JPS6399484A - Cereal grain drying control system of cereal grain drier - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Abstract] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a grain drying control method for a grain dryer.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, grains supplied to and housed in a storage chamber by a diffusion device, while flowing down from the storage chamber through a plurality of drying chambers,
The hot air generated from the burner is passed through the plurality of hot air chambers to each of the drying chambers, passes through the plurality of exhaust chambers, is sucked and exhausted by an exhaust fan, is exposed to the hot air, and is dried. A hot air temperature sensor that detects the hot air temperature is provided in each of the exhaust chambers, and an exhaust air temperature sensor that detects the exhaust air temperature is installed in each of the plurality of exhaust chambers, and the detected hot air temperature detected by each of these hot air temperature sensors is The grain temperature of the grains during drying is calculated from the average value of the detected exhaust air temperature detected by each exhaust air temperature sensor, and the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation determines the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner. It was a method of drying grains by controlling the temperature.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention While grains are diffused and supplied into a storage chamber by a diffusion device and stored therein, while flowing down from the storage chamber through a plurality of drying chambers, hot air generated from a burner is released from a plurality of hot air chambers. Each of the drying chambers is ventilated, passes through a plurality of exhaust chambers, is sucked and exhausted by an exhaust fan, and is exposed to this hot air and dried, and each hot air temperature sensor installed in the plurality of hot air chambers Detects temperature,
Each exhaust air temperature sensor installed in the plurality of exhaust air chambers detects the exhaust air temperature, and the average value of these detected hot air temperatures and the average value of the detected exhaust air temperature determines the grain temperature of the grains being dried. The calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation is compared with the set grain temperature, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner is controlled to dry the grains so that the calculated grain temperature does not exceed the set grain temperature. In this type of dryer, if the amount of grains that are diffused and supplied into the storage chamber by the diffusion device is small, and the distribution of the grains is biased toward one side, the distribution of grains may be biased toward one side. When this happens, there are no grains in the upper part of the drying chamber on one side, creating a cavity, and a large amount of hot air generated from the burner passes through the cavity where there are no grains, and the drying chamber on this side becomes dry. The exhaust air temperature in the exhaust chamber becomes high, this high temperature is detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor, and the detected hot air temperature is the average value of the detected exhaust air temperature of this high temperature and the detected exhaust air temperature on the other side. If the grain temperature during drying is calculated using the average value of As a result, the grains may not be completely dried within a predetermined time.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a method for treating grains flowing down a drying chamber (5) with a burner (3).
) In a grain dryer that controls hot air while calculating the grain temperature of dried grains based on the hot air temperature and exhaust air temperature during ventilation drying with hot air generated from the drying chamber (5), Density sensors are installed at multiple locations at different locations to detect the density of dried grains at each location, and when the detected values of these density sensors vary beyond a certain reference range, the grain density The grain drying control system is characterized in that it includes a hot air temperature control device that controls hot air based on the value detected by the higher density sensor.

The grains diffused and supplied into the storage chamber by the action-diffusion device of the invention and stored therein are flowing down from the storage chamber into the plurality of drying chambers (5), while the hot air generated from the burner (3) blows into the plurality of hot air. Ventilation is passed through each drying chamber (5) from the drying chamber, passed through a plurality of ventilation chambers, and sucked and exhausted by an exhaust fan, thereby drying the product by exposing it to this hot air. Each hot air temperature sensor installed indoors detects the hot air temperature, each density sensor detects the density of grain flowing down inside the drying chamber (5), and each exhaust The wind temperature sensor detects the exhaust air temperature, and when the detected density detected by each density sensor is within a certain reference range, the average value of the detected hot air temperature detected by the heated air temperature sensor and the six exhaust air temperature sensors The grain temperature of the grains during drying is calculated based on the average f4 of the detected exhaust air temperature detected by If the temperature is higher than that, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is changed to a predetermined low temperature so that the calculated grain temperature becomes below the set grain temperature, and the grains are dried with this low temperature hot air.

