JPS641089B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a vehicle speed control device for a combine harvester, in which a threshing device is operatively connected to an engine, and a traveling device is operatively connected to the engine via a traveling transmission.

In combines, vehicle speed is controlled to effectively use engine power while avoiding overloading the threshing device.

Conventional vehicle speed control is based on the drive torque of the handling drum of a threshing device (hereinafter referred to as handling drum torque), as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-87779 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 53-92221. The target vehicle speed is set in advance in a predetermined relationship such that the vehicle speed decreases as the handling cylinder torque increases, and the vehicle speed is changed so as to maintain the target vehicle speed corresponding to the detected handling cylinder torque.

This conventional vehicle speed control has the following points: The engine power is mainly consumed to drive the threshing device and the traveling device, and the higher the vehicle speed, the more engine power is consumed to drive the traveling device. As the amount of grain culm supplied to the threshing device increases, handling trunk torque increases. By setting the handling trunk torque and target vehicle speed in a predetermined relationship as described above, it is possible to maintain an appropriate vehicle speed regardless of changes in grain culm conditions. It has been made possible.

In other words, the vehicle speed and handling torque are such that the engine power can be used effectively when grain culms are under a light load, such as when the grain is dry, while the engine power can be used effectively when the grain culm is under a heavy load, such as when it is wet. Compared to the vehicle speed and the handling trunk torque, the vehicle speed is high and the handling trunk torque is small. Considering this, by performing vehicle speed control while setting the target vehicle speed for the handling trunk torque in advance as described above. , while avoiding overloading the threshing equipment.
This allows the engine power to be used effectively.

Conventional vehicle speed control detects only the handling torso torque and simply changes the speed to the target vehicle speed corresponding to the detected handling torsion torque, which reduces the fluctuation in the driving load of the traveling device (hereinafter abbreviated as traveling load). Due to this, there is a risk of overloading the engine and possibly stalling, and improvements have been desired.

That is, the running load varies not only depending on the vehicle speed but also on ground conditions. In other words, in a wet field, the driving load on the traveling device increases compared to a standard farm field.

In conventional vehicle speed control, the relationship between handling trunk torque and target vehicle speed is set for standard fields, which results in overloading the engine in wet fields. In addition, when working in wet fields, if the engine speed decreases due to the running load as the vehicle travels through extremely wet fields that exist locally, the amount of grain culm supplied to the threshing device will decrease as the vehicle speed decreases. Handling cylinder torque also decreases. As a result, unnecessary speed increases are performed, which further increases the load on the engine and, in some cases, causes the engine to stall.

By the way, in conventional vehicle speed control, if the relationship between handling trunk torque and target vehicle speed is set based on a field where a large running load acts, the above-mentioned troubles can be avoided; The engine power could not be used effectively during standard field work, making it difficult to put it into practical use.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent overloading the engine while avoiding overloading the engine in both standard fields and fields with heavy running loads. The purpose is to enable work to be done using power effectively.

The features of the vehicle speed control device for a combine harvester according to the present invention are as follows: (a) the threshing device is interlocked with the engine, (b) the traveling device is interlocked with the engine via a traveling transmission, and (c) the vehicle speed is controlled. (d) speed detection means for detecting the rotational speed of the engine; and (e) torque detection means for detecting the driving torque of the handling cylinder of the threshing device. ), (d), and (e), the following three conditions are met: the vehicle speed is essentially zero, the engine speed is above the specified value, and the handling cylinder torque is below the set value. No-load state determining means is provided for determining a satisfied no-load state; A rotation speed setting means is provided, and (h) vehicle speed correction for determining the amount of vehicle speed correction based on the information on the reference rotation speed and the set reference torque, as well as the detected information in (d) and (e) above. (i) a shift operating means for operating the driving transmission to change the vehicle speed by a set correction amount based on the discrimination information of the vehicle speed correction amount judgment means; In detail, the correction amount determining means includes the following steps: a○ Classifies the fluctuation range of the engine rotation speed into a plurality of rotation speed ranks based on the reference rotation speed, and b○ Classifies the range of engine rotation speed fluctuation with the reference torque as a reference. When the rotation speed of the appropriate rotation speed rank is detected, and the torque of the appropriate torque rank is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, and The rotation speed is detected to be one step lower than the rotation speed rank, and the rotation speed is one step lower than the appropriate torque rank.
When the torque of the torque rank on the lower side is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, and the rotation speed of the rotation speed rank that is one step higher than the proper rotation speed rank is detected, and the proper torque rank is set. than 1
When the torque of the higher torque rank is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, the rotation speed of the proper rotation speed rank is detected, and the torque of the torque rank lower than the proper torque rank is detected. When it is done,
Set the amount of correction on the side of vehicle speed increase, ′ The rotation speed of the rotation speed rank on the higher side than the appropriate rotation speed rank is detected,
In addition, when the appropriate torque rank and the torque of the lower torque rank are detected, the correction amount for increasing the vehicle speed is set, and the detected rotational speed and torque are adjusted to the above), )', )'' and ), )', the point is to set the amount of correction on the side of vehicle speed reduction.

