JPWO2011037077A1 - Combustion apparatus and method using emulsion fuel, and apparatus and method for producing emulsion fuel - Google Patents
Combustion apparatus and method using emulsion fuel, and apparatus and method for producing emulsion fuel Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 113
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
- F23K5/08—Preparation of fuel
- F23K5/10—Mixing with other fluids
- F23K5/12—Preparing emulsions
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
【課題】低コストで、かつ、主としてエマルジョン燃料の生成と生成されたエマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼とを連続的に行なうことに適した燃焼装置及び方法を提供する。【解決手段】油タンクと、水タンクと、攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、オゾン供給源からオゾンを混合室へ供給するオゾン供給路と、燃焼手段と、混合室から燃焼手段へ燃料を供給する燃料供給路と、を備え、電気分解槽において、前記水タンクから供給された水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成され、混合室で生成されたエマルジョン燃料を燃焼手段に供給して燃焼させるように構成されている。【選択図】図１Disclosed is a combustion apparatus and method that are low-cost and that are suitable mainly for continuous generation of emulsion fuel and combustion using the generated emulsion fuel. An oil tank, a water tank, a mixing chamber provided with stirring means, an oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber, and a water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path, an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from an ozone supply source to the mixing chamber, a combustion means, and a fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means, In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles. In the mixing chamber, the fuel oil and the mixture are supplied with ozone. While stirring and mixing, emulsion fuel is generated, and the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber is supplied to the combustion means and burned. [Selection] Figure 1
Description
本発明は、エマルジョン燃料に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an emulsion fuel.
近年の環境問題への関心の高まり等の理由から、燃料油と水とを乳化させてなるエマルジョン燃料が注目されている。 Emulsion fuel obtained by emulsifying fuel oil and water has been attracting attention for reasons such as increased interest in environmental problems in recent years.
エマルジョン燃料の多くは乳化剤を用いて燃料油と水とを乳化させるものであることから、乳化剤のコストが発生するという課題がある。また、乳化剤（界面活性剤）はエマルジョン燃料の燃焼時に黒煙を発生させるおそれがある。 Since many emulsion fuels emulsify fuel oil and water using an emulsifier, there is a problem that the cost of the emulsifier is generated. Further, the emulsifier (surfactant) may generate black smoke when the emulsion fuel burns.
また、エマルジョン燃料の他の課題としては、いかにして長期保存を行なうかということがある。例えば、特許文献１乃至４に例示する提案は、エマルジョン燃料の長期保存を目的としている。
特許文献２は、オゾンを用いて燃料油と水とを乳化するものであるが、そこに開示された具体的な構成は、エマルジョン組成物の経時分散安定性を高めるためのものである。
本発明は、このように従来技術に見られるエマルジョン燃料の長期保存を主眼とするものではない。
Patent Document 2 is to emulsify fuel oil and water using ozone, and the specific configuration disclosed therein is for improving the temporal dispersion stability of the emulsion composition.
Thus, the present invention does not focus on long-term storage of emulsion fuel found in the prior art.
本発明は、低コストで、かつ、主としてエマルジョン燃料の生成と生成されたエマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼とを連続的に行なうことに適した燃焼装置及び方法、エマルジョン燃料の製造装置及び方法を提供することを目的とするものである。 The present invention provides a combustion apparatus and method, and an emulsion fuel production apparatus and method suitable for continuously performing low-cost, mainly generation of emulsion fuel and combustion using the generated emulsion fuel. It is for the purpose.
本発明が採用した第１の技術手段は、
燃料油を収容する油タンクと、
水を収容する水タンクと、
攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、
油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、
水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、
水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、
混合室へのオゾン供給手段と、
燃焼手段と、
混合室から燃焼手段へ燃料を供給する燃料供給路と、
を備え、
前記電気分解槽において、前記水タンクから供給された水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、
前記混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成され、
前記混合室で生成されたエマルジョン燃料を燃焼手段に供給して燃焼させるように構成されている、エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置、である。
１つの態様では、前記混合室へのオゾン供給手段は、オゾン供給源と、オゾン供給源からオゾンを混合室へ供給するオゾン供給路と、からなる。また、電気分解槽で生成された酸素からオゾンを生成してオゾン供給源としたり、あるいは、電気分解槽で酸素と共にオゾンを生成させてもよい（例えば、電気分解式オゾン発生器を用いる）。The first technical means adopted by the present invention is:
An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
Combustion means;
A fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel configured to supply the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber to combustion means and burn it.
