JPWO2002092641A1 - Method for producing ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer - Google Patents
Method for producing ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JPWO2002092641A1 JPWO2002092641A1 JP2002589522A JP2002589522A JPWO2002092641A1 JP WO2002092641 A1 JPWO2002092641 A1 JP WO2002092641A1 JP 2002589522 A JP2002589522 A JP 2002589522A JP 2002589522 A JP2002589522 A JP 2002589522A JP WO2002092641 A1 JPWO2002092641 A1 JP WO2002092641A1
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- ethylene
- dimethylsilylene
- cyclic olefin
- containing group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000004713 Cyclic olefin copolymer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- -1 cyclic olefin Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 102
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000058 cyclopentadienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC1)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003426 co-catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 75
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 28
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N endo-cyclopentadiene Natural products C1C=CC=C1 ZSWFCLXCOIISFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 19
- LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenoxy)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)OC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F LWNGJAHMBMVCJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium Chemical class [Li][Li] SMBQBQBNOXIFSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 9
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium butane Chemical compound [Li+].CCC[CH2-] DLEDOFVPSDKWEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- FZXYVPZYPIIVSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L CC(CCC1)C1C1=CC(C2CCCC2)=C(C)C1[Zr+2](C1C=CC=C1)=[SiH2].[Cl-].[Cl-] Chemical compound CC(CCC1)C1C1=CC(C2CCCC2)=C(C)C1[Zr+2](C1C=CC=C1)=[SiH2].[Cl-].[Cl-] FZXYVPZYPIIVSZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Butyllithium Substances [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007848 Bronsted acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- KXMIOPJGNQAAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Cl[Zr]Cl.CC(C)[C]1C=CC(C(C)C)=C1 Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl.CC(C)[C]1C=CC(C(C)C)=C1 KXMIOPJGNQAAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XFBYPTDICTYNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L CC1=C[C@@](C)([Zr](Cl)Cl)C=C1 Chemical compound CC1=C[C@@](C)([Zr](Cl)Cl)C=C1 XFBYPTDICTYNBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000654 isopropylidene group Chemical group C(C)(C)=* 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr](Cl)(Cl)Cl DUNKXUFBGCUVQW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 3
- VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconium(2+);dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Zr]Cl VPGLGRNSAYHXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 0 *C(CC1*)CC1I*C1C(*)C(*)C(*)C1* Chemical compound *C(CC1*)CC1I*C1C(*)C(*)C(*)C1* 0.000 description 2
- 125000005654 1,2-cyclohexylene group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([*:2])C([H])([*:1])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- QCEFTGHIXRHYPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-di(propan-2-yl)cyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(C(C)C)=CC1 QCEFTGHIXRHYPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KIXSUYBDWMPHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dicyclopentylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1(CCCC1)C1=CC(=CC1)C1CCCC1 KIXSUYBDWMPHQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMYWSWPDQIMANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-cyclopentylcyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound C1CCCC1C1=CC=CC1 KMYWSWPDQIMANY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UOICSPCQXVBOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-propan-2-yl-5-propan-2-ylidenecyclopenta-1,3-diene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(=C(C)C)C=C1 UOICSPCQXVBOQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021630 Antimony pentafluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTQZBJQMXVONNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1(C=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C1C=C(C=C1C(C)C)C(C)C Chemical compound C1(C=CC=C1)[Si](C)(C)C1C=C(C=C1C(C)C)C(C)C UTQZBJQMXVONNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WOZPZXKPZCKMKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L CC(C)C1=CC(C2CCCCC2)=CC1[Zr+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC(C2CCCCC2)=CC1[Zr+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] WOZPZXKPZCKMKN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylbenzene Chemical compound CCC1=CC=CC=C1 YNQLUTRBYVCPMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylaniline Chemical compound CNC1=CC=CC=C1 AFBPFSWMIHJQDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- JDNRIXFOSWYYBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C(=CC=CC)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C(=CC=CC)[Zr+2] JDNRIXFOSWYYBA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SPUMEMHFLZLMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)CC(C)C)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)CC(C)C)[Zr+2] SPUMEMHFLZLMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- XNLJAQOBHPGAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)C(C)(C)C)[Zr+2] XNLJAQOBHPGAIO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VDPJNKIDYLBEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)CC(C)C)[Zr+2] Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].C1(CCCCC1)C1=CC(C(=C1)CC(C)C)[Zr+2] VDPJNKIDYLBEHO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005234 alkyl aluminium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001639 boron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001280 n-hexyl group Chemical group C(CCCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- DYFFAVRFJWYYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYFFAVRFJWYYQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052625 palygorskite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BBEVMUOEYNOTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyl-$l^{5}-stibane Chemical group C[Sb](C)(C)(C)C BBEVMUOEYNOTTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002097 pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylphosphine Chemical group PC1=CC=CC=C1 RPGWZZNNEUHDAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037048 polymerization activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylidene Chemical group [CH]CC OSFBJERFMQCEQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon tetrabromide Chemical compound Br[Si](Br)(Br)Br AIFMYMZGQVTROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005049 silicon tetrachloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001494 silver tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F KZJPVUDYAMEDRM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurochloridic acid Chemical compound OS(Cl)(=O)=O XTHPWXDJESJLNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHYGQXWCZAYSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-chloro-diphenylsilane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](Cl)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 MHYGQXWCZAYSLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C)(C)Cl BCNZYOJHNLTNEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrabutylammonium Chemical compound CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DZLFLBLQUQXARW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylammonium Chemical compound CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC CBXCPBUEXACCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrothiophene Chemical compound C1CCSC1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000101 thioether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silicon Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)C(C)C ZGYICYBLPGRURT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylborane Chemical compound CCCCB(CCCC)CCCC CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylphosphine Chemical compound CCP(CC)CC RXJKFRMDXUJTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000025 triisopropylsilyl group Chemical group C(C)(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- OUVBQTYNGPDBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl-[2,3,4,5-tetrakis(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorophenyl)phenyl]azanium Chemical compound FC=1C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1C=1C(C=2C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2F)F)=C(C=2C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2F)F)C([N+](C)(C)C)=CC=1C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OUVBQTYNGPDBTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilane Chemical compound C[SiH](C)C PQDJYEQOELDLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-O triphenylazanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[NH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MXSVLWZRHLXFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triphenylphosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- AKQNYQDSIDKVJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylsilane Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[SiH](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 AKQNYQDSIDKVJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylalumane Chemical compound CCC[Al](CCC)CCC CNWZYDSEVLFSMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNWNTXNSTNPQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)borane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)B(C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F SNWNTXNSTNPQAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIXXWFUECRRGPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,4-nonafluorobutyl)borane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)B(C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F IIXXWFUECRRGPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPKBFHDRGPIYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1B(C=1C(=CC(F)=CC=1F)F)C1=C(F)C=C(F)C=C1F HPKBFHDRGPIYAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWBUXUFJSQBQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(fluoromethyl)borane Chemical compound FCB(CF)CF CWBUXUFJSQBQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1B(C=1C(=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=1F)F)C1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F OBAJXDYVZBHCGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylalumane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Al](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C RTAKQLTYPVIOBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STDLEZMOAXZZNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritert-butylsilicon Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C STDLEZMOAXZZNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052902 vermiculite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010455 vermiculite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019354 vermiculite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vertaline Natural products C1C2C=3C=C(OC)C(OC)=CC=3OC(C=C3)=CC=C3CCC(=O)OC1CC1N2CCCC1 PXXNTAGJWPJAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QMBQEXOLIRBNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L zirconocene dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zr+4].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 QMBQEXOLIRBNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F210/00—Copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
- C08F210/02—Ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
