ES2522817B1 - Heat generating system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention consists of a heat generator that initiates and maintains the separation of the components of water molecules by high temperature. The great generation of heat would allow its industrial use, for example, in the creation of electricity from inputs so cheap and abundant that it would result in a low production cost. As the investment is also low, these two factors would raise the return generated on the investment, which is why it is an extremely profitable system of heat generation.

Description

DESCRIPTION

Heat generating system

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

The object of the present invention is to describe a heat generator that initiates and maintains the separation of the components of the water molecules by high temperature. The great generation of heat would allow its industrial use, for example, in the creation of electricity from inputs so cheap and abundant that it would result in a low production cost. As the investment is also low, these two factors would raise ROI (return on investment), which is why it is an extremely profitable system of heat generation. 10

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Water has always been an object of interest to humans. Apart from being a vital component necessary for its survival, it was considered a constitutive element of all existing matter (Earth, Fire, Air and Water). In 1800, William Nicholson accidentally discovered the electrolysis while studying the operation of the batteries. Since between 1833 and 1836, the English physicist and chemist Michael Faraday develops the electrolysis laws that bear his name, thousands of scientists have studied the possibility of separating their components.

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Water separation is the term generally used for certain chemical reactions in which water is divided into its oxygen and hydrogen components. Various techniques are actively being investigated due to the strong demand that a cheap hydrogen supply would have on the future hydrogen economy.

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Among the current methods of separation are:

- Electrolysis

- Thermolysis at 2500 ° C or higher. 30

- Photocatalysis or artificial photosynthesis

- High temperature electrolysis through different methods

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The first two methods are widely known, tested and inefficient because they consume more resources than they generate. Artificial photosynthesis is a research field that attempts to mimic the natural photosynthesis of plants, in order to convert carbon dioxide and water into carbohydrates and oxygen, using sunlight.

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Natural photosynthesis consists of 2 phases the light dependent reaction and the light independent reaction. Artificial photosynthesis also consists of 2 parts, although with differences in its development. In the first phase of the artificial one, the separation of hydrogen and oxygen is achieved. This hydrogen can already be used in machines to produce energy in a clean way (hydrogen technologies). But we can go further in imitation and use of natural photosynthesis. In the second phase of the natural, plants convert carbon dioxide into glucose (Calvin cycle). Glucose is the way in which plants store energy for their development and growth. If we are able to generate repeat this process at the industrial level, we could absorb the excess carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to contain global warming. fifty

According to the report "Energy Technology Perspectives 2008" of the International Energy Agenda, hydrogen is the transport fuel with the greatest potential in the long term. However, according to the Agency itself, it is committed to the production of hydrogen by means of IV generation nuclear reactors, which can generate temperatures above 900 ° C in the cooling fluid. The main production routes would be: 5

- Conventional water electrolysis, with electricity of nuclear origin.

- High temperature electrolysis (uses electricity of nuclear origin and steam generated by taking advantage of the excess heat carried by the helium with which the reactor cools). 10

- Thermochemical cycles, in which nuclear heat is used to break the water molecule through a series of high temperature reactions.

- Hybrid cycles, which combines electrolysis and heat of nuclear origin. fifteen

- Refurbished hydrocarbons with heat of nuclear origin.

DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION 20

For the best understanding of what is described herein, a drawing is attached (figure 1) in which, by way of illustration, but not limitation, it represents an embodiment. The drawing reflects a longitudinal section of the different components of the prototype in which you can see the different cavities and parts that compose it. The material that has been selected is stainless steel for its physical properties of resistance to temperature and durability. In the drawing we can describe the six parts of which the prototype consists:

1) Heat source (1): necessary to reach a high temperature in the accelerating fatty element so that it reacts with water. This source works by combustion of 30 usual fuels (coal, gas, wood, hydrocarbons, etc.) or electricity. Inside the heat source is the C sensor that allows us to control the temperature to start and maintain the chemical reaction. Obviously, the starting temperature will be higher than the reaction maintenance temperature. If not much power is demanded, it is possible that the heat source can be overridden and that the system is kept on by its own inertia.

2) Container of the accelerating fatty element (2), whose objective is to maintain the accelerating fatty element while it is heating and when it is reacting with water. Inside the container, is the sensor (B) that allows us to know the level of accelerating fatty element 40 to prevent this container from being exhausted and burning. This vessel has to be designed to withstand high temperatures.

3) Optional separator filter (3), whose objective is to minimize the combustion of the accelerating fatty element by maximizing water consumption, as well as preventing possible splashing of fatty element and water. If this element is not included, the heat output is longer but the duration of the system may be shortened.

4) Refrigerated combustion chamber (4), external structure equipped with a heat exchanger and having a plurality of atmospheric air inlets. The function of this structure 50 is to take advantage of the heat generated by the reaction.