In one aspect, the ozone supply means to the mixing chamber includes an ozone supply source and an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber. Further, ozone may be generated from oxygen generated in the electrolysis tank to serve as an ozone supply source, or ozone may be generated together with oxygen in the electrolysis tank (for example, using an electrolysis ozone generator).
１つの態様では、油タンクから供給される燃料油と水タンクから供給される水とが、燃料油対水の体積比５対５〜９対１の割合で供給される。 In one aspect, the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied at a fuel oil to water volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1.
１つの態様では、前記混合室内の圧力は、生成されたエマルジョン燃料が当該圧力によって燃焼手段に供給される程度の所定の圧力に設定されており、
前記混合室には、混合室内の圧力を監視する圧力センサが設けてあり、
水供給路、油供給路にはそれぞれ流量調整弁が設けてあり、
前記圧力センサの検知に基づいて前記流量調整弁を介して前記混合室に流入する油及び水の量を調整するように構成されている。
燃焼手段としては、バーナ、ボイラ、内燃機関を例示することができる。In one aspect, the pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure,
The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber,
The water supply passage and the oil supply passage each have a flow rate adjustment valve.
Based on the detection of the pressure sensor, the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber via the flow rate adjusting valve is adjusted.
Examples of the combustion means include a burner, a boiler, and an internal combustion engine.
本発明が採用した第２の技術手段は、
燃料油と水とを、燃料油対水の体積比５対５〜９対１の割合で用意し、
水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、
燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料を生成し、
生成したエマルジョン燃料を燃焼手段に供給して燃焼させる、
エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼方法、である。The second technical means adopted by the present invention is:
Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Supply the produced emulsion fuel to the combustion means and burn it,
A combustion method using emulsion fuel.
本発明が採用した第３の技術手段は、
燃料油を収容する油タンクと、
水を収容する水タンクと、
攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、
油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、
水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、
水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、
混合室へのオゾン供給手段と、
を備え、
前記電気分解槽において、前記水タンクから供給された水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、
前記混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成される、
エマルジョン燃料の製造装置、である。
１つの態様では、前記混合室へのオゾン供給手段は、オゾン供給源と、オゾン供給源からオゾンを混合室へ供給するオゾン供給路と、からなる。また、電気分解槽で生成された酸素からオゾンを生成してオゾン供給源としたり、あるいは、電気分解槽で酸素と共にオゾンを生成させてもよい（例えば、電気分解式オゾン発生器を用いる）。The third technical means adopted by the present invention is:
An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, an emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
An apparatus for producing emulsion fuel.
In one aspect, the ozone supply means to the mixing chamber includes an ozone supply source and an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber. Further, ozone may be generated from oxygen generated in the electrolysis tank to serve as an ozone supply source, or ozone may be generated together with oxygen in the electrolysis tank (for example, using an electrolysis ozone generator).
１つの態様では、油タンクから供給される燃料油と水タンクから供給される水とが、燃料油対水の体積比５対５〜９対１の割合で供給される。 In one aspect, the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied at a fuel oil to water volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1.
本発明が採用した第４の技術手段は、
燃料油と水とを、燃料油対水の体積比５対５〜９対１の割合で用意し、
水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、
燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料を生成する、
エマルジョン燃料の製造法、である。The fourth technical means adopted by the present invention is:
Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A method for producing emulsion fuel.
本発明に用いられる燃料油は、重油、軽油、灯油、ガソリン、あるいは、これらの任意の混合物から選択され得る。１つの好ましい態様では、重油を用いてエマルジョン燃料が生成される。重油として粘度の高いB重油やC重油を用いる場合には、重油を予熱（例えば、８０℃程度）するためのヒータを油供給路に設けること、また、循環路を形成して、燃焼時以外の状態においても油を循環させることが望ましいことが当業者に理解される。 The fuel oil used in the present invention may be selected from heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, gasoline, or any mixture thereof. In one preferred embodiment, heavy oil is used to produce an emulsion fuel. When using heavy B heavy oil or C heavy oil as heavy oil, provide a heater for preheating heavy oil (for example, about 80 ° C) in the oil supply path, and forming a circulation path, except during combustion It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is desirable to circulate oil even in this state.