- C08F4/42—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors
- C08F4/44—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides
- C08F4/60—Metals; Metal hydrides; Metallo-organic compounds; Use thereof as catalyst precursors selected from light metals, zinc, cadmium, mercury, copper, silver, gold, boron, gallium, indium, thallium, rare earths or actinides together with refractory metals, iron group metals, platinum group metals, manganese, rhenium technetium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/62—Refractory metals or compounds thereof
- C08F4/64—Titanium, zirconium, hafnium or compounds thereof
- C08F4/659—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond
- C08F4/6592—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring
- C08F4/65922—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not
- C08F4/65927—Component covered by group C08F4/64 containing a transition metal-carbon bond containing at least one cyclopentadienyl ring, condensed or not, e.g. an indenyl or a fluorenyl ring containing at least two cyclopentadienyl rings, fused or not two cyclopentadienyl rings being mutually bridged
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
Abstract
(a)一般式(I)(Mは周期律表第3〜10族又はランタノイド系列の金属元素、R1〜R3は、それぞれ独立にハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基又はリン含有基を示す。また、R2及びR4は、水素原子であってもよい。なお、R1とR2及びR2とR3は、たがいに結合して環を形成してもよい。A1、A2は二価の架橋基、Xはσ結合性の配位子、Yはルイス塩基、qは1〜5の整数、rは0〜3の整数)で表される遷移金属化合物及び(b)活性化助触媒を含む重合用触媒の存在下、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合させることにより、非芳香族溶媒中においても、均一な組成で狭い分子量分布を有し、かつ分子量の高いエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を効率よく製造することができる。(A) Formula (I) (where M is a metal element belonging to Groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table or a lanthanoid series; R1 to R3 each independently represent a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Represents a halogen-containing hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group, or a phosphorus-containing group, and R2 and R4 may each be a hydrogen atom. R2 and R2 and R3 may combine with each other to form a ring, A1 and A2 are divalent bridging groups, X is a σ-binding ligand, Y is a Lewis base, and q is 1 to 5 And r is an integer of 0 to 3) in the presence of a transition metal compound represented by the formula (b) and a polymerization catalyst containing an activation cocatalyst, whereby ethylene and a cyclic olefin are copolymerized to form a non-aromatic solvent. Even within, it has a uniform composition, narrow molecular weight distribution, and molecular weight There ethylene - can be produced efficiently cyclic olefin copolymer.
Description
技術分野
本発明はエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法に関し、さらに詳しくは、本発明は、安価な高活性の重合用触媒を用い、非芳香族溶媒中においても、均一な組成で狭い分子量分布を有し、かつ分子量の高いエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を効率よく製造する方法に関するものである。
背景技術
従来、可溶系のオレフィン重合用触媒としては、遷移金属化合物とアルミノキサンとの組み合わせからなるものが知られている(特開昭58−19309号公報、特開昭60−217209号公報)。また、可溶系のオレフィン重合用触媒の活性種としては、カチオン種が有用であることが報告されている〔「ジャーナル・オブ・アメリカン・ケミカル・ソサエティー(J.Am.Chem.Soc.)」第81巻、第81ページ(1959年)、第82巻、第1953ページ(1960年)、第107巻、第7219ページ(1985年)〕。また、この活性種を単離し、オレフィン重合に適用した例としては、「ジャーナル・オブ・アメリカン・ケミカル・ソサエティー(J.Am.Chem.Soc.)」第108巻、第7410ページ(1986年)、特表平1−502636号公報、特開平3−139504号公報、ヨーロッパ公開特許第468651号などを挙げることができる。
また、現在、環境の面からトルエン溶媒よりもヘプタンやヘキサンなどの非芳香族溶媒を用いる重合法が求められている。しかしながら、これらの重合用触媒は、オレフィン重合用としての触媒活性や共重合性、あるいは得られる重合体はその組成の均一性や、分子量、分子量分布などについては、特に非芳香族溶媒中においては必ずしも満足しうるものではなかった。従来、共重合、例えば(C5H5)2ZrCl2触媒を用い、非芳香族溶媒中、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合した場合、高分子量かつ、組成が均一の共重合体を得ることが難しかった。また、分子量を上げようとして触媒を修飾するとコストが高くつき、安価にエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を得ることが難しかった。
発明の開示
本発明は、このような状況下で、安価な高活性の重合用触媒を用い、非芳香族溶媒中においても、分子量が低下することなく、均一な組成で狭い分子量分布を有し、かつ分子量の高いエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を効率よく製造する方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
上記において、組成の均一性の指標の一つとして、共重合体中の環状オレフィン含有が極端に少ない結晶性の成分(以下、ポリエチレン成分と呼ぶ場合がある。)がある。ポリエチレン成分が増えると、例えば透明性などの物性が低下する。
本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するために鋭意研究を重ねた結果、特定の構造を有する遷移金属化合物と活性化助触媒を含む重合用触媒を用い、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合させることにより、その目的を達成し得ることを見出した。本発明は、かかる知見に基づいて完成したものである。
すなわち、本発明は、(a)一般式(I)
〔式中、Mは周期律表第3〜10族又はランタノイド系列の金属元素、R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立にハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基又はリン含有基を示し、R2及びR4は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基又はリン含有基を示す。なお、R1とR2及びR2とR3は、たがいに結合して環を形成してもよい。A1及びA2は、二つのシクロペンタジエニル基と結合して架橋構造を形成する二価の基を示し、それらはたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。Xはσ結合性の配位子を示し、Xが複数ある場合、複数のXは同一でも異なっていてもよく、他のXあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はYと架橋していてもよい。Yはルイス塩基を示し、Yが複数ある場合、複数のYは同一でも異なっていてもよく、他のYあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はXと架橋していてもよい。qは1〜5の整数で、〔(Mの原子価)−2〕を示し、rは0〜3の整数を示す。〕
で表される遷移金属化合物及び(b)活性化助触媒を含む重合用触媒の存在下、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合させることを特徴とするエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法を提供するものである。
発明を実施するための最良の形態
本発明のエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法においては、重合用触媒として、(a)遷移金属化合物、(b)活性化助触媒及び必要に応じて(c)有機アルミニウム化合物を含むものが用いられる。
前記(a)成分の遷移金属化合物は、一般式(I)
で表される構造を有する化合物である。
前記一般式(I)において、Mは周期律表第3〜10族又はランタノイド系列の金属元素を示し、具体例としてはチタニウム、ジルコニウム、ハフニウム、イットリウム、バナジウム、クロム、マンガン、ニッケル、コバルト、パラジウム及びランタノイド系金属などが挙げられるが、これらの中では重合活性などの点からチタニウム、ジルコニウム及びハフニウムが好適である。
R1及びR3は、前述の如くであるが、具体的にはハロゲン原子としては、塩素原子、臭素原子、フッ素原子、ヨウ素原子が挙げられ、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基としては、例えばメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、tert−ブチル基、n−ヘキシル基、n−デシル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基などのアルキル基又はシクロアルキル基、フェニル基、1−ナフチル基、2−ナフチル基などのアリール基、ベンジル基などのアラルキル基などがあり、また炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基としては、例えばトリフルオロメチル基などの上記炭化水素基の水素原子の1個以上が適当なハロゲン原子で置換された基が挙げられる。珪素含有基としては、トリメチルシリル基、ジメチル(tert−ブチル)シリル基などが挙げられ、酸素含有基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基などのアルコキシ基などが挙げられ、イオウ含有基としては、チオール基、スルホン酸基などが挙げられ、窒素含有基としては、ジメチルアミノ基などが挙げられ、リン含有基としては、フェニルホスフィン基などが挙げられる。ここでR1及びR3としては、アルキル基やシクロアルキル基が好ましく、メチル基、i−プロピル基、シクロペンチル基及びシクロヘキシル基がより好ましい。
また、R2及びR4についても、前述の通りであり、ここでハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基及びリン含有基の具体例としては、上記R1及びR3の説明において例示した通りである。なお、このR2及びR4としては、水素原子、炭素数6以下のアルキル基が好ましく、とりわけ水素原子、メチル基、エチル基及びイソプロピル基が特に好ましい。
A1及びA2は、二つのシクロペンタジエニル基と結合して架橋構造を形成する二価の基を示す。このような二価の基としては、例えば炭素数1〜20の二価の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20の二価のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、二価の珪素含有基、二価のゲルマニウム含有基、二価のスズ含有基、−O−、−CO−、−S−、−SO2−、−Se−、−NR−、−PR−、−P(O)R−、−BR−又は−AlR−(ここでRは、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基又は炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基を示す。)が挙げられ、それらはたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。このような架橋基のうち、少なくとも一つは炭素数1以上の炭化水素基からなる架橋基であることが好ましい。このような架橋基としては、メチレン基、エチレン基、エチリデン基、プロピリデン基、イソプロピリデン基、シクロヘキシリデン基、1,2−シクロヘキシレン基、ビニリデン基、ジメチルシリレン基、ジフェニルシリレン基、メチルフェニルシリレン基、ジメチルゲルミレン基、ジメチルスタニレン基、テトラメチルジシリレン基及びジフェニルジシリレン基などを挙げることができる。これらの中で、エチレン基、イソプロピリデン基及びジメチルシリレン基が好適である。
(R17は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基又はヘテロ原子含有基であり、複数のR17は同じでも異なっていてもよいし、たがいに結合して環構造を形成していてもよく、pは1〜4の整数を示す。)
で表される基、具体的にはメチレン基、エチレン基、エチリデン基、イソプロピリデン基、シクロヘキシリデン基、1,2−シクロヘキシレン基、ビニリデン基(CH2=C=)などが挙げられる。あるいはR18 2Si、R18 2Ge、R18 2Sn、R18Al、R18P、R18P(=O)、R18N、酸素(−O−)、硫黄(−S−)、セレン(−Se)〔ただし、R18は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基又はヘテロ原子含有基であり、R18が2つの場合はたがいに同じでも異なっていてもよいし、たがいに結合して環構造を形成していてもよい。〕などが挙げられる。このような二価の基の具体例としては、ジメチルシリレン基、テトラメチルジシリレン基、ジメチルゲルミレン基、ジメチルスタニレン基、メチルボリリデン(CH3−B<)基、メチルアルミリデン(CH3−Al<)基、フェニルホスフィリデン(Ph−P<)基、硫黄(−S−)、セレン(−Se−)などがある。さらに、A1、A2として、ビニレン(−CH=CH−)基、o−キシリレン基
1,2−フェニレン基なども挙げることができる。本発明においては、A1及びA2の少なくとも一つが、ケイ素原子により架橋構造を形成する二価の基であるのが好ましい。
また、Xはσ結合性の配位子を示し、Xが複数ある場合、複数のXは同じでも異なっていてもよく、他のXあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はYと架橋していてもよい。該Xの具体例としては、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のアルコキシル基、炭素数6〜20のアリールオキシ基、炭素数1〜20のアミド基、炭素数1〜20の珪素含有基、炭素数1〜20のホスフィド基、炭素数1〜20のスルフィド基、炭素数1〜20のアシル基などが挙げられる。
一方、Yはルイス塩基を示し、Yが複数ある場合、複数のYは同一でも異なっていてもよく、他のYあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はXと架橋していてもよい。該Yのルイス塩基の具体例としては、アミン類、エーテル類、ホスフィン類、チオエーテル類などを挙げることができる。
qは1〜5の整数で、〔(Mの原子価)−2〕を示し、rは0〜3の整数を示す。
このような一般式(I)で表される遷移金属化合物の具体例としては、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−シクロヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジt−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5−イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−シクロヘキシルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジt−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロペンチル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロヘキシル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5−イソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド 1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5 イソブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)−(4−メチルシクロペンタジエニル)(3−シクロプロピル−5−t−ブチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドなど、及びこれらの化合物における架橋基を(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−ジメチルシリレン)に代えて、(1,1’−ジフェニルシリレン)(2,2’−ジフェニルシリレン)、(1,1’−ジイソプロピルシリレン)(2,2’−ジイソプロピルシリレン)、(1,1’−テトラメチルジシリレン)(2,2’−テトラメチルジシリレン)、(1,1’−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2’−テトラメチルジシリレン)に置き換えたもの、さらにはジルコニウムをハフニウム又はチタニウムに置き換えたものを挙げることができる。もちろん、これらに限定されるものではなく、他の架橋基に置き換えたものや、他の族又はランタノイド系列の金属元素の類似化合物であってもよい。
本発明においては、前記(a)成分の遷移金属化合物は、一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
次に、本発明で用いる重合用触媒における(b)成分の活性化助触媒としては、(b−1)前記(a)成分の遷移金属化合物又はその派生物と反応してイオン性の錯体を形成し得る化合物、(b−2)含酸素有機アルミニウム化合物、(b−3)ルイス酸及び(b−4)粘土系化合物の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種を挙げることができる。
ここで、(b−1)としては、前記(a)成分の遷移金属化合物又はその派生物と反応して、イオン性の錯体を形成するイオン性化合物であれば、いずれのものでも使用できるが、特に効率的に重合活性点を形成できるなどの点から、次の一般式(III),(IV)で表されるものを好適に使用することができる。
(〔L1−R19〕h+)a(〔Z〕−)b ・・・(III)
(〔L2〕h+)a(〔Z〕−)b ・・・(IV)
(ただし、L2はM1,R20R21M2,R22 3 C又はR23M2である。)
〔(III),(IV)式中、L1はルイス塩基、〔Z〕−は、非配位性アニオン〔Z1〕−又は〔Z2〕−、ここで〔Z1〕−は複数の基が元素に結合したアニオンすなわち〔M3G1G2・・・Gf〕(ここで、M3は周期律表第5〜15族元素、好ましくは周期律表第13〜15族元素を示す。G1〜Gfはそれぞれ水素原子,ハロゲン原子,炭素数1〜20のアルキル基,炭素数2〜40のジアルキルアミノ基,炭素数1〜20のアルコキシル基,炭素数6〜20のアリール基,炭素数6〜20のアリールオキシ基,炭素数7〜40のアルキルアリール基,炭素数7〜40のアリールアルキル基,炭素数1〜20のハロゲン置換炭化水素基,炭素数1〜20のアシルオキシ基,有機メタロイド基、又は炭素数2〜20のヘテロ原子含有炭化水素基を示す。G1〜Gfのうち2つ以上が環を形成していてもよい。fは〔(中心金属M3の原子価)+1〕の整数を示す。)、〔Z2〕−は、酸解離定数の逆数の対数(pKa)が−10以下のブレンステッド酸単独又はブレンステッド酸及びルイス酸の組合わせの共役塩基、あるいは一般的に超強酸と定義される共役塩基を示す。また、ルイス塩基が配位していてもよい。また、R19は水素原子,炭素数1〜20のアルキル基,炭素数6〜20のアリール基,アルキルアリール基又はアリールアルキル基を示し、R20及びR21はそれぞれシクロペンタジエニル基,置換シクロペンタジエニル基,インデニル基又はフルオレニル基、R22は炭素数1〜20の3アルキル基,アリール基,アルキルアリール基又はアリールアルキル基を示す。R23はテトラフェニルポルフィリン,フタロシアニンなどの大環状配位子を示す。hは〔L1−R19〕,〔L2〕のイオン価数で1〜3の整数、aは1以上の整数、b=(h×a)である。M1は、周期律表第1〜3、11〜13、17族元素を含むものであり、M2は、周期律表第7〜12族元素を示す。〕
ここで、L1の具体例としては、アンモニア,メチルアミン,アニリン,ジメチルアミン,ジエチルアミン,N−メチルアニリン,ジフェニルアミン,N,N−ジメチルアニリン,トリメチルアミン,トリエチルアミン,トリ−n−ブチルアミン,メチルジフェニルアミン,ピリジン,p−ブロモ−N,N−ジメチルアニリン,p−ニトロ−N,N−ジメチルアニリンなどのアミン類、トリエチルホスフィン,トリフェニルホスフィン,ジフェニルホスフィンなどのホスフィン類、テトラヒドロチオフェンなどのチオエーテル類、安息香酸エチルなどのエステル類、アセトニトリル,ベンゾニトリルなどのニトリル類などを挙げることができる。
R19の具体例としては水素,メチル基,エチル基,ベンジル基,トリチル基などを挙げることができ、R20,R21の具体例としては、シクロペンタジエニル基,メチルシクロペンタジエニル基,エチルシクロペンタジエニル基,ペンタメチルシクロペンタジエニル基などを挙げることができる。R22の具体例としては、フェニル基,p−トリル基,p−メトキシフェニル基などを挙げることができ、R23の具体例としてはテトラフェニルポルフィン,フタロシアニン,アリル,メタリルなどを挙げることができる。また、M1の具体例としては、Li,Na,K,Ag,Cu,Br,I,I3などを挙げることができ、M2の具体例としては、Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Znなどを挙げることができる。
また、〔Z1〕−、すなわち〔M3G1G2・・・Gf〕において、M3の具体例としてはB,Al,Si,P,As,Sbなど、好ましくはB及びAlが挙げられる。また、G1,G2〜Gfの具体例としては、ジアルキルアミノ基としてジメチルアミノ基,ジエチルアミノ基など、アルコキシ基若しくはアリールオキシ基としてメトキシ基,エトキシ基,n−ブトキシ基,フェノキシ基など、炭化水素基としてメチル基,エチル基,n−プロピル基,イソプロピル基,n−ブチル基,イソブチル基,n−オクチル基,n−エイコシル基,フェニル基,p−トリル基,ベンジル基,4−t−ブチルフェニル基,3,5−ジメチルフェニル基など、ハロゲン原子としてフッ素,塩素,臭素,ヨウ素,ヘテロ原子含有炭化水素基としてp−フルオロフェニル基,3,5−ジフルオロフェニル基,ペンタクロロフェニル基,3,4,5−トリフルオロフェニル基,ペンタフルオロフェニル基,3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル基,ビス(トリメチルシリル)メチル基など、有機メタロイド基としてペンタメチルアンチモン基、トリメチルシリル基,トリメチルゲルミル基,ジフェニルアルシン基,ジシクロヘキシルアンチモン基,ジフェニル硼素などが挙げられる。
