JPWO2013115073A1 - Energy saving device and energy saving method using self-heat regeneration - Google Patents

Abstract

The energy saving device using self-heat regeneration includes a first fluid circuit through which a first working fluid flows, a second fluid circuit through which a second working fluid that is a compressive fluid flows, and the second working fluid dissipates heat, and A first heat exchanger that receives heat from the first working fluid; a second heat exchanger that receives heat from the second working fluid while radiating heat from the first working fluid; and the first heat in the second fluid circuit. A compressor arranged upstream of the exchanger and downstream of the second heat exchanger; and in the second fluid circuit, downstream of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger. An expander disposed upstream of the first heat circuit, and a unit to be processed disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the first fluid circuit. ing.

Description

  The present invention relates to an energy saving apparatus and an energy saving method that use self-heat of a working fluid, and more particularly, to an energy saving apparatus and an energy saving method that suppress the heat that is discarded and improve the exergy rate of the entire system.

  An air conditioner (heater) burns gas to heat outside air and supplies hot air into the room. Hot air is released into the atmosphere after warming the room. Moreover, an air conditioner (cooler) cools air with a refrigerant | coolant, and low temperature air is supplied indoors. The low-temperature air is released into the atmosphere after the room is cooled (see, for example, Patent Document 1). A heat pump is known as a conventional energy saving device.

  Hereinafter, conventional heat pumps, dryers, heaters, air conditioners, and sterilizers will be described (see, for example, Patent Documents 2 to 4).

(1. Conventional heat pump)
1B includes a first fluid circuit 110A and a second fluid circuit 110B through which a refrigerant flows. The first fluid circuit 110 </ b> A includes a first heat exchanger 112 and a unit to be processed 113. The second fluid circuit 110B is a closed fluid circuit in which a refrigerant circulates, and includes a compressor 115, a heat exchanger 112, an expander 116, and a second heat exchanger 117, which are connected by piping in order. Has been.

  The heat pump 110 collects the heat of the outside air in the second heat exchanger 117 and exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant. The refrigerant that has obtained heat is compressed by the compressor 115 and further becomes high temperature and pressure. The first heat exchanger 112 exchanges heat between the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant and the air taken in from the working fluid inlet 111, and the air that has obtained heat from the refrigerant is released into the room 113. On the other hand, the refrigerant that has heated the air becomes low-temperature and low-pressure in the expander 116 and returns to the second heat exchanger 117 again.

  When the temperature of the outside air is low, the heat pump 110 has a small temperature difference from the refrigerant and has a low energy saving effect. Moreover, since the high-temperature air introduced into the room is discarded as it is after the room is warmed, the thermal energy is not fully utilized.

(2. Conventional dryer)
The conventional dryer 120 shown in FIG. 2C takes in the outside air by the blower fan 121, heats the outside air by the electric heater 122, or burns the fuel to change the chemical energy of the fuel into heat and takes in the heat. Warm the outside air. And the warm external air is taken in into the tank 123, and objects, such as a laundry, are dried with a hot air. The air obtained by drying the object in the tank 123 is discharged outside the tank by the blower fan 124. Since the heat energy of the released air is discarded, the energy loss is large and the exergy rate is low.

(3. Conventional air conditioner)
In the conventional heater 130 shown in FIG. 3B, the refrigerant (20 ° C.) discharged from the indoor unit 130A is depressurized by the expansion valve 136 to become a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant (−10 ° C.) and enters the outdoor heat exchanger 134. . The low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant (−10 ° C.) that has entered the outdoor heat exchanger 134 exchanges heat with the outside air (7 ° C.) taken in by the outdoor fan 133, and the refrigerant (7 ° C.) that is substantially the same temperature as the outside air temperature. Become. This refrigerant (7 ° C.) is compressed by the compressor 135 to become a high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant (40 ° C.). The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant (40 ° C.) enters the indoor heat exchanger 132, exchanges heat with the indoor air (20 ° C.) taken in by the indoor fan 131, and sends the warmed air into the room. The refrigerant (20 ° C.) that has been deprived of heat by the indoor air and has substantially the same temperature as the indoor air enters the expansion valve 136. In this way, the refrigerant circulates between the indoor unit 130A and the outdoor unit 130B.

  According to the conventional heater 130, since the warmed air is discharged as it is outside the room, the thermal energy of the air is discarded outside the room.

(4. Conventional sterilization equipment)
The conventional sterilization apparatus 140 shown in FIG. 4B heats water with a boiler 141 to generate water vapor, and performs sterilization with water vapor in the unit to be treated 142. The water vapor exiting the unit to be treated 142 is returned to the water by the cooler 143 and discharged.

