JP4468027B2 - Combustion device, gas turbine power generation device, combustion method, gas turbine power generation method, and gas turbine device remodeling method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion source and a combustor for driving a gas turbine, and in particular, a combustion device, a gas turbine power generation device, a combustion method, a gas turbine power generation method, and a gas that are harmless to the environment and enable obtaining clean energy. The present invention relates to a method for modifying a turbine device.

  Gas turbine power generators and combustors that use fossil fuel as a fuel source, which have been used in the market, are used in various fields as environmentally friendly energy drives and as alternative power generators in facilities. It's getting on.

  Conventionally used fuels for driving combustion of this gas turbine are mainly fossil fuels such as petroleum, light oil and heavy oil. For this reason, there is a drawback that the fuel cost is high.

  In addition, along with the fuel used in conventional gas turbine power generators and combustion by the combustion method, it contains harmful substances such as carbon monoxide and dioxin at the time of exhaust, and there is a considerable concern about the impact on the environment. Yes.

  Many of the existing combustors are fixed, and the combustion chamber portion is also fixedly installed as an internal mechanism of the gas turbine apparatus. Therefore, depending on the type of fuel, the gas turbine combustion drive mechanism needs to be prepared for various types of gas turbines according to customer demands and according to the type of fuel used. In general, general-purpose gas turbine engines and gas turbine generators are equipped with various types of fuel such as city gas, LPG, kerosene, light oil, and heavy oil. A clean combustion environment that can be used as a source cannot be expected.

As a fuel source for providing such a clean combustion environment, a gas turbine plant using hydrogen gas has been proposed.
JP 09-144558 A

  The hydrogen combustion gas turbine plant described in Patent Document 1 configures a closed cycle in which a combustor, a gas turbine, a condenser and a compressor are sequentially connected by a gas pipe to circulate a working fluid made of an inert gas. Then, a generator and a compressor are coaxially connected to the gas turbine, and the combustion gas of the fuel containing the hydrogen gas burned in the combustor is sequentially supplied to the gas turbine, the condenser and the compressor through the piping together with the working fluid. The gas chamber is circulated to generate power by a generator and to perform steam cooling by a condenser, and a gas chamber is provided in a gas pipe for pressurizing and supplying an inert gas as a working fluid. The combustor is supplied with hydrogen and oxygen as fuel via a fuel pipe.

A conventional gas turbine power generation apparatus using a fossil fuel as a fuel source and the hydrogen combustion gas turbine plant described in Patent Document 1 described above have the following problems.
(1) Fuel cost issues: In the conventional technology and combustion method, the cost of fossil fuels (kerosene, light oil, heavy oil, etc.), acetylene, LPG gas, etc. that are the combustion source for driving the gas turbine is high. In performing gas turbine power generation, there is a cost problem as an alternative power generation device.
(2) Challenges to environmental pollution: The conventional fossil fuel-based combustion method cannot be expected to produce clean combustion, and even if measures are taken, environmental pollution is inevitably involved.
(3) Safety issues: The same applies to the handling of fossil fuels and gases, but in particular when hydrogen gas is used as a combustion source, there is a risk of ignition and handling of hydrogen gas storage tanks and the like.
(4) Problem of versatility: Compatibility problem of whether or not combustion source equipment such as fossil fuel and LPG gas used as fuel in the existing gas turbine combustion apparatus can be easily replaced with the hydrogen oxygen gas combustion system There is.
(5) Problem of operability and maneuverability: The operability of a combustion apparatus as a combustion source for gas turbine drive combustion has a problem of whether or not the operability of an existing combustion source is maintained.

  The present invention has been made in view of the problems of such a gas turbine power generation device, and can reduce fuel costs, reduce environmental pollution, ensure safety, have versatility, and have excellent operability and mobility. A combustion apparatus, a gas turbine power generation apparatus, a combustion method, a gas turbine power generation method, and a gas turbine apparatus remodeling method are provided.

According to the present invention, in a combustion apparatus for supplying fuel gas and compressed air to a combustor and combusting the fuel gas, the hydrogen oxygen gas generation apparatus for generating hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water is provided. There is provided a combustion apparatus that is directly connected to a combustor and uses the generated gas as fuel gas.

The hydrogen and oxygen gas generating device may generate its own flame by using the hydrogen and oxygen gas generating device by the generated gas, may be supplied to the flame in the combustor.