また、非配位性のアニオンすなわちpKaが−10以下のブレンステッド酸単独又はブレンステッド酸及びルイス酸の組合わせの共役塩基〔Z2〕−の具体例としてはトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸アニオン(CF3SO3)−,ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)メチルアニオン,ビス(トリフルオロメ タンスルホニル)ベンジルアニオン,ビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)アミド,過塩素酸アニオン(ClO4)−,トリフルオロ酢酸アニオン(CF3CO2)−,ヘキサフルオロアンチモンアニオン(SbF6)−,フルオロスルホン酸アニオン(FSO3)−,クロロスルホン酸アニオン(ClSO3)−,フルオロスルホン酸アニオン/5−フッ化アンチモン(FSO3/SbF5)−,フルオロスルホン酸アニオン/5−フッ化砒素(FSO3/AsF5)−,トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸/5−フッ化アンチモン(CF3SO3/SbF5)−などを挙げることができる。
(b−1)成分化合物の具体例としては、テトラフェニル硼酸トリエチルアンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸トリ−n−ブチルアンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸トリメチルアンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸テトラエチルアンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸メチル(トリ−n−ブチル)アンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸ベンジル(トリ−n−ブチル)アンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸ジメチルジフェニルアンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸トリフェニル(メチル)アンモニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸トリメチルアニリニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸メチルピリジニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸ベンジルピリジニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸メチル(2−シアノピリジニウム),テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリエチルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリ−n−ブチルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリフェニルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸テトラ−n−ブチルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸テトラエチルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸ベンジル(トリ−n−ブチル)アンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸メチルジフェニルアンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリフェニル(メチル)アンモニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸メチルアニリニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸ジメチルアニリニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリメチルアニリニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸メチルピリジニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸ベンジルピリジニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸メチル(2−シアノピリジニウム),テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸ベンジル(2−シアノピリジニウム),テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸メチル(4−シアノピリジニウム),テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリフェニルホスホニウム,テトラキス〔ビス(3,5−ジトリフルオロメチル)フェニル〕硼酸ジメチルアニリニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸フェロセニウム,テトラフェニル硼酸銀,テトラフェニル硼酸トリチル,テトラフェニル硼酸テトラフェニルポルフィリンマンガン,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸フェロセニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸(1,1’−ジメチルフェロセニウム),テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸デカメチルフェロセニウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸銀、テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸トリチル,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸リチウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸ナトリウム,テトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼酸テトラフェニルポルフィリンマンガン,テトラフルオロ硼酸銀,ヘキサフルオロ燐酸銀,ヘキサフルオロ砒素酸銀,過塩素酸銀,トリフルオロ酢酸銀,トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸銀などを挙げることができる。
前記(b−1)成分は一種用いてもよく、また二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
また、(b−2)成分である含酸素有機アルミニウム化合物としては、一般式(V)
(式中、R24は炭素数1〜20、好ましくは1〜12のアルキル基,アルケニル基,アリール基,アリールアルキル基などの炭化水素基あるいはハロゲン原子を示し、wは平均重合度を示し、通常2〜50、好ましくは2〜40の整数である。なお、各R24は同じでも異なっていてもよい。)で示される鎖状アルミノキサン、及び一般式(VI)
(式中、R24及びwは前記一般式(V)におけるものと同じである。また、nは正の整数である。)で示される環状アルミノキサンを挙げることができる。
前記アルミノキサンの製造法としては、アルキルアルミニウムと水などの縮合剤とを接触させる方法が挙げられるが、その手段については特に限定はなく、公知の方法に準じて反応させればよい。例えば有機アルミニウム化合物を有機溶剤に溶解しておき、これを水と接触させる方法、重合時に当初有機アルミニウム化合物を加えておき、後に水を添加する方法、金属塩などに含有されている結晶水、無機物や有機物への吸着水を有機アルミニウム化合物と反応させる方法、テトラアルキルジアルミノキサンにトリアルキルアルミニウムを反応させ、さらに水を反応させる方法などがある。なお、アルミノキサンとしては、トルエン不溶性のものであってもよい。この(b−2)成分は一種用いてもよく、二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
次に、(b−3)成分のルイス酸としては、特に制限はなく、有機化合物でも固体状無機化合物でもよい。有機化合物としては、硼素化合物やアルミニウム化合物などが、無機化合物としてはマグネシウム化合物,アルミニウム化合物などが効率的に活性点を形成できる点から好ましく用いられる。該アルミニウム化合物としては例えばビス(2,6−ジ−t−ブチル−4−メチルフェノキシ)アルミニウムメチル,(1,1−ビ−2−ナフトキシ)アルミニウムメチルなどが、マグネシウム化合物としては例えば塩化マグネシウム,ジエトキシマグネシウムなどが、アルミニウム化合物としては酸化アルミニウム,塩化アルミニウムなどが、硼素化合物としては例えばトリフェニル硼素,トリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)硼素,トリス〔3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル〕硼素,トリス〔(4−フルオロメチル)フェニル〕硼素,トリメチル硼素,トリエチル硼素,トリ−n−ブチル硼素,トリス(フルオロメチル)硼素,トリス(ペンタフルオロエチル)硼素,トリス(ノナフルオロブチル)硼素,トリス(2,4,6−トリフルオロフェニル)硼素,トリス(3,5−ジフルオロ)硼素,トリス〔3,5−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)フェニル〕硼素,ビス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)フルオロ硼素,ジフェニルフルオロ硼素,ビス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)クロロ硼素,ジメチルフルオロ硼素,ジエチルフルオロ硼素,ジ−n−ブチルフルオロ硼素,ペンタフルオロフェニルジフルオロ硼素,フェニルジフルオロ硼素,ペンタフルオロフェニルジクロロ硼素,メチルジフルオロ硼素,エチルジフルオロ硼素,n−ブチルジフルオロ硼素などが挙げられる。
これらのルイス酸は一種用いてもよく、また二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
さらに、(b−4)成分の粘土系化合物としては、下記の▲1▼粘土又は粘土鉱物または▲2▼イオン交換性層状化合物を用いることができる。
▲1▼粘土又は粘土鉱物
粘土とは、細かい含水ケイ酸塩鉱物の集合体であって、適当量の水を混ぜてこねると可塑性を生じ、乾けば剛性を示し、高温度で焼くと焼結するような物質をいう。また、粘土鉱物とは、粘土の主成分をなす含水ケイ酸塩をいう。これらは、天然産のものに限らず、人工合成したものであってもよい。
▲2▼イオン交換性層状化合物
イオン交換性層状化合物とは、イオン結合等によって構成される面が互いに弱い結合力で平行に積み重なった結晶構造をとる化合物であり、含有するイオンが交換可能なものをいう。粘土鉱物の中には、イオン交換性層状化合物であるものがある。
例えば、六方最密パッキング型、アンチモン型、塩化カドミウム型、よう化カドミウム型等の層状の結晶構造を有するイオン結晶性化合物あげることができる。イオン交換性層状化合物は、天然産のものに限らず、人工合成したものであってもよい。
該(b−4)成分の具体例としては、カオリン、ベントナイト、木節粘土、ガイロメ粘土、アロフェン、ヒシンゲル石、パイロフィライト、タルク、ウンモ群、モンモリロナイト群、バーミキュライト、リョクデイ石群、パリゴルスカイト、カオリナイト、ナクライト、ディッカイト、ハロイサイト等が挙げられる。(b−4)成分としては、水銀圧入法で測定した半径2nm以上の細孔容積が、0.1ミリリットル/g以上、特には、0.3〜5ミリリットル/g以上のものが好ましい。
これらの中で、(b−4)成分として好ましいものは粘土または粘土鉱物であり、最も好ましいものはモンモリロナイトである。
また、この(b−4)成分は、不純物除去又は構造及び機能を変化させて用いる場合もあり、化学処理を施すことも好ましい。
ここで、化学処理とは、(b−4)成分の表面に付着している不純物を除去する表面処理と表面及び内部の結晶構造に影響を与える処理の何れをもさす。具体的には、酸処理、アルカリ処理、塩類処理、有機物処理等が挙げられる。
酸処理は表面の不純物を取り除く他、結晶構造中のアルミニウム、鉄、マグネシウム等の陽イオンを溶出させることによって表面積を増大させる。アルカリ処理では結晶構造が破壊され、構造の変化をもたらす。また、塩類処理、有機物処理では、イオン複合体、分子複合体、有機複合体などを形成し、表面積や層間距離等を変化させることができる。イオン交換性を利用し、層間の交換性イオンを別の嵩高いイオンと置換することによって、層間が拡大された状態の層間物質を得ることもできる。
また、この(b−4)成分は、そのまま用いてもよいし、新たに水を添加吸着させたものを用いてもよく、あるいは加熱脱水処理したものを用いてもよい。
本発明の製造方法においては、(b−4)成分の粘土系化合物は、前記の化学処理のなかで有機アルミニウム化合物及び/又は有機シラン化合物により処理されたものを用いることが好ましい。
▲3▼粘土系化合物の有機アルミニウム化合物及び/又は有機シラン化合物による処理
(イ)粘土系化合物の有機アルミニウム化合物処理
(b−4)成分の粘土系化合物を処理する有機アルミニウム化合物としては、以下の一般式(VII)で表されるアルキル基含有アルミニウム化合物、また、前記の一般式(V)で表される直鎖状アルミノキサン又は前記の一般式(VI)で表される環状アルミノキサンもしくは環状アルミノキサンの会合体を用いることができる。
R25 mAl(OR26)nX1 3−m−n ・・・(VII)
(式中、R25及びR26は、それぞれ炭素数1〜8、好ましくは1〜4のアルキル基を示し、X1は水素原子あるいはハロゲン原子を示す。また、mは0<m≦3、好ましくは2あるいは3、最も好ましくは3であり、nは0≦n<3、好ましくは0あるいは1である。)
具体的には、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリプロピルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリ−t−ブチルアルミニウム等のトリアルキルアルミニウム、ジメチルアルミニウムクロリド、ジエチルアルミウムクロリド、ジメチルアルミニウムメトキシド、ジエチルアルミニウムメトキシド等のハロゲンあるいはアルコキシ基含有のアルキルアルミニウム、メチルアルモキサン、エチルアルモキサン、イソブチルアルモキサン等のアルモキサン等であり、これらのうち、特にトリイソブチルアルミニウムが好ましい。
粘土系化合物を有機アルミニウム化合物で処理する場合は、(a)成分中の遷移金属と粘土系化合物中の水酸基と有機アルミニウム化合物中のアルミニウム原子のモル比が1:0.1〜100000:0.1〜1000000となるように、特に1:0.5〜10000:0.5〜10000で接触させるのが好ましい。
(ロ)粘土系化合物の有機シラン化合物による処理
(b−4)成分の粘土系化合物を処理する有機シラン化合物としては、例えば、トリメチルシリルクロリド、トリエチルシリルクロリド、トリイソプロピルシリルクロリド、tert−ブチルジメチルシリルクロリド、tert−ブチルジフェニルシリルクロリド、フェネチルジメチルシリルクロリド等のトリアルキルシリルクロリド類、ジメチルシリルジクロリド、ジエチルシリルジクロリド、ジイソプロピルシリルジクロリド、ビスジフェネチルシリルジクロリド、ジフェニルシリルジクロリド、ジメシチルシリルジクロリド、ジトリルシリルジクロリド等のジアルキルシリルジクロリド類、メチルシリルトリクロリド、エチルシリルトリクロリド、イソプロピルシリルトリクロリド、フェニルシリルトリクロリド、メシチルシリルトリクロリド、トリルシリルトリクロリド、フェネチルシリルトリクロリド等のアルキルシリルトリクロリド類、及び上記クロリドの部分を他のハロゲン元素で置き換えたハライド類、ビス(トリメチルシリル)アミド、ビス(トリエチルシリル)アミド、ビス(トリイソプロピルシリル)アミド、ビス(ジメチルエチルシリル)アミド、ビス(ジエチルメチルシリル)アミド、ビス(ジメチルフェニルシリル)アミド、ビス(ジメチルトリルシリル)アミド、ビス(ジメチルメシチルシリル)アミド等のジシラザン類、パーアルキルポリシロキシポリオールの慣用名で称せられるポリシラノール類、ジメチルジフェニルシラン、ジエチルジフェニルシラン、ジイソプロピルジフェニルシラン等のテトラアルキルシラン類、トリメチルシラン、トリエチルシラン、トリイソプロピルシラン、トリ−t−ブチルシラン、トリフェニルシラン、トリトリルシラン、トリメシチルシラン、メチルジフェニルシラン、ジナフチルメチルシラン、ビス(ジフェニル)メチルシラン等のトリアルキルシラン類、また四塩化ケイ素、四臭化ケイ素、等の無機ケイ素化合物が挙げられる。これらのうち、好ましくはジシラザン類であり、より好ましくは、トリアルキルシランクロリド類である。これらの内から一種類用いても良いが、場合によっては二種類以上を任意に組み合わせて用いることも可能である。
粘土系化合物を有機シラン化合物で処理する場合は、(a)成分中の遷移金属と粘土系化合物中の水酸基と有機シラン化合物中のケイ素原子のモル比が1:0.1〜100000:0.1〜1000000となるように、特に1:0.5〜10000:0.5〜10000で接触させるのが好ましい。
本発明においては、触媒成分の少なくとも一種を適当な担体に担持して用いることができる。該担体の種類については特に制限はなく、無機酸化物担体、それ以外の無機担体及び有機担体のいずれも用いることができるが、特にモルホロジー制御の点から無機酸化物担体あるいはそれ以外の無機担体が好ましい。
本発明においては、この(b)成分の活性化助触媒として、特にアルミノキサンからなる含酸素有機アルミミウム化合物が好適である。
本発明における重合用触媒において、必要に応じて用いられる(c)成分の有機アルミニウム化合物としては、前記一般式(VII),(V)及び(VI)で表されるアルキル基含有アルミニウム化合物、直鎖状アルミノキサンまたは環状アルミノキサンもしくは環状アルミノキサンの会合体を挙げることができる。好ましくは、前記一般式(VII)で表される有機アルミニウム化合物であり、中でもトリアルキルアルミニウムが好ましい。
本発明における重合用触媒としては、(a)成分として前記一般式(I)におけるA1及びA2の少なくとも一つがケイ素原子により架橋構造を形成する二価の基である遷移金属化合物を、(b)成分として該(a)成分の遷移金属化合物又はその派生物と反応してイオン性の錯体を形成し得る化合物、含酸素有機アルミニウム化合物、ルイス酸及び粘土系化合物の中から選ばれる少なくとも一種を、(c)成分としてトリアルキルアルミニウムを用いたものが好ましく、特に、該(b)成分としてアルミノキサンを用いたものが好適である。
本発明においては、前記重合用触媒の存在下に、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合させて、エチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を製造する。
この場合、エチレンとしては、エチレン単独でもよいし、またエチレンとプロピレン、ブテン−1、4−メチルペンテン−1等の炭素数3〜25の他のα−オレフィンとの混合物も用いることができる。環状オレフィンとしては、例えばシクロペンテン、シクロヘキセンなどの単環オレフィン、ノルボルネンなどの多環オレフィン、ジシクロペンタジエニルなどの環状ジエンを挙げることができる。
これらの環状オレフィンは一種用いてもよく、また二種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。これらの中で特に好ましいのは、一般式(II)
(式中、R5〜R16は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基又はハロゲン原子、酸素原子若しくは窒素原子を含む置換基、nは0以上の整数を示し、R13又はR14とR15又はR16とはたがいに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、R5〜R16はたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。)
で表される環状オレフィンであり、中でもノルボルネン又はその誘導体が好適である。
前記一般式(II)における炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基としては、例えばメチル基,エチル基,n−プロピル基,イソプロピル基,n−ブチル基,イソブチル基,t−ブチル基,ヘキシル基などの炭素数1〜20のアルキル基、フェニル基,トリル基,ベンジル基などの炭素数6〜20のアリール基,アルキルアリール基もしくはアリールアルキル基、メチリデン基,エチリデン基,プロピリデン基などの炭素数1〜20のアルキリデン基、ビニル基,アリル基などの炭素数2〜20のアルケニル基等を挙げることができる。なお、R7,R8,R11〜R16のいずれかがアルキリデン基の場合、それが結合している炭素原子は他の置換基を有さない。
また、ハロゲン原子を含む置換基としては、例えば、弗素,塩素,臭素,沃素などのハロゲン基、クロロメチル基,ブロモメチル基,クロロエチル基などの炭素数1〜20のハロゲン置換アルキル基等を挙げることができる。
酸素原子を含む置換基としては、例えば、メトキシ基,エトキシ基,プロポキシ基,フェノキシ基などの炭素数1〜20のアルコキシ基、メトキシカルボニル基,エトキシカルボニル基などの炭素数1〜20のアルコキシカルボニル基等を挙げることができる。
窒素原子を含む置換基としては、例えば、ジメチルアミノ基,ジエチルアミノ基などの炭素数1〜20のアルキルアミノ基やシアノ基等を挙げることができる。
一般式(II)で示される環状オレフィンとしては、例えば、ノルボルネン、5−メチルノルボルネン、5−エチルノルボルネン、5−プロピルノルボルネン、5,6−ジメチルノルボルネン、1−メチルノルボルネン、7−メチルノルボルネン、5,5,6−トリメチルノルボルネン、5−フェニルノルボルネン、5−ベンジルノルボルネン、5−エチリデンノルボルネン、5−ビニルノルボルネン、1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−メチル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−エチル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2,3−ジメチル−1、4、5、8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−ヘキシル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−エチリデン−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−フルオロ−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、1,5−ジメチル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−シクロヘキシル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2,3−ジクロロ−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、2−イソブチル−1,4,5,8−ジメタノ−1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a−オクタヒドロナフタレン、1,2−ジヒドロシシクロペンタジエン、5−クロロノルボルネン、5,5−ジクロロノルボルネン、5−フルオロノルボルネン、5,5,6−トリフルオロ−6−トリフルオロメチルノルボルネン、5−クロロメチルノルボルネン、5−メトキシノルボルネン、5,6−ジカルボキシルノルボルネンアンハイドレート、5−ジメチルアミノノルボルネン、5−シアノノルボルネンなどを挙げることができる。
本発明における重合方法としては特に制限はないが、スラリー重合、気相重合、高圧重合、溶液重合など公知の方法が使用でき、これらの重合方法単独あるいは複数の方法を組み合わせた多段重合や予備重合なども使用できる。なかでも、溶液重合が好ましい。
重合温度としては、特に制限はないが、通常20〜250℃、好ましくは40〜220℃、より好ましくは60〜190℃である。また、重合圧力については、特に制限はないが、0.05〜10MPaが好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.1〜7MPaである。重合時間については、特に制限はないが、通常1〜180分である。
触媒使用量は(a)成分の遷移金属換算量で0.001〜1000マイクロモル/リットル、好ましくは0.01〜100マイクロモル/リットル、特に好ましくは0.02〜50マイクロモル/リットルである。使用量が多過ぎると重合の除熱が困難となる。一方、使用量が少な過ぎると十分な活性が発現しない。
活性化助触媒の使用量は、(b−1)成分を用いる場合は、遷移金属に対して、通常0.1〜10倍量(モル比)、好ましくは0.3〜5倍量、特に好ましくは0.5〜3倍量である。また、(b−2)成分を用いる場合は、遷移金属に対して、通常1〜10000倍量(モル比)、好ましくは5〜5000倍量である。(b−3)成分を用いる場合は、遷移金属に対して、通常0.1〜10倍量(モル比)、好ましくは0.3〜5倍量、特に好ましくは0.5〜3倍量である。(b−4)成分を用いる場合は、遷移金属1モルに対して、通常0.0001〜100g好ましくは0.005〜50g、特に好ましくは0.001〜10gである。なお、化学処理した(b−4)を用いる場合は、遷移金属1モルに対して、通常0.0001〜100g好ましくは0.005〜50g、特に好ましくは0.001〜10gである。いずれの助触媒の場合も使用量が多過ぎるとコスト高や共重合体中の残存量が増加してポリマー物性が低下するなどの問題がある。逆に使用量が少な過ぎる場合は十分な触媒活性が得られず、コスト高やポリマー物性の低下が起こる。
(c)成分の有機アルミニウム化合物を用いる場合は、遷移金属に対して、通常1〜10000倍量(モル比)、好ましくは5〜1000倍量、特に好ましくは10〜500倍量である。
共重合体の分子量の調節方法としては、各触媒成分の種類,使用量,重合温度の選択、さらには水素存在下での重合などがある。
