JPWO2014065423A1 - Oil reforming method and oil modifier used in the method - Google Patents

Abstract

An oil reforming method capable of improving the fluidity of oil such as plant and animal fats and other mineral oils as raw materials for biodiesel fuel by a low-cost and simple method, and an oil modifier used in the method provide. A heating step (S1) for heating the oil to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and an oil modifier containing a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent is added to the oil And a reforming step (S2 to S5) in which the temperature of the oil is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirred, and the fluidity of the oil is improved.

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil reforming method for improving fluidity of oil such as plant and animal fats and other mineral oils as raw materials for biodiesel fuel, and an oil modifier used in the method.

  In recent years, a carbon-neutral biodiesel fuel has attracted attention from the viewpoint of preventing global warming. Biodiesel fuel is made from fats and oils such as vegetable oils, animal fats and waste edible oils, and undergoes transesterification by reacting fats and methanol with an alkali catalyst such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide. After neutralizing by adding an acid, it is separated into fatty acid methyl ester and glycerin. The separated fatty acid methyl ester is washed with water to remove the catalyst, and further subjected to a distillation treatment to remove methanol to obtain biodiesel fuel.

  Since this washing process requires a large amount of water and a large amount of washing wastewater is discharged, the conventional method for producing biodiesel fuel has a problem that the load on the environment is large. A method for cleaning biodiesel fuel has been proposed for the purpose of reducing the amount of water used in this water washing treatment process and reducing the environmental load caused by washing wastewater by reusing washing water ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, in the process of producing biodiesel fuel, glycerin that is about 10% of the raw material fat is usually by-produced as a by-product. Since this glycerin is mixed with a catalyst, unconverted fatty acid, etc., the processing for recycling becomes complicated, and many glycerin by-products are accumulated in a warehouse without being recycled. As a method of easily recycling this glycerin by-product, the glycerin by-product is supplied to contaminated ground or contaminated groundwater contaminated with organic halogen compounds, and anaerobic microorganisms that inhabit the contaminated ground or contaminated groundwater are activated and contaminated. A recycling method for glycerin by-products that purifies the ground or contaminated groundwater in situ has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2009-13268 A JP 2009-262075 A

  As described above, the conventional method for producing biodiesel fuel not only has a large load on the environment because it is difficult to treat a large amount of washing wastewater, but also because there is no effective method of using glycerin byproducts. Disposal of glycerin by-product became difficult. For this reason, biodiesel fuel is effective in reducing carbon dioxide emissions from a carbon neutral point of view. However, there are problems in that the manufacturing cost is high and the diffusion is not progressing, and the burden on the environment in the manufacturing process is large. .

  Further, not only biodiesel fuel but also various oils such as mineral oil are required to improve fluidity.

  Therefore, the present invention uses an oil reforming method capable of improving the fluidity of oil such as plant and animal oils and other mineral oils as raw materials for biodiesel fuel by a low-cost and simple method, and used in the method. An oil modifier is provided.

  In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is an oil reforming method for improving the fluidity of oil, wherein the oil is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and the oil, A modification step of adding an oil modifier containing a silicon sol obtained by dissolving a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium in an acid solvent, and stirring while maintaining the temperature of the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil; and An oil reforming method is provided.

  Moreover, the oil reforming method of the present invention is characterized in that, in the reforming step, after adding an oil modifier, an acetic acid-containing liquid containing acetic acid is added to the oil.

  In the oil reforming method of the present invention, the acetic acid-containing liquid is food vinegar such as grain vinegar or fruit vinegar.

  The oil reforming method of the present invention is characterized in that the heating step warms the oil to 70 to 110 ° C.

  Further, the oil reforming method of the present invention is characterized in that the reforming step maintains the temperature of the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirs for 10 to 30 minutes, and then is left to cool. To do.

  Further, the present invention is an oil modifier used in the above oil reforming method, wherein a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance containing calcium is dissolved in a silicon sol dissolved in an acid solvent. An oil modifier is provided.

