JP5610498B2 - Oil separation method, oil / water separation agent and oil separation apparatus used in the method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an oil separation method for separating oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil, an oil-water separation agent and an oil separation device used in the method.

  Oils are contained in vegetable oil effluent discharged during the production process of various vegetable oils and washing wastewater in the production process of biodiesel fuel, making it difficult to treat the waste water. In particular, palm oil drainage (POME: Palm Oil Mill Effect) generated in the process of producing palm oil squeezed from oil palm fruit contains oil that has a very high suspended solids (SS) concentration and is difficult to treat wastewater. Known as high concentration organic wastewater.

  Oil palm fruit contains a lipolytic enzyme called lipase. This lipase begins to break down oil from the moment the oil palm fruit is harvested, so free fatty acids increase when lipolysis begins after harvest. Fruits are classified according to the content of free fatty acids, and the lower the proportion of free fatty acids, the higher the quality of the oil. Therefore, oil palm fruits must be steamed at 55 ° C. or higher immediately after harvest to inactivate the lipase enzyme that breaks down the oil. Thus, since the quality of the oil palm fruit falls if it is not squeezed within 24 hours, the squeezing factory needs to be added to the palm garden. Fruits harvested from oil palm are steamed with steam and softened, and then a liquid component containing palm oil is squeezed by a screw press. After the sludge is removed, the juice is stored in a sedimentation tank and separated into oil and drainage. In the squeezing factory, about 7.7 t of drainage is discharged with respect to 10 t of squeezed juice, and the drainage contains 10% or more of oil.

  Conventionally, most of the palm oil effluent has been treated by the anaerobic lagoon method, methane gas generated in the treatment process is released into the atmosphere, and treated water is discharged into the river. In the biological wastewater treatment method in which this palm oil drainage is biologically treated in a biological treatment tank, ash generated by burning a by-product (biomass) generated in the production process of palm oil is added to the palm oil drainage, It is known to perform a high-load operation in a biological treatment tank (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

  Further, as a method for treating palm oil drainage, it is also known to collect oil contained in the drainage by a centrifuge (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2011-50910 A JP-A-8-257545 (paragraph [0015])

  As described above, it is necessary to install an oil mill in the palm garden. Therefore, it is difficult to install a drainage treatment facility such as a biological treatment tank or a centrifuge for each oil mill. Therefore, palm oil drainage is processed by creating a large pond called an open lagoon near the oil mill and storing the drainage there. However, this wastewater treatment method requires vast land to make a pond and not only generates bad odor due to decay in the decomposition process of the pond, but also generates methane gas, which is a greenhouse gas. There are various environmental problems. In addition, even the drained liquid after being decomposed in the pond often does not meet the environmental standards that can be discharged into the river, which causes river pollution and the like.

  In addition, the anaerobic lagoon method takes time to process, so it is unable to cope with the production of palm oil that increases year by year, and the effluent remains in the open lagoon. Furthermore, with the expansion of the Palm Garden, logging of the rainforest has become a problem, and an improvement in the oil recovery rate from the juice is required.

  Therefore, the present invention is used in an oil separation method for reliably separating oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil such as palm oil drainage that has been disposed of up to now by a simple method at low cost. An oil / water separator and an oil separator are provided.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention provides an oil separation method for separating an oil component from an oil-containing substance containing an oil component, wherein water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil component is added to the oil-containing substance, and An oil having a melting step for melting an oil component, and a separation step for adding an oil / water separating agent containing a silicon sol that gels by dilution into a liquid in which the oil component is melted to separate the oil component into moisture, water, and solids A separation method is provided.

  Moreover, the oil separation method of the present invention is characterized in that the oil / water separating agent is diluted by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil to the silicon sol.

  The oil separation method of the present invention is characterized in that the water separated in the separation step is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil and reused in the melting step.

  The oil separation method of the present invention is characterized in that the oil-containing substance is a vegetable oil drainage.

  Moreover, the oil separation method of the present invention is characterized in that the vegetable oil drainage is palm oil drainage (POME).

  The present invention also provides an oil / water separator used in the above oil separation method, wherein an oil / water separator comprising a silicon sol obtained by dissolving a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance in an acid solvent. It is to provide.

  Moreover, the oil-water separating agent of the present invention is characterized in that the silicon-containing solute is heat-treated at a temperature below the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance.

  In the oil / water separator of the present invention, the alkaline substance is composed of calcium carbonate or lime.