重合溶媒を用いる場合、例えば、ベンゼン,トルエン,キシレン,エチルベンゼンなどの芳香族炭化水素、シクロペンタン,シクロヘキサン,メチルシクロヘキサンなどの脂環式炭化水素、ペンタン,ヘキサン,ヘプタン,オクタンなどの脂肪族炭化水素、クロロホルム,ジクロロメタンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素などを用いることができる。これらの溶媒は一種を単独で用いてもよく、二種以上のものを組み合わせてもよいが、本発明においては、非芳香族溶媒を用いるのが有利である。また、環状オレフィンやα−オレフィンなどのモノマーを溶媒として用いてもよい。なお、重合方法によっては無溶媒で行うことができる。
本発明においては、前記重合用触媒を用いて予備重合を行うことができる。予備重合は、触媒成分に、例えば、少量のオレフィンを接触させることにより行うことができるが、その方法に特に制限はなく、公知の方法を用いることができる。予備重合に用いるオレフィンについては特に制限はなく、前記に例示したものと同様のもの、例えばエチレン、炭素数3〜20のα−オレフィン、環状オレフィンあるいはこれらの混合物などを挙げることができるが、該重合において用いるオレフィンと同じオレフィンを用いることが有利である。
また、予備重合温度は、通常−20〜200℃、好ましくは−10〜130℃、より好ましくは0〜80℃である。予備重合においては、溶媒として、脂肪族炭化水素,芳香族炭化水素,モノマーなどを用いることができる。これらの中で特に好ましいのは脂肪族炭化水素である。また、予備重合は無溶媒で行ってもよい。
予備重合においては、予備重合生成物の極限粘度〔η〕(135℃デカリン中で測定)が0.2デシリットル/g以上、特に0.5デシリットル/g以上、触媒中の遷移金属成分1ミリモル当たりに対する予備重合生成物の量が1〜10000g、特に10〜1000gとなるように条件を調整することが望ましい。
以上のような製造方法によりエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を効率よく得ることができる。
なお、前記の共重合法(予備重合も含む)において、必要に応じて系内の触媒被毒物質の除去や錯体のアルキル化等を目的に、直鎖アルキル基、分岐アルキル基、ハロゲン、アルコキシ基より選ばれた置換基をもつ有機アルミニウム化合物を用いて予めリアクター内や触媒を処理してから行うこともできる。この場合、有機アルミニウム化合物の用いる量は、遷移金属1モルに対し、通常0.001〜10000モルであり、好ましくは0.01〜5000モル、特に好ましくは0.1〜5000モルである。
次に、本発明を実施例によりさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は、これらの例によってなんら限定されるものではない。
実施例1
(1)(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドの合成
100ミリリットルのシュレンクに窒素気流下、シクロペンチルナトリウム1.5g及び無水テトラヒドロフラン(THF)10ミリリットルを投入した。その後、−78℃でシクロペンタジエニルブロミド1.8ミリリットルを撹拌下ゆっくりと投入し、2時間、室温にて放置した。反応終了後、水50ミリリットルを投入し、100ミリリットルのジエチルエーテルで抽出し有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過し減圧下で溶媒を留去することにより、シクロペンチルシクロペンタジエンを得た。
次に、100ミリリットルのシュレンクに窒素気流下、シクロペンチルシクロペンタジエン2.4g及びメタノール15ミリリットル、シクロペンタノン1.5ミリリットルを投入した。その後、0℃でピロリジン1.4ミリリットルを撹拌下ゆっくりと投入し、1.5時間、室温にて放置した。反応終了後、水50ミリリットルを投入し、100ミリリットルのヘキサンで抽出し有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過し減圧下で溶媒を留去することにより、オイル状生成物を得た。ジムロート管及び滴下ロート付の100ミリリットル三口フラスコに無水THF20ミリリットル及びリチウムアルミニウムハイドライド0.2gを投入し、上記で得られたオイル状生成物をTHF10ミリリットルに溶解した溶液を氷冷、窒素雰囲気下で滴下した。滴下終了後、氷冷下で水20ミリリットルを投入しジエチルエーテル50ミリリットルで抽出した。有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過し減圧下で溶媒を留去することにより得たオイル状生成物をヘキサンを溶媒としたシリカゲルカラムにより精製することにより、1,3−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエンを得た。
次に、100ミリリットルのシュレンクに窒素気流下、1,3−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエン1.1g(5.44ミリモル)及び無水ヘキサン 10ミリリットルを投入した。その溶液中に窒素気流下、−78℃で撹拌しながら、1.56モル/リットル濃度のノルマルブチルリチウム溶液3.5ミリリットル(5.46ミリモル)を滴下し、室温下で6時間放置した。生成した白色沈殿物をヘキサンと分別するためカヌラーを用いヘキサンをろ別した。残った白色沈殿中へ、無水THF5ミリリットルを投入し、−78℃でジクロロジメチルシラン0.66ミリリットルを滴下した。室温で30分間放置した後、シクロペンタジエニルナトリウム0.48gを含む無水テトラヒドロフラン(THF)溶液3ミリリットルを室温下で滴下した。1時間後、水20ミリリットルを投入しジエチルエーテル50ミリリットルで抽出した。有機層を硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥後、ろ過し減圧下で溶媒を留去することにより、(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)(シクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルシラン0.79gを得た。
これをエーテル20ミリリットルに溶解し、0℃でノルマルブチルリチウムのヘキサン溶液(1.56モル/リットル)3.1ミリリットルを滴下し、終夜攪拌した。生成した沈殿をろ別し、乾燥させることにより、ジリチウム塩を得た。このジリチウム塩をTHF20ミリリットルに溶解し、0℃でジクロロジメチルシラン0.29ミリリットルを滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、n−ヘキサン30ミリリットルで抽出することにより、1,3−ジジクロペンチル−4,4,8,8−テトラメチルテトラヒドロ−4,8−ジシラ−s−インダセン0.64gを得た。
100ミリリットルのシュレンクに窒素気流下、得られた配位子0.26g及び無水ヘキサン10ミリリットル、無水ジエチルエーテル1ミリリットルを投入し、−78℃で撹拌しながら1.56モル/リットル濃度のノルマルブチルリチウム溶液0.9ミリリットルを滴下し、室温下で6時間放置した。生成した白色沈殿物をヘキサンと分別するためカヌラーを用いヘキサンをろ別した。残った白色沈殿中へ、窒素気流下、無水トルエン5ミリリットルを投入し、−78℃で四塩化ジルコニウム0.16gのトルエン懸濁液5ミリリットルを滴下した。滴下終了後、2時間室温で撹拌し、トルエンを減圧下で留去した。残留物に無水ヘキサン10ミリリットルを投入し、カヌラーでろ過した。得られたヘキサン溶液を濃縮し、再結晶することにより目的とする下記構造の錯体を得た。
1H−NMR(δppm/CDCl3);6.82(d,2H),6.50(t,1H),6.31(s,1H),2.90(m,2H),2.30−1.10(m,16H),0.90(s,6H),0.62(s,6H)
(2)エチレンとノルボルネンとの共重合
1リットルのオートクレーブに乾燥ヘプタン380ミリリットル、2−ノルボルネン57ミリモル(30質量%ヘプタン溶液)、アルベマール社製メチルアルミノキサン(MAO)2.0ミリモル、上記(1)で製造した(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド0.5マイクロモルを投入した。その後、水素10kPaを充填した後、エチレン分圧を0.7MPaになるように連続的にエチレンを供給した。そして、同時に80℃まで昇温した。エチレン圧が0.7MPaに達し、15分間共重合を行った後、メタノールの添加により重合を停止した。重合体を過剰のメタノールに移し、ろ過分離し、減圧下に90℃で12時間乾燥したところ、12gの共重合体が得られた。遷移金属当たりの活性、1H−NMRにより決定した2−ノルボルネン単位含有率はそれぞれ1055kg/gZr、8.4モル%であった。また、この共重合体の極限粘度〔η〕、重量平均分子量(Mw)及び分子量分布(Mw/Mn)等を第1表に示す。
実施例2及び3
実施例1において、重合条件を第1表に示すように変えた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行い、共重合体を得た。結果を第1表に示す。
比較例1
実施例1(2)において、(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリド0.5マイクロモルの代わりに、ビスシクロペンタジエニルジルコニウムジクロリド0.5マイクロモルを用いた以外は同様にして重合を行った。その結果、遷移金属当たりの活性、1H−NMRにより決定した2−ノルボルネン単位含有率はそれぞれ500kg/gZr、3モル%であった。他の結果を併せて第1表に示す。
分子量の均一性の指標としては、GPCによりMw/Mnを測定することが広く用いられている。第1表−2の結果より、本発明の製造方法で得た共重合体は、Mw/Mnの値が小さく、分子量分布が狭く、均一であることが分かる。このため、本発明の共重合体を用いて製造した成形品は、良好な機械特性や光学特性(例えば、透明性)を示すものと予測される。
実施例4
(1)(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドの合成
3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエン2.1gとn−BuLiのヘキサン溶液(1.59モル/リットル)27.7ミリリットルにより調製した3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニルリチウムをTHF30ミリリットルに溶解し、この溶液に0℃でジクロロジメチルシラン2.7ミリリットルを添加した。室温で8時間攪拌した後、THFを留去し、残渣をn−ヘキサン60ミリリットルで抽出した。抽出液の溶媒を留去することにより、黄色油状物として(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルクロロシラン4.1gを得た。
THF30ミリリットル中でシクロペンタジエン1.5g(22.0ミリモル)とナトリウム0.51g(22.0ミリモル)からナトリウムシクロペンタジエニドを調製し、これに上記で合成した(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルクロロシラン4.1gを滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。溶媒を留去し、残渣をn−ヘキサン60ミリリットルで抽出した後、n−ヘキサンを留去することにより、(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)(シクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルシラン2.62g(12.1ミリモル)を得た。これをエーテル30ミリリットルに溶解した溶液に、0℃でn−BuLiのヘキサン溶液(1.59モル/リットル)15.2ミリリットルを滴下し、終夜攪拌した。生成した黄褐色沈殿をろ別し、乾燥させることによりジリチウム塩を得た。
このジリチウム塩をTHF20ミリリットルに溶解し、0℃でジクロロジメチルシラン1.5ミリリットルを滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、n−ヘキサン40ミリリットルで抽出することにより、1,3,4,4,8,8−ヘキサメチルテトラヒドロ−4,8−ジシラ−s−インダセン2.46g(9.0ミリモル)を得た。
これをエーテル30ミリリットルに溶解し、n−BuLiのn−ヘキサン溶液(1.59モル/リットル)11.3ミリリットルを−78℃で滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌することにより、ジリチウム塩を白色固体として得た。このジリチウム塩をトルエン20ミリリットルに懸濁させ、この懸濁液に、トルエン10ミリリットルに懸濁させておいた四塩化ジルコニウム1.8g(7.7ミリモル)を室温で添加した。室温で終夜攪拌した後ろ別し、得られた褐色溶液を濃縮することにより、目的とする(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドを白色固体として1.6g得た。1H−NMRの測定結果は下記の通りである。
1H−NMR(δppm/90MHz,CDCl3);0.57,0.86(s,−SiMe2−,12H),2.19(s,−Me,6H)5.99(s,CH,1H),6.53(t,CH,1H),6.85(d,CH,2H)
(2)エチレンとノルボルネンとの共重合
実施例1(2)において、(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドの代りに、(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジメチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドを用い、重合条件を第2表に示すように変えた以外は、実施例1(2)と同様の操作を行い、共重合体を得た。この共重合体についての測定結果を第2表に示す。
実施例5
(1)(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドの合成
イソプロピルシクロペンタジエン36.6g(338.4ミリモル)とアセトン27.3ミリリットルにメタノール200ミリリットルを加えた。これに、室温でピロリジン36ミリリットルを滴下することにより、3−イソプロピル−6,6−ジメチルフルベン36.8gを合成した。水素化リチウムアルミニウム9.4gにエーテル200ミリリットルを加え氷冷下で、3−イソプロピル−6,6−ジメチルフルベン35.3g(237.8ミリモル)をエーテル50ミリリットルに溶解した溶液を滴下した。滴下が終了した後、さらに1時間攪拌し、加水分解を行なった。分液した後、有機相の溶媒を留去することにより、1,3−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエン27.6g(183.5ミリモル)を得た。
得られた1,3−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエン9.6g(63.4ミリモル)にトルエン75ミリリットルとn−ヘキサン60ミリリットルを加え、0℃でn−BuLiのヘキサン溶液(1.55モル/リットル)45ミリリットルを滴下した。これを、室温で終夜攪拌した後、生成した沈殿物をろ別することにより、1,3−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニルリチウムを得た。この1,3−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニルリチウムにTHF50ミリリットルを加え、室温でジクロロジメチルシラン10.8ミリリットル(89ミリモル)を滴下し、そのまま終夜攪拌した。溶媒を留去した後、残渣をn−ヘキサン40ミリリットルで抽出することにより、2,4−ジイソプピルシクロペンタジエニルジメチルクロロシラン14.4g(59ミリモル)を得た。
得られた2,4−ジイソプピルシクロペンタジエニルジメチルクロロシラン10.7g(44.1モル)をTHF70ミリリットルに溶解し、ナトリウムシクロペンタジエニド3.9g(44.1モル)を室温で添加した。これを3時間攪拌した後、THFを減圧下で留去し、残渣をn−ヘキサン40ミリリットルで抽出した。溶媒を留去することにより、(2,4−ジイソプピルシクロペンタジエニル)(シクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルシランを黄色油状物として得た。得られた(2,4−ジイソプピルシクロペンタジエニル)(シクロペンタジエニル)ジメチルシラン2.19g(8.0ミリモル)にエーテル30ミリリットルを加え、n−BuLiのヘキサン溶液(1.55モル/リットル)10.3ミリリットルを0℃で滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。溶媒を減圧下で留去した後、得られた白色の固体をn−ヘキサン20ミリリットルで洗浄することにより、ジリチウム塩を得た。このジリチウム塩をTHF20ミリリットルに溶解し、室温でジクロロジメチルシラン1.0ミリリットルを滴下し、5時間攪拌した。減圧下で溶媒を留去し、残渣をn−ヘキサン20ミリリットルで抽出することにより、1,3−ジイソプロピル−4,4,8,8−テトラメチルテトラヒドロ−4,8−ジシラ−s−インダセン2.39g(7.27モル)を得た。
これをエーテル20ミリリットルに溶解し、n−BuLiのn−ヘキサン溶液(1.55モル/リットル)9.4ミリリットルを−78℃で滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。生成した沈殿をろ別し、得られた白色固体を減圧乾燥させることにより、ジリチウム塩を得た。このジリチウム塩をトルエン15ミリリットルに懸濁させ、この懸濁液に、別にトルエン10ミリリットルに懸濁させておいた四塩化ジルコニウム1.7g(7.27ミリモル)を室温で滴下し、室温で終夜攪拌した。生成した沈殿をろ別し、ろ液を約5分の1に濃縮することにより、目的とする(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドを白色固体として1.5g得た。1H−NMRの測定結果は下記の通りである。
1H−NMR(δppm/90MHz,CDCl3);0.62,0.88(s,−SiMe2−,12H),1.05,1.32(d,−Me,12H),2.80(septet,CH,2H),6.33(s,CH,1H),6.53(t,CH,1H),6.84(d,CH,2H)
(2)エチレンとノルボルネンとの共重合
実施例1(2)において、(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジシクロペンチルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドの代りに、(1,1′−ジメチルシリレン)(2,2′−ジメチルシリレン)−(シクロペンタジエニル)(3,5−ジイソプロピルシクロペンタジエニル)ジルコニウムジクロリドを用い、重合条件を第2表に示すように変えた以外は、実施例1(2)と同様の操作を行い、共重合体を得た。この共重合体についての測定結果を第2表に示す。
ポリエチレン成分量、すなわち共重合体中の環状オレフィン含量が極端に少ない結晶性の成分量の指標としてDSC(示差走査熱量)測定による高融点成分がある。本発明の製造方法で得た共重合体は、第2表−2に示すように、DSC測定において110℃以上の高融点成分がない。このことから、共重合体の組成が均一であることが分かる。このため、本発明の共重合体を用いて製造した成形品は、良好な機械特性や光学特性(例えば、透明性)を示すものと予測される。
[注]
1)示差走査型熱量計(パーキン・エルマー社製,DSC−7)を用い、試料10mgを窒素雰囲気下190℃まで昇温した後、降温速度5℃/分で−10℃まで冷却して5分間保持し、その後、昇温速度10℃/分で190℃まで昇温させることにより得られた融解吸熱カーブの最大ピークのピークトップが融点:Tmであり、この場合の融解吸熱量がΔHである。
産業上の利用可能性
本発明によれば、安価な高活性の重合用触媒を用い、非芳香族溶媒中において、分子量が低下することなく、均一な組成で狭い分子量分布を有し、かつ分子量の高いエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体を効率よく製造することができる。 Technical field
The present invention relates to a method for producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer, and more specifically, the present invention uses an inexpensive and highly active polymerization catalyst, and even in a non-aromatic solvent, has a uniform composition and a narrow molecular weight distribution. The present invention relates to a method for efficiently producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer having a high molecular weight.
Background art
Heretofore, as a soluble olefin polymerization catalyst, those comprising a combination of a transition metal compound and an aluminoxane have been known (JP-A-58-19309, JP-A-60-217209). Also, it has been reported that cationic species are useful as active species of soluble olefin polymerization catalysts [Journal of American Chemical Society (J. Am. Chem. Soc.)] 81, page 81 (1959), volume 82, page 1953 (1960), volume 107, page 7219 (1985)]. An example of isolating this active species and applying it to olefin polymerization is described in “Journal of American Chemical Society (J. Am. Chem. Soc.)”, Vol. 108, p. 7410 (1986). JP-A-1-502636, JP-A-3-139504, and European Patent No. 468,651.
At present, a polymerization method using a non-aromatic solvent such as heptane or hexane rather than a toluene solvent is required from an environmental point of view. However, these polymerization catalysts have catalytic activity and copolymerizability for olefin polymerization, or the resulting polymer has uniform composition, molecular weight, molecular weight distribution, etc., especially in non-aromatic solvents. It was not always satisfactory. Conventionally, copolymerization such as (C5H5)2ZrCl2When ethylene and a cyclic olefin are copolymerized in a non-aromatic solvent using a catalyst, it has been difficult to obtain a copolymer having a high molecular weight and a uniform composition. Further, if the catalyst is modified in order to increase the molecular weight, the cost is high, and it has been difficult to obtain an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer at low cost.
Disclosure of the invention
Under such circumstances, the present invention uses an inexpensive high-activity polymerization catalyst, even in a non-aromatic solvent, without reducing the molecular weight, having a uniform composition, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and a molecular weight. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for efficiently producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer having a high content.
