KR100790298B1 - Manufacturing method of high purity fatty acid alkylester and fatty acid alkylester manufactured therefrom - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of high purity fatty acid alkylester and fatty acid alkylester manufactured therefrom Download PDF

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KR100790298B1
KR100790298B1 KR1020060089939A KR20060089939A KR100790298B1 KR 100790298 B1 KR100790298 B1 KR 100790298B1 KR 1020060089939 A KR1020060089939 A KR 1020060089939A KR 20060089939 A KR20060089939 A KR 20060089939A KR 100790298 B1 KR100790298 B1 KR 100790298B1
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oil
fatty acid
catalyst
alkyl ester
acid alkyl
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박돈희
정귀택
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전남대학교산학협력단
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C3/00—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom
    • C11C3/04—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils
    • C11C3/08—Fats, oils, or fatty acids by chemical modification of fats, oils, or fatty acids obtained therefrom by esterification of fats or fatty oils with fatty acids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
    • C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
    • C07C67/62—Use of additives, e.g. for stabilisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
    • B01J2219/00002—Chemical plants
    • B01J2219/00027—Process aspects
    • B01J2219/00029—Batch processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Abstract

A method for preparing high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester is provided to increase the rate of esterification, thereby producing a high-purity ester substance as biodiesel in a short time. A method for preparing high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester from oil and fats comprises the steps of: (i) removing water in an alcohol and oil and fats before reaction by using a non-homogeneous dewatering agent; (ii) providing a catalyst solution from a catalyst and alcohol by using the non-homogeneous dewatering agent; and (iii) removing water produced during the esterification of the catalyst solution, a short-chain alcohol and oil and fats by using the non-homogeneous dewatering agent.

Description

고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 지방산 알킬에스테르{Manufacturing method of high purity fatty acid alkylester and fatty acid alkylester manufactured therefrom}Manufacturing method of high purity fatty acid alkylester and fatty acid alkylester manufactured therefrom

도1은 본 발명에 있어서 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조하기 위한 공정도이다.1 is a process chart for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester in the present invention.

도 2는 전이에스테르화 반응에 미치는 유지 중 수분의 영향을 나타낸 것이다.Figure 2 shows the effect of moisture during the maintenance on the transesterification reaction.

도 3은 메탄올의 순도가 전이에스테르화에 미치는 영향을 나타낸 것이다.3 shows the effect of the purity of methanol on the transesterification.

본 발명은 유지로부터 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조함에 있어서, (i) 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 반응 전 알코올과 유지 내의 수분제거 공정과; (ii) 촉매와 알코올을 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 촉매용액을 제조하는 공정과; (iii) 촉매용액과 단쇄기 알코올과 유지의 에스테르화 반응 중 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 생성된 수분을 제거시키는 공정을 포함하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법 및 이로부터 제조된 지방산 알킬에스테르에 관한 것이다.The present invention is to prepare a high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester from fats and oils, comprising: (i) removing water in alcohol and fats and oils before the reaction by using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent; (ii) preparing a catalyst solution using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent for the catalyst and alcohol; (iii) a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester comprising a step of removing water produced by using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent during the esterification reaction between a catalyst solution, a short chain alcohol and a fat or oil and a fatty acid alkyl ester prepared therefrom. .

