JPWO2011037077A1 - Combustion apparatus and method using emulsion fuel, and apparatus and method for producing emulsion fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a combustion apparatus and method that are low-cost and that are suitable mainly for continuous generation of emulsion fuel and combustion using the generated emulsion fuel. An oil tank, a water tank, a mixing chamber provided with stirring means, an oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber, and a water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path, an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from an ozone supply source to the mixing chamber, a combustion means, and a fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means, In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles. In the mixing chamber, the fuel oil and the mixture are supplied with ozone. While stirring and mixing, emulsion fuel is generated, and the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber is supplied to the combustion means and burned. [Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an emulsion fuel.

  Emulsion fuel obtained by emulsifying fuel oil and water has been attracting attention for reasons such as increased interest in environmental problems in recent years.

  Since many emulsion fuels emulsify fuel oil and water using an emulsifier, there is a problem that the cost of the emulsifier is generated. Further, the emulsifier (surfactant) may generate black smoke when the emulsion fuel burns.

Another problem of emulsion fuel is how to store it for a long time. For example, the proposals exemplified in Patent Documents 1 to 4 aim at long-term storage of emulsion fuel.
Patent Document 2 is to emulsify fuel oil and water using ozone, and the specific configuration disclosed therein is for improving the temporal dispersion stability of the emulsion composition.
Thus, the present invention does not focus on long-term storage of emulsion fuel found in the prior art.
JP 2006-28215 A JP2008-19359 JP2008-45022 JP 2008-150421 A

  The present invention provides a combustion apparatus and method, and an emulsion fuel production apparatus and method suitable for continuously performing low-cost, mainly generation of emulsion fuel and combustion using the generated emulsion fuel. It is for the purpose.

The first technical means adopted by the present invention is:
An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
Combustion means;
A fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel configured to supply the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber to combustion means and burn it.
In one aspect, the ozone supply means to the mixing chamber includes an ozone supply source and an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber. Further, ozone may be generated from oxygen generated in the electrolysis tank to serve as an ozone supply source, or ozone may be generated together with oxygen in the electrolysis tank (for example, using an electrolysis ozone generator).

  In one aspect, the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied at a fuel oil to water volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1.

In one aspect, the pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure,
The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber,
The water supply passage and the oil supply passage each have a flow rate adjustment valve.
Based on the detection of the pressure sensor, the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber via the flow rate adjusting valve is adjusted.
Examples of the combustion means include a burner, a boiler, and an internal combustion engine.

The second technical means adopted by the present invention is:
Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Supply the produced emulsion fuel to the combustion means and burn it,
A combustion method using emulsion fuel.

The third technical means adopted by the present invention is:
An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, an emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
An apparatus for producing emulsion fuel.
In one aspect, the ozone supply means to the mixing chamber includes an ozone supply source and an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber. Further, ozone may be generated from oxygen generated in the electrolysis tank to serve as an ozone supply source, or ozone may be generated together with oxygen in the electrolysis tank (for example, using an electrolysis ozone generator).

  In one aspect, the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied at a fuel oil to water volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1.

The fourth technical means adopted by the present invention is:
Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A method for producing emulsion fuel.

  The fuel oil used in the present invention may be selected from heavy oil, light oil, kerosene, gasoline, or any mixture thereof. In one preferred embodiment, heavy oil is used to produce an emulsion fuel. When using heavy B heavy oil or C heavy oil as heavy oil, provide a heater for preheating heavy oil (for example, about 80 ° C) in the oil supply path, and forming a circulation path, except during combustion It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that it is desirable to circulate oil even in this state.

  In the present invention, by electrolysis, a mixture of water and bubbles of oxygen and hydrogen is generated, and emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone. Even if the ratio of the fuel oil to the whole fuel is relatively low (for example, 70% by volume), the emulsion fuel can be burned at a sufficient temperature, so that the ratio of the fuel oil in the emulsion fuel can be kept low. And an emulsion fuel with good combustion efficiency can be provided. With regard to obtaining a sufficient combustion temperature, it is considered that hydrogen and oxygen contained in the emulsion fuel contribute as a combustion aid.

  In the present invention, by supplying ozone without using an emulsifier, fuel oil and water are emulsified to produce an emulsion fuel, and the cost of generating ozone is lower than that of an emulsifier. Emulsion fuel can be produced at a lower cost compared to emulsion fuel using

  In addition to being able to produce emulsion fuel at a low cost, the combustion efficiency of the produced emulsion fuel is good, so that a low-cost combustion apparatus and method can be provided.