In addition, when the detected grain density detected by each density sensor varies beyond a certain reference range, the side with the higher detected grain density detected by this density sensor is the one that is generated from the burner (3). It is detected that the hot air is not blowing through the drying chamber (5), and by this detection, the detected hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor on the side with higher detected grain density and the detected exhaust air detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor are detected. Calculate the grain temperature of the grains during drying based on the temperature, compare the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation with the set grain temperature, and if the calculated grain temperature is higher than the set grain temperature, 'H grain temperature is The temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is changed to a predetermined low temperature so that the grain temperature is below the set grain temperature, and the grains are dried with this low temperature hot air.

Effects of the Invention According to this invention, the amount of grains diffused and supplied into the storage chamber is small, and the condition of the grain distribution is poor.
) When there are no grains in the upper part and the cavity becomes empty, the density of the grains in the drying chamber (5) on this cavity side and the density of the grains in the drying chamber (5) on the other side when the grain is full However, each density sensor detects these different grain densities, and when the detected grain densities vary beyond a certain reference range, the hot air temperature sensor on the side with higher detected grain density Grain temperature during drying is calculated based on the detected hot air temperature and the detected exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor, and the hot air temperature generated from the burner (3) is controlled by the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation. By doing so, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is controlled on the side where the drying chamber (5) is full of grains, so that the amount of grains is small. Even if the grain distribution is biased to one side, drying of the grains can always be completed within a predetermined time.

Embodiment In the illustrated example, the machine wall (12) of the dryer (11) has a rectangular shape that is long in the front-rear direction when viewed from above, and is made up of front and rear wall plates and left and right wall plates. A burner case (14) containing a burner (3) and an operating device (13) for controlling start and stop of the burner (11) are provided, and an exhaust fan (7) is provided on the rear wall plate.

A grain collection gutter (15) equipped with a transfer spiral is provided in the center of the lower part of the machine wall (12) in the front-rear direction, and on the upper side of this grain collection gutter (15) there is a delivery valve (! Four drying chambers (5) each having a rotary shaft supported thereon are arranged in parallel and communicated with each other, and between the outer drying chamber (5) and the inner drying chamber (5) there is a hot air chamber (
4), each hot air chamber (4) and the burner (3)
Each hot air chamber (4) has a hot air temperature sensor (8) for detecting the hot air temperature and a pressure sensor for detecting the wind pressure in each hot air chamber (4) for detecting the density of grains. (9), and air exhaust chambers (6) are formed between the drying chambers (5) on the inside (5) and on the outside of the drying chamber (5) on the outside. and communicate with the outside ventilation chamber (6).
, (6) is equipped with an exhaust air temperature sensor (1) that detects the exhaust air temperature.
o), and a motor (1) is installed at the bottom of the rear wall plate.
7), and this motor (17) rotates the transfer spiral, each of the green outlet valves (1B), the exhaust fan (7), etc.

A fuel pump (18) having a fuel valve is provided on the outer side of the lower plate of the burner case (10), and by opening and closing this fuel valve, the fuel pump (18) sucks fuel from the fuel tank (18) and supplies the burner ( 3) It is configured to supply fuel into the inside, and a blower (20) and a motor (2) are installed on the outside of the upper plate.
1), the motor (21) rotates the blower (20), and the blower (20) supplies combustion air into the burner (3).

A storage chamber (2) is formed above each of the drying chambers (5), and a ceiling plate (22) and a transfer gutter (23) equipped with a transfer spiral are provided above the storage chamber (2). (23) A supply port for supplying the transferred grains into the storage chamber (2) is provided in the center, and a diffusion device ( 1), the front wall plate forming this storage chamber (2) is provided with a window (24) for visually observing the grains stored in this storage chamber (2),
On the side of this window (20), there is a numerical value that displays the storage capacity.