바이오디젤은 수송용 연료의 목적으로 생산되는 대체에너지 중에서 전 세계적으로 가장 광범위하게 사용되고 있는 에너지원 중에 하나이다. 최근에 들어 원유가격의 상승, 화석연료의 고갈, 환경 문제 등이 야기되면서 화석연료의 대체물로서 간주되는 바이오디젤에 관한 관심이 전 세계적으로 크게 높아지고 있다. 디젤 기관에 적합한 바이오디젤을 생산하기 위해서는 일반적으로 식물성 유지이나 동물성 지방을 여러 방법에 의해 화석연료로부터 얻어지는 페트로디젤과 비슷한 특성을 갖도록 구조변형을 일으켜야 한다. 주로 알칼리 촉매를 사용한 전이에스테르화 반응이 상업적인 공정에 사용되고 있으며, 최근에는 lipase를 이용한 전이에스테르화 반응이나 초임계 상태를 이용하여 바이오디젤의 생산하는 연구 등이 크게 주목받고 있다. 앞으로 해결되어야 할 문제점은 현재 일반적으로 사용되는 공정들의 문제점과 생산비용 절감, 원료의 안정적인 공급 문제 등이다. Biodiesel is one of the most widely used energy sources in the world among alternative energy produced for transportation fuels. In recent years, as a result of rising oil prices, depletion of fossil fuels, and environmental problems, interest in biodiesel, which is regarded as a substitute for fossil fuels, has increased greatly around the world. In order to produce biodiesel suitable for diesel engines, it is generally necessary to modify the structure of vegetable oils or animal fats to have properties similar to those of petro-diesel obtained from fossil fuels by various methods. Transesterification reactions using mainly alkali catalysts are used in commercial processes, and recently, research on the production of biodiesel using a transesterification reaction using a lipase or a supercritical state has attracted much attention. Problems to be solved in the future include problems of currently used processes, reduction of production cost, and stable supply of raw materials.

바이오디젤의 제조에 있어 전이에스테르화 반응에서 원료유지 중의 수분과 유리지방산은 알칼리 촉매와 반응하여 활성 메톡시드 이온의 형성을 방해하고 지방산의 금속염인 금속비누를 형성한다. 이러한 금속비누는 젤화작용으로 점도를 높이고 생성물에서 글리세롤의 분리를 어렵게 한다고 알려져 있다. 그리고 유리지방산과 알칼리 촉매가 결합하여 생성된 금속염에 의해 가수분해 반응이 더욱 촉진되게 된다. 또한, 바이오디젤을 포함한 생성물에 금속염이 많이 생성되면 바이오디젤로부터 이의 분리, 정제가 어려워 많은 비용과 시간이 소요되므로 바이오디젤의 생산성이 감소하는 문제가 있다.In the production of biodiesel, in the transesterification reaction, the water and the free fatty acid in the holding material react with the alkali catalyst to interfere with the formation of active methoxide ions and form metal soap, which is a metal salt of fatty acid. These metal soaps are known to increase the viscosity by gelling and make it difficult to separate glycerol from the product. And the hydrolysis reaction is further promoted by the metal salt produced by the combination of the free fatty acid and the alkali catalyst. In addition, when a large number of metal salts are generated in a product including biodiesel, it is difficult to separate and purify them from biodiesel, which requires a lot of cost and time, thereby reducing the productivity of biodiesel.

결국 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 원료유지, 알코올, 촉매 내의 수분함 량을 낮추어야 하는 문제가 있다.As a result, in order to solve this problem, there is a problem of lowering the water content in the raw material holding, alcohol, and catalyst.

본 발명과 관련된 종래기술로서 캐나다 공개특허 2,131,654(1996/03/09)호에 지방산글리세리드와 알코올을 촉매 및 보조용매 존재하에서 반응시키는 저알킬지방산에스테르 생산공정에 대한 내용이 있다. 이 특허에서는 지방산글리세리드와 알코올의 접촉계면을 증가시켜 반응속도를 증가시키기 위해 테트라하이드로퓨란(THF)과 1,4-디옥산과 같은 보조용매를 반응물에 첨가하여 액상혼합을 유도하고 있다. 그러나 반응이 끝나면 생성물로부터 보조용매를 분리해야 하므로, 보조용매 분리장치와 이를 가동하기 위한 추가적인 비용이 소요되어 경제성이 낮은 문제점이 있다. 대한민국 공개특허공보 제 2004-0084515호(바이오디젤유의 제조방법)는 유지 및 알코올을 반응물로 하고 이 반응물을 촉매 존재하에서 반응시켜 바이오디젤인 에스테르 물질을 생성함에 있어 생성물인 에스테르 물질을 유지중량에 대하여 1-30% 첨가하여 유지와 알코올을 하나의 액상으로 혼합시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 바이오디젤 제조방법이다. 또한, 대한민국 공개특허공보 제 2003-0066246호(단일단계 연속공정을 통한 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법)는 동식물성 유지와 저급 알코올을 알칼리 촉매 존재하에서 단일상으로 유지하면서 연속식 관형반응기를 통과시켜 고순도의 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조하는 방법이다.As a related art of the present invention, Canadian Patent Publication No. 2,131,654 (1996/03/09) describes a low alkyl fatty acid ester production process for reacting fatty acid glycerides and alcohols in the presence of a catalyst and a cosolvent. In this patent, co-solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF) and 1,4-dioxane are added to the reaction to increase the reaction rate by increasing the contact interface between fatty acid glycerides and alcohols to induce liquid phase mixing. However, since the co-solvent must be separated from the product after the reaction, there is a problem in that the co-solvent separation device and additional costs for operating the co-solvent have low economical efficiency. Korean Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 2004-0084515 (method for producing biodiesel oil) discloses an ester substance as a product in the production of an ester substance which is biodiesel by reacting oil and alcohol as a reactant and reacting the reactant in the presence of a catalyst. It is a biodiesel manufacturing method characterized by mixing 1-30% by mixing the fats and oils in one liquid. In addition, the Republic of Korea Patent Publication No. 2003-0066246 (method of producing a high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester through a single step continuous process) is passed through a continuous tubular reactor while maintaining the same animal fat and lower alcohol in a single phase in the presence of an alkali catalyst It is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester.