5) Water regulator unit (5) whose objective is to maintain a water flow that maximizes heat production and minimizes the consumption of accelerating fatty element. This unit ditch with the sensor (D).

6) Smoke outlet (6) whose purpose is to avoid heat losses for maximum system performance, as well as avoid the emission of any type of contaminants

7) Ignitor in order to ignite combustion (7).

As safety elements, we incorporate a thermostat (sensor A) inside the chamber 10 that controls that the system operates at the working temperature. If it is low, it may mean that the flame went out and the ignitor should work again. Sensor B that measures the correct level of fatty element and sensor D that verifies that water is being supplied at the right rate.

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This prototype can be opportunely connected to a computer or automaton to record, experiment and learn about the variations of the process, determine the optimal way of functioning and then control the process as determined according to the characteristics of the elements used and all Safety and efficiency parameters.

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FUNCTION DESCRIPTION

From the physical-chemical point of view, at least three events are provoked:

1) Change of state of the water that passes from liquid to gaseous in contact with the accelerating fatty element 25

2) Separation of water into its two components: two atoms of hydrogen and one of oxygen (HHO)

3) Combustion of hydrogen (the element of the most combustible periodic table) and of oxygen 30 (necessary in any combustion).

The result of such a chemical process is water and probably some residues from the partial combustion of the accelerating fatty element, although a separating filter has been incorporated to reduce the consumption of this element, which apart from being more expensive, causes the emission of 35 dioxide carbon

The principle of operation is similar to that which occurs when a pan with oil catches fire in a domestic accident. When you try to put out the fire with water, at these high temperatures the water accelerates combustion, which causes serious fires. 40

Our prototype was tested inside a commercial diesel boiler of a single-family home. The tests were performed with the same initial conditions (ambient temperature of 20 ° C). The day the boiler was used exclusively, it took 60 minutes to reach the temperature of 50 ° C in the thermostat. The next day, after registering the same 45 temperature and humidity conditions, a prototype with 500 grams of sunflower oil and a water regulator unit with 200 grams were incorporated. That day the boiler took 30 minutes to reach the temperature of 50 ° C in the thermostat. As can be seen in the following table, the calorific value of the oil was insufficient to justify the energy provided, so we conclude that we have achieved an additional energy generated by the thermolysis of the 50 water molecules and subsequent combustion of the hydrogen provided by the regulatory unit

Do not consume fatty element. We also want to emphasize that if the fatty element is consumed in its entirety, the container may become calcined.

The separator filter must have a high resistance to flame and high temperatures, as well as a design that allows the gases to escape from the chemical reaction while preventing the flame from entering the fatty element container.

As for the combustion chamber, in the experiments we have used commercial designs of boilers for heating. We understand that the experience can result in a better design of the characteristics of this camera. 10

The water regulator unit is an electronic device that regulates the liquid discharged to the separator filter, with its corresponding sensor. In the experiments carried out, neither the temperature of the water nor the way of supplying it significantly influenced the result obtained.

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The ignitor may be the typical voltaic arc used by gas boilers or fossil fuels. The electrodes of the ignitor system must enter the chamber with electrical and thermal insulators. They must be positioned correctly to get a sufficient arc to light the flame.

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Finally, add that the safety measures due to the danger of the very exothermic reaction with which we are dealing should be extreme. A misuse of the described elements can generate an explosion, with its consequent damages.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS 25

Figure 1 shows the heat generating system, where the following components are indicated;

heat source (1), heat sensor (C), container containing the accelerating fatty element (2), level sensor (B), separator filter (3), combustion chamber (4), 30 water regulator unit (5), flow sensor (D), smoke outlet (6), ignitor (7), coolant inlet (8), coolant outlet (9).

Claims (3)

1. Combustion heat generating system comprising, -a heat source (1) that provides sufficient temperature in the accelerating fatty element to react with water, the heat source is the sensor C that allows us to know the temperature to adjust the source energy supply; - a container containing an accelerating fatty element (2), whose objective is to maintain the accelerating fatty element while it is heating and when it is reacting with water; 10 -a separator filter (3), formed by a plurality of metal grilles capable of withstanding high temperatures whose objective is to minimize the combustion of the accelerating fatty element maximizing combustion of water, as well as avoiding possible splashes of fatty element and water; fifteen -a combustion chamber (4) equipped with an exchange circuit through which an inlet to outlet liquid circulates, and which has a smoke outlet (6) and an atmospheric air inlet; -a water regulator unit (5) that provides a water flow that maximizes the production of heat and minimizes the consumption of accelerating fatty element. -an ignitor (7) whose purpose is to start combustion. 2. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the fatty element is an oil of vegetable origin. 3. System according to claim 1, characterized in that the fatty element is sunflower oil.