  The oil modifier of the present invention is characterized in that the silicon-containing solute is heat-treated at a temperature not higher than the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance.

  In the oil modifier of the present invention, the alkaline substance is made of calcium carbonate or lime.

  In the oil modifier of the present invention, the silicon-containing solute is composed of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, an intermediate product of cement, blast furnace slag, and coal ash.

  In the oil modifier of the present invention, the acid solvent is dilute hydrochloric acid.

  In the oil modifier of the present invention, the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride.

  The oil reforming method of the present invention is an oil reforming method for improving the fluidity of oil, wherein the oil is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and the oil contains silicon and calcium. An oil modifier containing a silicon sol obtained by dissolving a silicon-containing solute containing lysine in an acid solvent, and maintaining and stirring the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil component, The oil is reformed by the action of silicon or calcium on the heated oil, and the fluidity can be maintained even after the oil has cooled. This has the effect of improving the performance.

  In addition, the oil reforming method of the present invention can easily separate the impurities contained in the oil when the silicon sol is gelled, and the oil and water are separated by the separation action of silicon. The oil can be refined simultaneously with the oil reforming. That is, the oil reforming method of the present invention can perform oil reforming and refining at a low cost by a simple process even when waste cooking oil or the like is used as a raw material for biodiesel fuel.

  Further, in the oil reforming method of the present invention, in the reforming step, after adding an oil modifier, an acetic acid-containing liquid containing acetic acid is added to the oil, whereby acetic acid and calcium content react. Ionized calcium can be deposited and removed, and the oil can be easily mixed with liquid fuel such as light oil.

  The oil reforming method of the present invention is such that the acetic acid-containing liquid is food vinegar such as grain vinegar and fruit vinegar, and the vinegar is organic acid such as lactic acid, succinic acid, malic acid and citric acid in addition to acetic acid. And amino acids, esters, alcohols, saccharides and the like, the oil can be easily mixed with liquid fuel such as light oil.

  Further, in the oil reforming method of the present invention, silicon or calcium acts on the oil whose fluidity has been moderately improved in the heating step by the heating step heating the oil to 70 to 110 ° C. As a result, the oil is modified and the fluidity can be maintained even after the oil has cooled, and the low temperature fluidity of the oil can be improved.

  In the oil reforming method of the present invention, the reforming step maintains the temperature of the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirs for 10 to 30 minutes. While keeping the amount of energy for heating the oil small, the low temperature fluidity of the oil can be improved, and when the silicon sol gels by standing, the impurities contained in the oil are taken in and separated. There is an effect that can.

  The oil modifier of the present invention is an oil modifier used in the above oil reforming method, wherein a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance containing calcium is used as an acid solvent. Consisting of dissolved silicon sol, it contains abundant silicon and calcium, and the oil is modified by the action of silicon or calcium on the heated oil, and the fluidity is maintained even after the oil has cooled. It is possible to improve the fluidity of oil at a low cost by a simple process.

  Further, the oil modifier of the present invention can take in impurities contained in oil and easily separate when silicon sol is gelled, and oil and water are separated by the separation action of silicon. The oil can be refined simultaneously with the oil reforming.

  Further, the oil modifier of the present invention has an acid solvent because the silicon-containing solute has an excellent acid solubility because the silicon-containing solute has been heat-treated at a temperature below the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance. It is possible to produce a stable silicon sol by being dissolved in the solution, and there is an effect that it can be stored for a long time.

  Moreover, since the silicon-containing solute becomes powdery because the alkaline substance is made of calcium carbonate or lime, the oil modifier of the present invention can improve the solubility in an acid solvent. Moreover, since this oil modifier contains abundant silicon and calcium, there is an effect that silicon or calcium acts on the oil to modify various oils.