In addition, according to the present invention, a turbine, a compressor, a generator, and a combustor are provided, fuel gas and compressed air fed from the compressor are supplied to the combustor, and the fuel gas is combusted. In a gas turbine power generator that drives a turbine and transmits output to the generator to obtain output, a hydrogen oxygen gas generator that generates hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water is directly connected to the combustor. A gas turbine power generator is provided, which is connected to supply the generated gas as fuel gas to the combustor.

The hydrogen and oxygen gas generating device may generate its own flame by using the hydrogen and oxygen gas generating device by the generated gas, may be supplied to the flame in the combustor.

Further, according to the present invention, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated by electrolyzing water, a flame is generated by a part of the generated gas, and the flame is mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas. A combustion method characterized by burning is provided .

Further, according to the present invention, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated by electrolyzing water, a flame is generated by a part of the generated gas, and the flame is mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas. A gas turbine power generation method is provided, characterized in that combustion is performed, a turbine is driven by the combustion gas, and power is generated by the driving force .

In addition, according to the present invention, there is provided a gas turbine apparatus remodeling method that employs a combustion system that uses fossil fuel or natural gas, and a line for supplying fuel to the combustor is generated by electrolyzing water. A gas that changes to a gas supply line, generates a flame by a part of the generated gas, and adds a line that supplies the flame to the combustor to form a hydrogen-oxygen gas combustion system. A method for retrofitting a turbine apparatus is provided .

The combustion apparatus, gas turbine power generation apparatus, combustion method, gas turbine power generation method, and gas turbine apparatus remodeling method of the present invention have the following excellent effects.
(1) By using a hydrogen oxygen gas generator that generates hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water, “water” can be used as a fuel source. And since hydrogen gas and oxygen gas burn completely, an exhaust port is almost unnecessary. That is, since the raw materials are soft water or distilled water and a general power source, the fuel cost is low, and it is easy to obtain and economical. For this reason, compared with fossil fuels, such as kerosene, heavy oil, and light oil, acetylene, LPG gas, etc., operation cost can be reduced significantly.
(2) Since hydrogen gas and oxygen gas change to water after combustion, clean combustion that does not pollute the environment with no pollution, no pollution, and no toxicity can be realized.
(3) Since hydrogen gas necessary for combustion can be produced sequentially, there is no need to store the gas as a fuel source. That is, since only a necessary amount of gas needs to be produced, it is safe because it is not necessary to store the gas during gas production.
(4) Since the hydrogen oxygen gas generator can be connected to various gas turbines, the gas generation capacity and the maximum flame temperature can be selected as necessary.
(5) Since the hydrogen-oxygen gas generator can move, it can be safely installed and operated while ensuring mobility in fields such as land, sea, and aviation.

  Furthermore, according to the present invention, many excellent effects can be obtained not only by users of combustion devices and gas turbine power generators but also by manufacturers of gas turbines.

  Since the raw material as fuel is “water”, it is basically inexpensive. In addition, due to the combustion by the fuel and the combustion method used in the conventional combustion device, harmful substances are contained at the time of exhaust, and there is a considerable concern about the environment, but in the combustion with hydrogen oxygen gas, Because it burns completely, there is no discharge of harmful substances and an exhaust port is almost unnecessary. Furthermore, the hydrogen oxygen gas generator is designed to be mobile, compared to many existing combustion devices that are stationary, and the versatility of the gas turbine power generator is enhanced.

  Therefore, it is not necessary to select various gas turbine facilities that differ depending on the fuel used and the combustion method according to the customer's request. Customers have the advantage of being able to provide clean, inexpensive combustion equipment and gas turbine generators that are environmentally friendly.

  Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a combustion apparatus of the present invention.

  The combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1 has a hydrogen-oxygen gas generator 1 and a combustor 2 that generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water, and the hydrogen gas generated in the hydrogen-oxygen gas generator 1 and Oxygen gas is supplied to the combustor 2. Here, a hydrogen-oxygen gas generator 1 is installed outside the combustor 2, and these are connected by a transfer pipe 3. That is, the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 are supplied to the combustor 2 through the transfer pipe 3. The hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 is connected to a water storage tank 4 that supplies water as a raw material and a power source 5 that supplies electricity necessary for electrolysis. Although not shown, the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 and the combustor 2 may be directly connected and integrated, and the transfer pipe 3 may be omitted.