本発明では、電気分解によって、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料を生成することで、このエマルジョン燃料は、燃料全体に対する燃料油の割合が比較的低くても（例えば、体積比７０％）、十分な温度での燃焼が得られるため、エマルジョン燃料における燃料油の割合を低く抑えることができ、燃焼効率の良いエマルジョン燃料を提供することができる。十分な燃焼温度を得ることに関しては、エマルジョン燃料に含まれる水素、酸素が助燃剤として寄与するものと考えられる。 In the present invention, by electrolysis, a mixture of water and bubbles of oxygen and hydrogen is generated, and emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone. Even if the ratio of the fuel oil to the whole fuel is relatively low (for example, 70% by volume), the emulsion fuel can be burned at a sufficient temperature, so that the ratio of the fuel oil in the emulsion fuel can be kept low. And an emulsion fuel with good combustion efficiency can be provided. With regard to obtaining a sufficient combustion temperature, it is considered that hydrogen and oxygen contained in the emulsion fuel contribute as a combustion aid.
本発明では、乳化剤を用いずにオゾンを供給することで燃料油と水とを乳化させてエマルジョン燃料を生成するものであり、オゾン生成のコストは乳化剤に比べて低コストであることから、乳化剤を用いたエマルジョン燃料に比べて低コストでエマルジョン燃料を生成することができる。 In the present invention, by supplying ozone without using an emulsifier, fuel oil and water are emulsified to produce an emulsion fuel, and the cost of generating ozone is lower than that of an emulsifier. Emulsion fuel can be produced at a lower cost compared to emulsion fuel using
低コストでエマルジョン燃料を生成できることに加えて、生成されたエマルジョン燃料の燃焼効率が良好であるため、低コストの燃焼装置及び方法を提供することができる。 In addition to being able to produce emulsion fuel at a low cost, the combustion efficiency of the produced emulsion fuel is good, so that a low-cost combustion apparatus and method can be provided.
エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置の実施形態を図１に基づいて説明する。エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置は、燃料油を収容する油タンクと、水を収容する水タンクと、攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、オゾン供給源と、オゾン供給源からオゾンを混合室へ供給するオゾン供給路と、燃焼手段としてのバーナと、混合室からバーナへ燃料を供給する燃料供給路と、を備えている。 An embodiment of a combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel will be described with reference to FIG. A combustion apparatus using an emulsion fuel includes an oil tank for storing fuel oil, a water tank for storing water, a mixing chamber having a stirring means, an oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber, A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber, an electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path, an ozone supply source, an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber, and a combustion means And a fuel supply passage for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the burner.
水タンクから供給される水は、水供給路に配置されたポンプＰ１によって電気分解槽に圧送され、電気分解槽で電気分解されて水と、酸素の気泡と、水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、この混合物が混合室へ圧送される。水供給路において、電気分解槽と混合室の間には流量調整弁（電磁弁）Ｖ１が設けてある。 The water supplied from the water tank is pumped to the electrolysis tank by a pump P1 disposed in the water supply path, and electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank to form a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles, and hydrogen bubbles. Produced and pumped into the mixing chamber. In the water supply path, a flow rate adjusting valve (electromagnetic valve) V1 is provided between the electrolysis tank and the mixing chamber.
油タンクから供給される燃料油は、油供給路に配置されたポンプＰ２によって混合室へ圧送される。油供給路において、ポンプ２と混合室の間には流量調整弁（電磁弁）Ｖ２が設けてある。 The fuel oil supplied from the oil tank is pumped to the mixing chamber by a pump P2 disposed in the oil supply path. In the oil supply path, a flow rate adjusting valve (solenoid valve) V2 is provided between the pump 2 and the mixing chamber.
混合室へは、油タンクから供給される燃料油と水タンクから供給される水との割合が、燃料油対水の体積比５対５〜９対１の割合で供給される。より具体的には、例えば、燃料油６：水４の割合、燃料油７：水３の割合、燃料油８：水２の割合、で供給される。図示の態様では、水供給路と油供給路とは独立しており、それぞれ別個に混合室と連通している。水供給路と油供給路とは、それぞれ別個に混合室と連通させても、あるいは、混合室の手間で合流させて混合室と連通させてもよい。 The ratio between the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank is supplied to the mixing chamber at a ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 in the volume ratio of the fuel oil to water. More specifically, for example, fuel oil 6: water 4 ratio, fuel oil 7: water 3 ratio, fuel oil 8: water 2 ratio are supplied. In the illustrated embodiment, the water supply path and the oil supply path are independent of each other and communicate with the mixing chamber separately. The water supply path and the oil supply path may be individually communicated with the mixing chamber, or may be merged with the mixing chamber and communicated with the mixing chamber.