  The conventional sterilizer 140 burns fossil fuel in the boiler 141. The combustion exhaust gas is exhausted to the outside from the boiler 141, and much of the heat of the combustion exhaust gas is wasted. Furthermore, since the heat applied by the unit 142 is discarded by the cooler 143, energy is wasted.

(5. Conventional air conditioner)
The air conditioner has the same problem as the heater. In other words, the air (15 ° C) cooled by the indoor heat exchanger takes heat from the air (30 ° C) taken into the room and then is exhausted to the outside as it is. , Discarded outside.

JP 2006-3000365 A JP 2008-309464 A JP 2008-188045 A JP 2004-028360 A

In conventional heat pumps, dryers, heaters, air conditioners, and sterilizers, working fluids such as air and water are discarded without their thermal energy being used effectively enough, and the thermal energy of the working fluid is effective. Not used.

  By the way, when taking out electric power using a chemical reaction, if the original energy of the fuel is ΔH, ΔG can be taken out as electricity and TΔS can be taken out as heat. ΔG is energy that can be taken out as work, and is called exergy as effective energy. And ΔG / ΔH is called the exergy rate as the ability to extract effective energy. The exergy rate decreases when heat is generated.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and is to improve the exergy rate ΔG / ΔH. Specifically, it is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus and method for minimizing wasteful heat energy.

  In order to solve the above problems, an energy saving device using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention includes a first fluid circuit through which a first working fluid flows, and a second fluid circuit through which a second working fluid that is a compressive fluid flows. A first heat exchanger that radiates heat from the second working fluid and receives heat from the first working fluid; and a second heat exchanger that radiates heat from the first working fluid and receives heat from the second working fluid. A compressor disposed upstream of the first heat exchanger and downstream of the second heat exchanger in the second fluid circuit; and the first heat exchanger in the second fluid circuit. And an expander disposed on the upstream side of the second heat exchanger, and in the first fluid circuit, on the downstream side of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger. And a unit to be processed arranged on the side.

  According to this configuration, the heat of the first working fluid that has exited the unit to be processed is not discarded as it is. That is, the first working fluid heats the second working fluid in the second heat exchanger. Further, the high-temperature and high-pressure second working fluid exiting the compressor heats the first working fluid in the first heat exchanger. Thus, the first working fluid and the second working fluid exchange self heat. That is, these working fluids serve as heat sources and heat each other. Therefore, further energy saving than before can be realized without adding a separate heat source and by using the self-heating of the working fluid that has been conventionally discarded.

  The second working fluid to be compressed / expanded is a compressible fluid. On the other hand, the first working fluid may be a compressive fluid or an incompressible fluid. As a result, even in a device using an incompressible fluid as a working fluid, by using another working fluid (second working fluid) that is a compressible fluid, the self-heat of these working fluids can be used. Energy saving can be realized. The compressible fluid refers to, for example, a gas, a gas-liquid mixed fluid, or a fluid that changes phase.

  Here, the compression is preferably adiabatic compression, and the expansion is preferably adiabatic expansion. The adiabatic compression or adiabatic expansion referred to here is performed by rapidly compressing or expanding the gas. Therefore, in practice, it is difficult to completely block heat from entering and exiting the outside in the process of adiabatic compression and adiabatic expansion, and some adiabatic compression and adiabatic expansion cause heat to enter and exit from the outside. Including.

  In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, it is preferable that the power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor. Moreover, in the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, it is preferable that the rotating shaft of the expander and the rotating shaft of the compressor are connected. According to this configuration, the power of the expander can be recovered and used for driving the compressor. For this reason, further energy saving is realizable. Moreover, in order to make up for insufficient power, an electric motor that drives the compressor may be provided.

  The energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention further includes a transport pump disposed at the inlet of the first fluid circuit and a pressure reducing valve disposed at the outlet of the first fluid circuit. Is preferred. In this configuration, the working fluid flowing through the first fluid circuit is a liquid, and the transport pump discharges the working fluid toward the pressure reducing valve. The pressure reducing valve adjusts the flow rate of the working fluid and the pressure of the processing chamber.

  The energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention includes a unit to be treated into which a working fluid that is a compressive fluid flows, and a working fluid that has exited the unit to be radiated and before entering the unit to be treated. It is preferable to include a heat exchanger that receives the working fluid and a compressor disposed between the unit to be processed and the heat exchanger.

  According to this configuration, the working fluid that has exited the unit to be processed is adiabatically compressed by the compressor, is heated and pressurized, and exchanges heat with the working fluid before entering the unit to be processed. Thereby, since the self-heat of the working fluid can be recycled, it is not necessary to add a separate heat source.

  According to the present invention having the above-described configuration, the working fluid whose temperature has been increased by compression serves as a heat source, and the working fluids exchange heat with each other, so that the self-heating of the working fluid can be effectively used to realize energy saving.