The effect of the above characteristic configuration will be explained based on FIG. 5.

That is, when the no-load condition is determined by the no-load condition determining means 100 before starting work, the engine rotation speed N at that time is stored as the reference rotation speed n ₀ by the reference rotation speed setting means 101. be done.

Furthermore, by setting the standard engine rotational speed n ₀ under no-load conditions, even if the engine rotational speed is changed due to harvesting conditions, an appropriate standard rotational speed n ₀ can be set regardless of the change. Become something.

Next, the vehicle speed correction amount determining means 102 receives information about the reference rotational speed n ₀ and the set reference torque t ₀ ,
Furthermore, the vehicle speed correction amount ΔV ₀ is determined based on the information from the torque detection means 30b that detects the driving torque T of the handling cylinder and the information from the speed detection means 30a that detects the rotational speed N of the engine.

Then, the speed operating means 103 operates the driving transmission 27 to change the speed based on the vehicle speed correction amount ΔV ₀ determined as described above.

Based on the above-mentioned operation, the vehicle speed correction amount determining means 102 specifically determines the vehicle speed correction amount ΔV ₀ as follows.

That is, _the fluctuation range of the engine rotational speed is divided into a plurality of rotational speed ranks A ₁ , A _{2 .} The torque ranks are divided into multiple stages of torque ranks B ₁ , B ₂ , etc. based on this. Then, it is determined to which rotation speed rank A ₁ , A ₂ . . . the detected rotation speed N corresponds, and to which torque rank B ₁ , B ₂ . . . the detected torque T corresponds.
Determine whether it corresponds to ... and set the vehicle speed correction amount.

That is, in the following cases, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero.

The rotational speed N of the appropriate rotational speed rank A ₂ is detected, and the torque T of the appropriate torque rank B ₂ is detected.
is detected.

' The rotation speed N of rotation speed rank A ₃ , which is one step lower than the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ , is detected, and the rotation speed N is one step lower than the appropriate torque rank B ₂ .
When torque T of torque rank B ₁ on the lower side of the stage is detected.

In this case, the load on the engine is a bit overloaded, but the load on the handling cylinder is a bit light.

″ The rotation speed of rotation speed rank A ₁ , which is one step higher than the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ , is detected, and the torque T of torque rank B ₃ , which is one step higher than the appropriate torque rank B ₂ , is detected. If

In this case, the load on the engine is slightly light, but the load on the handling cylinder is slightly overloaded.

Incidentally, in addition to the above case), also in cases )' and )'', by setting the vehicle speed correction amount to zero, the control dead band is widened and the control is stabilized.

Furthermore, in the following cases, the amount of correction on the side of increasing vehicle speed is set.

When the rotational speed N of the appropriate rotational speed rank _A2 is detected, and the torque T of the torque rank _B1 , which is lower than the appropriate torque rank _B2 , is detected. In this case, the speed is increased when the load on the handling torso is light, considering that even if the load on an engine with an appropriate rotational speed rank A ₂ increases, it will not immediately stall. .

' When a rotational speed N higher than the appropriate rotational speed rank A ₂ is detected, and the torque T of the appropriate torque rank B ₂ and the torque rank B ₁ lower than that is detected. In this case, the load on the engine is light and the load on the handling drum is appropriate or light, and the engine has plenty of room and the load on the handling drum (threshing device) is light. The speed is increased in consideration of the fact that even if the speed increases, it will not immediately result in overload, or that the handling cylinder (threshing device) has sufficient processing capacity.

Furthermore, the detected rotational speed N and torque T are
When the conditions above), )', )'' and ), )' are not met, it is determined that the engine and the threshing device are overloaded, and a correction amount to reduce the vehicle speed is set.

As described above, while detecting both the engine load condition and the threshing device load condition, it is possible to suppress both the engine load and the threshing device load from becoming overloaded, and also to control the engine power and the threshing device load. Vehicle speed control will be performed to effectively utilize the processing capacity of the vehicle.