コンプレッサから供給される濃縮酸素を用いてオゾン発生器においてオゾンが生成され、生成されたオゾンはオゾン供給路を通って混合室に供給される。供給するオゾンの濃度は高い方が望ましい。混合室に供給されるオゾンの濃度は、１００００ｐｐｍ以上、好ましくは、２００００ｐｐｍ以上である。
１つの態様では、無声放電式のオゾン発生器を用いて酸素からオゾンを生成する。無声放電式には、回転電極式型、ガラス円筒型、沿面型、プレート型、等の様々な型が知られている。高濃度のオゾンを生成するためには、無声放電式が有利であり、特に、酸素ガスを原料とすることで２００００ｐｐｍを超える濃度のオゾンを生成することができる。図１の態様では、コンプレッサから送られた圧縮空気を、酸素・窒素分離槽として機能するゼオライト槽によって窒素が分離されて排気弁から排出され、ゼオライト槽から得られた酸素は酸素圧力調整タンクを介して濃縮酸素としてオゾン発生器に供給され、オゾンが生成される。オゾンを発生させる方式としては、その他にも、紫外線ランプ式、電解式、等が知られている。オゾン発生方法やオゾン発生器の基本的な構成は当業者によく知られているため詳細な説明は省略する。
また、電気分解槽で水を電気分解することで生成した酸素を取り出して、当該酸素からオゾンを生成して、混合室に供給するようにしてもよい。あるいは、電気分解式オゾン発生器を用いて水を電気分解することで、酸素と共にオゾンを生成するようにしてもよい。Ozone is generated in the ozone generator using the concentrated oxygen supplied from the compressor, and the generated ozone is supplied to the mixing chamber through the ozone supply path. The higher the concentration of ozone supplied, the better. The concentration of ozone supplied to the mixing chamber is 10,000 ppm or more, preferably 20000 ppm or more.
In one embodiment, ozone is generated from oxygen using a silent discharge type ozone generator. Various types such as a rotating electrode type, a glass cylindrical type, a creeping type, and a plate type are known as silent discharge types. In order to generate high-concentration ozone, the silent discharge method is advantageous, and in particular, ozone having a concentration exceeding 20000 ppm can be generated by using oxygen gas as a raw material. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, compressed air sent from the compressor is separated from nitrogen by a zeolite tank functioning as an oxygen / nitrogen separation tank and discharged from an exhaust valve. Then, it is supplied to the ozone generator as concentrated oxygen, and ozone is generated. In addition, as a method for generating ozone, an ultraviolet lamp method, an electrolytic method, and the like are known. Since the basic configuration of the ozone generation method and the ozone generator is well known to those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
Alternatively, oxygen generated by electrolyzing water in an electrolysis tank may be taken out, ozone may be generated from the oxygen, and supplied to the mixing chamber. Or you may make it produce | generate ozone with oxygen by electrolyzing water using an electrolysis-type ozone generator.
混合室内には、モータによって回転駆動する回転ミキサーが設けてあり、混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物（水と、酸素の気泡と、水素の気泡と、の混合物）を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成される。オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することで、燃料油と水とは数分で乳化してエマルジョン燃料となる。混合室に燃料油と水を連続的に供給することで、混合室内でエマルジョン燃料が連続的に生成される。
混合室内で生成されたエマルジョン燃料には、水素（前記混合物に含まれる水素）および酸素（前記混合物に含まれる酸素、さらに供給されたオゾンから酸素が生成される場合もあり得る）が含まれている。これらの水素、酸素は助燃剤として作用する。In the mixing chamber, a rotary mixer that is driven to rotate by a motor is provided. In the mixing chamber, ozone is supplied to the fuel oil and the mixture (a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles, and hydrogen bubbles). Emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing. By stirring and mixing while supplying ozone, the fuel oil and water are emulsified in a few minutes to become an emulsion fuel. By continuously supplying fuel oil and water to the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is continuously generated in the mixing chamber.
The emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber contains hydrogen (hydrogen contained in the mixture) and oxygen (oxygen may be produced from oxygen contained in the mixture and further supplied ozone). Yes. These hydrogen and oxygen act as a combustion aid.