  The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention preferably further includes an expander that expands the working fluid radiated in the heat exchanger. In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, it is preferable that the power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor. The rotating shaft of the compressor and the rotating shaft of the expander may be connected. According to this configuration, the thermal energy of the working fluid can be recovered as work by the expander.

  It is preferable that the working fluid is air, and the air that has exited the unit to be processed dissipates heat in the heat exchanger after passing through the compressor.

  According to this configuration, the high-temperature air after being used in the unit to be processed can be used for heating the air taken from outside by exchanging heat with the air taken from outside without being discarded as it is. . That is, the heat energy of the used air that has been conventionally discarded is recycled and energy saving can be realized. Further, since air is used as the working fluid, it is not necessary to prepare a special gas separately.

  In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, the working fluid is water or steam, and the water or air received in the heat exchanger flows into the processing target unit after passing through the compressor. It is preferable to do.

  In a conventional apparatus using water vapor, water is converted into water vapor by combustion heat obtained by burning fossil fuel with a boiler, and the water vapor is input to the unit to be treated. And the water vapor | steam used by the to-be-processed unit was converted again into water with the cooler, and was discarded. In other words, much of the heat energy used to convert water into steam in the boiler was discarded without being used.

  On the other hand, according to the configuration of the present invention described above, in the heat exchanger, the water vapor used in the unit to be treated serves as a heat source, heats the water before input to the unit to be treated, and converts the water into water vapor. Let And the water vapor | steam converted from water is adiabatically compressed with a compressor, and is further heated, before inputting into a to-be-processed unit. On the other hand, the water vapor used in the unit to be treated that has become a heat source is decompressed by a valve after heat exchange and discarded as water. Thereby, the thermal energy which the water vapor | steam used by the to-be-processed unit has is utilized effectively. Further, since a boiler or the like used for heating is not required, it is energy saving as compared with the prior art.

  It is preferable that the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention further includes a pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the working fluid radiated in the heat exchanger.

  In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, the unit to be processed may be a unit that performs sterilization.

  In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, the unit to be treated may be a unit that performs concrete curing.

  An energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses air taken in from the outside, a unit to be processed disposed downstream of the compressor, and expands the air so that the object is processed. An expander that is sent out toward a unit; and heat exchange after the air that has exited the compressor and before flowing into the expander radiates heat, and the air that has exited the unit to be treated receives heat. And a vessel. In the energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention, it is preferable that the power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor.

  An energy saving method using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention includes a step of flowing a working fluid that is a compressible fluid into a unit to be processed, a step of using the working fluid in the unit to be processed, and the unit to be processed. A step of compressing the discharged working fluid; and a step of performing heat exchange in which the compressed working fluid dissipates heat and heat is received by the working fluid before flowing into the processing target unit. The energy saving method using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention further includes a step of expanding the radiated working fluid, and uses the power generated in the expansion step as power in the compression step.

  According to this configuration, a part or all of the heat release process or the combustion process is replaced with a reversible energy conversion process, so that it is possible to suppress a loss of heat energy having a low exergy rate due to heating or combustion. As a result, TΔS is decreased, ΔG is increased, and the exergy rate ΔG / ΔH is improved as compared with the prior art. Here, the reversible energy conversion step refers to, for example, a step of changing to energy that can be taken out as work such as gas compression / expansion.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an energy saving apparatus and an energy saving method in which the energy loss is suppressed and the exergy rate ΔG / ΔH is improved.

It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the prior art of Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of embodiment different from FIG. 2A. It is the prior art of Embodiment 2. FIG. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 3 of this invention. It is the prior art of Embodiment 3. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 4 of this invention. It is the prior art of Embodiment 4. It is a schematic diagram which shows schematic structure of the energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 5 of this invention.

  Hereinafter, although the embodiment concerning the present invention is described based on a drawing, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

<Embodiment 1>
Embodiment 1 shown to FIG. 1A is related with the energy saving apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The energy saving device 10 realizes energy saving by using a first working fluid that is an incompressible fluid and a second working fluid that is a compressible fluid, and compressing and decompressing the second working fluid.