In the above description, as an index of the composition uniformity, there is a crystalline component (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a polyethylene component) in which the content of cyclic olefin in the copolymer is extremely low. When the polyethylene component increases, physical properties such as transparency decrease.
The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to achieve the above object, and as a result, using a polymerization catalyst including a transition metal compound having a specific structure and an activation cocatalyst, copolymerizing ethylene and a cyclic olefin. Has found that the object can be achieved. The present invention has been completed based on such findings.
That is, the present invention relates to (a) general formula (I)
[Wherein, M is a metal element belonging to Groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table or a lanthanoid series;1And R3Is independently a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group or a phosphorus-containing group. And R2And R4Are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group or a phosphorus atom. Shows the contained groups. Note that R1And R2And R2And R3May combine with each other to form a ring. A1And A2Represents a divalent group which forms a crosslinked structure by bonding to two cyclopentadienyl groups, which may be the same or different. X represents a σ-binding ligand, and when there are a plurality of Xs, the plurality of Xs may be the same or different, and may be cross-linked to another X or a cyclopentadienyl group or Y. Y represents a Lewis base, and when there are a plurality of Ys, the plurality of Ys may be the same or different, and may be crosslinked with another Y or a cyclopentadienyl group or X. q represents an integer of 1 to 5 and represents ((valency of M) -2), and r represents an integer of 0 to 3. ]
A copolymerization of ethylene and a cyclic olefin in the presence of a polymerization catalyst containing a transition metal compound represented by the formula (b) and an activating cocatalyst: Things.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the method for producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer of the present invention, a polymerization catalyst containing (a) a transition metal compound, (b) an activating co-catalyst, and (c) an organoaluminum compound as required. Used.
The transition metal compound of the component (a) has the general formula (I)
Is a compound having a structure represented by
In the general formula (I), M represents a metal element belonging to Groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table or a lanthanoid series, and specific examples include titanium, zirconium, hafnium, yttrium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, nickel, cobalt, and palladium. And lanthanoid metals. Of these, titanium, zirconium and hafnium are preferred from the viewpoint of polymerization activity and the like.
R1And R3Is as described above, but specific examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, a fluorine atom and an iodine atom, and examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include a methyl group and an ethyl group. Group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, tert-butyl group, n-hexyl group, n-decyl group, cyclopentyl group, alkyl group such as cyclohexyl group or cycloalkyl group, phenyl group, There are an aryl group such as a 1-naphthyl group and a 2-naphthyl group, an aralkyl group such as a benzyl group, and the like, and examples of the halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms include the above-mentioned hydrocarbon groups such as a trifluoromethyl group. And a group in which one or more of the hydrogen atoms has been replaced with a suitable halogen atom. Examples of the silicon-containing group include a trimethylsilyl group and a dimethyl (tert-butyl) silyl group, examples of the oxygen-containing group include an alkoxy group such as a methoxy group and an ethoxy group, and examples of the sulfur-containing group include a thiol group. , A sulfonic acid group, and the like. Examples of the nitrogen-containing group include a dimethylamino group. Examples of the phosphorus-containing group include a phenylphosphine group. Where R1And R3Is preferably an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group, more preferably a methyl group, an i-propyl group, a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group.
Also, R2And R4Is also as described above, wherein a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, and a nitrogen-containing group Specific examples of the group and the phosphorus-containing group include the above-mentioned R1And R3Is as exemplified in the description. Note that this R2And R4Are preferably a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms, and particularly preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group and an isopropyl group.
A1And A2Represents a divalent group which forms a crosslinked structure by bonding to two cyclopentadienyl groups. Examples of such a divalent group include a divalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a divalent halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a divalent silicon-containing group, and a divalent germanium. -Containing group, divalent tin-containing group, -O-, -CO-, -S-, -SO2-, -Se-, -NR-, -PR-, -P (O) R-, -BR- or -AlR- (where R is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms) Or a halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms), which may be the same or different. At least one of such crosslinking groups is preferably a crosslinking group comprising a hydrocarbon group having 1 or more carbon atoms. Examples of such a crosslinking group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, an ethylidene group, a propylidene group, an isopropylidene group, a cyclohexylidene group, a 1,2-cyclohexylene group, a vinylidene group, a dimethylsilylene group, a diphenylsilylene group, and methylphenyl. Examples thereof include a silylene group, a dimethylgermylene group, a dimethylstannylene group, a tetramethyldisilylene group, and a diphenyldisilylene group. Among these, an ethylene group, an isopropylidene group and a dimethylsilylene group are preferred.
(R17Is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing group or a heteroatom-containing group;17May be the same or different, or may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure, and p represents an integer of 1 to 4. )
, Specifically, a methylene group, an ethylene group, an ethylidene group, an isopropylidene group, a cyclohexylidene group, a 1,2-cyclohexylene group, a vinylidene group (CH2= C =). Or R18 2Si, R18 2Ge, R18 2Sn, R18Al, R18P, R18P (= O), R18N, oxygen (-O-), sulfur (-S-), selenium (-Se) [where R18Is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C20 hydrocarbon group, a C1-C20 halogen-containing hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group or a heteroatom-containing group;18May be the same or different in two cases, or may be bonded to each other to form a ring structure. And the like. Specific examples of such a divalent group include dimethylsilylene, tetramethyldisilylene, dimethylgermylene, dimethylstannylene, methylborylidene (CH3-B <) group, methylaluminidene (CH3-Al <) group, phenylphosphidene (Ph-P <) group, sulfur (-S-), selenium (-Se-) and the like. Furthermore, A1, A2A vinylene (-CH = CH-) group, an o-xylylene group
A 1,2-phenylene group can also be mentioned. In the present invention, A1And A2Is preferably a divalent group that forms a crosslinked structure with a silicon atom.
X represents a σ-binding ligand, and when there are a plurality of Xs, the plurality of Xs may be the same or different, and may be cross-linked with another X or a cyclopentadienyl group or Y . Specific examples of X include a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and an amide having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Groups, a silicon-containing group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a phosphide group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a sulfide group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an acyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the like.
On the other hand, Y represents a Lewis base, and when there are a plurality of Ys, the plurality of Ys may be the same or different, and may be crosslinked with another Y or a cyclopentadienyl group or X. Specific examples of the Lewis base of Y include amines, ethers, phosphines, thioethers and the like.
q represents an integer of 1 to 5 and represents ((valency of M) -2), and r represents an integer of 0 to 3.
Specific examples of the transition metal compound represented by the general formula (I) include (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5 -Dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclohexylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-cyclohexylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisopropylcyclyl) (Pentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′- Dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene )-(Cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-di-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1 -Dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2 ′ -Dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadiene Enyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-t-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl- 5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl-5-isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl-5-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethyl (Silylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopropyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl ) (3-Cyclopropyl-5-isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dic Lido, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopropyl-5-t-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1 '-Dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2 , 2'-Dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclohexylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)- (4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-cyclohexylcyclopentadienyl ) Zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1 '-Dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2 2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-( 4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-di-tert-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium Mudichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1 '-Dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) ( 2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethyl Silylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopentyl-5-t- (Tylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) Zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl-5-isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, 1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclohexyl-5-t-butylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1'-dimethyl Silylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclyl) (Pentadienyl) (3-cyclopropyl-5-isopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride 1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene) (4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopropyl- 5 isobutylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride, (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(4-methylcyclopentadienyl) (3-cyclopropyl-5-t-butylcyclo (Pentadienyl) zirconium dichloride and the like, and (1,1′-diphenylsilylene) (2, 2′-diphenylsilylene), (1,1′-diisopropylsilylene) (2 2'-diisopropylsilylene), (1,1'-tetramethyldisilylene) (2,2'-tetramethyldisilylene), (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-tetramethyldisilylene) And zirconium replaced with hafnium or titanium. Of course, the present invention is not limited to these, and may be replaced with another crosslinking group, or a similar compound of another group or a lanthanoid series metal element.