결국, 본원발명과 같이 불균일계 탈수제를 촉매제조, 반응물의 탈수, 및 에스테르화 반응 중의 수분제거에 적용하여 바이오디젤을 제조하는 기술은 아직 실제적으로 확립되어 있지 않은 실정이다.As a result, as described in the present invention, a technique for preparing biodiesel by applying a heterogeneous dehydrating agent to catalyst production, dehydration of a reactant, and water removal during an esterification reaction has not been actually established.

본 발명은 유지 및 알코올을 반응물로 하고 이 반응물을 촉매 존재하에서 반응시켜 바이오디젤인 에스테르 물질을 생성함에 있어 불균일계 탈수제를 첨가하여 촉매용액 및 알코올, 그리고 유지에 존재하는 수분을 제거하여 에스테르화 반응을 촉진하여 바이오디젤을 제조하는 방법 및 이로 제조된 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조하는 방법 및 이로부터 제조된 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제공을 목적으로 한다.In the present invention, an esterification reaction is carried out by removing a catalyst solution, an alcohol, and water present in an oil or fat by adding a heterogeneous dehydrating agent to produce an ester substance which is biodiesel by reacting the oil and alcohol as a reactant and reacting the reactant in the presence of a catalyst. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing biodiesel and a method for preparing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester prepared therefrom and a fatty acid alkyl ester prepared therefrom.

본 발명은 바이오디젤의 제조시 유지, 알코올, 촉매용액 내의 수분을 제거하여 에스테르화 반응속도를 증가시켜 종래의 에스테르 생성보다 빠른 시간 내에 생성물을 얻을 수 있다. The present invention can remove the oil in the production of biodiesel, alcohol, catalyst solution to increase the esterification rate to obtain a product in a faster time than the conventional ester production.

한편 본 발명은 바이오디젤 제조시 관형반응기(PFR)와 연속교반탱크반응기(CSTR)와 같은 연속공정에서도 이용할 수 있다.On the other hand, the present invention can be used in continuous processes such as tubular reactor (PFR) and continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) in the production of biodiesel.

본 발명은 유지로부터 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조함에 있어서, (i) 불균질계 탈수제를 이용하여 반응 전 알코올과 유지 내의 수분제거 공정과; (ii) 촉매와 알코올을 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 촉매용액을 제조하는 공정과; (iii) 촉매용액과 단쇄기 알코올과 유지의 에스테르화 반응 중 불균질계 탈수제를 이용하여 생성된 수분을 제거시키는 공정을 포함하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention is to prepare a high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester from fats and oils, comprising: (i) removing water in alcohol and fats and oils before the reaction by using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent; (ii) preparing a catalyst solution using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent for the catalyst and alcohol; (iii) a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester comprising a step of removing water produced by using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent during esterification of a catalyst solution, a short-chain alcohol, and an oil or fat.

