JPWO2010087042A1 - Pressure reducing device, distillation device and power generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The distillation apparatus includes a decompression vessel 20, a hot water supply tank 12, a hot water supply pipe 16, a hot water drain pipe 18, a hot water drain tank 14, a cold water supply tank 13, a cold water supply pipe 17, a cold water drain pipe 19, a cold water drain tank 15, and a flow rate. Limiters 21, 22, 23 are provided. According to the principle of siphon, hot water flows from the hot water supply tank 12 to the hot water supply pipe 16, the decompression container 20, the hot water drain pipe 18, and the hot water drain tank 14, and from the cold water supply tank 13, the cold water supply pipe 17, the decompression container 20, Cold water flows into the drain pipe 19 and the cold water drain tank 15, and the inside of the decompression vessel 20 is in a decompressed state. The water vapor generated in the evaporator 20a is condensed in the condenser 20b to become fresh water. The cold water drain pipe 19 also exhausts the gas in the decompression vessel 20. Since the hot water drain pipe 18 and the cold water drain pipe 19 are used to decompress the inside of the decompression vessel 20 using the own weight of hot water and cold water, it is possible to provide a distillation apparatus with a low running cost and a simple structure. it can.

Description

  The present invention relates to a decompression device, a distillation device, and a power generation device, and more particularly, to a decompression device that continuously creates a decompressed environment using the weight of a liquid, a distillation device that uses the principle thereof, and a power generation device.

  Conventionally, a vacuum distillation apparatus that evaporates a liquid at a low temperature by using a vacuum environment is known (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5).

  Further, a room temperature evaporation apparatus is known that concentrates a solution by drying at room temperature using the gravity of water or dries an article (see, for example, Patent Document 6).

JP 2008-264749 A JP 11-33302 A JP-A-7-703 JP 60-172301 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-514913 JP 62-262702 A

  However, the above-described conventional vacuum distillation apparatus is one that decompresses with an air feed pump (see Patent Documents 1 to 4), fills a container with steam generated by a heater, cools and decompresses. (See Patent Document 5). Therefore, these vacuum distillation apparatuses require an expensive energy source and have a high running cost.

  Moreover, the normal temperature evaporation apparatus using the gravity of water described above fills a container with water, draws the water using the gravity of the water, and decompresses the water. Therefore, this room temperature evaporation device needs to repeat the process of filling the container with water and the process of draining the water, and cannot continuously create a reduced pressure environment, even if this is applied to a distillation apparatus, Cannot drive continuously.

  Therefore, it is conceivable to use the siphon principle to create a continuous decompression environment. However, gas is dissolved in a normal liquid, and the liquid evaporates under a reduced pressure environment, and the dissolved gas escapes from the liquid and accumulates in the container. Water vapor can be condensed and liquefied, but gas accumulates in the container and increases. Therefore, in order to discharge this gas from a container in a decompression environment without using an air supply pump, it is necessary to stop the decompression operation, open a hole in the container, and remove the gas. This is considered difficult.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a decompression device, a distillation device, and a power generation device that are low in running cost, simple in structure, and can be continuously operated.

  The decompression device of the present invention utilizes a liquid supply pipe for supplying a liquid, a container supplied with the liquid by the liquid supply pipe and sealed, and the weight of the liquid and the gas in the container by the weight of the liquid. And a liquid discharge pipe for discharging from the container and depressurizing the inside of the container.

  The liquid discharge pipe has an inner diameter that allows the gas in the container to be contained and exhausted by the surface tension of the liquid, so that the liquid can be exhausted together with the liquid discharge even in a slow operation.

  Further, since a liquid feed pump is provided in the middle of the liquid discharge pipe, performance can be improved and operating conditions can be relaxed.

  Moreover, since the vapor | steam is discharged | emitted from a container as a liquid by further providing the condensing means which cools and condenses the vapor | steam evaporated in the said pressure-reduced container, it can exhaust efficiently.

  The distillation apparatus of the present invention includes a stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled, a container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the stock solution supply pipe, and a self-weight of the stock solution from the container. A stock solution discharge pipe for discharging the stock solution and the gas in the container and decompressing the inside of the container, a condensing means for condensing vapor evaporated from the stock solution, and a distillation condensed by the condensing means And a distillate discharge pipe for discharging the liquid from the container.

  Further, since the stock solution discharge pipe has an inner diameter that allows the gas in the container to be contained and exhausted by the surface tension of the stock solution, the container can be exhausted together with the discharge of the stock solution while being sealed. Can be operated continuously.