Therefore, the effects of the present invention are as follows.

To perform efficient harvesting work by effectively utilizing the processing capacity of the threshing device and the power of the engine while avoiding overloading the threshing device or the engine.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall side view schematically showing a combine harvester, in which a threshing device 3, an engine 4, a pilot seat 5, and a pilot tower 6 are mounted and connected to a machine platform 2 equipped with a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices 1, 1. At the same time, a raising device 7 that raises the multi-row planted grain culm to a standing position for reaping.
..., a reaping device 8, a conveying device 9 for merging the harvested grain culms, a conveying device 11 for conveying the merged grain culms rearward and upward and delivering them to the feed chain 10 provided along the threshing device 3 in a sideways posture, etc. A reaping pre-processing section 12 equipped with a reaping pre-processing section 12 is connected to the front part of the machine stand 2 so as to be able to swing up and down about a fulcrum P.

The threshing device 3 uses a feed chain 10 to clamp the stock part of the grain culm, and the granulation part inserted into the handling chamber 13 is struck by the blade 15 of the rotary handling cylinder 14 to perform threshing processing, and to remove the grain. The materials are oscillatedly sorted by the oscillating sorting sheep 17 in the lower sorting room 16 and are also air-sorted by the wind from the blower 18, and the selected first product (grain) is transferred to the first screw conveyor 19 by the device. The structure is such that the second product (mixture of grain and straw waste) is transported outside and collected, and the second product (mixed grain and straw waste) is reprocessed by returning to the handling room 13 using the second screw conveyor 20 and thrower 21. There is. Further, the waste straw after threshing is further transported rearward by a transport device 22 following the feed chain 10, and then shredded by a cutter 23 and discharged onto the ground.

The power from the engine 4 is branched into two systems, and one branched power is transmitted via a threshing clutch 24 to the threshing device 3, the feed chain 10 attached thereto, the waste straw conveying device 22, and the cutter 23. Other branched power sources include a variable displacement hydraulic pump 25 and a fixed displacement hydraulic motor 26, which are capable of switching between forward and reverse directions of pressurized oil discharge and continuously changing the amount of discharged oil.
Hydraulic continuously variable transmission (H, S, T) 2 consisting of
A part of the speed change rotation output from the transmission 27 is input to the transmission case 28 of the crawler traveling device 1, 1, and another part of the output is input to each of the reaping pre-processing units 12. The information is transmitted to the device.

The transmission device 27 can be operated to change speed manually using a speed change lever 29, and can also be controlled to change speed automatically according to the threshing work load. Next, automatic vehicle speed control will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 2, the input section of the handling cylinder 14 includes speed detection means 30a for detecting the rotational speed N of the handling cylinder 14 as the rotational speed of the engine 3, and
Torque detection means 30b for detecting the driving torque T of
A sensor 30 is provided which functions as a sensor. This sensor 30 is configured to detect the handling cylinder torque T and rotational speed N separately and simultaneously as pulse signals. Further, the input shaft of the transmission case 28 is equipped with a vehicle speed sensor 31 as a vehicle speed detection means that generates a number of pulses proportional to the rotation speed, and the output from each sensor 30, 31 is used to measure the handling cylinder torque. It is input to the circuit 32, the handling cylinder rotation speed measurement circuit 33, and the vehicle speed measurement circuit 34,
The handling cylinder torque T, the handling cylinder rotational speed N, and the vehicle speed V are measured. The measured handling cylinder torque T and handling cylinder rotational speed N are comprehensively determined by the handling cylinder load determination circuit 35, which functions as the vehicle speed correction amount determining means 102 and the reference rotational speed setting means 101, and the vehicle speed is determined by A correction amount ΔV ₀ is determined. Based on this determination result,
A speed change operation means 10 consisting of a vehicle speed determination circuit 36, a comparison/discrimination circuit 37, and a forward/reverse speed change motor 38.
3 changes the vehicle speed. In other words, first of all,
The vehicle speed determination circuit 36 determines the target vehicle speed V ₀ based on the current vehicle speed V and the vehicle speed correction amount ΔV ₀ . Then, the detected actual vehicle speed V and the target vehicle speed V ₀ are compared in a comparison/discrimination circuit 37 to determine whether there is a deviation between the two vehicle speeds V and V ₀ , and based on this determination result, the transmission device 27 is Gear shift lever 29
The forward/reverse rotation motor 38 for automatic operation is controlled to bring the actual vehicle speed V closer to the target vehicle speed _V0 .