본 발명에서는 촉매용액의 제조시에 불균일계 탈수제를 첨가하여 알코올 및 촉매에 포함되어 있는 수분과 촉매용액의 제조시 생성되는 수분을 제거하여 유지로부터 에스테르화 반응을 수행하여 고순도의 지방산 알킬에스테르를 생산할 수 있 다. In the present invention, a heterogeneous dehydrating agent is added during the preparation of the catalyst solution to remove the water contained in the alcohol and the catalyst and the water generated during the preparation of the catalyst solution to perform esterification from oils and fats to produce a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester. Can be.

본 발명에서 촉매용액은 촉매를 총 소요량의 1∼90%의 알코올에 용해 또는 혼합하여 제조 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the catalyst solution may be prepared by dissolving or mixing the catalyst in 1 to 90% of the total amount of alcohol.

본 발명에서는 불균일계 탈수제는 소디움 설페이트(sodium sulfate), 페릭셀페이트(ferric sulfate),제올라이트, 실리카겔, 벤토나이트, 알루미나, 실리카라이트(silicalite), 석탄회, 고탄소 fly-ash, 분자체, 분자체 탄소(CMS), 황산마그네슘을 단독 또는 2개 이상을 혼합하여 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the heterogeneous dehydrating agent is sodium sulfate, ferric sulfate, zeolite, silica gel, bentonite, alumina, silicalite (silicalite), coal ash, high carbon fly-ash, molecular sieve, molecular sieve carbon (CMS) and magnesium sulfate can be used individually or in mixture of 2 or more.

본 발명에서 불균일계 탈수제는 유지 및 알코올에 대하여 중량대비 0.1～20%를 사용하게 되는데, 보다 구체적으로는 상기 촉매용액 제조에는 알코올 중량에 대하여 0.1～20%를 사용하고, 상기 에스테르화 반응에는 원료유지 중량에 대하여 0.1～20%를 사용하게 된다.In the present invention, the heterogeneous dehydrating agent is used in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight based on oils and alcohols. More specifically, 0.1 to 20% by weight of alcohol is used in preparing the catalyst solution, and the raw material is used in the esterification reaction. 0.1 to 20% of the weight is used.

본 발명에서는 불균일계 탈수제는 회분식 반응기 또는 관형반응기(PFR)에 충전하여 촉매용액의 제조에 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the heterogeneous dehydrating agent may be used in the preparation of the catalyst solution by filling in a batch reactor or a tubular reactor (PFR).

본 발명에 사용하는 유지는 유채유, 대두유, 옥수수유, 팜유, 코코넛유, 자트로파유(Jatropa oil), 라드(lard oil), 평지유, 아마인유, 해바라기유, 면실유, 미강유, 피마자유, 올리브유, 우지(牛脂), 돈지(豚脂), 양지(陽地), 어유(魚油), 경유(鯨油), 폐식용유 중에서 선택된 어느 하나 또는 혼합물을 사용할 수 있다.The fats and oils used in the present invention include rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, coconut oil, jatropa oil, lard oil, rapeseed oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, castor oil, olive oil, One or a mixture selected from tallow, lard, sunny, fish oil, diesel, and waste cooking oil may be used.

본 발명에서 알코올은 메탄올, 에탄올, 프로판올, 부탄올, 2-에틸헥산올 중에서 선택된 어느 하나이거나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물을 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the alcohol may be any one selected from methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, 2-ethylhexanol, or a mixture of two or more thereof.

본 발명에서 유지와 알코올은 1:3∼1:30의 몰비로 에스테르화 반응을 수행할 수 있다.In the present invention, the fats and oils may be subjected to esterification in a molar ratio of 1: 3 to 1:30.

본 발명에서 촉매는 원료유지 중량에 대하여 균일계 촉매는 0.1∼2%, 불균일계 촉매는 1∼20%를 사용할 수 있다.In the present invention, the catalyst may use 0.1 to 2% of the homogeneous catalyst and 1 to 20% of the heterogeneous catalyst with respect to the raw material holding weight.

본 발명에서는 알코올과 원료유지는 30∼120℃에서 0.1∼10시간 동안 회분식 반응기 또는 관형반응기(PFR) 또는 연속회분식반응기(CSTR)에서 반응시켜 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조할 수 있다.In the present invention, the alcohol and the raw material can be produced in high purity fatty acid alkyl ester by reacting in a batch reactor or a tubular reactor (PFR) or a continuous batch reactor (CSTR) for 0.1 to 10 hours at 30 to 120 ℃.