  1A includes a first fluid circuit 10A in which a first working fluid flows and a second fluid circuit 10B in which a second working fluid flows. The first fluid circuit 10A includes a pump 16, a first heat exchanger 12 (first flow path 12A), a processing target unit 13, and a second heat between the first working fluid inlet 11a and the outlet 11b. The exchanger 14 (fourth flow path 14A) and the valve 15 are provided, and these are sequentially connected by piping. The outlet of the first flow path 12A and the inlet of the fourth flow path 14A are connected by a first pipe 19Aa, and the processing target unit 13 is connected in the middle of the first pipe 19Aa. The second fluid circuit 10B is a closed fluid circuit through which the second working fluid circulates, and includes the compressor 17, the first heat exchanger 12 (second flow path 12B), the turbine 18, and the second heat exchanger. 14 (third flow path 14B), and these are connected by piping in order. In addition, the exit of the 2nd flow path 12B and the inlet_port | entrance of the 3rd flow path 14B are connected by 3rd piping 19Bb, and the turbine 18 is arrange | positioned in the middle of 3rd piping 19Bb. Further, the outlet of the third flow path 14B and the inlet of the second flow path 12B are connected by a second pipe 19Ba, and the compressor 17 is arranged in the middle of the pipe 19Ba.

  In the heat exchanger 12 and the heat exchanger 14 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 12A and the third flow path 14B are on the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 12B and the fourth flow path 14A are on the heat dissipation side, respectively. .

  As a result, the first working fluid flows into the inlet 11a, the pump 16, the first flow path 12A of the first heat exchanger 12, the unit to be processed 13, the fourth flow path 14A of the second heat exchanger 14, the valve 15, It flows in the order of the outlet 11b. On the other hand, the second working fluid flows in the order of the compressor 17, the second flow path 12 </ b> B of the first heat exchanger 12, the turbine 18, and the third flow path 14 </ b> B of the second heat exchanger 14, and again the compressor 17. Return to. In addition, the rotating shaft of the compressor 17 and the rotating shaft of the turbine 18 are connected, and the compressor 17 can be driven by the power generated by the turbine 18. Further, a generator (not shown) may be connected to the turbine 18 to drive the compressor 17 with electric power from the generator. In addition, the 1st working fluid of this embodiment is a liquid, and a 2nd working fluid is a gas, a gas-liquid mixed fluid, or a fluid which changes phase.

  The operation of the energy saving apparatus 10 will be described separately for the first fluid circuit 10A and the second fluid circuit 10B. In the first fluid circuit 10 </ b> A, the first working fluid taken in from the inlet 11 a by the pump 16 flows into the first flow path 12 </ b> A of the first heat exchanger 12. In the heat exchanger 12, the second working fluid that has been adiabatically compressed by the compressor 17 to a high temperature flows into the second flow path 12B, and heats the first working fluid in the first flow path 12A. Next, the first working fluid that has exited the first flow path 12 </ b> A of the first heat exchanger 12 flows into the processing target unit 13. The first working fluid that has exited the processing target unit 13 flows into the fourth flow path 14 </ b> A of the second heat exchanger 14. In the second heat exchanger 14, the first working fluid that has flowed into the fourth flow path 14A serves as a heat source, and heats the second working fluid that flows through the third flow path 14B. Then, the first working fluid that has exited the fourth flow path 14 </ b> A of the heat exchanger 14 is discharged from the discharge port 11 b via the valve 15.

  On the other hand, in the second fluid circuit 10 </ b> B, the second working fluid that is adiabatically compressed by the compressor 17 and becomes high temperature and pressure flows into the second flow path 12 </ b> B of the first heat exchanger 12. In the first heat exchanger 12, the second working fluid becomes a heat source and heats the first working fluid before flowing into the processing target unit 13. The second working fluid that has been deprived of heat by the first working fluid in the first heat exchanger 12 is adiabatically expanded by the turbine 18 to become a lower temperature fluid, and the third flow of the second heat exchanger 14. It flows into the path 14B. The second working fluid that has flowed into the third flow path 14B is heated by the first working fluid that has flowed into the fourth flow path 14A. The heated second working fluid is adiabatically compressed again by the compressor 17. As described above, the second working fluid circulates through the second fluid circuit B.

  Thus, energy saving is realized by exchanging heat between the first working fluid and the second working fluid using the self-heating of the first working fluid and the second working fluid. The temperature difference between the first working fluid at the inlet 11a and the first working fluid at the outlet 11b is preferably as small as possible. Specifically, the temperature of the first working fluid at the discharge port 11b is preferably about 5 ° C to 10 ° C higher than that at the introduction port 11a, and more preferably the temperature difference is 5 ° C or less. Moreover, the energy saving apparatus 10 of this embodiment does not require heat sources, such as external air, unlike a heat pump. When the working fluid is an incompressible fluid, it is difficult to apply the self-heating regeneration technology because the temperature hardly changes even if a pressure change is applied to the working fluid, but by using the compressive fluid as the second working fluid, The self-heating of the first working fluid and the second working fluid can be effectively utilized.