In the present invention, the transition metal compound of the component (a) may be used alone or in a combination of two or more.
Next, as the activation co-catalyst of the component (b) in the polymerization catalyst used in the present invention, (b-1) an ionic complex which reacts with the transition metal compound of the component (a) or a derivative thereof is used. Examples include at least one selected from a compound that can be formed, (b-2) an oxygen-containing organoaluminum compound, (b-3) a Lewis acid, and (b-4) a clay-based compound.
Here, as the component (b-1), any ionic compound capable of reacting with the transition metal compound of the component (a) or a derivative thereof to form an ionic complex can be used. In particular, the compounds represented by the following general formulas (III) and (IV) can be suitably used in view of the fact that a polymerization active site can be efficiently formed.
([L1-R19]h +)a([Z]−)b ... (III)
([L2]h +)a([Z]−)b ... (IV)
(However, L2Is M1, R20R21M2, R22 3 C or R23M2It is. )
[In the formulas (III) and (IV), L1Is a Lewis base, [Z]−Is a non-coordinating anion [Z1]−Or [Z2]−, Where [Z1]−Is an anion in which a plurality of groups are bonded to an element, ie, [M3G1G2... Gf] (Where M3Represents an element of Groups 5 to 15 of the periodic table, preferably an element of Groups 13 to 15 of the periodic table. G1~ GfIs a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a dialkylamino group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and a 6 to 20 carbon atoms. An aryloxy group, an alkylaryl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, a halogen-substituted hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an organic metalloid group, Or a heteroatom-containing hydrocarbon group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms. G1~ GfTwo or more of them may form a ring. f is [(center metal M3Valence) +1]. ), [Z2]−Represents a conjugate base of a Bronsted acid alone or a combination of a Bronsted acid and a Lewis acid having a logarithm (pKa) of the reciprocal of the acid dissociation constant of −10 or less, or a conjugate base generally defined as a super strong acid. Further, a Lewis base may be coordinated. Also, R19Represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group;20And R21Is a cyclopentadienyl group, a substituted cyclopentadienyl group, an indenyl group or a fluorenyl group,22Represents a 3-alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group, an alkylaryl group or an arylalkyl group. R23Represents a macrocyclic ligand such as tetraphenylporphyrin and phthalocyanine. h is [L1-R19], [L2Is an integer of 1 to 3, a is an integer of 1 or more, and b = (h × a). M1Is a group containing elements from Groups 1 to 3, 11 to 13, and 17 of the periodic table;2Represents an element in Groups 7 to 12 of the periodic table. ]
Where L1Examples of the following are ammonia, methylamine, aniline, dimethylamine, diethylamine, N-methylaniline, diphenylamine, N, N-dimethylaniline, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine, methyldiphenylamine, pyridine and p-bromo. Amines such as -N, N-dimethylaniline and p-nitro-N, N-dimethylaniline; phosphines such as triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine and diphenylphosphine; thioethers such as tetrahydrothiophene; esters such as ethyl benzoate. And nitriles such as acetonitrile and benzonitrile.
R19Specific examples of R include hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, benzyl, and trityl.20, R21Specific examples include a cyclopentadienyl group, a methylcyclopentadienyl group, an ethylcyclopentadienyl group, and a pentamethylcyclopentadienyl group. R22Specific examples of R include a phenyl group, a p-tolyl group, and a p-methoxyphenyl group.23Specific examples thereof include tetraphenylporphine, phthalocyanine, allyl, methallyl and the like. Also, M1Are Li, Na, K, Ag, Cu, Br, I, I3And M2Specific examples include Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn and the like.
Also, [Z1]−, That is, [M3G1G2... Gf], M3Specific examples include B, Al, Si, P, As, Sb and the like, preferably B and Al. G1, G2~ GfSpecific examples include dimethylamino and diethylamino as a dialkylamino group, methoxy, ethoxy, n-butoxy, phenoxy and the like as alkoxy or aryloxy groups, and methyl, ethyl and the like as hydrocarbon groups. n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, n-octyl group, n-eicosyl group, phenyl group, p-tolyl group, benzyl group, 4-t-butylphenyl group, 3,5-dimethyl Phenyl, fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine as a halogen atom, p-fluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, pentachlorophenyl, 3,4,5-trifluorophenyl as a hetero atom-containing hydrocarbon group , Pentafluorophenyl group, 3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl And bis (trimethylsilyl) methyl group, pentamethyl antimony group as organic metalloid group, trimethylsilyl group, trimethylgermyl group, diphenylarsine group, dicyclohexyl antimony group, such as diphenyl boron and the like.
In addition, a non-coordinating anion, that is, a conjugated base of a Bronsted acid having a pKa of -10 or less alone or a combination of a Bronsted acid and a Lewis acid [Z2]−As a specific example of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid anion (CF3SO3)−, Bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) methyl anion, bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) benzyl anion, bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) amide, perchlorate anion (ClO4)−, Trifluoroacetate anion (CF3CO2)−, Hexafluoroantimony anion (SbF6)−, Fluorosulfonate anion (FSO3)−, Chlorosulfonic acid anion (ClSO3)−, Fluorosulfonic acid anion / 5-antimony fluoride (FSO3/ SbF5)−, Fluorosulfonate anion / 5-arsenic fluoride (FSO3/ AsF5)−, Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid / 5-antimony fluoride (CF3SO3/ SbF5)−And the like.
Specific examples of the component compound (b-1) include triethylammonium tetraphenylborate, tri-n-butylammonium tetraphenylborate, trimethylammonium tetraphenylborate, tetraethylammonium tetraphenylborate, and methyl tetraphenylborate (tri-n- Butyl) ammonium, benzyltetraphenylborate (tri-n-butyl) ammonium, dimethyldiphenylammonium tetraphenylborate, triphenyl (methyl) ammonium tetraphenylborate, trimethylanilinium tetraphenylborate, methylpyridinium tetraphenylborate, tetraphenylborate Benzylpyridinium, methyl tetraphenylborate (2-cyanopyridinium), triethylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate Tri-n-butylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetra-n-butylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetraethylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate Benzyl (tri-n-butyl) ammonium, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, methyldiphenylammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, triphenyl (methyl) ammonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate Methylanilinium, dimethylanilinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) Trimethylanilinium acid, methylpyridinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, benzylpyridinium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, methyl (2-cyanopyridinium) tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, benzyl tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate (2 -Cyanopyridinium), methyl tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate (4-cyanopyridinium), triphenylphosphonium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, dimethylanilinium tetrakis [bis (3,5-ditrifluoromethyl) phenyl] borate, Ferrocenium tetraphenylborate, silver tetraphenylborate, trityl tetraphenylborate, tetraphenylporphyrin manganese tetraphenylborate, tetra Ferrocenium kiss (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate (1,1′-dimethylferrocenium), decamethylferrocenium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, silver tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, Trityl tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, lithium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, sodium tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, tetraphenylporphyrin manganese tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl) borate, silver tetrafluoroborate, silver hexafluorophosphate, hexa Silver fluoroarsenate, silver perchlorate, silver trifluoroacetate, silver trifluoromethanesulfonate and the like can be mentioned.
The component (b-1) may be used alone, or two or more kinds may be used in combination.
The oxygen-containing organoaluminum compound as the component (b-2) includes a compound represented by the general formula (V):
(Where R24Represents a hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, or an arylalkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or a halogen atom; w represents an average degree of polymerization; Is an integer of 2 to 40. Note that each R24May be the same or different. Aluminoxane represented by the general formula (VI):
(Where R24And w are the same as those in the general formula (V). Further, n is a positive integer. ) Can be exemplified.
Examples of the method for producing the aluminoxane include a method in which an alkylaluminum is brought into contact with a condensing agent such as water, but the method is not particularly limited, and the reaction may be performed according to a known method. For example, a method of dissolving an organic aluminum compound in an organic solvent and bringing it into contact with water, a method of adding an organic aluminum compound at the beginning during polymerization, and then adding water, a crystal water contained in a metal salt or the like, There are a method of reacting water adsorbed on an inorganic or organic substance with an organoaluminum compound, a method of reacting a trialkylaluminum with a tetraalkyldialuminoxane, and further reacting water. The aluminoxane may be toluene-insoluble. This component (b-2) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Next, the Lewis acid of the component (b-3) is not particularly limited, and may be an organic compound or a solid inorganic compound. As the organic compound, a boron compound, an aluminum compound, or the like is preferably used, and as the inorganic compound, a magnesium compound, an aluminum compound, or the like is preferably used because active points can be efficiently formed. Examples of the aluminum compound include bis (2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenoxy) aluminum methyl and (1,1-bi-2-naphthoxy) aluminum methyl, and examples of the magnesium compound include magnesium chloride, Diethoxymagnesium and the like; aluminum compounds such as aluminum oxide and aluminum chloride; and boron compounds such as triphenylboron, tris (pentafluorophenyl) boron, and tris [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] boron , Tris [(4-fluoromethyl) phenyl] boron, trimethylboron, triethylboron, tri-n-butylboron, tris (fluoromethyl) boron, tris (pentafluoroethyl) boron, tris (nonafluorobutyl) boron, tris (2,4,6 Trifluorophenyl) boron, tris (3,5-difluoro) boron, tris [3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl] boron, bis (pentafluorophenyl) fluoroboron, diphenylfluoroboron, bis (pentafluorophenyl) ) Chloroboron, dimethylfluoroboron, diethylfluoroboron, di-n-butylfluoroboron, pentafluorophenyldifluoroboron, phenyldifluoroboron, pentafluorophenyldichloroboron, methyldifluoroboron, ethyldifluoroboron, n-butyldifluoroboron, etc. Is mentioned.
One of these Lewis acids may be used, or two or more may be used in combination.
Further, as the clay-based compound of the component (b-4), the following (1) clay or clay mineral or (2) an ion-exchange layered compound can be used.
(1) Clay or clay mineral
Clay is an aggregate of fine hydrated silicate minerals, and refers to a substance that produces plasticity when mixed with an appropriate amount of water, exhibits rigidity when dried, and sinters when baked at high temperatures. The clay mineral refers to a hydrated silicate that is a main component of clay. These are not limited to natural products, and may be artificially synthesized.
(2) Ion-exchange layered compound
The ion-exchangeable layered compound is a compound having a crystal structure in which planes formed by ionic bonds and the like are stacked in parallel with a weak binding force to each other, and means a compound whose contained ions are exchangeable. Some clay minerals are ion-exchangeable layered compounds.
For example, an ionic crystalline compound having a layered crystal structure such as a hexagonal close-packing type, an antimony type, a cadmium chloride type, and a cadmium iodide type can be given. The ion-exchange layered compound is not limited to a natural product, but may be an artificially synthesized product.
Specific examples of the component (b-4) include kaolin, bentonite, kibushi clay, gairome clay, allophane, hisingelite, pyrophyllite, talc, plum group, montmorillonite group, vermiculite, ryokudeite group, palygorskite, kaori Knight, nacrite, dickite, halloysite and the like. As the component (b-4), a pore volume having a radius of 2 nm or more measured by a mercury intrusion method is preferably 0.1 ml / g or more, particularly preferably 0.3 to 5 ml / g or more.
Among these, clay or clay mineral is preferable as the component (b-4), and montmorillonite is most preferable.
The component (b-4) may be used after removing impurities or changing its structure and function, and it is also preferable to perform chemical treatment.
Here, the chemical treatment means either a surface treatment for removing impurities adhering to the surface of the component (b-4) or a treatment that affects the crystal structure of the surface and the inside. Specifically, acid treatment, alkali treatment, salt treatment, organic substance treatment and the like can be mentioned.
The acid treatment removes impurities on the surface and increases the surface area by eluting cations such as aluminum, iron and magnesium in the crystal structure. The alkali treatment destroys the crystal structure and causes a change in the structure. In the salt treatment and the organic substance treatment, an ionic complex, a molecular complex, an organic complex, and the like are formed, and the surface area, the interlayer distance, and the like can be changed. By utilizing the ion exchange property and replacing the exchangeable ions between the layers with another bulky ion, it is also possible to obtain an interlayer material in which the layers are expanded.
The component (b-4) may be used as it is, may be newly added water and adsorbed, or may be subjected to heat dehydration.
In the production method of the present invention, it is preferable to use the clay-based compound as the component (b-4) which has been treated with an organoaluminum compound and / or an organosilane compound in the above chemical treatment.
(3) Treatment of a clay compound with an organoaluminum compound and / or an organosilane compound
(A) Treatment of clay-based compounds with organoaluminum compounds
As the organoaluminum compound for treating the clay-based compound as the component (b-4), an alkyl group-containing aluminum compound represented by the following general formula (VII) or a direct aluminum compound represented by the aforementioned general formula (V) A chain aluminoxane or a cyclic aluminoxane represented by the general formula (VI) or an aggregate of the cyclic aluminoxane can be used.
R25 mAl (OR26)nX1 3-mn ... (VII)
(Where R25And R26Represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms;1Represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom. Further, m is 0 <m ≦ 3, preferably 2 or 3, most preferably 3, and n is 0 ≦ n <3, preferably 0 or 1. )
Specifically, trimethyl aluminum, triethyl aluminum, tripropyl aluminum, triisobutyl aluminum, trialkyl aluminum such as tri-t-butyl aluminum, dimethyl aluminum chloride, diethyl aluminum chloride, dimethyl aluminum methoxide, diethyl aluminum methoxide and the like Aluminoxane such as alkylaluminum containing halogen or alkoxy group, methylalumoxane, ethylalumoxane, isobutylalumoxane and the like, among which triisobutylaluminum is particularly preferred.
When the clay compound is treated with an organoaluminum compound, the molar ratio of the transition metal in the component (a) to the hydroxyl group in the clay compound and the aluminum atom in the organoaluminum compound is 1: 0.1 to 100000: 0. It is preferred that the contact be made at a ratio of 1: 0.5 to 10000: 0.5 to 10,000, particularly 1 to 1,000,000.