  Further, the oil modifier of the present invention is heat-treated by the silicon-containing solute being composed of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediates, blast furnace slag, and coal ash. The silicon-containing solute can be dissolved in an acid solvent to produce an oil modifier containing silicon sol. In particular, since cement, cement intermediate products, and blast furnace slag contain abundant calcium, there is an effect that silicon or calcium acts on the oil to modify various oils.

In addition, the oil modifier of the present invention is a safe and non-toxic oil modifier because the acid solvent is made of dilute hydrochloric acid, so that hydrochloric acid has high calcium solubility and becomes neutralized to calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ). There is an effect that can be generated.

  Moreover, the oil modifier of the present invention comprises a gelation inhibitor, wherein the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride. Since the gelation of the silicon sol can be suppressed and a stable sol state can be maintained for a long period of time, the oil modifier can be easily stored and transported.

The flowchart which shows one Example of the oil reforming method of this invention. The photograph which shows the state which modified oil. The flowchart which shows one Example of the oil separation method of POME. The block diagram which shows one Example of the oil separation apparatus of POME.

  The oil reforming method of the present invention includes a heating step (S1) for heating oil to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and silicon in which a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent. An oil modifier containing a sol, and a reforming step (S2 to S5) in which the temperature of the oil is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirred, thereby improving the fluidity of the oil Let

  The oil reforming method preferably includes a step (S4) of adding an acetic acid-containing liquid containing acetic acid to the oil after the oil modifier is added (S2) in the reforming step. The reforming step preferably includes a step (S5) of maintaining the temperature of the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirring for a predetermined time, and then allowing to stand and cool.

The oil modifier is composed of a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance is dissolved in an acid solvent. The silicon-containing material is a natural earth or rock containing a silicon compound such as silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), or a processed product containing them. As the silicon-containing substance, for example, as shown in Table 1, Ibube white clay (earth in Okinawa Ibube region) having a high silicon dioxide content can be used.

The alkaline material is mixed to change the silicon-containing material to acid solubility. For example, calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) or lime as an alkaline substance is mixed with a silicon-containing substance and heat treated. Thereby, the generated silicon-containing solute becomes powdery and the solubility in an acid solvent is improved. If this heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing material, the silicon-containing solute becomes glassy and the solubility in an acid solvent is reduced. Is preferred. When heat treatment is performed by mixing silicon and lime, the heat treatment is performed by baking at a temperature (1300 ° C. to 1400 ° C.) below the melting point of silicon (1412 ° C.). In addition, when the silicon-containing material is Ibube white clay shown in Table 1 (earth in Okinawa Ibube region), it may be baked at an arbitrary temperature of about 1300 ° C. or less, which is the thermal melting point of Ibube white clay. Heat treatment is preferably performed at 1150 ° C. to 1250 ° C. close to the thermal melting point.

  When heat-treating a silicon-containing substance, it is preferable that silicon and calcium are mixed in a weight ratio of about 4: 6. When the ratio of silicon to calcium is large, the generated silicon-containing solute does not become powdery, so that the solubility in an acid solvent decreases. The oil modifier preferably has a silicon content ratio close to 4: 6 in terms of the weight ratio of silicon and calcium in order to enhance the oil reforming action.

  As the silicon-containing solute, a product obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance such as cement, an intermediate product of cement, blast furnace slag, coal ash, or the like can be used. As the silicon-containing solute, ordinary cement (Portland cement), which is easily available, can be used. However, the content of silicon is obtained by mixing a natural siliceous mixture containing 60% or more of silicon dioxide with Portland cement. It is preferable to use silica cement with increased The silicon-containing solute may be used by mixing two or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediate products, blast furnace slag, and coal ash.

  Moreover, what baked the carbide slurry which has calcium hydroxide as a main component and contains silicon dioxide at 800 to 1300 degreeC may be used for a silicon-containing solute.