  Further, by further providing a first liquid feed pump that supplies the stock solution discharged from the stock solution discharge pipe to the stock solution supply pipe, the stock solution that has been degassed at a high temperature is reused, so that the efficiency of distillation can be improved. Can be improved.

  Further, since the second liquid feed pump is provided in the middle of the stock solution discharge pipe, performance can be improved and operating conditions can be relaxed.

  Further, the condensing means is a distillate supply pipe that supplies a liquid that is the same liquid as the distillate and is sufficiently cold to condense the vapor to the container, thereby utilizing natural energy. Efficient distillation.

  In addition, the condensing means is a tube that circulates the stock solution that is sufficiently cold to condense the vapor, and the stock solution is used for condensation and then supplied to the stock solution supply tube. Energy efficiency can be improved.

  Further, the distillation and power generation apparatus of the present invention utilizes a stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled, a container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the stock solution supply pipe, and a dead weight of the stock solution. A stock solution discharge pipe for discharging the stock solution from the container and depressurizing the inside of the container, a condensing unit for condensing vapor evaporated from the stock solution, and a distillate condensed by the condensing unit. It is characterized by comprising a distillate discharge pipe for discharging from the container and a generator for generating electric power using the flow of steam until the evaporated steam is condensed.

  The distillation and power generation apparatus of the present invention includes a first stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled, a first container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the first stock solution supply pipe, and the first container. A first stock solution for discharging the stock solution from one container and depressurizing the inside of the first container; and a first product for decompressing the inside of the first container and condensing vapor evaporated from the stock solution in the first container. Condensing means, a generator that generates electric power by using a flow of steam until the evaporated vapor is condensed, a second container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the second stock solution supply pipe, The stock solution is discharged from the second container by utilizing the dead weight of the stock solution, the stock solution discharge pipe for decompressing the inside of the second container, the inside of the second container is decompressed, and from the stock solution in the second container A second condensing means for condensing the evaporated vapor; Characterized in that it comprises a distillate discharge pipe for discharging the distillate condensed by the serial second condensing means from the second vessel.

  Further, the power generation device of the present invention includes a liquid supply pipe that supplies a liquid to be evaporated, a container that is supplied with the liquid by the liquid supply pipe and is sealed, and uses the weight of the liquid to remove the liquid from the container. A liquid discharge pipe that discharges the liquid and depressurizes the inside of the container; a condensing unit that depressurizes the inside of the container and condenses the vapor evaporated from the liquid; and a flow of the steam until the evaporated steam is condensed And a generator for generating electricity using the power.

  According to the present invention, a decompression device, a distillation device, and a power generation device are provided that are low in running cost, simple in structure, and capable of continuous operation because they are depressurized and exhausted using their own weight. can do.

FIG. 1 is a diagram (part 1) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram (part 2) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram (part 3) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the decompression device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of exhaust in the pressure reducing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 2 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 3 of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a partial configuration of the distillation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a partial configuration of the distillation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 6 of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 7 of the present invention. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation and power generation apparatus of Example 8 of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the power generation device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation and power generation apparatus of Example 10 of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a diagram (part 1) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. A drain pipe 2 extends from the lower side of the sealed container 1 through a hole. There is water 3 in it. At this time,
P = P0−ρghD
Here, P: pressure inside the container P0: atmospheric pressure (about 1013 hPa)
ρ: density of water (about 1000 kg / m ³ )
g: Gravitational acceleration (about 9.8 m / s ² )
hD: Water height (length of water column measured in the vertical direction)
It is. This indicates that the atmospheric pressure tends to be 1 atm inside the container, but the weight of water cancels the atmospheric pressure and the inside of the container is depressurized.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram (part 2) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. In the state shown in FIG. 1, if the amount of water inside the container 1 decreases, it is necessary to supply water. Therefore, water 3 is supplied from the water source 4 to the container 1 through the water supply pipe 5. At that time, if the water 3 is allowed to flow without limitation, the inside of the container 1 will be filled with water 3 at atmospheric pressure. For this reason, the flow restrictor 6 is provided in the water supply pipe 5 to restrict the flow rate of the water 3. Thereby, the above-described reduced pressure state can be created.