  In the oil / water separator of the present invention, the silicon-containing solute is composed of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediates, blast furnace slag, and coal ash.

  In the oil / water separating agent of the present invention, the acid solvent comprises dilute hydrochloric acid.

  In the oil / water separating agent of the present invention, the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride.

  Further, the present invention is an oil / water separation agent used in the above oil separation method, wherein a carbide slurry containing calcium hydroxide as a main component is calcined at 800 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and dissolved in an acid solution. An agent is provided.

  Further, the present invention is an oil separation device for separating an oil component from an oil-containing substance containing an oil component, the melting means for melting the oil component by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil component to the oil-containing substance And an oil / water separator containing a silicon sol that gels upon dilution in a liquid in which the oil is melted, and a separating means for separating the oil, water and solids into an oil separator It is.

  In addition, the oil separation device of the present invention is characterized by comprising recovery means for recovering the separated oil in order from the upper side.

  The oil separation method of the present invention is an oil separation method for separating oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil, and melts the oil by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil to the oil-containing substance. It has a melting step and a separation step in which an oil / water separating agent containing a silicon sol that gels by dilution is added to the liquid in which the oil is melted to separate the oil into water, water, and solids. Even when the oil-containing substance contains a large amount of sludge and the oil component is solid at room temperature, in the melting step, the solidified oil component can be melted to improve fluidity. In the separation step, the silicon sol is diluted with water to gel, and the sludge contained in the oil-containing material is agglomerated and separated along with the gelation, and the oil and water are separated by the separation action of silicon. Is further separated into light oil and heavy oil, so that the oil-containing substance can be separated into oil, water and solids.

  In the oil separation method of the present invention, the oil / water separating agent is diluted by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil to the silicon sol, so that the oil / water separating agent is contained in the liquid in the separation step. When is added, since the temperature of the liquid is not lowered, the oil can maintain a molten state with high fluidity. In addition, since the pre-diluted oil / water separating agent is easy to gel the silicon sol, when it is added to the liquid, it immediately dilutes and starts to gel, so it can be quickly separated into oil, water and solids. There is an effect that can.

  In addition, the oil separation method of the present invention is a method of heating water that has been separated in the separation step to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil, and reusing it in the melting step, thereby newly using water in the melting step. In addition, the amount of the oil / water separating agent contained in the water separated in the separation step can be reused, and the amount of the oil / water separating agent used can be reduced.

  In addition, the oil separation method of the present invention can recover the vegetable oil contained in the drainage because the oil-containing substance is a vegetable oil drainage, and does not require anaerobic treatment accompanied by generation of methane gas and malodor Therefore, the drainage process can be performed safely and reliably at low cost. Moreover, the drainage from which the oil has been removed has an effect that can be regenerated as plant fertilizer.

  In addition, the oil separation method of the present invention can easily and reliably recover the oil contained in the drainage by 10% or more, because the vegetable oil drainage is palm oil drainage (POME). High concentration organic wastewater with very high suspended solids concentration and difficult to treat wastewater can be treated safely and reliably at low cost. Palm oil drainage contains various organic compounds such as proteins, carbohydrates and amino acids, and inorganic components such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium. In addition to the compound and the inorganic component, silicon and the like contained in the oil / water separator are also contained, and therefore, there is an effect that it can be regenerated as a plant fertilizer.

  The oil / water separating agent of the present invention is an oil / water separating agent used in the above oil separation method, and comprises a silicon sol obtained by mixing a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance and heat-treating the silicon-containing solute in an acid solvent. By having a structure, when the silicon sol obtained by dissolving the heat-treated silicon-containing solute in an acid solvent is diluted with water and gelled, the sludge contained in the oil-containing substance is coagulated and separated along with the gelation, The oil and moisture are separated by the separating action of silicon, and the oil is further separated into light oil and heavy oil, so that the oil-containing substance can be separated into oil, moisture and solid.

  In addition, the oil-water separating agent of the present invention has an excellent acid solubility because the silicon-containing solute is heat-treated at a temperature below the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance. It can be dissolved to produce a stable silicon sol and can be stored for a long time.

  Moreover, since the silicon-containing solute becomes powdery when the alkaline substance is made of calcium carbonate or lime, the oil / water separating agent of the present invention can improve the solubility in an acid solvent. In addition, by using this oil / water separator, since the wastewater after treatment contains abundant calcium, there is an effect that this wastewater can be regenerated as an effective fertilizer for plants.