A friction transmission device 39 is interposed between the speed change lever 29 and the motor 38.
8, manual gear shifting can be performed preferentially.

Next, the function of the handling cylinder load determination circuit 35 will be explained.

Fig. 3 is a ranking diagram for determining the handling cylinder load, and shows that the handling cylinder rotational speed variation range is a set amount difference △n ₁ , based on the no-load rotational speed n ₀ ,
△n ₂ and △n ₃ in advance in multiple stages (in the example, 4
Ranked into A ₁ , A ₂ , etc. (stages),
The handling cylinder torque fluctuation range is ranked in advance into multiple stages (4 stages in the example) with differences Δt ₁ and Δt ₂ of set amounts based on a preset value t ₀ B ₁ ,
B _{2 .} . . , and the overlapping rank group of both ranks is ranked into multiple stages (7 stages) C ₁ , C _{2 .} . . based on the magnitude of load.

Then, by comparing the handling cylinder rotational speed N and handling cylinder torque T detected as described above with the respective ranks A ₁ ..., B ₁ ..., it is determined which of the handling cylinder load ranks C ₁ ... it belongs to. It is to determine.

Here, among the handling cylinder load ranks C _{1 .} . . , rank C ₃ is) when the rotation speed N of the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ is detected and the torque T of the appropriate torque rank B ₂ is detected. 'Appropriate rotation speed rank A rotation speed rank one step lower than ₂
When the rotational speed N of A ₃ is detected, and the torque T of torque crank B ₁ that is one step lower than the appropriate torque rank B ₂ is detected, and)'' one step lower than the appropriate rotational speed rank A ₂ This corresponds to the case where a rotational speed N of rotational speed rank _A1 on the high-speed side is detected, and a torque T of torque rank _B3 , which is one step higher than the appropriate torque rank _B2 , is detected. Therefore, as appropriate load rank, vehicle speed increase/deceleration is not required, and the lower load rank is lower than this.
C ₂ and C ₁ are a) when the rotational speed N of the appropriate rotational speed rank A ₂ is detected and the torque T of the torque rank B ₁ lower than the appropriate torque rank B ₂ is detected, or )' When a rotation speed N of a rotation speed rank A ₁ higher than the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ is detected, and a torque T of an appropriate torque rank B ₂ and a torque rank B ₁ lower than that is detected. The vehicle speed is increased, and the high load side ranks C ₄ , C ₅ ,
C ₆ and C ₇ ) are the detected rotational speed N and torque T
corresponds to cases where the above conditions are not), )', )'' and ), )', and the vehicle speed is reduced.In addition, each rank C ₁ and C ₂ for increasing speed and each rank for decelerating Target vehicle speed _correction amounts _{△ V 01 , △} V _{02 .}
... is determined, the target vehicle speed correction amount △V ₀ is determined accordingly, and the previous target vehicle speed V ₀ is increased or decreased in the vehicle speed determining circuit 36, and the actual detected vehicle speed is adjusted to the new target vehicle speed V ₀ . V is compared.

In addition, when starting the reaping work, manually operate the speed change lever 29 to select an arbitrary vehicle speed, and then the actual vehicle speed at the time when the vehicle speed control is activated is set as the initial target vehicle speed, and as the load is detected, The target vehicle speed will be updated.

In addition, the target vehicle speed correction amount △V ₀ is the appropriate load rank
C The farther from ₃ , the larger the setting △
V ₀₁ ＞△V ₀₂ ; △V ₀₄ ＜△V ₀₅ ＜△V ₀₆ ＜△V ₀₇ ).

Further, when setting the ranking for determining the handling cylinder load, the following processing is performed at the same time.

The appropriate handling drum rotation speed is changed depending on the type of crop (rice, wheat) (depending on the speed change of the handling drum drive system), and the handling drum rotation speed rank is adjusted accordingly.
It is necessary to change and set the no-load rotation speed n ₀ , which is the reference for A ₁ .... Therefore, in the present invention, the following three conditions are set as conditions for no load.

Vehicle speed V must be virtually zero (0.1m/s or less) Handling cylinder torque T must be below the set value (0.75kgm) Handling cylinder rotational speed N must be at least the specified value (370rpm) And threshing When the clutch 24 is engaged (displacement of the clutch lever is detected by the limit switch), if the above three conditions are met, it is determined that there is no load, and the handling cylinder rotation speed at this point is automatically set to the reference rotation. Speed n is stored as ₀ and rank A _{is 1}
...is determined.