<Embodiment 2>
(Energy saving device of Embodiment 2)
In the energy saving apparatus 20 of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the heat exchanger 22 has a first flow path 22A and a second flow path 22B through which the working fluid flows, and the outlet of the first flow path 22A and the second flow path 22B. Are connected by a pipe 27. Specifically, the outlet of the first flow path 22A and the compressor 24 are connected by a first pipe 27A, the compressor 24 and the inlet of the second flow path 22B are connected by a second pipe 27B, and the middle of the second pipe 27B. The unit to be processed 23 is disposed in the area. Further, the inlet of the first flow path 22 </ b> A of the heat exchanger 22 and the inlet 21 are connected, and the outlet of the second flow path 22 </ b> B of the heat exchanger 22 and the outlet 26 are connected via the turbine 25. In the heat exchanger 22 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 22A is the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 22B is the heat dissipation side.

  In the energy saving apparatus 20, the working fluid is introduced into the inlet 21, the first flow path 22A of the heat exchanger 22, the compressor 24, the unit to be processed 23, the second flow path 22B of the heat exchanger 22, the turbine 25, the discharge port 26, It flows in the order. The working fluid that has exited the heat exchanger 22 is adiabatically compressed by the compressor 24 and is heated and pressurized, and then flows into the processing target unit 23. The working fluid that has exited the unit to be processed 23 heats the working fluid flowing from the inlet 21 in the heat exchanger 22. In addition, the rotating shaft of the compressor 24 and the rotating shaft of the turbine 25 are connected, and the compressor 24 can be driven by the power generated by the turbine 25. Further, a generator (not shown) may be connected to the turbine 25 and the compressor 24 may be driven by the electric power from the generator.

  Thus, energy saving can be realized by exchanging the self-heat of the working fluid. The temperature difference between the air at the inlet 21 and the air at the outlet 26 is preferably as small as possible. Specifically, the temperature of the air at the outlet 26 is 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. higher than the temperature of the air at the inlet 21. The temperature is preferably as high as about 0C, more preferably 5C or less. Moreover, since the energy saving apparatus 20 of this embodiment heat-exchanges the self-heat which a working fluid has, it does not require heat sources, such as external air, separately like a heat pump.

(Another energy saving apparatus of Embodiment 2)
An embodiment in which the energy saving apparatus according to Embodiment 2 is applied to a dryer is shown in FIG. 2B.

  In the energy saving apparatus 30, the heat exchanger 32 has a first flow path 32A and a second flow path 32B through which a working fluid flows, and an outlet of the first flow path 32A and an inlet of the second flow path 32B are connected by a pipe 38. The tank 33 and the compressor 34 are sequentially arranged in the middle of the pipe 38. Further, the inlet of the first flow path 32A of the heat exchanger 32 and the inlet 31 are connected via a blower fan 37, and the outlet of the second flow path 32B of the heat exchanger 32 and the outlet 36 are connected to the turbine 35 and the blower. The fan 37 is connected. The working fluid is air. In the heat exchanger 32 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 32A is the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 32B is the heat dissipation side.

  The rotating shaft of the compressor 34 and the rotating shaft of the turbine 35 are connected, and the power generated in the turbine 35 is used to drive the compressor 34. Further, electric power generated from a generator (not shown) driven by the turbine 35 may be supplied to an electric motor that drives the compressor 34.

  The operation of the energy saving device 30 will be described. The outside air taken in from the inlet 31 by the blower fan 37 flows into the first flow path 32 </ b> A of the heat exchanger 32. The air in the first flow path 32A, which has obtained heat from the air in the second flow path 32B, is released to the tank 13 to dry the object. The air that has left the tank 33 is adiabatically compressed by the compressor 34 and becomes high temperature, flows into the second flow path 32B, and heats the air in the first flow path 32A. The air exiting the second flow path 32B is adiabatically expanded by the turbine 35 and discarded from the discharge port 36 by the blower fan 37. The power of the turbine 35 is power for driving the compressor.

  In this way, it is possible to realize energy saving as compared with the conventional case by exchanging heat with the self-heat of the working fluid exiting the tank 33. Note that the smaller the temperature difference between the air at the inlet 31 and the air at the outlet 36, the better. Specifically, the temperature of the air at the discharge port 36 is preferably about 5 ° C. to 10 ° C. higher than the temperature of the air at the introduction port 31, and more preferably the temperature difference is 5 ° C. or less.

  Moreover, since the energy saving apparatus 30 is applied to a dryer using air as a working fluid as described above, it does not require any special gas and the air after use for drying is used for heating the inflow air. Can be realized.

  Exergy loss occurs only in the difference between the compressor 34 and the expansion turbine 35 (net required work). Therefore, the energy saving apparatus 30 is a significant energy saving compared to the conventional dryer 120 (see FIG. 2C).

<Embodiment 3>
Embodiment 3 shown to FIG. 3A applies the energy saving apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention to a heater.