As the acid solvent, various acid solutions such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid can be used. Of these, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is highly soluble in calcium and, when neutralized, becomes calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) and is safe and non-toxic. Therefore, hydrochloric acid is preferably used as the acid solvent. Further, since the solubility of silicon with respect to the acid concentration is constant and the density of the silicon sol dispersed in the liquid volume can only be kept stable in a constant water gap, diluted hydrochloric acid diluted with hydrochloric acid as an acid solvent. Is preferably used.

The acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid (C ₂ H ₄ O ₂ ), ammonium acetate (CH ₃ COONH ₄ ), and ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl). Preferably there is. By containing acetic acid as a gelation inhibitor, the acid solvent can suppress the gelation of silicon sol by adjusting the amount of acetic acid added due to the pH buffering action of acetic acid and the convergence of sol and colloid. . Moreover, gelation of the silicon sol can be suppressed similarly to acetic acid by a mixed acid obtained by adding ammonium acetate or ammonium chloride to dilute hydrochloric acid.

  In the oil reforming method of the present invention, the heating step preferably heats the oil to 70 to 110 ° C., and the reforming step is stirred for 10 to 30 minutes while maintaining the oil temperature at 70 to 110 ° C. After that, it is preferable to stand and cool. In the oil reforming method of the present invention, the oil is reformed by the action of silicon or calcium on the oil whose fluidity is moderately improved in the heating step, and the fluidity is improved even after the oil has cooled. It can be maintained and the low temperature fluidity of the oil can be improved.

  In addition, the oil reforming method of the present invention is capable of low-temperature fluidizing oils and fats used as a raw material for biodiesel fuel by acting on oil molecules in which an oil modifier containing silicon sol is fluidized, and mineral oil. The frictional resistance such as can be reduced.

  Next, an oil reforming method using oils and fats such as vegetable oils, animal oils and waste edible oils as raw materials, and purifying biodiesel fuel by fluidizing these oils and oils at low temperature without performing transesterification will be described.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the oil reforming method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a photograph showing a state where the oil is modified.

  This oil reforming method includes a step (S1) of heating fat collected from palm oil drainage or the like to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the fat, and the fat and oil mixed with an alkaline substance containing silicon-containing material and calcium. And a step (S2) of adding an oil modifier composed of a silicon sol obtained by dissolving the heat-treated silicon-containing solute in an acid solvent, and a step (S3) of stirring while maintaining the temperature of the oil or fat. This oil reforming method is a step of adding an acetic acid-containing liquid (for example, food vinegar) containing acetic acid to fats and oils during the stirring step (S3) or in the cooling step (S5) after the stirring step (S4). ).

  In the examples, the oil modifier is prepared by dissolving silica cement having a high silicon content (4: 6 by weight ratio of silicon and calcium) in 33% hydrochloric acid (HCl) until saturated, and further adding acetic acid. Added. The oil modifier is diluted 10 to 20 times with water before being added to the oil or fat as a raw material so as to be easily diffused in the oil.

  As the oil modifier, silica cement can be dissolved in a short time, so that high concentration hydrochloric acid is preferably used, but low concentration hydrochloric acid may be used. When using low-concentration hydrochloric acid, reduce the dilution factor. In view of long-term storage, the oil modifier is preferably prepared by dissolving silica cement with high-concentration hydrochloric acid and adding an organic acid such as acetic acid. In addition, an oil modifier is not restricted to the structure of an Example.

  Oils and fats recovered from palm oil drainage liquid are in a solid state at room temperature (28 ° C.) because they contain palmitic acid, stearic acid, and myristic acid having a high melting point. In this fat / oil, the fat / oil is heated to a temperature (80 to 90 ° C.) that is equal to or higher than the melting point (about 70 ° C.) of stearic acid having the highest melting point, so that the fat / oil is completely melted. While maintaining the temperature of the oil and fat, a modifier having a weight ratio of 5 to 10% is added to the oil and fat, and the mixture is stirred for about 10 to 15 minutes.