(B) Treatment of clay compounds with organosilane compounds
Examples of the organosilane compound for treating the clay-based compound (b-4) include, for example, trimethylsilyl chloride, triethylsilyl chloride, triisopropylsilyl chloride, tert-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, tert-butyldiphenylsilyl chloride, and phenethyldimethylsilyl. Trialkylsilyl chlorides such as chloride, dimethylsilyl dichloride, diethylsilyl dichloride, diisopropylsilyl dichloride, bisdiphenethylsilyl dichloride, diphenylsilyl dichloride, dialkylsilyl dichloride such as dimesylsilyl dichloride, ditolylsilyl dichloride, methylsilyl Trichloride, ethylsilyl trichloride, isopropylsilyl trichloride, phenylsilyl trichloride, mesitylsilyl trichloride Alkylsilyl trichlorides such as chloride, tolylsilyl trichloride and phenethylsilyl trichloride, and halides in which the above-mentioned chloride portion is replaced with another halogen element, bis (trimethylsilyl) amide, bis (triethylsilyl) amide, bis ( Disilazanes such as triisopropylsilyl) amide, bis (dimethylethylsilyl) amide, bis (diethylmethylsilyl) amide, bis (dimethylphenylsilyl) amide, bis (dimethyltolylsilyl) amide, and bis (dimethylmesitylsilyl) amide , Polysilanols commonly used as peralkylpolysiloxy polyols, tetraalkylsilanes such as dimethyldiphenylsilane, diethyldiphenylsilane, diisopropyldiphenylsilane, trimethylsilane, Trialkylsilanes such as ethylsilane, triisopropylsilane, tri-t-butylsilane, triphenylsilane, tritolylsilane, trimesitylsilane, methyldiphenylsilane, dinaphthylmethylsilane, bis (diphenyl) methylsilane, and silicon tetrachloride; And inorganic silicon compounds such as silicon tetrabromide. Among these, preferred are disilazanes, and more preferred are trialkylsilane chlorides. One of these may be used, but in some cases, two or more of them may be used in any combination.
When the clay-based compound is treated with an organic silane compound, the molar ratio of the transition metal in the component (a) to the hydroxyl group in the clay-based compound and the silicon atom in the organic silane compound is 1: 0.1 to 100,000: 0. It is preferred that the contact be made at a ratio of 1: 0.5 to 10000: 0.5 to 10,000, particularly 1 to 1,000,000.
In the present invention, at least one of the catalyst components can be used by being supported on a suitable carrier. The type of the carrier is not particularly limited, and any of inorganic oxide carriers, other inorganic carriers and organic carriers can be used.In particular, from the viewpoint of morphology control, inorganic oxide carriers or other inorganic carriers are used. preferable.
In the present invention, as the activating co-catalyst for the component (b), an oxygen-containing organic aluminum compound composed of aluminoxane is particularly suitable.
In the polymerization catalyst of the present invention, as the organoaluminum compound of the component (c) used as necessary, alkyl group-containing aluminum compounds represented by the above general formulas (VII), (V) and (VI), An association of a chain aluminoxane, a cyclic aluminoxane or a cyclic aluminoxane can be mentioned. Preferred are organoaluminum compounds represented by the general formula (VII), and among them, trialkylaluminum is preferred.
As the polymerization catalyst in the present invention, as the component (a), A in the general formula (I) may be used.1And A2Reacting a transition metal compound in which at least one is a divalent group forming a crosslinked structure with a silicon atom as the component (b) with the transition metal compound of the component (a) or a derivative thereof to form an ionic complex. It is preferable that at least one selected from a compound that can be formed, an oxygen-containing organoaluminum compound, a Lewis acid, and a clay-based compound uses trialkylaluminum as the component (c), and particularly, aluminoxane as the component (b) Those using are preferred.
In the present invention, ethylene and a cyclic olefin are copolymerized in the presence of the polymerization catalyst to produce an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer.
In this case, as ethylene, ethylene alone may be used, or a mixture of ethylene and another α-olefin having 3 to 25 carbon atoms such as propylene, butene-1, 4-methylpentene-1 or the like may be used. Examples of the cyclic olefin include monocyclic olefins such as cyclopentene and cyclohexene, polycyclic olefins such as norbornene, and cyclic dienes such as dicyclopentadienyl.
These cyclic olefins may be used alone or in a combination of two or more. Among them, particularly preferred are those represented by the general formula (II)
(Where R5~ R16Is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituent containing a halogen atom, an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, n is an integer of 0 or more,ThirteenOr R14And RFifteenOr R16May be bonded to each other to form a ring;5~ R16They may be the same or different. )
And norbornene or a derivative thereof is particularly preferable.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms in the general formula (II) include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, and a hexyl group. C1 to C20 alkyl, phenyl, tolyl, benzyl and other C6 to C20 aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, methylidene, ethylidene and propylidene; And an alkenyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as an alkylidene group, a vinyl group and an allyl group having 20 to 20 carbon atoms. Note that R7, R8, R11~ R16Is an alkylidene group, the carbon atom to which it is attached has no other substituents.
Examples of the substituent containing a halogen atom include halogen groups such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine, and halogen-substituted alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as chloromethyl group, bromomethyl group and chloroethyl group. Can be.
Examples of the substituent containing an oxygen atom include C1-C20 alkoxy groups such as methoxy group, ethoxy group, propoxy group and phenoxy group, and C1-C20 alkoxycarbonyl groups such as methoxycarbonyl group and ethoxycarbonyl group. And the like.
Examples of the substituent containing a nitrogen atom include an alkylamino group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms such as a dimethylamino group and a diethylamino group, and a cyano group.
Examples of the cyclic olefin represented by the general formula (II) include norbornene, 5-methylnorbornene, 5-ethylnorbornene, 5-propylnorbornene, 5,6-dimethylnorbornene, 1-methylnorbornene, 7-methylnorbornene, , 5,6-Trimethylnorbornene, 5-phenylnorbornene, 5-benzylnorbornene, 5-ethylidenenorbornene, 5-vinylnorbornene, 1,4,5,8-dimetano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5 8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-methyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-ethyl-1,4 5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2,3-dimethyl-1, 5,5, -Dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-hexyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a , 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-ethylidene-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-fluoro-1 , 4,5,8-Dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 1,5-dimethyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3 , 4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-cyclohexyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2 , 3-Dichloro-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8 8a-octahydronaphthalene, 2-isobutyl-1,4,5,8-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a, 5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalene, 1,2-dihydrocyclopentadiene, 5 -Chloronorbornene, 5,5-dichloronorbornene, 5-fluoronorbornene, 5,5,6-trifluoro-6-trifluoromethylnorbornene, 5-chloromethylnorbornene, 5-methoxynorbornene, 5,6-dicarboxylic norbornene Examples thereof include unhydrate, 5-dimethylaminonorbornene, and 5-cyanonorbornene.
Although there is no particular limitation on the polymerization method in the present invention, known methods such as slurry polymerization, gas phase polymerization, high pressure polymerization, and solution polymerization can be used, and these polymerization methods can be used alone or in a multi-stage polymerization or a combination of a plurality of methods. Etc. can also be used. Among them, solution polymerization is preferred.
The polymerization temperature is not particularly limited, but is usually 20 to 250 ° C, preferably 40 to 220 ° C, and more preferably 60 to 190 ° C. Further, the polymerization pressure is not particularly limited, but is preferably from 0.05 to 10 MPa, more preferably from 0.1 to 7 MPa. The polymerization time is not particularly limited, but is usually 1 to 180 minutes.
The amount of the catalyst used is 0.001 to 1000 μmol / L, preferably 0.01 to 100 μmol / L, particularly preferably 0.02 to 50 μmol / L in terms of transition metal of the component (a). . If the amount used is too large, it becomes difficult to remove the heat of the polymerization. On the other hand, if the amount is too small, sufficient activity is not exhibited.
When the component (b-1) is used, the amount of the activating cocatalyst to be used is generally 0.1 to 10 times (molar ratio), preferably 0.3 to 5 times, particularly preferably 0.3 to 5 times the transition metal. Preferably, the amount is 0.5 to 3 times. When the component (b-2) is used, the amount is usually 1 to 10000 times (molar ratio), preferably 5 to 5000 times the amount of the transition metal. When the component (b-3) is used, it is usually 0.1 to 10 times (molar ratio), preferably 0.3 to 5 times, particularly preferably 0.5 to 3 times the amount of the transition metal. It is. When the component (b-4) is used, the amount is usually 0.0001 to 100 g, preferably 0.005 to 50 g, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 10 g, per mol of the transition metal. When the chemically treated (b-4) is used, the amount is usually 0.0001 to 100 g, preferably 0.005 to 50 g, and particularly preferably 0.001 to 10 g, per mol of the transition metal. In the case of using any of the cocatalysts, if the amount used is too large, there are problems such as an increase in cost and an increase in the residual amount in the copolymer, resulting in a decrease in polymer physical properties. Conversely, if the amount is too small, sufficient catalytic activity cannot be obtained, resulting in high cost and deterioration of polymer properties.
When the organoaluminum compound as the component (c) is used, the amount is usually 1 to 10000 times (molar ratio), preferably 5 to 1000 times, particularly preferably 10 to 500 times the amount of the transition metal.
Methods for adjusting the molecular weight of the copolymer include selection of the type and amount of each catalyst component used, the polymerization temperature, and polymerization in the presence of hydrogen.
When a polymerization solvent is used, for example, aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene, alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane, and aliphatic hydrocarbons such as pentane, hexane, heptane and octane And halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane. These solvents may be used alone or in a combination of two or more. However, in the present invention, it is advantageous to use a non-aromatic solvent. Further, a monomer such as a cyclic olefin or an α-olefin may be used as the solvent. In addition, depending on the polymerization method, it can be carried out without a solvent.
In the present invention, preliminary polymerization can be performed using the polymerization catalyst. The prepolymerization can be carried out by bringing a small amount of olefin into contact with the catalyst component, but the method is not particularly limited, and a known method can be used. The olefin used for the prepolymerization is not particularly limited, and may be the same as those exemplified above, for example, ethylene, an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyclic olefin, or a mixture thereof. It is advantageous to use the same olefin used in the polymerization.
The pre-polymerization temperature is usually -20 to 200C, preferably -10 to 130C, more preferably 0 to 80C. In the prepolymerization, an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon, a monomer, or the like can be used as a solvent. Of these, aliphatic hydrocarbons are particularly preferred. Further, the prepolymerization may be performed without a solvent.
In the prepolymerization, the intrinsic viscosity [η] (measured in decalin at 135 ° C.) of the prepolymerized product is 0.2 deciliter / g or more, especially 0.5 deciliter / g or more, and per 1 mmol of transition metal component in the catalyst. It is desirable to adjust the conditions so that the amount of the prepolymerized product is from 1 to 10,000 g, especially from 10 to 1000 g.
The ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer can be efficiently obtained by the above production method.
In the above-mentioned copolymerization method (including pre-polymerization), a straight-chain alkyl group, a branched alkyl group, a halogen, an alkoxy group or the like may be used for the purpose of removing a catalyst poisoning substance in the system or alkylating a complex as necessary. The reaction can also be performed after treating the inside of the reactor or the catalyst in advance using an organoaluminum compound having a substituent selected from the groups. In this case, the amount of the organoaluminum compound to be used is generally 0.001 to 10000 mol, preferably 0.01 to 5000 mol, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5000 mol, per 1 mol of the transition metal.
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
(1) Synthesis of (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride
1.5 g of sodium cyclopentyl and 10 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) were introduced into 100 ml of Schlenk under a nitrogen stream. Thereafter, 1.8 ml of cyclopentadienyl bromide was slowly added at −78 ° C. with stirring, and left at room temperature for 2 hours. After completion of the reaction, 50 ml of water was added, extracted with 100 ml of diethyl ether, the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain cyclopentylcyclopentadiene.
Next, 2.4 g of cyclopentylcyclopentadiene, 15 ml of methanol, and 1.5 ml of cyclopentanone were charged into 100 ml of Schlenk under a nitrogen stream. Thereafter, 1.4 ml of pyrrolidine was slowly added thereto with stirring at 0 ° C., and the mixture was allowed to stand at room temperature for 1.5 hours. After completion of the reaction, 50 ml of water was added, extracted with 100 ml of hexane, the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain an oily product. 20 ml of anhydrous THF and 0.2 g of lithium aluminum hydride were charged into a 100 ml three-necked flask equipped with a Dimroth tube and a dropping funnel, and a solution obtained by dissolving the oily product obtained above in 10 ml of THF was ice-cooled under a nitrogen atmosphere. It was dropped. After completion of the dropwise addition, 20 ml of water was added under cooling with ice, and the mixture was extracted with 50 ml of diethyl ether. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the oily product obtained by distilling off the solvent under reduced pressure was purified by a silica gel column using hexane as a solvent, to give 1,3-dicyclopentylcyclopentadiene. Obtained.
Next, 1.1 g (5.44 mmol) of 1,3-dicyclopentylcyclopentadiene and 10 ml of anhydrous hexane were charged into 100 ml of Schlenk under a nitrogen stream. 3.5 ml (5.46 mmol) of a normal butyllithium solution having a concentration of 1.56 mol / l was added dropwise to the solution while stirring at −78 ° C. under a nitrogen stream, and the solution was left at room temperature for 6 hours. The hexane was filtered off using a cannula to separate the generated white precipitate from hexane. Into the remaining white precipitate, 5 ml of anhydrous THF was added, and 0.66 ml of dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise at -78 ° C. After leaving at room temperature for 30 minutes, 3 ml of anhydrous tetrahydrofuran (THF) solution containing 0.48 g of sodium cyclopentadienyl was added dropwise at room temperature. One hour later, 20 ml of water was added, and the mixture was extracted with 50 ml of diethyl ether. The organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain 0.79 g of (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylsilane.
This was dissolved in 20 ml of ether, and 3.1 ml of a hexane solution of normal butyl lithium (1.56 mol / l) was added dropwise at 0 ° C., followed by stirring overnight. The resulting precipitate was separated by filtration and dried to obtain a dilithium salt. This dilithium salt was dissolved in 20 ml of THF, 0.29 ml of dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. After distilling off the solvent, the residue was extracted with 30 ml of n-hexane to give 0.64 g of 1,3-dichopentyl-4,4,8,8-tetramethyltetrahydro-4,8-disila-s-indacene. Got.
Under nitrogen flow, 0.26 g of the obtained ligand, 10 ml of anhydrous hexane and 1 ml of anhydrous diethyl ether were added to 100 ml of Schlenk, and 1.56 mol / l normal butyl was stirred at -78 ° C while stirring. 0.9 ml of a lithium solution was added dropwise and left at room temperature for 6 hours. The hexane was filtered off using a cannula to separate the generated white precipitate from hexane. Under a nitrogen stream, 5 ml of anhydrous toluene was added to the remaining white precipitate, and 5 ml of a toluene suspension of 0.16 g of zirconium tetrachloride was added dropwise at -78 ° C. After completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, and toluene was distilled off under reduced pressure. 10 ml of anhydrous hexane was added to the residue, and the mixture was filtered through a cannula. The obtained hexane solution was concentrated and recrystallized to obtain a target complex having the following structure.