  In the energy saving apparatus 40 of this embodiment shown in FIG. 3A, the heat exchanger 42 has a first flow path 42A and a second flow path 42B through which the working fluid flows. The first inlet 41 is an inlet for taking in outside air. The second introduction port 48 is an inlet for taking in the air in the chamber 43. Moreover, it is preferable that the rotating shaft of the compressor 44 and the rotating shaft of the turbine 45 are connected. The working fluid is air. In the heat exchanger 42 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 42A is the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 42B is the heat dissipation side.

  The energy saving apparatus 40 includes a first inlet 41, a first flow path 42A of the heat exchanger 42, a chamber 43 (unit to be processed), a compressor 44, a second flow path 42B of the heat exchanger 42, and a turbine 45, which are sequentially piped. Connected and configured.

  Next, the operation of the energy saving apparatus 40 will be described. In order to make the explanation easy to understand, an example of the temperature of the air that is the working fluid will be described. Outside air (10 ° C.) is taken from the first inlet 41 and the outside air flows into the first flow path 42 </ b> A of the heat exchanger 42. This outside air is heated in the heat exchanger 42 by high-temperature air flowing through the second flow path 12B. The air (30 ° C.) in the first flow path 42A, which has obtained heat from the air (35 ° C.) in the second flow path 42B, is discharged from the blower port 47 to the chamber 43 (15 ° C.), warming the air inside the chamber 43. (25 ° C.). And the air (25 degreeC) of the chamber 43 taken in from the 2nd inlet 48 is adiabatically compressed with the compressor 44, and turns into high temperature / high pressure air (35 degreeC). This high-temperature and high-pressure air flows into the second flow path 42B of the heat exchanger 42 and heats the air (10 ° C.) in the first flow path 42A. The temperature of the air in the second flow path 42B is reduced by heat exchange (15 ° C.). The air that has exited the second flow path 42B is adiabatically expanded by the turbine 45, becomes low temperature and low pressure (5 ° C.), and is discharged from the discharge port 46.

  Thus, the energy saving apparatus 40 of Embodiment 3 can implement | achieve energy saving rather than the conventional heater by exchanging heat between working fluids using the self-heat of the working fluid which left the chamber 43.

  Note that work is required to circulate heat, and this work is applied to the system as power for the compressor 44. A part of the power is recovered by the power generated by the turbine 45.

  In other words, exergy loss occurs only in the difference between the compressor 44 and the expansion turbine 45 (net required work). Therefore, the energy saving device 40 is significantly energy saving as compared with the conventional heater 130.

<Embodiment 4>
Embodiment 4 shown to FIG. 4A applies an energy saving apparatus to a sterilizer. The sterilization apparatus is an apparatus that is mainly used in the fields of medical treatment and biological experiments, and sterilizes an object with water vapor.

  In the energy saving device 50 shown in FIG. 4A, the heat exchanger 52 has a first flow path 52A and a second flow path 52B through which the working fluid flows. Further, the outlet of the first flow path 52A and the compressor 53 are connected by a first pipe 57A. Further, the compressor 53 and the inlet of the second flow path 52B are connected by a second pipe 57B, and the unit to be processed 54 is disposed in the middle of the second pipe 57B. Further, the inlet of the first flow path 52 </ b> A of the heat exchanger 52 and the inlet 51 are connected, and the outlet of the second flow path 52 </ b> B of the heat exchanger 52 and the outlet 56 are connected via a valve 55. The working fluid flows in the order of the introduction port 51, the first flow path 52A of the heat exchanger 52, the compressor 53, the unit to be treated 54, the second flow path 52B of the heat exchanger 52, the valve 55, and the discharge port 56. In the heat exchanger 52 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 52A is the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 52B is the heat dissipation side.

  Next, operation | movement of the energy saving apparatus 50 is demonstrated along the flow of a working fluid. For easy understanding, an example of the temperature and pressure of the working fluid is described. Water (25 ° C., 1 atm) is taken from the inlet 51 by a pump (not shown) and flows into the first flow path 52A of the heat exchanger 52. In the heat exchanger 52, the working fluid in the first channel 52A is heated by the working fluid flowing through the second channel 52B. The water in the first flow path 52A that has obtained heat from the working fluid in the second flow path 52B becomes water vapor (360 ° C., 1 atm). The water vapor (360 ° C., 1 atm) exiting from the first flow path 52A flows into the compressor 53 and is adiabatically compressed by the compressor 53 to become high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor (400 ° C., 1.3 atm). It flows into the unit 54 and sterilizes the object. And the water vapor | steam used by the to-be-processed unit 54 flows in into the 2nd flow path 52B of the heat exchanger 52, and gives heat to the water of the 1st flow path 52A. The water vapor in the second flow path 52B is deprived of heat and becomes water or a gas-liquid mixed fluid of water and water vapor. After that, the water or the gas-liquid mixed fluid of water and water vapor that has exited the second flow path 52 </ b> B is decompressed by the valve 55 and then discharged from the outlet 56.