  An embodiment of a combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel will be described with reference to FIG. A combustion apparatus using an emulsion fuel includes an oil tank for storing fuel oil, a water tank for storing water, a mixing chamber having a stirring means, an oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber, A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber, an electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path, an ozone supply source, an ozone supply path for supplying ozone from the ozone supply source to the mixing chamber, and a combustion means And a fuel supply passage for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the burner.

  The water supplied from the water tank is pumped to the electrolysis tank by a pump P1 disposed in the water supply path, and electrolyzed in the electrolysis tank to form a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles, and hydrogen bubbles. Produced and pumped into the mixing chamber. In the water supply path, a flow rate adjusting valve (electromagnetic valve) V1 is provided between the electrolysis tank and the mixing chamber.

  The fuel oil supplied from the oil tank is pumped to the mixing chamber by a pump P2 disposed in the oil supply path. In the oil supply path, a flow rate adjusting valve (solenoid valve) V2 is provided between the pump 2 and the mixing chamber.

  The ratio between the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank is supplied to the mixing chamber at a ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 in the volume ratio of the fuel oil to water. More specifically, for example, fuel oil 6: water 4 ratio, fuel oil 7: water 3 ratio, fuel oil 8: water 2 ratio are supplied. In the illustrated embodiment, the water supply path and the oil supply path are independent of each other and communicate with the mixing chamber separately. The water supply path and the oil supply path may be individually communicated with the mixing chamber, or may be merged with the mixing chamber and communicated with the mixing chamber.

Ozone is generated in the ozone generator using the concentrated oxygen supplied from the compressor, and the generated ozone is supplied to the mixing chamber through the ozone supply path. The higher the concentration of ozone supplied, the better. The concentration of ozone supplied to the mixing chamber is 10,000 ppm or more, preferably 20000 ppm or more.
In one embodiment, ozone is generated from oxygen using a silent discharge type ozone generator. Various types such as a rotating electrode type, a glass cylindrical type, a creeping type, and a plate type are known as silent discharge types. In order to generate high-concentration ozone, the silent discharge method is advantageous, and in particular, ozone having a concentration exceeding 20000 ppm can be generated by using oxygen gas as a raw material. In the embodiment of FIG. 1, compressed air sent from the compressor is separated from nitrogen by a zeolite tank functioning as an oxygen / nitrogen separation tank and discharged from an exhaust valve. Then, it is supplied to the ozone generator as concentrated oxygen, and ozone is generated. In addition, as a method for generating ozone, an ultraviolet lamp method, an electrolytic method, and the like are known. Since the basic configuration of the ozone generation method and the ozone generator is well known to those skilled in the art, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
Alternatively, oxygen generated by electrolyzing water in an electrolysis tank may be taken out, ozone may be generated from the oxygen, and supplied to the mixing chamber. Or you may make it produce | generate ozone with oxygen by electrolyzing water using an electrolysis-type ozone generator.

In the mixing chamber, a rotary mixer that is driven to rotate by a motor is provided. In the mixing chamber, ozone is supplied to the fuel oil and the mixture (a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles, and hydrogen bubbles). Emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing. By stirring and mixing while supplying ozone, the fuel oil and water are emulsified in a few minutes to become an emulsion fuel. By continuously supplying fuel oil and water to the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is continuously generated in the mixing chamber.
The emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber contains hydrogen (hydrogen contained in the mixture) and oxygen (oxygen may be produced from oxygen contained in the mixture and further supplied ozone). Yes. These hydrogen and oxygen act as a combustion aid.

  The pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure. That is, the emulsion fuel sequentially generated by the pressure of the liquid in the mixing chamber is continuously supplied to the burner through the fuel supply path. The emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber is supplied to the burner and burned.

  The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber, and monitors whether the pressure in the mixing chamber is a predetermined pressure set in advance. Each of the water supply passage and the oil supply passage is provided with a flow rate adjustment valve, and based on the detection of the pressure sensor, it is determined whether or not the pressure in the mixing chamber is within an appropriate range, and the flow rate adjustment valve Adjusting the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber. When the pressure in the mixing chamber falls below a predetermined pressure, the flow rate adjustment valve is opened to increase the flow rate. When the pressure in the mixing chamber becomes excessively high, the flow rate adjustment valve is closed to reduce the flow rate. Since the amount of fuel required by the combustion means (for example, proportional control operation of a burner or a boiler) varies with time, this can be dealt with by monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber. In addition, an air vent valve is provided in the mixing chamber, and excess gas can be exhausted from the air vent valve when used.