  In the oil and fat cooling process, 5 to 10% by weight of vinegar is added to the oil and fat and stirred. Vinegar contains about 3 to 5% acetic acid, and also contains organic acids such as lactic acid, succinic acid, malic acid and citric acid, amino acids, esters, alcohols, saccharides and the like. Common vinegar can be used as the vinegar, for example, grain vinegar such as rice vinegar, fruit vinegar such as apple vinegar and pineapple vinegar, sugarcane vinegar, coconut vinegar, and other plant vinegar. In addition, you may add vinegar in the middle of a stirring process (S3).

  FIG. 2 shows a state where biodiesel fuel is refined by adding vinegar to the oil and fat, stirring the mixture, and then allowing it to stand. The oil reforming method of the present invention takes in and precipitates impurities contained in oil when the silicon sol is gelled, and separates oil and moisture by the separating action of silicon, so that the water is collected downward and the oil content is reduced. Floating upwards. In the oil reforming method of the present invention, acetic acid contained in vinegar reacts with calcium to precipitate ionized calcium and precipitate it. In FIG. 2, the lower cloudy liquid is water containing calcium.

  In FIG. 2, the upper translucent liquid is an oil that has been modified by an oil modifier containing silicon sol and from which impurities have been removed, and can be used as a biodiesel fuel. This modified fat / oil maintains a liquid state at room temperature even after cooling.

By this oil reforming method, the fat and oil recovered from the solid palm oil effluent was fluidized at a low temperature and kept in a liquid state up to about 15 ° C., and the solidification temperature was lowered. Moreover, by adding vinegar to fats and oils, the fats and oils fluidized at low temperature can be easily mixed with liquid fuels such as light oil, and can be used as biodiesel fuel. Even if biodiesel fuel obtained by reforming this palm oil drainage is mixed with light oil by several percent to tens of percent, there is no significant change in the characteristics of light oil and it is used in the same way as normal fuel oil. can do.
[Method of recovering oil from palm oil drainage]

  An oil separation method for separating oil from palm oil drainage (POME) generated during the production of palm oil as a raw material for biodiesel fuel will be described.

  Palm oil squeezed from the fruit of oil palm (scientific name: Elaeis guineeeensis) contains active ingredients such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and is used for soap, edible, candle, cosmetics, etc. Has been. Palm oil drainage discharged in the manufacturing process of such palm oil contains as much as 10 to 20% of oil, and the fruit buds after squeezing the oil and the residual water when the fruit is steamed are mixed. Together, it is a mixed state of emulsified oil, water and sludge. Moreover, since the oil content in the drainage is solidified at about 30 ° C. or less, it is difficult to treat the palm oil drainage.

  FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the POME oil separation method. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a POME oil separator.

  In FIG. 4, 1 is a treatment tank, a melting means for melting water by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drain to the palm oil drain, and in the liquid in which the oil is melted. And an oil / water separating agent to separate the oil, water and solids. Reference numeral 2 denotes a hot water tank, which corresponds to the melting means. The hot water tank 2 is provided with means for heating water added to the treatment tank 1 to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage and putting it into the treatment tank 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a dilution tank, which corresponds to the separation means. The dilution tank 3 is provided with means for adding and diluting water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage before adding the oil / water separating agent to the treatment tank 1 and putting it into the treatment tank 1. Yes.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes palm oil drainage input means, which is provided with means for supplying the drainage discharged from the oil mill or the drainage left in the open lagoon to the treatment tank 1. 5 is an oil component recovery means, and includes means for recovering oil components separated from light oil to heavy oil in order from the top, separated from palm oil drainage. 6 is a moisture collecting means, and 7 is a sludge collecting means.