  Here, the energy consumption in the energy saving apparatus 50 of this embodiment is compared with the energy consumption in the conventional sterilization apparatus 140 (refer FIG. 4B).

First, in the conventional sterilizer 140, the energy required to heat 1 kg of water at room temperature and normal pressure (25 ° C., 1 atm) to 400 ° C. using the boiler 141 is determined from the difference in enthalpy of water and steam at a certain temperature. It can be calculated as follows.
・ Enthalpy at 400 ° C. (3333.8-3230.4) /50*23+3230.4=3278 kJ / kg
・ Enthalpy at 298 ° C. (112.6-70.8) /10*8+70.8=104.2 kJ / kg
・ Required energy (enthalpy difference)
3278-104 = 3174kJ / kg

Assuming that the amount of water is 14.5 mol (261 g), the amount of energy required for the boiler is as follows.
・ 3174J / g * 261g = 828kJ / g
(828 kJ / g) / (18 g / mol) = 46 kJ / mol

  On the other hand, when the energy consumption in the process in the energy saving apparatus 50 is calculated by applying the above equation, the energy consumption is 1.4 kJ / mol. As described above, since the energy consumption in the process of the conventional sterilization apparatus 140 is 46 kJ / mol, it can be seen that significant energy saving can be realized by using the energy saving apparatus 60.

<Embodiment 5>
In the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the energy saving apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied to a cooling device.

  In the energy saving apparatus 60 of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the heat exchanger 62 has a first flow path 62A and a second flow path 62B through which the working fluid flows. The first inlet 61 is an inlet for taking in outside air. The second introduction port 68 is an inlet for taking in the air in the chamber 83. Further, the rotating shaft of the compressor 64 and the rotating shaft of the turbine 65 are connected. The working fluid is air. In the heat exchanger 62 of the present embodiment, the first flow path 62A is the heat receiving side, and the second flow path 62B is the heat dissipation side.

  The energy saving device 60 includes a first introduction port 61, a compressor 64, a second flow path 62B of the heat exchanger 62, a turbine 65, a chamber 63 (unit to be treated), a first flow path 62A of the heat exchanger 62, and a discharge port 66. Are connected and configured by piping.

  Next, the operation of the energy saving device 60 will be described. In order to make the explanation easy to understand, an example of the air temperature is described. The outside air (30 ° C.) taken from the first inlet 61 is adiabatically compressed by the compressor 64 to become high-temperature and high-pressure air (40 ° C.). The high-temperature and high-pressure air (40 ° C.) flows into the second flow path 62B of the heat exchanger 62. The high-temperature and high-pressure air (40 ° C.) flowing into the second flow path 62B is cooled by exchanging heat with the low-temperature air (25 ° C.) flowing through the first flow path 62A. The air (30 ° C.) in the second flow path 62B, which has been deprived of heat by the air in the first flow path 62A (25 ° C.), is adiabatically expanded by the turbine 65 to become lower temperature air (10 ° C.). To the chamber 63 (35 ° C.), and the air in the chamber 63 is cooled (25 ° C.). Then, the air (25 ° C.) in the chamber 63 taken in from the second introduction port 68 flows into the first flow path 62A of the heat exchanger 62, and cools the air (40 ° C.) in the second flow path 62B. Then, the temperature becomes close to the outside air (35 ° C.) and is discharged from the discharge port 66.

  As described above, the energy saving device 60 according to the fifth embodiment can realize energy saving as compared with the conventional air conditioner by using the self-heat of the working fluid exiting the chamber 63 by heat exchange. Moreover, the energy saving apparatus 60 does not require a refrigerant such as chlorofluorocarbon, and is excellent in environmental performance.

  Note that this embodiment requires work to circulate heat, and this work is applied to the system as power for the compressor 64. This power is recovered by the power generated by the turbine 65.

  In other words, exergy loss occurs only in the difference between the compressor 64 and the expansion turbine 65 (net required work). Therefore, the energy saving device 60 is significantly energy saving compared to the conventional cooling device 150.

