラス用中間膜を用いて形成されている、合わせガラス。
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