  The palm oil drainage input means 4 separates the palm oil drainage into oil, moisture and solids in the treatment tank 1 and collects all of them, and then inputs a new palm oil drainage. The oil content recovery means 5 includes, for example, an oil discharge port above the processing tank 1 and a means for gradually inflating a balloon submerged in the processing tank 1, and recovers by oil type by adjusting the expansion of the balloon. It is possible to do. The oil recovery means 5 can be recovered for each oil type by adjusting the height of the oil discharge port provided above the processing tank 1, and is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

  The moisture recovery means 6 includes means for recovering the waste water after separating the oil from the palm oil drainage. In the case of the illustrated embodiment, the water recovery means 6 includes means for supplying the recovered wastewater to the hot water tank 2 and reusing it. Further, the moisture recovery means 6 may be configured to be provided with a filtration membrane in order to reliably separate sludge in the waste water. The sludge recovery means 7 includes means for recovering sludge precipitated in the treatment tank 1 and means for recovering sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer. Various known means can be used as the sludge collecting means 7.

  Next, a POME oil separation method will be described with reference to FIG.

  Since the oil contained in the palm oil drainage begins to melt at 24 ° C. to 30 ° C., water of 30 ° C. or more and the palm oil drainage to be treated are put into the treatment tank 1 and stirred (S11). Since most of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage melts at 40 ° C. or higher, the temperature of water added to the treatment tank 1 is preferably as high as possible. However, if the temperature of the water becomes too high, the amount of energy required for the treatment Therefore, it is most preferable that the water in the hot water tank 2 is heated to 37 to 38 ° C. The amount of water added to the treatment tank 1 varies depending on the ratio of oil and sludge contained in the palm oil drainage to be treated, but in the embodiment, 6 to 13 times as much water as the palm oil drainage to be treated is used. doing. When the amount of sludge contained in the palm oil drainage is large, the amount of water added to the palm oil drainage is increased.

  Palm oil drainage contains several types of oil, and the melting temperature of the oil varies depending on the type. Although the temperature of the water added to the processing tank 1 needs to be higher than the lowest melting temperature among the various melting temperatures, it does not necessarily need to be higher than the highest melting temperature. In the oil separation method of the present invention, most of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage melts, whereby the solid oil is also separated. When multiple oil types are included in this solid oil component, the water temperature in the hot water tank 2 can be set higher, and the solid oil component can be separated and recovered by oil type. become.

  The dilution tank 3 dilutes the water having the same temperature as the water added to the treatment tank in S11 by adding it to the oil / water separator (S12). As the oil / water separator, the same oil modifier as described above can be used. In the examples, the oil-water separator was prepared by dissolving silica cement having a high silicon content (4: 6 by weight of silicon and calcium) until saturated with 33% hydrochloric acid (HCl), and adding acetic acid. It is. The dilution tank 3 dilutes the oil / water separator 10 times to 20 times.

  If it leaves still about 5 to 10 minutes after stirring of S11, the inside of the processing tank 1 will be roughly divided into an oil layer and a water layer (S13). In this state, sludge and water are mixed in the oil layer, and sludge and oil are mixed in the water layer. In this state, the dilution tank 3 disperses the diluted oil / water separating agent throughout the treatment tank 1 and sprays it on an average. The amount of the oil / water separating agent added to the treatment tank 1 is about 1/1000 relative to the palm oil drainage to be treated. The separating means waits for the sprayed oil / water separating agent to permeate into the oil layer, and slowly agitates and mixes the entire processing tank 1 (S14).

  If the mixture is allowed to stand after stirring in S14, the oil and water are separated and the oil is floated, and the water mixed in the oil is dropped as water droplets. This phenomenon occurs because the interface between the oil and water becomes inactive due to the inactive (demulsifying) action of the silicon sol contained in the oil / water separating agent. It is thought that it will fall. At this time, impurities mixed with moisture in the oil layer are also separated, and the impurities are aggregated and removed by the aggregating action when the silicon sol is gelled. Further, even in the oil layer, the interface for each oil type becomes inactive such as light oil and heavy oil due to the interface inactive (demulsification) action of the silicon sol, and the oil sol is separated into oil types. The oil layer is divided from light oil having a low specific gravity to heavy oil having a high specific gravity in order from the top (S15).