한편 본 발명은 위와 같은 방법에 의해 제조한 바이오디젤 및 혼합유를 포함한다.Meanwhile, the present invention includes biodiesel and mixed oil prepared by the above method.

이하 본 발명을 다음의 실시예 및 시험예에 의하여 설명하고자 한다. 그러나 이들은 본 발명의 일부 실시예로서 이들에 의해 본 발명의 권리범위가 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by the following examples and test examples. However, these are some embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

<실시예 1><Example 1>

전처리된 유채유 400g을 기준으로 하여 유지에 0%에서 5%에 해당하는 물을 첨가하여 급속히 교반하여 유지에 수분이 포함되도록 모사유지를 제조하였다. 전이에스테르화 반응은 유지량을 기준으로 하여 메탄올 몰비 1:6, KOH 1%, 반응온도 60℃에서 교반기로 1,000 rpm으로 교반하면서 30분 동안 반응하여 얻은 결과를 도 2에 나타내었다. 유지 중에 수분의 함량이 증가할수록 생성물 중의 지방산 메틸에스테르의 함량이 급격히 낮아짐을 나타내었다. 1%의 함량에서도 약 20% 정도가 감소하였고, 5%에서는 약 55%의 낮은 메틸에스테르 함량을 나타내었다. Based on 400 g of pretreated rapeseed oil, 0% to 5% of water was added to the oil and fat to stir rapidly to prepare a simulated oil and fat containing water. The transition esterification reaction was carried out for 30 minutes while stirring at 1,000 rpm with a stirrer at a methanol molar ratio of 1: 6, KOH 1%, and a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. based on the maintenance amount. It was shown that the content of fatty acid methyl ester in the product was drastically lowered as the water content was increased during the maintenance. In the 1% content of about 20% was reduced, 5% showed a low methyl ester content of about 55%.

<실시예 2><Example 2>

전처리된 유채유 400g을 기준으로 KOH 1%, 메탄올 몰비 1:6, 반응온도 60℃의 조건에서 전동 교반기(1,000rpm)를 사용하여 30분간 반응을 수행하였다. 반응기에 첨가하는 총 메탄올 양 중에서 촉매제조에 사용할 메탄올을 제외한 나머지 메탄올의 순도를 86%에서 99.9%까지 조절하여 메탄올을 첨가하였다. 도 3에 나타내었듯이 첨가한 메탄올의 순도가 낮아지면 지방산 메틸에스테르의 함량이 급격히 감소하였다. 86%의 메탄올을 사용한 경우에는 약 45%의 함량만을 나타내었다. Based on 400 g of pretreated rapeseed oil, the reaction was performed for 30 minutes using an electric stirrer (1,000 rpm) under conditions of KOH 1%, methanol molar ratio 1: 6, and a reaction temperature of 60 ° C. Methanol was added by adjusting the purity of the remaining methanol from 86% to 99.9% except for methanol to be used for catalyst production among the total amount of methanol added to the reactor. As shown in FIG. 3, when the purity of the added methanol was lowered, the content of fatty acid methyl ester rapidly decreased. When 86% of methanol was used, only about 45% of the content was shown.