[Experimental example]
The experiment was conducted using A heavy oil as fuel oil.
First, when the burner was burned using only A heavy oil as fuel, the combustion temperature was 1100 ° C.

Next, a volume ratio of A heavy oil to water of 70:30 was prepared, and a combustion experiment was performed using the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. The supplied ozone concentration was 20000 ppm, the preset pressure in the mixing chamber was 0.3 kgf / cm ² , and the rotational speed of the mixer was 1380 rpm. It is obtained by electrolyzing water in an electrolysis tank to form a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles, and stirring and mixing A heavy oil and the mixture in a mixing chamber while supplying ozone. When the same burner was burned using the emulsion fuel, the combustion temperature was 1080 ° C.

It should be noted that the combustion temperature obtained at a volume ratio of 70:30 has reached 98% of the combustion temperature obtained with heavy oil A alone. This is due to the synergistic effect of the combination of “a mixture of water, oxygen bubbles and hydrogen bubbles” generated by the electrolysis tank and “ozone” supplied to the mixing chamber. Conceivable.
When the emulsion fuel produced by this method is left in a transparent container, the oil separates into two layers: the main upper layer and water as the main lower layer (observed as an opaque cotton-like layer, not clear water). However, it was found that the upper and lower layers were immediately mixed by simply shaking the container.
In addition, it is considered that the emulsion fuel produced in the mixing chamber is mixed with hydrogen and oxygen, and this hydrogen and oxygen act as a combustion aid during combustion by the burner.

It is anticipated by those skilled in the art that if the proportion of fuel oil decreases in volume ratio, the combustion temperature will decrease accordingly. Actually, in the case of 60:40, a combustion temperature of about 900 ° C. to 980 ° C. and in the case of 50:50, a combustion temperature of about 890 ° C. to 900 ° C. was obtained. Depending on the application, these combustion temperatures may be advantageous.
On the other hand, it is expected by those skilled in the art that if the proportion of fuel oil increases, the combustion temperature will increase accordingly, but the combustion temperature already obtained with only A heavy oil at the time of the volume ratio of 70:30. Therefore, it is considered that the advantage of further increasing the ratio of heavy oil does not necessarily increase, at least from the viewpoint of cost.

  The combustion apparatus using the emulsion fuel according to the present invention can be used in a combustion apparatus that continuously uses the produced emulsion fuel, and can be used, for example, in an internal combustion engine.

A combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel is shown.

Claims (7)

An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
Combustion means;
A fuel supply path for supplying fuel from the mixing chamber to the combustion means;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
A combustion apparatus using emulsion fuel configured to supply the emulsion fuel generated in the mixing chamber to combustion means and burn it.   The emulsion fuel according to claim 1, wherein the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied in a volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1 of the fuel oil to water. Was a combustion device. The pressure in the mixing chamber is set to a predetermined pressure such that the generated emulsion fuel is supplied to the combustion means by the pressure,
The mixing chamber is provided with a pressure sensor for monitoring the pressure in the mixing chamber,
The water supply passage and the oil supply passage each have a flow rate adjustment valve.
The emulsion fuel according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the amount of oil and water flowing into the mixing chamber via the flow rate adjustment valve is adjusted based on detection of the pressure sensor. Was a combustion device. Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Supply the produced emulsion fuel to the combustion means and burn it,
Combustion method using emulsion fuel. An oil tank for containing fuel oil;
A water tank for containing water;
A mixing chamber equipped with stirring means;
An oil supply path for supplying oil from the oil tank to the mixing chamber;
A water supply path for supplying water from the water tank to the mixing chamber;
An electrolysis tank provided in the water supply path;
Means for supplying ozone to the mixing chamber;
With
In the electrolysis tank, the water supplied from the water tank is electrolyzed to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles,
In the mixing chamber, an emulsion fuel is generated by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Emulsion fuel production equipment.   6. Emulsion fuel production according to claim 5, wherein the fuel oil supplied from the oil tank and the water supplied from the water tank are supplied in a volume ratio of 5: 5 to 9: 1 of fuel oil to water. apparatus. Prepare fuel oil and water in a volume ratio of 5 to 5 to 1 for fuel oil to water,
Electrolyzing water to produce a mixture of water and oxygen and hydrogen bubbles;
An emulsion fuel is produced by stirring and mixing the fuel oil and the mixture while supplying ozone.
Production method of emulsion fuel.

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