FIG. 3 is a diagram (part 3) for explaining the principle of the decompression device of the present invention. As the flow restrictor shown in FIG. 2, the principle of compensating for the difference between the atmospheric pressure and the pressure in the container 1 using the weight of water can be used. FIG. 3 shows a specific example, and the water source 4 is placed at a position below the container 1,
hs <hD
Here, hs: If the height difference between the water surface in the container 1 and the water surface of the water source 4 is taken, water is sucked up from the water source 4 (siphon principle). However, the pressure inside the water supply pipe 5 decreases as it goes upward, and when the pressure in the water supply pipe 5 reaches 0 Pa (vacuum), water cannot be sucked up, so there is an upper limit for hs (about 10 m or less at room temperature). ). As other flow rate limiting methods, a method is provided in which a valve is provided in the water supply pipe 5 to limit the flow rate, a method in which a porous object such as a sponge is provided in the water supply pipe 5 to limit the flow rate, and an inner diameter of the water supply pipe 5 is set. A method of narrowing the flow rate and limiting the flow rate can be used. These methods can be used alone or in combination to restrict the flow rate.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of the decompression device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The decompression device of this embodiment includes a container 1, a drain pipe 2, a water source 4, and a water supply pipe 5. As described above, the inside of the container 1 is depressurized by the principle of siphon, but as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the water vapor evaporated due to this depressurization, and the gas dissolved in the water or the water supply pipe 5 are sucked in. If gas (air etc.) etc. accumulate in the inside of container 1, the pressure in container 1 will rise. As a result, the water in the drain pipe 2 is pushed downward, and gas enters the drain pipe 2. Here, as shown in FIG. 4 (b), when water is supplied from the water supply pipe 5, the water flowing into the drain pipe 2 encloses the gas 7 and transports it downward, and the gas 7 is exhausted into the atmosphere. it can. In this way, gas such as air accumulated in the container 1 can be exhausted from the drain pipe 2. For this reason, the inside of the container 1 can be continuously kept in a reduced pressure state, and this pressure reducing device can be used for a wide range of applications requiring a reduced pressure state.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining the principle of exhaust in the pressure reducing apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In order for the gas to be exhausted by the above-described mechanism, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), it is necessary to cover the inside of the drain pipe 2 with water without gaps and to act like a piston. Such an effect is caused by the property that the water tends to be rounded by the force caused by the surface tension of the water. According to the experiment, if the inner diameter of the drain pipe 2 is 7 mm or less, the exhaust could be stably performed. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), when the inner diameter of the drain pipe 2 exceeds 7 mm, water may not flow as a piston and flow without blocking the drain pipe 2. However, even in such a case, when water is flowing vigorously, the gas is dragged by the water and exhausted. In addition, by condensing the water vapor evaporated in the reduced pressure environment by cooling the inside of the container 1, it is only necessary to contain the gas excluding the water vapor in the water and exhaust it, so that it can be efficiently exhausted.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 2 of the present invention. The distillation apparatus of the present embodiment includes a container 1, a water source 4, a water supply pipe 5, a flow rate restrictor 6, a heater 10, a seawater drain pipe 8, a condenser 11, and a distilled water drain pipe 9. In this embodiment, an example of distilling water from seawater is shown. Seawater is evaporated in the container 1 to condense the generated water vapor to obtain distilled water. First, the water source 4, the water supply pipe 5, the container 1, and the seawater drain pipe 8 supply the seawater in the water source 4 to the container 1 and drain it from the seawater drain pipe 8 according to the principle of siphon described above. The flow restrictor 6 is a valve that prevents the container 1 from being filled with seawater. The upper end 14 of the seawater drain pipe 8 is made higher than the bottom of the container 1 so that the heater 10 is submerged. At this time, the inside of the container 1 is in a decompressed state, and moisture evaporates from the seawater heated by the heater 10 at a temperature lower than 100 ° C. (for example, normal temperature). The generated water vapor is condensed by the condenser 11, and the liquefied distilled water is supplied to the outside from the distilled water drain pipe 9. The inside of the container 1 is also decompressed by the distilled water drain pipe 9. In this example, the condenser 11 is a copper pipe that circulates cold seawater. In this condenser 11, the cold seawater is warmed, so that energy is saved by supplying the warmed seawater to the water source 4. And the gas which accumulates in the container 1 is enclosed by the surface tension of the above-mentioned liquid from the seawater drain pipe 8 and / or the distilled water drain pipe 9, or is pulled by the liquid and exhausted. In particular, when exhausting from the distilled water drain tube 9, the water vapor that has failed to be condensed is condensed even in the exhaust process and becomes distilled water, so that more distilled water can be obtained. Since the distillation apparatus of the present embodiment creates a reduced pressure state by the dead weight of seawater that is the subject of distillation, continuous distillation is possible with a simple structure and at a temperature lower than 100 ° C. with a simple structure.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 3 of the present invention. The distillation apparatus of the present embodiment includes a decompression vessel 20, a hot water supply tank 12, a hot water supply pipe 16, a hot water drain pipe 18, a hot water drain tank 14, a cold water supply tank 13, a cold water supply pipe 17, a cold water drain pipe 19, and a cold water drain tank. 15 and flow restrictors 21, 22, 23. The hot water supply tank 12 is installed at a position higher than the hot water drain tank 14, and the cold water supply tank 13 is installed at a position higher than the cold water drain tank 15. The decompression vessel 20 is partitioned into an evaporation unit 20a and a condensing unit 20b by a partition plate 24, and liquid cannot go back and forth, but water vapor and gas can go back and forth. The water vapor generated in the evaporator 20a is condensed in the condenser 20b to become fresh water. In the present embodiment, cold water such as cold fresh water is supplied to the condensing unit 20 b to condense the steam and exhaust the decompression vessel 20. The level of the cold water is almost the same as the cold water drain so that the condensing part 20b can exhaust. The exhaust gas is adjusted by the flow restrictor 23 of the cold water supply pipe 17. Since much water vapor exists in the evaporation part 20a and it is better not to exhaust, the level of warm water is made higher than the warm water drain. In order to adjust the height of the liquid level, there are flow restrictors 21 and 22 in both the hot water supply pipe 16 and the hot water drain pipe 18. The heating method in the evaporation unit 20a includes a method in which a liquid heated outside the decompression vessel 20 is supplied via the hot water supply pipe 16 (a warm water supply method), and a method in which the liquid in the evaporation unit 20a is directly heated (in the decompression vessel). Heating method). Since some of the warm water evaporates, there is less warm water drained by the warm water drain pipe 18 than warm water supplied by the warm water feed pipe 16. Since the amount of cold water increases by the amount of water vapor condensed, there is more cold water drained from the cold water drain pipe 19 than cold water supplied from the cold water feed pipe 17.

  FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a partial configuration of the distillation apparatus according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. The distillation apparatus of the present embodiment has a structure in which a liquid once used for distillation is used again for distillation. Since the liquid once used for distillation has a high temperature and is degassed, it is advantageous in the case of distillation again. For this reason, the water supply pump 27 supplies the liquid in the hot water drainage tank 14 to the hot water supply tank 12. The distillation apparatus of the present invention operates without a mechanical water pump or vacuum pump, but the performance can be improved and the operating conditions can be relaxed by introducing a mechanical pump. The water supply pump 25 of the hot water supply pipe 16 is for water supply when the difference in height between the hot water supply tank 12 and the decompression vessel 20 is 10 m or more. The water supply pump 26 of the warm water drain pipe 18 assists decompression when the height difference between the decompression container 20 and the warm water drain tank 14 cannot be increased.

  FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a partial configuration of the distillation apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. The distillation apparatus of the present embodiment has a structure that ensures stable operation even when the amount of gas in the decompression vessel temporarily increases. When the amount of gas in the decompression vessel 20 temporarily increases due to a temporary inflow of gas from the outside, the gas is exhausted more than usual, and many bubbles are generated in the cold water drain pipe 19. Since this distillation apparatus decompresses using the dead weight of the liquid in the cold water drain pipe 19, in such a case, decompression capability falls and operation | movement becomes unstable. In order to prevent this, as shown in FIG. 9, an auxiliary decompression tank 20 d is provided in the middle of the cold water drain pipes 19 and 19 a so that the gas does not flow backward from the cold water drain pipe 19. In addition, the decompression capacity is prevented from decreasing due to a temporary increase in the displacement.

  FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 6 of the present invention. The distillation apparatus of the present embodiment uses a dedicated condenser 11. Energy efficiency is improved by supplying cold seawater to the condenser 11 as described in the second embodiment and supplying seawater heated by water vapor to the hot water tank 12. Further, the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that a cold water supply tank 13 and a cold water supply pipe 17 are provided. By supplying cold water to the condenser 20b, the condenser 11 that cools the condenser 20b can be assisted.