  Moreover, the oil-water separator of the present invention was heat-treated by the silicon-containing solute being composed of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediates, blast furnace slag, and coal ash. An oil-water separation agent containing a silicon sol can be produced by dissolving a silicon-containing solute in an acid solvent. In particular, cement, cement intermediate products, and blast furnace slag are rich in calcium and magnesium, which are essential inorganic components for plant fertilizers. There is an effect that it can be regenerated as an effective fertilizer.

In addition, the oil-water separator of the present invention produces a safe and non-toxic oil-water separator because the acid solvent is made of dilute hydrochloric acid, and hydrochloric acid has high calcium solubility and, when neutralized, becomes calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ). There is an effect that can.

  Moreover, the oil-water separating agent of the present invention is such that the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride, so that Since the gelation of the sol can be suppressed and a stable sol state can be maintained for a long period of time, there is an effect that the storage and transportation of the oil / water separating agent becomes easy.

  The oil / water separating agent of the present invention is an oil / water separating agent used in the above oil separation method, and a carbide slurry containing calcium hydroxide as a main component is calcined at 800 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and dissolved in an acid solution. The oil-water separation agent containing the silicon sol which gelatinizes by diluting can be obtained. In addition, by using this oil / water separator, since the wastewater after treatment contains abundant calcium, there is an effect that this wastewater can be regenerated as an effective fertilizer for plants.

  The oil separation device of the present invention is an oil separation device that separates oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil, and the water is added to the oil-containing substance by adding water at a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil. By having a melting means for melting, and a separating means for separating the oil, water, and solids by adding an oil / water separating agent containing a silicon sol that gels by dilution into the liquid in which the oil is melted, Even when the oil-containing substance to be treated contains a large amount of sludge and the oil component is solid at room temperature, the fluidity can be improved by melting the oil component solidified by the melting means. Then, in the separating means, the silicon sol is diluted with moisture to gel, and the sludge contained in the oil-containing substance is agglomerated and separated along with the gelation, and the oil and moisture are separated by the separation action of silicon. Is further separated into light oil and heavy oil, so that the oil-containing substance can be separated into oil, water and solids.

  In addition, the oil separation device of the present invention is provided with a recovery means for recovering the separated oil components in order from the upper side, so that it is possible to recover the oil components separated into light oil and heavy oil according to oil type. is there.

The flowchart which shows one Example of the oil separation method of this invention. The block diagram which shows one Example of the oil separation apparatus of this invention. A photograph showing the oil separation process. A photograph showing a state where oil is separated. A photograph showing a state where oil contained in a bandit has been separated.

  The oil separation method of the present invention includes a melting step in which water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil is added to an oil-containing substance containing the oil to melt the oil, and dilution into a liquid in which the oil is melted. And a separation step of adding an oil / water separating agent containing a silicon sol that gels to separate oil, water and solids.

The oil / water separating agent is composed of a silicon sol obtained by dissolving a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance in an acid solvent. The silicon-containing material is a natural earth or rock containing a silicon compound such as silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), or a processed product containing them. As the silicon-containing substance, for example, as shown in Table 1, Ibube white clay (earth in Okinawa Ibube region) having a high silicon dioxide content can be used.

The alkaline material is mixed to change the silicon-containing material to acid solubility. For example, calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) or lime as an alkaline substance is mixed with a silicon-containing substance and heat treated. Thereby, the generated silicon-containing solute becomes powdery and the solubility in an acid solvent is improved. If this heat treatment is performed at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal melting point of the silicon-containing material, the silicon-containing solute becomes glassy and the solubility in an acid solvent is reduced. Is preferred. When heat treatment is performed by mixing silicon and lime, the heat treatment is performed by baking at a temperature (1300 ° C. to 1400 ° C.) below the melting point of silicon (1412 ° C.). In addition, when the silicon-containing material is Ibube white clay shown in Table 1 (earth in Okinawa Ibube region), it may be baked at an arbitrary temperature of about 1300 ° C. or less, which is the thermal melting point of Ibube white clay. Heat treatment is preferably performed at 1150 ° C. to 1250 ° C. close to the thermal melting point.

  When heat-treating a silicon-containing substance, it is preferable that silicon and calcium are mixed in a weight ratio of about 4: 6. When the ratio of silicon to calcium is large, the generated silicon-containing solute does not become powdery, so that the solubility in an acid solvent decreases. The oil / water separator preferably has a silicon content ratio close to 4: 6 in terms of the weight ratio of silicon and calcium in order to enhance the oil separating action.