  The hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 is an apparatus that decomposes water into hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolysis. The operating principle of this device is that an alternating current power source is once converted to direct current, and water is electrolyzed in an electrolysis layer containing both anode and cathode electrodes to generate hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. Distilled water or soft water is used as a raw material, and electric energy from a power source is applied to extract a mixed gas of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas. This device can take out mixed gas of hydrogen gas and oxygen gas after performing special treatment of hydrogen gas generation, and can be used as an alternative in various devices using fossil fuel etc. as fuel It is. The pressure of the generated gas can be automatically controlled by a pressure switch and a controller, and the flow of the output gas can be adjusted via a flow regulator.

  Furthermore, the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 can also generate a flame by itself using the generated gas, and can promote combustion in the combustor 2 by supplying the flame to the combustor 2. . In this case, the temperature of the flame can be appropriately adjusted by passing a gas for generating a flame through the temperature-lowering liquid.

  By adopting such a hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1, a combustion method is realized in which hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated by electrolyzing water, and the generated gas is mixed with compressed air and burned. can do. Moreover, a flame can be generated by a part of the generated gas, and the flame can be mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas to promote combustion. Note that water generated during combustion of the generated gas is discharged from the combustor by a drain or a condenser.

  The gas turbine power generator shown in FIG. 2 includes a turbine 6, a compressor 7, and a generator 8 that are coaxially connected in addition to the above-described combustion apparatus, and a boiler 9 that generates process steam from the combustion gas, and a generator And an electricity supply line 10 for supplying the electricity obtained by 8 to the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1.

  The gas turbine power generator supplies hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 to the combustor 2 as fuel gas, and supplies high-temperature and high-pressure compressed air compressed by the compressor to the combustor 2. Thus, the fuel gas is burned, the turbine 6 is driven by the combustion gas, and the driving force is transmitted to the generator 8 to obtain an output. Further, the combustion gas that has worked in the turbine 6 is supplied to the boiler 9 and generates process steam by exchanging heat with water supplied from the outside, and is finally discharged to the outside as exhaust gas. In this gas turbine power generator, a part of electricity obtained by the generator 8 is used as a power source for the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1. The electricity supply line 10 may be charged by connecting the rechargeable battery 11 as shown in FIG. By charging the rechargeable battery 11 with surplus power, it is possible to secure power necessary for electrolysis of water. Moreover, when it is assumed that the rechargeable battery 11 becomes empty or the power from the electric supply line 10 is insufficient, the power source 12 may be installed on another line.

  In the gas turbine power generator of the present invention, the hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 are supplied to the combustor 2 to drive the turbine 6. That is, the combustion source of the combustor of the gas turbine that has been used conventionally is replaced with a hydrogen oxygen gas generator. The hydrogen oxygen gas generator 1 can be prepared in various types according to the maximum gas generation amount, and can be selected according to the combustion energy required in the combustor 2. Also, a plurality of hydrogen oxygen gas generators can be connected and operated in parallel. Furthermore, a flame can be generated by a part of the generated gas, and the flame can be mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas to promote combustion.

  Petroleum, gasoline, heavy oil, city gas, and the like are used as a fuel source of a combustor for driving a gas turbine that has been generally performed. This not only increases the fuel cost, but also involves the generation of exhaust gases that are harmful to the environment. In order to solve this problem, a hydrogen-oxygen gas generator using water as a raw material is fed into the combustors of various gas turbine combustion devices and combined with a gas turbine generator. By adopting this combustion method, it is possible to drive gas turbines without generating fossil fuels, natural gas, or other fuels that are nearly as close to the environment as possible. Power generation by a turbine can be provided.