<실시예 3><Example 3>

메탄올에 알칼리 촉매(KOH)를 녹여 촉매용액을 제조할 때 발생할 수 있는 수분이나, 메탄올 내의 수분을 수분 흡수제를 사용하여 제거함으로써 전이에스테르화 반응에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 탈수촉매에 제조에 사용하는 메탄올의 양은 전체 메탄올 공급량 중 25 vol%이었으며, 1%의 KOH를 용해하여 메탄올에 용해한 후 촉매용액의 10% (w/v)에 해당하는 각각의 탈수제를 첨가하여 일정시간 동안 정치한 후 탈수 촉매용액을 실험에 사용하였다. 유채유를 기준으로 메탄올 몰비 1:6, 55℃에서 5 분 동안 반응을 수행하여 결과를 얻었다. 탈수제로 소디움 설페이트(sodium sulfate), 염화나트륨, 탄산칼슘, 염화칼륨, 제올라이트(molecular sieve, zeolite)를 대상으로 탈수촉매를 제조하여 반응을 수행한 결과 소디움 설페이트를 사용한 경우에 가장 우수한 결과를 얻었다. 일반적으로 소디움 설페이트는 유기용매 등에 존재하는 수분을 제거하는데 사용된다.The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of water that may be generated when dissolving an alkali catalyst (KOH) in methanol or water in methanol, by removing a moisture absorbent using a water absorbent. The amount of methanol used for the preparation of the dehydration catalyst was 25 vol% of the total methanol supply. After dissolving 1% KOH in methanol and adding 10% (w / v) of each of the catalyst solutions, a certain amount of methanol was added. After standing for a time, a dehydration catalyst solution was used for the experiment. The reaction was carried out for 5 minutes at a methanol molar ratio of 1: 6 and 55 ° C. based on rapeseed oil to obtain a result. As a dehydrating agent, dehydration catalysts were prepared using sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium carbonate, potassium chloride, and zeolite (molecular sieve, zeolite). Sodium sulfate is generally used to remove moisture present in organic solvents and the like.

본 발명에 의해 수분함량이 낮아진 촉매 용액은 이를 원료로 하여 바이오디젤의 생산시 수분으로 인한 촉매의 불활성화와 비누생성을 감소시켜 바이오디젤의 생산수율을 높일 뿐만 아니라, 후처리 공정에서의 처리효율을 높여주어 최종적으로 바이오디젤의 생산단가를 낮출 수 있다.The catalyst solution of which the water content is lowered by the present invention is used as a raw material to increase the production yield of the biodiesel as well as to increase the production yield of the biodiesel by reducing the deactivation of the catalyst due to moisture and the production of soap during biodiesel production. In the end, the production cost of biodiesel can be lowered.

Claims (12)