  As the silicon-containing solute, a product obtained by mixing and heat-treating a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance such as cement, an intermediate product of cement, blast furnace slag, coal ash, or the like can be used. As the silicon-containing solute, ordinary cement (Portland cement), which is easily available, can be used. However, the silicon content is obtained by mixing Portland cement with a natural siliceous mixture containing 60% or more of silicon dioxide. It is preferable to use silica cement with increased The silicon-containing solute may be used by mixing two or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, cement intermediate products, blast furnace slag, and coal ash.

  Moreover, what baked the carbide slurry which has calcium hydroxide as a main component and contains silicon dioxide at 800 to 1300 degreeC may be used for a silicon-containing solute.

As the acid solvent, various acid solutions such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid can be used. Of these, hydrochloric acid (HCl) is highly soluble in calcium and, when neutralized, becomes calcium chloride (CaCl ₂ ) and is safe and non-toxic. Therefore, hydrochloric acid is preferably used as the acid solvent. Further, since the solubility of silicon with respect to the acid concentration is constant and the density of the silicon sol dispersed in the liquid volume can only be kept stable in a constant water gap, diluted hydrochloric acid diluted with hydrochloric acid as an acid solvent. Is preferably used.

The acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid (C ₂ H ₄ O ₂ ), ammonium acetate (CH ₃ COONH ₄ ), and ammonium chloride (NH ₄ Cl). Preferably there is. By containing acetic acid as a gelation inhibitor, the acid solvent can suppress the gelation of silicon sol by adjusting the amount of acetic acid added due to the pH buffering action of acetic acid and the convergence of sol and colloid. . Moreover, gelation of the silicon sol can be suppressed similarly to acetic acid by a mixed acid obtained by adding ammonium acetate or ammonium chloride to dilute hydrochloric acid.

  The oil separation method which isolate | separates an oil component from the palm oil drainage (POME) which generate | occur | produces in the production process of palm oil as an oil-containing substance of a process target is demonstrated.

  Palm oil squeezed from the fruit of oil palm (scientific name: Elaeis guineeeensis) contains active ingredients such as myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, and is used for soap, edible, candle, cosmetics, etc. Has been.

  Palm oil drainage discharged in the manufacturing process of such palm oil contains as much as 10 to 20% of oil, and the fruit buds after squeezing the oil and the residual water when the fruit is steamed are mixed. Together, it is a mixed state of emulsified oil, water and sludge. Moreover, since the oil content in the drainage is solidified at about 30 ° C. or less, it is difficult to treat the palm oil drainage. For this reason, palm oil drainage contains various organic components such as proteins, sugars and amino acids, and inorganic components such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium, and is also known to be effective as an oil palm fertilizer. However, the palm oil drainage was discarded without being used.

  The oil separation method of the present invention reliably separates and collects oil components at low cost from palm oil drainage that has been discarded without being used so far.

  The palm oil drainage to be treated is not limited to drainage discharged from the oil mill, but may be drainage left in an open lagoon. The oil separated from the effluent just discharged from the oil mill can be used as a palm oil for various uses including edible. On the other hand, since the oil separated from the drained liquid left in the open lagoon is oxidized and is not suitable for food use, it can be used for other purposes such as fuel.

  The waste water after separating the oil from the palm oil drainage can be used as a liquid fertilizer by separating the aggregated residual organic matter. This wastewater does not contain oil, and is contained in oil-water separators in addition to organic compounds such as proteins, sugars, and amino acids, and inorganic components such as phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and calcium contained in palm oil drainage. Because it contains abundant silicon and calcium, it is effective as a fertilizer for various plants including oil palm, rice and fruit trees.

  Residual organic substances are divided into those that contain a large amount of oil and fat and float between the oil layer and the water layer, and those that settle with a small amount of oil and fat. Residual organic substances containing a large amount of fats and oils can be dried and used as fuel pellets, and can also be used as soap raw materials. The residual organic matter that settles can be used as a fertilizer for plants because it contains abundant silicon and calcium contained in the oil-water separator.

  FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of the oil separation method of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the oil separator according to the present invention.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a treatment tank, a melting means for melting water by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage to the palm oil drainage, and the liquid in which the oil is melted. And an oil / water separating agent to separate the oil, water and solids. Reference numeral 2 denotes a hot water tank, which corresponds to the melting means. The hot water tank 2 is provided with means for heating water added to the treatment tank 1 to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage and putting it into the treatment tank 1. Reference numeral 3 denotes a dilution tank, which corresponds to the separation means. The dilution tank 3 is provided with means for adding and diluting water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage before adding the oil / water separating agent to the treatment tank 1 and putting it into the treatment tank 1. Yes.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes palm oil drainage input means, which is provided with means for supplying the drainage discharged from the oil mill or the drainage left in the open lagoon to the treatment tank 1. 5 is an oil component recovery means, and includes means for recovering oil components separated from light oil to heavy oil in order from the top, separated from palm oil drainage. 6 is a moisture collecting means, and 7 is a sludge collecting means.

  The palm oil drainage input means 4 separates the palm oil drainage into oil, moisture and solids in the treatment tank 1 and collects all of them, and then inputs a new palm oil drainage. The oil content recovery means 5 includes, for example, an oil discharge port above the processing tank 1 and a means for gradually inflating a balloon submerged in the processing tank 1, and recovers by oil type by adjusting the expansion of the balloon. It is possible to do. The oil recovery means 5 can be recovered for each oil type by adjusting the height of the oil discharge port provided above the processing tank 1, and is not limited to the configuration of the embodiment.

  The moisture recovery means 6 includes means for recovering the waste water after separating the oil from the palm oil drainage. In the case of the illustrated embodiment, the water recovery means 6 includes means for supplying the recovered wastewater to the hot water tank 2 and reusing it. Further, the moisture recovery means 6 may be configured to be provided with a filtration membrane in order to reliably separate sludge in the waste water. The sludge recovery means 7 includes means for recovering sludge precipitated in the treatment tank 1 and means for recovering sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer. Various known means can be used as the sludge collecting means 7.

  Next, the oil separation method of the present invention will be described based on FIG.

  Since the oil contained in the palm oil drainage begins to melt at 24 ° C. to 30 ° C., water of 30 ° C. or more and the palm oil drainage to be treated are put into the treatment tank 1 and stirred (S11). Since most of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage melts at 40 ° C. or higher, the temperature of water added to the treatment tank 1 is preferably as high as possible. However, if the temperature of the water becomes too high, the amount of energy required for the treatment Therefore, it is most preferable that the water in the hot water tank 2 is heated to 37 to 38 ° C. The amount of water added to the treatment tank 1 varies depending on the ratio of oil and sludge contained in the palm oil drainage to be treated, but in the embodiment, 6 to 13 times as much water as the palm oil drainage to be treated is used. doing. When the amount of sludge contained in the palm oil drainage is large, the amount of water added to the palm oil drainage is increased.

  Palm oil drainage contains several types of oil, and the melting temperature of the oil varies depending on the type. Although the temperature of the water added to the processing tank 1 needs to be higher than the lowest melting temperature among the various melting temperatures, it does not necessarily need to be higher than the highest melting temperature. In the oil separation method of the present invention, most of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage melts, whereby the solid oil is also separated. When multiple oil types are included in this solid oil component, the water temperature in the hot water tank 2 can be set higher, and the solid oil component can be separated and recovered by oil type. become.

  The dilution tank 3 dilutes the water having the same temperature as the water added to the treatment tank in S11 by adding it to the oil / water separator (S12). In the examples, the oil-water separator was prepared by dissolving silica cement having a high silicon content (4: 6 by weight of silicon and calcium) until saturated with 33% hydrochloric acid (HCl), and adding acetic acid. It is. The dilution tank 3 dilutes the oil / water separator 10 times to 20 times.

  As the oil / water separator, silica cement can be dissolved in a short time, and therefore high-concentration hydrochloric acid is preferably used, but low-concentration hydrochloric acid may be used. When low concentration hydrochloric acid is used, the dilution step may be omitted. In view of long-term storage, it is preferable that the oil-water separator is prepared by dissolving silica cement with high-concentration hydrochloric acid and adding an organic acid such as acetic acid. In addition, an oil-water separation agent is not restricted to the structure of an Example.