混合室内の圧力は、生成されたエマルジョン燃料が当該圧力によって燃焼手段に供給される程度の所定の圧力に設定されている。すなわち、混合室内の液体の圧力により逐次生成されるエマルジョン燃料が燃料供給路を通って連続的にバーナに供給されるようになっている。混合室で生成されたエマルジョン燃料をバーナに供給して燃焼させる。 The pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure. That is, the emulsion fuel sequentially generated by the pressure of the liquid in the mixing chamber is continuously supplied to the burner through the fuel supply path. The emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber is supplied to the burner and burned.
混合室には、混合室内の圧力を監視する圧力センサが設けてあり、混合室内の圧力が予め設定した所定の圧力であるか否かを監視する。水供給路、油供給路にはそれぞれ流量調整弁が設けてあり、前記圧力センサの検知に基づいて、混合室内の圧力が適切な範囲にあるか否かを決定し、前記流量調整弁を介して前記混合室に流入する油及び水の量を調整する。混合室内の圧力が所定の圧力よりも下がった場合には、流量調整弁を開いて、流量を多くする。混合室内の圧力が過度に高圧となった場合には、流量調整弁を閉じて、流量を少なくする。燃焼手段（例えば、バーナやボイラの比例制御運転）で必要とされる燃料の量は時間と共に変動するので、混合室内の圧力を監視することで、これに対応することができる。また、混合室には空気抜き弁が設けてあり、使用に際して余分な気体を空気抜き弁から排気することができる。 The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber, and monitors whether the pressure in the mixing chamber is a predetermined pressure set in advance. Each of the water supply passage and the oil supply passage is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve, and based on the detection of the pressure sensor, it is determined whether or not the pressure in the mixing chamber is within an appropriate range, and the flow rate adjustment valve Adjusting the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber. When the pressure in the mixing chamber falls below a predetermined pressure, the flow rate adjustment valve is opened to increase the flow rate. When the pressure in the mixing chamber becomes excessively high, the flow rate adjustment valve is closed to reduce the flow rate. Since the amount of fuel required by the combustion means (for example, proportional control operation of a burner or a boiler) varies with time, this can be dealt with by monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber. In addition, an air vent valve is provided in the mixing chamber, and excess gas can be exhausted from the air vent valve when used.
［実験例］
燃料油としてＡ重油を用いて実験を行なった。
先ず、Ａ重油のみを燃料として用いてバーナを燃焼させたところ、燃焼温度が１１００℃であった。[Experimental example]
The experiment was conducted using A heavy oil as fuel oil.
First, when the burner was burned using only A heavy oil as fuel, the combustion temperature was 1100 ° C.
次に、Ａ重油と水との体積比７０：３０を用意し、図１に示す燃焼装置を用いて燃焼実験を行なった。供給したオゾン濃度は、２００００ppｍ、予め設定した混合室内の圧力は０．３ｋｇｆ／ｃｍ２、ミキサーの回転速度は１３８０ｒｐｍとした。水を電気分解槽で電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、Ａ重油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら混合室内で攪拌・混合することで得られたエマルジョン燃料を用いて同じバーナを燃焼させたところ、燃焼温度が１０８０℃であった。Next, a volume ratio of A heavy oil to water of 70:30 was prepared, and a combustion experiment was performed using the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. The supplied ozone concentration was 20000 ppm, the preset pressure in the mixing chamber was 0.3 kgf / cm 2 , and the rotational speed of the mixer was 1380 rpm. It is obtained by electrolyzing water in an electrolysis tank to form a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles, and stirring and mixing A heavy oil and the mixture in a mixing chamber while supplying ozone. When the same burner was burned using the emulsion fuel, the combustion temperature was 1080 ° C.
体積比７０：３０の時に得られた燃焼温度は、Ａ重油のみで得られた燃焼温度の９８％に達していることは注目されるべきである。これは、電気分解槽によって生成された「水と、酸素の気泡と、水素の気泡と、の混合物」と混合室に供給される「オゾン」との組み合わせによる相乗効果が影響しているものと考えられる。
この方法で生成したエマルジョン燃料を透明な容器に入れて放置すると、油が主の上層と水が主の下層（透明な水ではなく不透明の綿状の層として観察される）の２層に分離するが、容器を手で振るだけで上下の層が直ちに混合することがわかった。
また、混合室内で生成されたエマルジョン燃料には水素、酸素が混合されており、この水素、酸素がバーナによる燃焼時に助燃剤として作用するものと考えられる。It should be noted that the combustion temperature obtained at a volume ratio of 70:30 has reached 98% of the combustion temperature obtained with heavy oil A alone. This is due to the synergistic effect of the combination of “a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles and hydrogen bubbles” generated by the electrolysis tank and “ozone” supplied to the mixing chamber. Conceivable.