유지로부터 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르를 제조함에 있어서, (i) 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 반응 전 알코올과 유지 내의 수분제거 공정과; (ii) 촉매와 알코올을 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 촉매용액을 제조하는 공정과; (iii) 촉매용액과 단쇄기 알코올과 유지의 에스테르화 반응 중 불균일계 탈수제를 이용하여 생성된 수분을 제거시키는 공정을 포함하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.In preparing a high-purity fatty acid alkyl ester from fats and oils, the process includes: (i) removing water in the alcohol and the fats and oils before the reaction using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent; (ii) preparing a catalyst solution using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent for the catalyst and alcohol; (iii) A method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester comprising the step of removing water produced by using a heterogeneous dehydrating agent during esterification of a catalyst solution, a short chain alcohol and an oil or fat. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 촉매용액의 제조시에 상기 불균일계 탈수제를 첨가하여 알코올 및 촉매에 포함되어 있는 수분과 촉매용액의 제조시 생성되는 수분을 제거함을 특징으로 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The heterogeneous dehydrating agent is added during the preparation of the catalyst solution to remove the water contained in the alcohol and the catalyst and the water generated during the preparation of the catalyst solution. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 촉매용액은 촉매를 총 소요량의 1~90%의 알코올에 용해 또는 혼합하여 제조 사용함을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The catalyst solution is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that the catalyst is prepared by dissolving or mixing the catalyst in 1 to 90% of the total required amount. 제 1항에 있어서, 상기 불균일계 탈수제는,The method of claim 1, wherein the heterogeneous dehydrating agent, 소디움 설페이트(sodium sulfate), 페릭셀페이트(ferric sulfate), 제올라이트, 실리카겔, 벤토나이트, 알루미나, 실리카라이트(silicalite), 석탄회, 고탄소 fly-ash, 분자체, 분자체 탄소(CMS), 황산마그네슘 중에서 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상이 혼합되어 사용됨을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.In sodium sulfate, ferric sulfate, zeolite, silica gel, bentonite, alumina, silicalite, coal ash, high carbon fly-ash, molecular sieve, molecular sieve carbon (CMS), magnesium sulfate Method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that any one or two or more are used in combination. 제 1항 내지 제 3항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서,The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, 상기 불균일계 탈수제는, 상기 촉매용액 제조에는 알코올 중량에 대하여 0.1~20%가 사용되고, 상기 에스테르화 반응에는 원료 유지 중량에 대하여 0.1~20%가 사용됨을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The heterogeneous dehydrating agent, the production method of the high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of alcohol used in the preparation of the catalyst solution, 0.1 to 20% by weight based on the weight of the raw material holding. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 불균일계 탈수제는, 회분식 반응기 또는 관형반응기(PFR)에 충전하여 촉매용액 제조에 사용됨을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The heterogeneous dehydrating agent is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that it is used to prepare a catalyst solution by filling in a batch reactor or a tubular reactor (PFR). 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유지는, 유채유, 대두유, 옥수수유, 팜유, 코코넛유, 자트로파유(Jatropa oil), 라드(lard oil), 평지유, 아마인유, 해바라기유, 면실유, 미강유, 피마자유, 올리브유, 우지(牛脂), 돈지(豚脂), 양지(陽地), 어유(魚油), 경유(鯨油), 폐식용유 중에서 선택된 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, corn oil, palm oil, coconut oil, Jatropa oil (lard oil), rapeseed oil, linseed oil, sunflower oil, cottonseed oil, rice bran oil, castor oil, olive oil, Uji (우) ), Pork, Yangji, fish oil, diesel, waste cooking oil any one or a mixture of two or more selected from the above. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 알코올은 메탄올, 에탄올, 프로판올, 부탄올, 2-에틸헥산올 중에서 선택된 어느 하나 또는 둘 이상의 혼합물인 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The alcohol is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that any one or a mixture of two or more selected from methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, 2-ethylhexanol. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 유지와 상기 알코올은 1:3~1:30의 몰비로 에스테르화 반응시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The oil and the alcohol is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that the esterification reaction in a molar ratio of 1: 3 ~ 1:30. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 촉매는 원료유지 중량에 대하여 균일계 촉매는 0.1~2%가 사용되고, 불균일계 촉매는 1~20%가 사용됨을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.The catalyst is a method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester, characterized in that 0.1 to 2% of the homogeneous catalyst is used, and 1 to 20% of the heterogeneous catalyst is used with respect to the raw material holding weight. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 알코올과 원료유지는 30~120℃에서 0.1~10시간 동안 회분식 반응기 또는 관형반응기(PFR) 또는 연속회분식반응기(CSTR)에서 반응시킴을 특징으로 하는 고순도 지방산 알킬에스테르의 제조방법.Alcohol and the raw material is maintained at 30 ~ 120 ℃ for 0.1 to 10 hours in a batch reactor or tubular reactor (PFR) or a continuous batch reactor (CSTR) method for producing a high purity fatty acid alkyl ester. 삭제delete
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CN106281723A (en) * 2016-08-31 2017-01-04 菏泽尧舜牡丹生物科技有限公司 A kind of high ethyl esterified technique of acid value peony seed oil
KR102177450B1 (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-11 주식회사이맥솔루션 Method for manufacturing sorbitan fatty acid esters
CN112979462A (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-18 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method for improving conversion rate of fatty acid esterification reaction
KR20220102807A (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-07-21 고려대학교 산학협력단 Synthetic method of 2-ethylhexyl fatty esters in a solvent-free system using immobilized enzyme

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WO2010047480A2 (en) * 2008-10-23 2010-04-29 강릉원주대학교산학협력단 Method for preparing biodiesel using the fruit of hevea brasiliensis
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CN112979462A (en) * 2019-12-12 2021-06-18 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method for improving conversion rate of fatty acid esterification reaction
CN112979462B (en) * 2019-12-12 2023-01-10 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Method for improving conversion rate of fatty acid esterification reaction
KR102177450B1 (en) * 2020-06-29 2020-11-11 주식회사이맥솔루션 Method for manufacturing sorbitan fatty acid esters
KR20220102807A (en) * 2021-01-14 2022-07-21 고려대학교 산학협력단 Synthetic method of 2-ethylhexyl fatty esters in a solvent-free system using immobilized enzyme
KR102565303B1 (en) 2021-01-14 2023-08-08 고려대학교 산학협력단 Synthetic method of 2-ethylhexyl fatty esters in a solvent-free system using immobilized enzyme

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