  FIG. 11 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation apparatus of Example 7 of the present invention. In the distillation apparatus of the present embodiment, the decompression vessel 20 is made into three rooms, the spill prevention device 32 is provided in the evaporation unit 20a, the radiator 31 is provided in the condensing unit 20b, and a plurality of cold water drainage pipes are substituted for one cold water drain pipe 19. A tube 19a is provided. By making the decompression vessel 20 into three or more rooms, even in a large-scale distillation apparatus, the evaporator and the condenser can be installed close to each other, so that energy efficiency can be improved. By providing a spill prevention tool 32 that prevents spillage at the outlet of the hot water supply pipe 16 of the evaporation unit 20a, high-pressure hot water is blown from the hot water supply pipe 16 into the decompression vessel 20 and distilled water in the condensing units 20b and 20c. Prevent mixing. As the blowout prevention tool 32, a sponge or an unglazed plate can be used. Condensing efficiency can be improved by providing the radiator 31 in the condensing part 20b. The radiator 31 has a general radiator structure. Needless to say, the radiator 31 does not dissipate heat but has a function of removing heat from water vapor. As the heat radiator 31, a metal plate such as a copper plate can be used. By providing a plurality of cold water drain pipes 19a in place of one cold water drain pipe 19, a large amount of cold water can be drained even if the cold water drain pipe 19a has an inner diameter of about 6 mm and is exhausted by the cold water drain pipe 19a. Can do. As the cold water drain pipe 19a, a honeycomb pipe can be used.

  FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation and power generation apparatus of Example 8 of the present invention. In the distillation and power generation apparatus of this example, in Example 3, water vapor is generated in the evaporation unit 20a in the decompression vessel 20, and the water vapor is liquefied in the condensing unit 20b, so that water vapor is generated from the evaporation unit 20a to the condensing unit 20b. It is an apparatus that uses power flow to generate electricity by distillation by providing a turbine generator 34 between them. The turbine generator 34 may be a piston generator.

  FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the power generation device according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. The power generator of the present embodiment includes a decompression vessel 20, a hot water supply tank 12, a hot water supply pipe 16, a cold water supply tank 13, a cold water supply pipe 17, a cold water drain pipe 19, a cold water drain tank 15, flow rate limiters 21, 23, and steam. An injection port 35 and a turbine generator 34 are provided. Hot water is injected from the hot water supply pipe 16 into the decompression vessel 20 through a vapor injection port 35 provided on the upper side of the decompression vessel 20 to evaporate water. The steam is received by the turbine generator 34 to generate power. Thereafter, the water vapor is cooled and condensed in the decompression vessel 20 and is discharged from the cold water drain pipe 19 to the cold water drain tank 15 together with the cold water. In this embodiment, hot water that has not been evaporated is mixed with cold water, so that it does not have a distillation function and is dedicated to power generation. The turbine generator 34 may be a piston generator. Moreover, if the exclusive condenser demonstrated in Example 2 and Example 6 is used, a heat of condensation can be utilized for heating of warm water, and it becomes energy saving.

  FIG. 14 is a diagram showing the configuration of the distillation and power generation apparatus of Example 10 of the present invention. The distillation and power generation apparatus of this example is a combination of the distillation apparatus of Example 3 and the power generation apparatus of Example 9. That is, the power generation and distillation apparatus is provided with the decompression container 20e and the hot water supply pipe 16a and uses the waste water of the power generation apparatus of the ninth embodiment as the hot water of the third embodiment. Since the cold water drained from the cold water drain pipe 19 in the ninth embodiment is warmer than the cold water fed from the cold water feed pipe 17, it can be used as the hot water in the distillation apparatus of the third embodiment.

  In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example.

(1) You may deaerate the liquid used for pressure reduction, distillation, or electric power generation. This eliminates the need for exhaust and improves the pressure reduction efficiency.

(2) When a mechanical pump is used for drainage, the water level difference can be reduced.

(3) The tube may be a metal tube such as stainless steel, a vinyl hose, or a glass tube. It may be straight or bent.

(4) The liquid to be distilled may be any liquid as long as it is a target to be distilled, such as seawater, contaminated water, or a chemical solution.

(5) According to the power generation device of the present invention, it is possible to generate electric power using hot water as an energy source. Therefore, storing hot water can be used instead of charging.

(6) Since the distillation apparatus in the present specification has a distillation function in a general sense, in the case of seawater, the function of seawater desalination, the function of seawater concentration, and the freshwater and concentrated salt from seawater. Has the function of separation from seawater. Furthermore, as a general distillation function, it is possible to separate liquids having different boiling points.

The disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-037135 filed on Jan. 28, 2009, including the description, claims and drawings, is incorporated herein by reference as it is.
All publications, patents and patent applications cited herein are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Container 2 Drain pipe 3 Water 4 Water source 5 Water supply pipe 6, 21, 22, 23 Flow restrictor 7 Gas 8 Seawater drain pipe 9 Distilled water drain pipe 10 Heater 11 Condenser 12 Hot water tank 13 Cold water tank 14 Hot water drain tank DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 15 Cold water drainage tank 16, 16a Hot water supply pipe 17 Cold water supply pipe 18 Hot water drain pipe 19, 19a Cold water drain pipe 20, 20e Depressurization container 20a Evaporating part 20b Condensing part 20d Auxiliary decompression tank 24 Partition plates 25, 26, 27 Water pump 31 Radiator 32 Blowout prevention tool 34 Turbine generator 35 Steam outlet

Claims (13)

A liquid supply pipe for supplying liquid;
A container in which the liquid is supplied and sealed by the liquid supply pipe;
A pressure reducing device comprising: a liquid discharge pipe for discharging the liquid and the gas in the container from the container by utilizing the weight of the liquid and depressurizing the inside of the container.   2. The decompression device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid discharge pipe has an inner diameter that allows the gas in the container to be contained and exhausted by the surface tension of the liquid.   The decompression device according to claim 1, wherein a liquid feed pump is provided in the middle of the liquid discharge pipe.   The decompression device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising condensing means for cooling and condensing the vapor evaporated in the decompressed container. A stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled;
A container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the stock solution supply pipe;
A stock solution discharge pipe for discharging the stock solution and the gas in the container from the container by utilizing the dead weight of the stock solution, and depressurizing the inside of the container;
A condensing means for depressurizing the inside of the container and condensing the vapor evaporated from the stock solution;
A distillation apparatus comprising: a distillate discharge pipe for discharging the distillate condensed by the condensing means from the container.   6. The distillation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the stock solution discharge pipe has an inner diameter that allows the gas in the container to be contained and exhausted by the surface tension of the stock solution.   The distillation apparatus according to claim 5, further comprising a first liquid feed pump that supplies the stock solution discharged from the stock solution discharge pipe to the stock solution supply pipe.   The distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein a second liquid feed pump is provided in the middle of the stock solution discharge pipe.   9. The condensing means is a distillate supply pipe that supplies a liquid that is the same liquid as the distillate and is sufficiently cold to condense the vapor to the vessel. A distillation apparatus according to the above.   The condensing means is a tube that circulates the stock solution sufficiently cold to condense the vapor, and the stock solution is used for condensation and then supplied to the stock solution supply tube. The distillation apparatus according to any one of claims 5 to 9. A stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled;
A container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the stock solution supply pipe;
A stock solution discharge pipe for discharging the stock solution from the container by utilizing its own weight and depressurizing the inside of the container;
A condensing means for depressurizing the inside of the container and condensing the vapor evaporated from the stock solution;
A distillate discharge pipe for discharging the distillate condensed by the condensing means from the container;
A distillation and power generation apparatus comprising: a generator that generates electric power by using a flow of steam until the evaporated steam is condensed. A first stock solution supply pipe for supplying a stock solution to be distilled;
A first container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the first stock solution supply pipe;
A second stock solution supply pipe for discharging the stock solution from the first container and depressurizing the inside of the first container;
First condensing means for depressurizing the inside of the first container and condensing the vapor evaporated from the stock solution in the first container;
A generator for generating electricity using a flow of steam until the evaporated steam is condensed;
A second container in which the stock solution is supplied and sealed by the second stock solution supply pipe;
A stock solution discharge pipe for discharging the stock solution from the second container by utilizing the dead weight of the stock solution and depressurizing the inside of the second container;
A second condensing means for depressurizing the inside of the second container and condensing the vapor evaporated from the stock solution in the second container;
A distillation and power generation apparatus comprising: a distillate discharge pipe for discharging the distillate condensed by the second condensing means from the second container. A liquid supply pipe for supplying the evaporating liquid;
A container in which the liquid is supplied and sealed by the liquid supply pipe;
A liquid discharge pipe for discharging the liquid from the container by utilizing the weight of the liquid and depressurizing the inside of the container;
A condensing means for condensing vapor evaporated from the liquid, wherein the inside of the container is decompressed;
And a generator that generates electric power by using a flow of steam until the evaporated steam is condensed.

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