  The oil component recovery means 5 gradually inflates the balloon that has been sunk in the treatment tank 1, and collects the light oil in order from the light oil (S16). The moisture recovery means 6 recovers the waste water after recovering the oil from the treatment tank 1 (S17). A part of the collected waste water is sent to the hot water tank 2 and heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage (S19).

  The sludge collecting means 7 collects the sludge remaining in the treatment tank 1 after collecting the waste water (S18). When the sludge settled in the treatment tank 1 and the sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer are collected separately, the sludge collecting means 7 removes the sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer after S16. to recover.

  In this oil reforming method, waste edible oil (for example, a mixture of rapeseed oil and soybean oil used as tempura oil) or the like can be used as the fat. 1700 cc of this waste edible oil is heated to 95-105 ° C., 96 cc of oil modifier is added and stirred, and 1700 cc of oil can be kept in a liquid state up to about −5 ° C. Could be used as fuel. In this oil reforming method, an oil modifier may be added to the room temperature liquid oil before the heating step.

  In this oil reforming method, the object to be modified is not limited to vegetable oil, but may be animal oil or mineral oil. In addition, this oil reforming method can modify each fat and oil even if animal oil such as lard is mixed with waste cooking oil, and each fat and oil having different specific gravity due to the separation action of silicon. It can be separated and recovered.

  This oil reforming method can also be used for reforming paraffin (wax), heavy oil (Olinoko crude oil), sand oil, oil shell, etc., and heavy oil is fluidized at low temperature to light oil. be able to. In addition, the oil reforming method of the present invention is combined with the oil separation method described above, and even when oil is contained in a solid substance such as oil sand, the oil is melted and the solid is agglomerated and separated to obtain an oil component. Can be separated and recovered, and the recovered oil can be reformed and fluidized at a low temperature.

  The oil reforming method of the present invention is not limited to fuel oil, and may be used for reforming lubricating oil such as engine oil, compressor oil used in refrigerators and air conditioners. This oil reforming method includes a heating step of heating oil to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil component, and an oil reforming comprising a silicon sol obtained by dissolving a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium in an acid solvent. And a reforming step of stirring while maintaining the temperature of the oil at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and reducing the frictional resistance of the oil.

  In this oil reforming method, in the heating step, the oil is heated to about 90 ° C., and an oil modifier is added to the oil. Other configurations are the same as in the above embodiment. The modified oil can maintain fluidity while maintaining an appropriate viscosity, reduce frictional resistance, and greatly reduce energy loss.

  The present invention relates to an oil reforming method capable of improving the fluidity of oil such as plant oil, animal fats and other mineral oils as raw materials for biodiesel fuel by a low cost and simple method, and oil used in the method It is useful as a modifier.

Claims (11)

An oil reforming method for improving the fluidity of oil,
A heating step of heating the oil to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil;
An oil modifier containing a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent is added to the oil, and the temperature of the oil is maintained at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and stirred. And an oil reforming method.   The oil reforming method according to claim 1, wherein an acetic acid-containing liquid containing acetic acid is added to the oil after adding an oil modifier in the reforming step.   The oil reforming method according to claim 2, wherein the acetic acid-containing liquid is food vinegar such as grain vinegar or fruit vinegar.   The oil reforming method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the heating step heats the oil to 70 to 110 ° C.   The said modification | reformation process maintains the temperature of the said oil higher than the melting temperature of an oil component, and after stirring for 10 to 30 minutes, it leaves still and cools. The oil reforming method according to item. An oil modifier used in the oil reforming method according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An oil modifier comprising a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance containing calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent.   The oil modifier according to claim 6, wherein the silicon-containing solute is heat-treated at a temperature equal to or lower than a thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance.   The oil modifier according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the alkaline substance comprises calcium carbonate or lime.   The oil modifier according to claim 6, wherein the silicon-containing solute comprises one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediates, blast furnace slag, and coal ash.   The oil modifier according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein the acid solvent comprises dilute hydrochloric acid.   The oil modifier according to any one of claims 6 to 10, wherein the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride.

Images