According to the combustion apparatus, gas turbine power generation apparatus, combustion method, gas turbine power generation method, and gas turbine apparatus remodeling method of the present invention described above, the following effects in the prior art are excellent.
(1) Problem of fuel cost: When a hydrogen oxygen gas generator is used as a combustion source, the raw material to be fuel is a general power source in addition to soft water or distilled water, and the fuel cost is low. In addition, it is easy and safe to secure hydrogen oxygen as a fuel.
(2) Challenges to environmental pollution: A clean combustion environment can be secured by adopting an alternative combustion method of hydrogen-oxygen gas combustion from the conventional fossil fuel-based combustion method. In particular, since hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are “water” when burned, they are non-polluting, non-polluting and non-toxic. In addition, there is no generation of carbon monoxide or black smoke, and there is no generation of dioxins.
(3) Safety problem: Since hydrogen gas as a combustion source necessary for combustion is appropriately produced, there is no residue after storage or use of gas, and there is no concern about storage or explosion. In addition, it is equipped with a double automatic safety device, and it can cope with high temperature, overheating, water shutoff, etc.
(4) Problem of versatility: It can easily cope with the conversion from the existing combustion source equipment to the hydrogen oxygen gas combustion source, and has excellent compatibility. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas generated by the hydrogen-oxygen gas generator is directly emitted into the gas turbine combustor and burned in the gas state, and the flame itself generated by the hydrogen-oxygen gas generator is radiated by an induction pipe or the like. It can also be taken into the combustor in a state. Therefore, the combustion source can be replaced with the existing structure without significantly changing the structure of the existing gas turbine apparatus.
(5) Problems of operability and mobility: The hydrogen oxygen gas generator generates gas in about 30 seconds after the power switch is turned on, and can be used immediately. The operability of this apparatus is extremely easy, and it can be used continuously for a long time, and can withstand operation as a long-term combustion source. Since this apparatus is designed not only as a fixed type but also as a movable type, it can be installed without specifying the place of use. Further, even during operation, the gas pressure and flame temperature required for the combustion of the gas turbine can be easily adjusted at all times, so that the combustion energy can be efficiently operated.

The gas turbine power generator according to the present invention has elements that can further expand new fields of use. In particular, since the device of the present invention is basically pollution-free, pollution-free and non-toxic, and the fuel cost can be remarkably reduced, the application field can be expanded as any fuel source and energy source. For example, it can be used in the following fields.
(1) Industrial uses include automobile manufacturing factories, heavy industries, electrical equipment manufacturing factories, incinerators, combustion facilities requiring boilers, factory heat sources, and the like.
(2) For business use, there are heat sources such as hotels, hospitals, public facilities, power generation devices, and building air conditioning cogeneration.
(3) For agriculture, there are heat sources for boilers such as greenhouses, heat sources for various agricultural facilities, and private power generation.
(4) Core fields include the use of nuclear power at nuclear power plants and the supply of power as alternative fuel energy sources from fossil fuels at thermal power plants.
(5) As transportation energy, there are alternative energy sources from power such as diesel engines as low-cost fuel for large, medium and small ships.
(6) As the aerospace industry, fields of use such as alternative engines such as aircraft and space rockets are conceivable.

It is a block diagram of the combustion apparatus concerning an embodiment. It is a block diagram of the gas turbine power generator concerning an embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Hydrogen oxygen gas generator 2 ... Combustor 3 ... Transfer pipe 4 ... Water storage tank 5 ... Power supply 6 ... Turbine 7 ... Compressor 8 ... Generator 9 ... Boiler 10 ... Electric supply line 11 ... Rechargeable battery 12 ... Power supply

Claims (7)

In a combustion apparatus for supplying fuel gas and compressed air to a combustor and combusting the fuel gas, a hydrogen oxygen gas generator for generating hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water is directly connected to the combustor. A combustion apparatus characterized in that the generated gas is the fuel gas. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a flame is generated by itself using the gas generated by the hydrogen-oxygen gas generation apparatus, and the flame is supplied to the combustor. It has a turbine, a compressor, a generator, and a combustor. The fuel gas and compressed air fed from the compressor are supplied to the combustor to burn the fuel gas, and the turbine is driven by the combustion gas. In a gas turbine power generator that transmits power to a generator to obtain an output, a hydrogen oxygen gas generator that generates hydrogen gas and oxygen gas by electrolyzing water is directly connected to the combustor, and the generated gas is used as fuel. A gas turbine power generator that supplies the combustor as a gas. The gas turbine power generator according to claim 3, wherein a flame is generated by itself using the gas generated by the hydrogen oxygen gas generator and the flame is supplied to the combustor. Combustion characterized in that hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated by electrolyzing water, a flame is generated by a part of the generated gas, and the flame is mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas and burned. Method. Hydrogen gas and oxygen gas are generated by electrolyzing water, a flame is generated by a part of the generated gas, the flame is mixed with compressed air together with the remaining generated gas, and burned. A gas turbine power generation method, characterized in that power is generated using the driving force of the gas turbine. A gas turbine device modification method that employs a combustion system that uses fossil fuel or natural gas, and changes the line that supplies fuel to the combustor to a line that supplies gas generated by electrolyzing water. In addition , a method for remodeling a gas turbine apparatus, wherein a flame is generated by a part of the generated gas and a line for supplying the flame to the combustor is added to form a hydrogen-oxygen gas combustion system.

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