1H-NMR (δppm / CDCl3); 6.82 (d, 2H), 6.50 (t, 1H), 6.31 (s, 1H), 2.90 (m, 2H), 2.30-1.10 (m, 16H) , 0.90 (s, 6H), 0.62 (s, 6H)
(2) Copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene
In a 1 liter autoclave, 380 ml of dry heptane, 57 mmol of 2-norbornene (30 mass% heptane solution), 2.0 mmol of methylaluminoxane (MAO) manufactured by Albemarle Co., Ltd., prepared by the above (1) (1,1′-dimethyl) 0.5 micromol of silylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride was charged. Thereafter, after filling with 10 kPa of hydrogen, ethylene was continuously supplied so that the ethylene partial pressure became 0.7 MPa. At the same time, the temperature was raised to 80 ° C. After the ethylene pressure reached 0.7 MPa and copolymerization was performed for 15 minutes, the polymerization was stopped by adding methanol. The polymer was transferred to an excess of methanol, separated by filtration, and dried under reduced pressure at 90 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain 12 g of a copolymer. Activity per transition metal,1The 2-norbornene unit content determined by 1 H-NMR was 1055 kg / gZr and 8.4 mol%, respectively. Table 1 shows the intrinsic viscosity [η], weight average molecular weight (Mw), molecular weight distribution (Mw / Mn) and the like of this copolymer.
Examples 2 and 3
A copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymerization conditions were changed as shown in Table 1. The results are shown in Table 1.
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1 (2), (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride 0.5 Polymerization was carried out in the same manner except that 0.5 micromol of biscyclopentadienyl zirconium dichloride was used instead of micromol. As a result, the activity per transition metal,1The 2-norbornene unit content determined by 1 H-NMR was 500 kg / gZr and 3 mol%, respectively. Table 1 also shows other results.
As an index of molecular weight uniformity, measurement of Mw / Mn by GPC is widely used. From the results in Table 1 it can be seen that the copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention has a small value of Mw / Mn, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and is uniform. For this reason, molded articles produced using the copolymer of the present invention are expected to exhibit good mechanical properties and optical properties (eg, transparency).
Example 4
(1) Synthesis of (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride
3,5-Dimethylcyclopentadienyl lithium prepared by 2.1 g of 3,5-dimethylcyclopentadiene and 27.7 ml of a hexane solution of n-BuLi (1.59 mol / l) was dissolved in 30 ml of THF. To the solution at 0 ° C. was added 2.7 ml of dichlorodimethylsilane. After stirring at room temperature for 8 hours, THF was distilled off, and the residue was extracted with 60 ml of n-hexane. The solvent of the extract was distilled off to obtain 4.1 g of (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) dimethylchlorosilane as a yellow oil.
Sodium cyclopentadienide was prepared from 1.5 g (22.0 mmol) of cyclopentadiene and 0.51 g (22.0 mmol) of sodium in 30 ml of THF, and (3,5-dimethylcyclopentane) synthesized above was added thereto. 4.1 g of (dienyl) dimethylchlorosilane was added dropwise and stirred at room temperature overnight. After distilling off the solvent and extracting the residue with 60 ml of n-hexane, n-hexane was distilled off to obtain 2.62 g of (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylsilane. (12.1 mmol) were obtained. To a solution of this in 30 ml of ether was added dropwise 15.2 ml of a hexane solution of n-BuLi (1.59 mol / l) at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred overnight. The resulting tan precipitate was filtered off and dried to obtain a dilithium salt.
This dilithium salt was dissolved in THF (20 ml), dichlorodimethylsilane (1.5 ml) was added dropwise at 0 ° C., and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. After distilling off the solvent, the residue was extracted with 40 ml of n-hexane to give 2.46 g of 1,3,4,4,8,8-hexamethyltetrahydro-4,8-disila-s-indacene (9.0 g). Mmol).
This was dissolved in 30 ml of ether, 11.3 ml of n-BuLi n-hexane solution (1.59 mol / l) was added dropwise at -78 ° C, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight to convert the dilithium salt into a white solid. As obtained. The dilithium salt was suspended in 20 ml of toluene, and 1.8 g (7.7 mmol) of zirconium tetrachloride suspended in 10 ml of toluene was added to this suspension at room temperature. After stirring overnight at room temperature, the resulting brown solution was separated and concentrated to obtain the desired (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3 1.6 g of (, 5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride was obtained as a white solid.1H-NMR measurement results are as follows.
1H-NMR (δ ppm / 90 MHz, CDCl3); 0.57, 0.86 (s, -SiMe2-, 12H), 2.19 (s, -Me, 6H) 5.99 (s, CH, 1H), 6.53 (t, CH, 1H), 6.85 (d, CH, 2H)
(2) Copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene
In Example 1 (2), instead of (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride Table 2 shows the polymerization conditions using (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dimethylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride. A copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (2), except that the copolymer was changed as described above. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the copolymer.
Example 5
(1) Synthesis of (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride
200 ml of methanol was added to 36.6 g (338.4 mmol) of isopropylcyclopentadiene and 27.3 ml of acetone. To this, 36 mL of pyrrolidine was added dropwise at room temperature to synthesize 36.8 g of 3-isopropyl-6,6-dimethylfulvene. 200 ml of ether was added to 9.4 g of lithium aluminum hydride, and a solution of 35.3 g (237.8 mmol) of 3-isopropyl-6,6-dimethylfulvene in 50 ml of ether was added dropwise under ice cooling. After the completion of the dropwise addition, the mixture was further stirred for 1 hour to perform hydrolysis. After liquid separation, the solvent of the organic phase was distilled off to obtain 27.6 g (183.5 mmol) of 1,3-diisopropylcyclopentadiene.
To 9.6 g (63.4 mmol) of the obtained 1,3-diisopropylcyclopentadiene, 75 mL of toluene and 60 mL of n-hexane were added, and a hexane solution of n-BuLi (1.55 mol / L) 45 was added at 0 ° C. Milliliter was added dropwise. This was stirred overnight at room temperature, and the resulting precipitate was separated by filtration to obtain 1,3-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl lithium. To this 1,3-diisopropylcyclopentadienyllithium was added 50 mL of THF, 10.8 mL (89 mmol) of dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred overnight. After the solvent was distilled off, the residue was extracted with 40 ml of n-hexane to obtain 14.4 g (59 mmol) of 2,4-diisopropylcyclopentadienyldimethylchlorosilane.
10.7 g (44.1 mol) of the obtained 2,4-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl dimethylchlorosilane was dissolved in 70 ml of THF, and 3.9 g (44.1 mol) of sodium cyclopentadienide was added at room temperature. did. After stirring for 3 hours, THF was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was extracted with 40 ml of n-hexane. The solvent was distilled off to obtain (2,4-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylsilane as a yellow oil. To 2.19 g (8.0 mmol) of the obtained (2,4-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) (cyclopentadienyl) dimethylsilane was added 30 ml of ether, and a hexane solution of n-BuLi (1.55 g) was added. (Mol / liter) 10.3 ml was added dropwise at 0 ° C. and stirred at room temperature overnight. After the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, the resulting white solid was washed with 20 ml of n-hexane to obtain a dilithium salt. This dilithium salt was dissolved in 20 ml of THF, 1.0 ml of dichlorodimethylsilane was added dropwise at room temperature, and the mixture was stirred for 5 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was extracted with 20 ml of n-hexane to give 1,3-diisopropyl-4,4,8,8-tetramethyltetrahydro-4,8-disila-s-indacene 2 .39 g (7.27 mol) were obtained.
This was dissolved in 20 ml of ether, 9.4 ml of an n-BuLi n-hexane solution (1.55 mol / l) was added dropwise at -78 ° C, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight. The generated precipitate was separated by filtration, and the obtained white solid was dried under reduced pressure to obtain a dilithium salt. This dilithium salt was suspended in 15 ml of toluene, and 1.7 g (7.27 mmol) of zirconium tetrachloride, which had been suspended in 10 ml of toluene, was added dropwise to this suspension at room temperature. Stirred. The resulting precipitate is separated by filtration, and the filtrate is concentrated to about 1/5 to obtain the desired (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl). 1.5 g of (3,5-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride was obtained as a white solid.1H-NMR measurement results are as follows.
1H-NMR (δ ppm / 90 MHz, CDCl3); 0.62, 0.88 (s, -SiMe2-, 12H), 1.05, 1.32 (d, -Me, 12H), 2.80 (septet, CH, 2H), 6.33 (s, CH, 1H), 6.53 (t, CH , 1H), 6.84 (d, CH, 2H)
(2) Copolymerization of ethylene and norbornene
In Example 1 (2), instead of (1,1′-dimethylsilylene) (2,2′-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-dicyclopentylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride Table 2 shows the polymerization conditions using (1,1'-dimethylsilylene) (2,2'-dimethylsilylene)-(cyclopentadienyl) (3,5-diisopropylcyclopentadienyl) zirconium dichloride. A copolymer was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (2), except that the copolymer was changed as described above. Table 2 shows the measurement results of the copolymer.
As an index of the amount of the polyethylene component, that is, the amount of the crystalline component in which the cyclic olefin content in the copolymer is extremely small, there is a high melting point component measured by DSC (differential scanning calorimetry). As shown in Table 2-2, the copolymer obtained by the production method of the present invention has no high melting point component of 110 ° C. or higher in DSC measurement. This indicates that the composition of the copolymer is uniform. For this reason, molded articles produced using the copolymer of the present invention are expected to exhibit good mechanical properties and optical properties (eg, transparency).
[note]
1) Using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC-7, manufactured by Perkin-Elmer), 10 mg of a sample was heated to 190 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then cooled to −10 ° C. at a rate of 5 ° C./min. After holding for 1 minute and then raising the temperature to 190 ° C. at a rate of 10 ° C./min, the peak top of the maximum peak of the melting endothermic curve is the melting point: Tm, and the melting endotherm in this case is ΔH. is there.
Industrial applicability
According to the present invention, using an inexpensive high-activity polymerization catalyst, in a non-aromatic solvent, without lowering the molecular weight, having a uniform composition, a narrow molecular weight distribution, and a high molecular weight ethylene-cyclic olefin The copolymer can be produced efficiently.
Claims (6)
〔式中、Mは周期律表第3〜10族又はランタノイド系列の金属元素、R1及びR3は、それぞれ独立にハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基又はリン含有基を示し、R2及びR4は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜20のハロゲン含有炭化水素基、珪素含有基、酸素含有基、イオウ含有基、窒素含有基又はリン含有基を示す。なお、R1とR2及びR2とR3は、たがいに結合して環を形成してもよい。A1及びA2は、二つのシクロペンタジエニル基と結合して架橋構造を形成する二価の基を示し、それらはたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。Xはσ結合性の配位子を示し、Xが複数ある場合、複数のXは同一でも異なっていてもよく、他のXあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はYと架橋していてもよい。Yはルイス塩基を示し、Yが複数ある場合、複数のYは同一でも異なっていてもよく、他のYあるいはシクロペンタジエニル基又はXと架橋していてもよい。qは1〜5の整数で、〔(Mの原子価)−2〕を示し、rは0〜3の整数を示す。〕
で表される遷移金属化合物及び(b)活性化助触媒を含む重合用触媒の存在下、エチレンと環状オレフィンを共重合させることを特徴とするエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。(A) General formula (I)
[Wherein, M is a metal element of Groups 3 to 10 of the periodic table or a lanthanoid series, R 1 and R 3 are each independently a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, A halogen-containing hydrocarbon group, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group or a phosphorus-containing group, and R 2 and R 4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, A hydrocarbon group, a halogen-containing hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a silicon-containing group, an oxygen-containing group, a sulfur-containing group, a nitrogen-containing group, or a phosphorus-containing group. Note that R 1 and R 2 and R 2 and R 3 may be bonded to each other to form a ring. A 1 and A 2 each represent a divalent group which forms a crosslinked structure by bonding to two cyclopentadienyl groups, which may be the same or different. X represents a σ-binding ligand, and when there are a plurality of Xs, the plurality of Xs may be the same or different, and may be cross-linked to another X or a cyclopentadienyl group or Y. Y represents a Lewis base, and when there are a plurality of Ys, the plurality of Ys may be the same or different, and may be crosslinked with another Y or a cyclopentadienyl group or X. q represents an integer of 1 to 5 and represents ((valency of M) -2), and r represents an integer of 0 to 3. ]
A method for producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer, characterized in that ethylene and a cyclic olefin are copolymerized in the presence of a polymerization catalyst containing the transition metal compound represented by the formula (b) and an activation cocatalyst.
(式中、R5〜R16は、それぞれ水素原子、炭素数1〜20の炭化水素基又はハロゲン原子、酸素原子若しくは窒素原子を含む置換基、nは0以上の整数を示し、R13又はR14とR15又はR16とはたがいに結合して環を形成していてもよく、また、R5〜R16はたがいに同一でも異なっていてもよい。)
で表される構造を有するものである請求の範囲第1項に記載のエチレン−環状オレフィン共重合体の製造方法。When the cyclic olefin has the general formula (II)
(Wherein, R 5 to R 16 each represent a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituent containing a halogen atom, an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom, n represents an integer of 0 or more, and R 13 or R 14 and R 15 or R 16 may be bonded to each other to form a ring, and R 5 to R 16 may be the same or different.
The method for producing an ethylene-cyclic olefin copolymer according to claim 1, which has a structure represented by the following formula:
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JP4731067B2 (en) * | 2001-08-29 | 2011-07-20 | 出光興産株式会社 | α-olefin-cyclic olefin copolymer and process for producing the same |
CN110741021B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2022-06-28 | 埃克森美孚化学专利公司 | Linear ethylene cycloolefin polymers |
US10730978B2 (en) | 2017-04-10 | 2020-08-04 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Linear ethylene cyclic olefin polymers |
WO2018191010A1 (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2018-10-18 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Linear ethylene cyclic olenfin polymers |
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JPH07102013A (en) * | 1993-09-30 | 1995-04-18 | Idemitsu Kosan Co Ltd | Production of ethylene polymer |
JPH07505418A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1995-06-15 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Catalyst system for the polymerization of C2-C10-alk-1-enes |
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JP2001226497A (en) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-08-21 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | Stretched film |
JP2001253922A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-18 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | Extruded molding |
JP2001253913A (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-18 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | Rolled compacted body |
JP2001288207A (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2001-10-16 | Idemitsu Petrochem Co Ltd | PRODUCTION METHOD OF alpha-OLEFIN-AROMATIC VINYLS COPOLYMER |
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JPH07505418A (en) * | 1992-04-03 | 1995-06-15 | ビーエーエスエフ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト | Catalyst system for the polymerization of C2-C10-alk-1-enes |
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