  If it leaves still about 5 to 10 minutes after stirring of S11, the inside of the processing tank 1 will be roughly divided into an oil layer and a water layer (S13). In this state, sludge and water are mixed in the oil layer, and sludge and oil are mixed in the water layer. In this state, the dilution tank 3 disperses the diluted oil / water separating agent throughout the treatment tank 1 and sprays it on an average. The amount of the oil / water separating agent added to the treatment tank 1 is about 1/1000 relative to the palm oil drainage to be treated. The separating means waits for the sprayed oil / water separating agent to permeate into the oil layer, and slowly agitates and mixes the entire processing tank 1 (S14).

  If it is allowed to stand after stirring in S14, as shown in FIG. 3, the oil and water are separated and the oil is floated, and the water mixed in the oil is dropped as water droplets. This phenomenon occurs because the interface between the oil and water becomes inactive due to the inactive (demulsifying) action of the silicon sol contained in the oil / water separating agent. It is thought that it will fall. At this time, impurities mixed with moisture in the oil layer are also separated, and the impurities are aggregated and removed by the aggregating action when the silicon sol is gelled. Further, even in the oil layer, the interface for each oil type becomes inactive such as light oil and heavy oil due to the interface inactive (demulsification) action of the silicon sol, and the oil sol is separated into oil types.

  FIG. 4 is a photograph showing a state in which oil is separated from palm oil drainage. In FIG. 4, the lower transparent part is a water layer, and the upper part is an oil layer. FIG. 4 shows that the oil layer is layered for each oil type. The oil layer is divided from light oil having a small specific gravity to heavy oil having a large specific gravity in order from the top (S15).

  The oil component recovery means 5 gradually inflates the balloon that has been sunk in the treatment tank 1, and collects the light oil in order from the light oil (S16). The moisture recovery means 6 recovers the waste water after recovering the oil from the treatment tank 1 (S17). A part of the collected waste water is sent to the hot water tank 2 and heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the oil contained in the palm oil drainage (S19).

  The sludge collecting means 7 collects the sludge remaining in the treatment tank 1 after collecting the waste water (S18). When the sludge settled in the treatment tank 1 and the sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer are collected separately, the sludge collecting means 7 removes the sludge floating between the oil layer and the water layer after S16. to recover.

  The oil separation method of the present invention can be used not only for palm oil drainage but also for Jatroha oil and other vegetable oils.

  FIG. 5 is a photograph showing a state in which the oil contained in the bandit is separated. The configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that the bandage of the bandits to be processed is put into the processing tank 1. As shown in FIG. 5, the oil separation method of the present invention was able to separate the oil contained in the bandage. The bandage of the bandits contains about 35% of the oil, and the oil extracted from this can be applied to the tea leaves to improve the quality of the tea leaves. In addition, the oil separation method of the present invention is not limited to the separation of oil contained in the bandage, but it is also possible to separate the oil contained in other fish.

  The oil separation method of the present invention can also be applied to the treatment of washing wastewater in the production process of biodiesel fuel. This washing waste water contains a large amount of glycerin and is one of the waste liquids that are difficult to process. In addition, the oil-containing substance to be treated is not limited to liquid, and even when oil is contained in a solid material such as oil sand, the oil can be melted and the solid can be aggregated and separated. The oil can be separated and recovered.

  Next, a method for low-temperature fluidization of fats and oils that fluidizes the oils and fats at low temperatures without performing transesterification will be described for the oils collected by oil type (by specific gravity) in the above-described embodiment.

  This low-temperature fluidization method includes a step of heating oil and fat recovered from palm oil drainage and the like to a temperature equal to or higher than the melting point of the oil and fat, and a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing and heat-treating the oil and fat with a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance. And a step of adding a modifier comprising a silicon sol dissolved in an acid solvent, and a step of stirring while maintaining the temperature of the oil or fat. This low-temperature fluidizing method preferably includes a step of adding vinegar to the fat in the cooling process after the stirring step.

  As the modifier, the same oil-water separator as used in the oil separation described above can be used, and the silica content is high (4: 6 by weight ratio of silicon and calcium). It is dissolved in hydrochloric acid (HCl) until saturated, and further acetic acid added is diluted 10 to 20 times.

  Oils and fats recovered from palm oil drainage liquid are in a solid state at room temperature (28 ° C.) because they contain palmitic acid, stearic acid, and myristic acid having a high melting point. In this fat / oil, the fat / oil is heated to a temperature (80 to 90 ° C.) that is equal to or higher than the melting point (about 70 ° C.) of stearic acid having the highest melting point, so that the fat / oil is completely melted. While maintaining the temperature of the oil and fat, a modifier having a weight ratio of 5 to 10% is added to the oil and fat, and the mixture is stirred for about 10 to 15 minutes.