  As described above, the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, but various additions, modifications, or deletions can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Energy saving apparatus 10A 1st fluid circuit 10B 2nd fluid circuit 11a Inlet 11b Outlet 12 1st heat exchanger 12A 1st flow path 12B 2nd flow path 13 To-be-processed unit 14 2nd heat exchanger 14A 4th flow path 14B Third flow path 15 valve (first pressure reducing part)
16 Pump 17 Compressor 18 Turbine (second decompression section)
20 Energy Saving Device 21 Inlet 22 Heat Exchanger 22A First Channel 22B Second Channel 23 Unit to be Processed 24 Compressor 25 Turbine 26 Discharge Port 30 Energy Saving Device 31 Inlet 32 Heat Exchanger 32A First Channel 32B Second Channel 33 tanks (units to be treated)
34 Compressor 35 Turbine 36 Discharge port 37 Blower fan 40 Energy saving device 41 First introduction port 42 Heat exchanger 42A First flow path 42B Second flow path 43 Chamber (unit to be processed)
44 Compressor 45 Turbine 46 Discharge Port 47 Blower Port 48 Second Inlet Port 50 Energy Saving Device 51 Inlet Port 52 Heat Exchanger 52A First Channel 52B Second Channel 53 Compressor 54 Unit to be Processed 55 Valve (Pressure Reduction Valve)
56 outlet 60 energy-saving device 61 first inlet 62 heat exchanger 62A first channel 62B second channel 63 chamber (unit to be treated)
64 Compressor 65 Turbine 66 Discharge port 67 Blower port 68 Second introduction port

In order to solve the above problems, an energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to the present invention includes a first fluid circuit in which a first working fluid flows, a second fluid circuit in which a second working fluid that is a gas flows, A first heat exchanger that radiates heat from the second working fluid and receives heat from the first working fluid; a second heat exchanger that radiates heat from the first working fluid and receives heat from the second working fluid; A compressor disposed upstream of the first heat exchanger and downstream of the second heat exchanger in a second fluid circuit; and downstream of the first heat exchanger in the second fluid circuit. An expander disposed upstream of the second heat exchanger, and downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the first fluid circuit. And a unit to be processed.

The second working fluid to be compressed / expanded is a gas . On the other hand, the first working fluid may be a compressive fluid or an incompressible fluid. As a result, even in a device that uses an incompressible fluid as a working fluid, by using another working fluid that is a gas (second working fluid), it is possible to save energy by using the self-heat of these working fluids. It can be realized .

Claims (16)

A first fluid circuit through which the first working fluid flows;
A second fluid circuit through which a second working fluid that is a compressible fluid flows;
A first heat exchanger for radiating heat from the second working fluid and receiving heat by the first working fluid;
A second heat exchanger in which the first working fluid radiates heat and the second working fluid receives heat;
A compressor disposed upstream of the first heat exchanger and downstream of the second heat exchanger in the second fluid circuit;
An expander disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger in the second fluid circuit;
In the first fluid circuit, a processing target unit disposed downstream of the first heat exchanger and upstream of the second heat exchanger,
Energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration. The power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor.
An energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration according to claim 1. The rotating shaft of the expander and the rotating shaft of the compressor are connected,
An energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration according to claim 2. A transport pump disposed at an inlet of the first fluid circuit;
The energy saving device using self-heat regeneration according to claim 1, further comprising a pressure reducing valve disposed at an outlet of the first fluid circuit. A treated unit into which a working fluid that is a compressive fluid flows, and
A heat exchanger that radiates heat from the unit to be treated and receives heat from the working fluid before entering the unit to be treated;
A compressor disposed between the unit to be treated and the heat exchanger,
Energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration.   The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 5, further comprising an expander that expands the working fluid radiated in the heat exchanger. The power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor.
An energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 6. The working fluid is air;
The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 7, wherein the air exiting the unit to be treated dissipates heat in the heat exchanger after passing through the compressor. The working fluid is water or steam;
The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 5, wherein the water or air received by the heat exchanger flows into the processing target unit after passing through the compressor.   The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 9, further comprising a pressure reducing valve for reducing the pressure of the working fluid radiated in the heat exchanger.   The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 10, wherein the unit to be treated is a unit that performs sterilization.   The energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 10, wherein the unit to be treated is a unit for performing concrete curing. A compressor for compressing air taken in from the outside;
A unit to be processed disposed downstream of the compressor;
An expander that expands the air and delivers it to the unit to be treated;
A heat exchanger that radiates heat after exiting the compressor and before flowing into the expander, and that receives heat from the air exiting the unit to be treated.
Energy-saving device using self-heat regeneration. The power generated from the expander is used as power for driving the compressor.
An energy saving apparatus using self-heat regeneration according to claim 13. A step of flowing a working fluid that is a compressible fluid into the unit to be treated;
Using the working fluid in the unit to be treated;
Compressing the working fluid discharged from the unit to be treated;
The compressed working fluid radiates heat and performs heat exchange to receive heat from the working fluid before flowing into the unit to be processed.
Energy saving method using self-heat regeneration. Further comprising a step of expanding the radiated working fluid, and using power generated in the expansion step as power in the compression step.
An energy saving method using self-heat regeneration according to claim 15.

Images