When the emulsion fuel produced by this method is left in a transparent container, the oil separates into two layers: the main upper layer and water as the main lower layer (observed as an opaque cotton-like layer, not clear water). However, it was found that the upper and lower layers were immediately mixed by simply shaking the container.
In addition, it is considered that the emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber is mixed with hydrogen and oxygen, and this hydrogen and oxygen act as a combustion aid during combustion by the burner.
体積比において、燃料油の割合が少なくなれば、その分燃焼温度が低くなるであろうことは当業者に予想される。実際、６０：４０の場合には、９００℃〜９８０℃、５０：５０の場合には８９０℃〜９００℃程度の燃焼温度が得られた。用途によっては、これらの燃焼温度であっても利点はあるものと考えられる。
一方、燃料油の割合が多くなれば、その分燃焼温度が高くなるであろうことは当業者に予想されるが、体積比７０：３０の時点で既に、Ａ重油のみで得られた燃焼温度の９８％に達しているため、少なくともコストの観点からは、重油の割合をさらに大きくする利点は必ずしも大きくなないと考えられる。It is anticipated by those skilled in the art that if the proportion of fuel oil decreases in volume ratio, the combustion temperature will decrease accordingly. Actually, in the case of 60:40, a combustion temperature of about 900 ° C. to 980 ° C. and in the case of 50:50, a combustion temperature of about 890 ° C. to 900 ° C. was obtained. Depending on the application, these combustion temperatures may be advantageous.
On the other hand, it is expected by those skilled in the art that if the proportion of fuel oil increases, the combustion temperature will increase accordingly, but the combustion temperature already obtained with only A heavy oil at the time of the volume ratio of 70:30. Therefore, it is considered that the advantage of further increasing the ratio of heavy oil does not necessarily increase, at least from the viewpoint of cost.
本発明に係るエマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置は、生成したエマルジョン燃料を連続して用いる燃焼装置に用いることができ、例えば、内燃機関に利用することができる。 The combustion apparatus using the emulsion fuel according to the present invention can be used in a combustion apparatus that continuously uses the produced emulsion fuel, and can be used, for example, in an internal combustion engine.
Claims (7)
水を収容する水タンクと、
攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、
油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、
水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、
水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、
混合室へのオゾン供給手段と、
燃焼手段と、
混合室から燃焼手段へ燃料を供給する燃料供給路と、
を備え、
前記電気分解槽において、前記水タンクから供給された水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、
前記混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成され、
前記混合室で生成されたエマルジョン燃料を燃焼手段に供給して燃焼させるように構成されている、エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置。An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
Combustion means;
A fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel configured to supply the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber to combustion means and burn it.
前記混合室には、混合室内の圧力を監視する圧力センサが設けてあり、
水供給路、油供給路にはそれぞれ流量調整弁が設けてあり、
前記圧力センサの検知に基づいて前記流量調整弁を介して前記混合室に流入する油及び水の量を調整するように構成されている、請求項１、２いずれかに記載のエマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼装置。The pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure,
The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber,
The water supply passage and the oil supply passage each have a flow rate adjustment valve.
The emulsion fuel according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber via the flow rate adjustment valve is adjusted based on detection of the pressure sensor. Was a combustion device.
水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、
燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料を生成し、
生成したエマルジョン燃料を燃焼手段に供給して燃焼させる、
エマルジョン燃料を用いた燃焼方法。Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Supply the produced emulsion fuel to the combustion means and burn it,
Combustion method using emulsion fuel.
水を収容する水タンクと、
攪拌手段を備えた混合室と、
油タンクから混合室へ油を供給する油供給路と、
水タンクから混合室へ水を供給する水供給路と、
水供給路に設けた電気分解槽と、
混合室へのオゾン供給手段と、
を備え、
前記電気分解槽において、前記水タンクから供給された水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物が生成され、
前記混合室において、燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料が生成される、
エマルジョン燃料の製造装置。An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, an emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Emulsion fuel production equipment.
水を電気分解して、水と、酸素及び水素の気泡と、の混合物を生成し、
燃料油と前記混合物を、オゾンを供給しながら攪拌・混合することでエマルジョン燃料を生成する、
エマルジョン燃料の製造法。Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Production method of emulsion fuel.
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