  In the oil and fat cooling process, vinegar is added to the fat and oil and stirred. Vinegar contains about 3 to 5% acetic acid, and also contains organic acids such as lactic acid, succinic acid, malic acid and citric acid, amino acids, esters, alcohols, saccharides and the like. Common vinegar can be used as the vinegar, for example, grain vinegar such as rice vinegar, fruit vinegar such as apple vinegar and pineapple vinegar, sugarcane vinegar, coconut vinegar, and other plant vinegar.

  By this low-temperature fluidization method, the fat and oil recovered from the solid palm oil drainage liquid can be kept in a liquid state up to about 15 ° C., and the solidification temperature was lowered. Moreover, by adding vinegar to fats and oils, the fats and oils fluidized at low temperature can be easily mixed with liquid fuels such as light oil, and can be used as biodiesel fuel.

  In this low temperature fluidization method, waste edible oil (for example, a mixture of rapeseed oil and soybean oil used as tempura oil) or the like can be used as the fat. 1700 cc of the waste edible oil heated to 95-105 ° C., added with 96 cc of the modifier and stirred, can maintain the liquid state up to about −5 ° C. Could be used as.

  This low temperature fluidization method can also be used for reforming paraffin (wax), heavy oil (Olinoko crude oil), sand oil, oil shell, and the like.

  The present invention provides an oil separation method for reliably separating oil components at low cost from an oil-containing substance containing oil components such as palm oil drainage that has been disposed of up to now, and oil-water separation used in the method It is useful as an agent and an oil separation device.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Treatment tank 2 Warm water tank 3 Dilution tank 4 Palm oil drainage input means 5 Oil content collection means 6 Moisture collection means 7 Sludge collection means

Claims (14)

An oil separation method for separating oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil,
Among the one or two or more types of oil contained in the oil-containing substance, water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of a part or all of the oil is added to melt the part or all of the oil. Melting process to
In the liquid in which the oil is melted, an oil / water separator containing a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent is added and stirred, and then allowed to stand to separate into oil, water, and solids. An oil separation method comprising: a separation step.   The oil separation method according to claim 1, wherein the oil / water separation agent is diluted by adding water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the part or all of the oil to the silicon sol.   The oil separation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the water separated in the separation step is heated to a temperature higher than the melting temperature of the part or all of the oil and reused in the melting step. .   The oil separation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oil-containing substance is a vegetable oil drainage.   The oil separation method according to claim 4, wherein the vegetable oil drainage is palm oil drainage (POME). A oil separation how according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An oil-water separation method using an oil-water separation agent composed of a silicon sol obtained by mixing a silicon-containing solute obtained by mixing a silicon-containing substance and an alkaline substance containing calcium and heat-treating the solute into an acid solvent. The oil-water separation method according to claim 6, wherein the oil-water separation agent is heat-treated at a temperature not higher than a thermal melting point of the silicon-containing substance. The oil / water separation method according to claim 6 or 7 , wherein the alkaline substance is composed of calcium carbonate or lime. The oil-water separation method according to claim 6, wherein the oil-water separation agent is composed of one or more substances selected from the group consisting of cement, an intermediate product of cement, blast furnace slag, and coal ash. The oil-water separation method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein in the oil-water separation agent, the acid solvent is diluted hydrochloric acid. 11. The oil-water separation agent according to claim 6, wherein the acid solvent contains one or more gelation inhibitors selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, ammonium acetate, and ammonium chloride. Oil-water separation method . A oil separation how according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
An oil-water separation method using an oil-water separation agent obtained by firing a carbide slurry containing silicon dioxide and containing calcium hydroxide as a main component at 800 ° C. to 1300 ° C. and dissolving it in an acid solution.

An oil separation device for separating oil from an oil-containing substance containing oil,
Among the one or two or more types of oil contained in the oil-containing substance, water having a temperature higher than the melting temperature of a part or all of the oil is added to melt the part or all of the oil. Melting means to
In the liquid in which the oil is melted, an oil / water separator containing a silicon sol in which a silicon-containing solute containing silicon and calcium is dissolved in an acid solvent is added and stirred, and then allowed to stand to separate into oil, water, and solids. And an oil separating device.   14. The oil separation device according to claim 13, further comprising a collecting means for collecting the separated oil components in order from the upper side.

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