The vehicle speed control explained above includes automatic pilot control that causes the machine to follow the planted crops, and changes the attitude of the transport device 11 according to the culm length of the harvested grain culm to move the machine to the handling room.
3. Handling depth control to maintain a constant grain culm insertion length;
No. 2 screw conveyor 20 in threshing device 3
Automatic alarm control to issue an alarm based on the detection of a decrease in rotational speed due to a blockage, or an alarm based on the detection of a blockage in the waste straw conveyance path, or to detect a blockage in the waste straw or the opening of the cover of the cutter 24 during operation. It is processed using one control circuit (CPU) along with engine automatic stop control based on the engine control system, etc., and as shown in Figure 4, in the control main loop that circulates at a certain period of time. Various controls are sequentially processed in a time-sharing manner.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawings illustrate an embodiment of the vehicle speed control device for a combine harvester according to the present invention, in which FIG. 1 is an overall side view of the combine, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the vehicle speed control mechanism, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the handling trunk load determination. FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the entire automatic control, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Traveling device, 4... Engine, 14... Handling cylinder, 27... Transmission device, 30a... Speed detection means, 30b... Torque detection means, 31... Vehicle speed detection means, 100... No load state Discrimination means, 101
...Rotational speed setting means, 102...Vehicle speed correction amount determining means, 103...Speed change operation means, V...Detected vehicle speed, _V0 ...Target vehicle speed, △ _V0 ...Vehicle speed correction amount, N
...Detection rotation speed, n ₀ ...Reference rotation speed, T...
Detected handling cylinder torque, A ₁ ... Rotation speed rank, B ₁ ...
...Torque crank.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1 (a) The threshing device 3 is interlockingly connected to the engine 4, (b) the traveling device 1 is interlockingly connected to the engine 4 via the traveling transmission 27, and (c) the vehicle speed V is A vehicle speed detecting means 31 for detecting, (d) a speed detecting means 30a for detecting the rotational speed N of the engine 4, and (e) a torque detecting means 30b for detecting the driving torque T of the handling cylinder 14 of the threshing device 3. (F) Based on the detection information in (C), (D), and (E) above, the vehicle speed V is substantially zero, the engine rotation speed N is greater than the specified value, and the handling trunk torque T is A no-load state determining means 100 is provided for determining a no-load state in which the following three conditions are satisfied: (g) the no-load state determining means 100 detects a no-load state when the no-load state determines the no-load state; engine speed N
A reference rotational speed setting means 101 is provided which stores the reference rotational speed n ₀ as a reference rotational speed n 0 , and (h) the reference rotational speed n ₀ and the set reference torque.
A vehicle speed modification amount determining means 102 is provided which determines the vehicle speed modification amount ΔV ₀ based on the information on t ₀ and the detection information in (d) and (e) above, and (i) the vehicle speed modification amount determining means A speed change operation means 103 is provided which operates the traveling transmission 27 to change the vehicle speed by a set correction amount based on the determination information of 102, and the vehicle speed correction amount determination means 103 is configured to: The rotational speed fluctuation range is divided into multiple rotational speed ranks A ₁ , A ₂ ... based on the reference rotational speed n ₀ , and the handling cylinder torque variation range is based on the reference torque t ₀ . Multiple stages of torque ranks B ₁ , B ₂ …
Divide into... c○ Appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ rotation speed N
is detected, and the appropriate torque rank B ₂
When the torque T is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, and the rotation speed N of the rotation speed rank A ₃ , which is one step lower than the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ , is detected, and the appropriate torque rank
Torque rank one step lower than B ₂
When the torque T of _B1 is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, and the rotation speed N of the rotation speed rank _A1 , which is one step higher than the appropriate rotation speed rank _A2 , is detected, and torque crank
Torque rank one step higher than B ₂
When the torque T of B ₃ is detected, the vehicle speed correction amount is set to zero, and when the rotation speed N of the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ is detected, the torque rank B ₁ is lower than the appropriate torque rank B ₂ . Torque T of
is detected, the amount of correction on the side of increasing the vehicle speed is set, and the rotation speed N of rotation speed rank A ₁ on the higher side than the appropriate rotation speed rank A ₂ is detected, and the appropriate torque rank B ₂ and its Torque rank lower than
When the torque T of _B1 is detected, the amount of correction to increase the vehicle speed is set, and when the detected rotational speed N and torque T are not in the above),)',)''and),)', the vehicle speed is increased. Combine vehicle speed control device that sets the amount of correction on the reduction side.