A grain hoist (25) is provided in front of the front wall plate, and a packet conveyor (26) belt is stretched between the upper and lower pulleys inside, and a packet conveyor (26) belt is provided between the upper end and the starting end of the transfer gutter (23). A discharging tube (27) is provided to communicate with the lower end and the grain collection gutter (1).
5) A supply gutter (28) is provided to communicate with the terminal end, a motor (29) is provided on the top of the grain hoist (25), and the motor (28) moves the packet conveyor (28) belt. , the transfer spiral and the spreading device (1) in the transfer m (23) are rotatably driven, and the packet conveyor (2B) has a structure in which the packets falling while being conveyed to the upper part are located at approximately the center in the vertical direction. A moisture sensor (30) is provided for receiving grains and detecting the moisture value of the grains.
0) is operated by the moisture sensor (3) by transmitting an electrical measurement signal from the operating device (13) at predetermined time intervals.
The motor (31) installed inside the motor (31) rotates, and this motor (
31), each part of the moisture sensor (30) is activated to detect the grain moisture value.

The operation bag m(+3) has a box shape, and the surface plate of the box includes a start switch (32) for starting and stopping the dryer (11), a stop switch (33), and a target finish moisture content. A target moisture setting device (34) for setting a value, a hot air temperature setting device (35) for setting a hot air temperature, and a detected moisture value detected by the moisture sensor (30) and the hot air temperature sensor (8). A display window (3B) is provided that alternately displays the detected hot air temperature, and a control bag a (3B) is provided inside.
7) and a hot air temperature control device (38), each setting device (34), (35) is a rotary switch type, and the setting device (34) is displayed on the surface plate. When the operation is performed to the position of the finishing target value, the finishing target moisture value is set, and the setting machine (35) is operated to the position of the finishing target value.
) The temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is set by operating the window (24) on the front wall plate to the same position as the amount of grain stored in the window (24).

The hot air temperature control device (3B) includes each of the sensors (8),
(9), an A-D converter (39) to which the detection values detected by (10) are A-D converted; and an input circuit (to which the converted value converted by this A-D converter (39) is input) 40), an input circuit (41) into which the operation of the setting machine (35) is input;
, C which performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from these input circuits (40) and (41).
The configuration includes a PU (42) and an output circuit (43) that receives and outputs various commands from the CPU (42).

The control bag 2t (3?) is equipped with an A-D converter (44) that converts the detection value detected by the moisture sensor (30) into A-D.
), an input circuit (45) into which the converted value converted in this A-D converter (40) is input, and each of the switches (32).
, (33) and an input circuit (4111) into which the operation of the setting machine (34) is input, each of these input circuits (
This CPU (42) performs arithmetic and logical operations, comparison operations, etc. on various input values input from 45) and (46).
The configuration includes an output circuit (47) that receives and outputs various commands from the PU (42).

The hot air temperature control device (3 days) is the control device (37)
to the starting switch (32) and the setting device (34).
When the operation of the setting machine (35) is input to the hot air temperature control device (38), the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is set, and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is set.
At the same time as the ff (11) starts, the set hot air temperature is generated from the burner (3), and each of the hot air temperature sensors (8)
detects this hot air, this detected hot air temperature is input and an average value is calculated, and the average value of the calculated hot air temperature obtained by this calculation and the set hot air temperature set by operating the setting machine (35). are compared, and if they differ, they will be the same.
It is configured to change the number of times the fuel valve of the fuel pump (18) is opened and closed to change the amount of fuel sucked in by the fuel pump (18), and during this drying, the pressure sensors (9) detect If the detected pressure is both, for example, C
If the pressure is less than 5 m aq set and stored in the PU (42), the average value of the detected hot air temperatures detected by the six hot air temperature sensors (8) is calculated, and the calculated hot air temperature obtained by this calculation is calculated. The CPU (
Calculate the grain temperature during drying using the calculation formula set and stored in 42), and compare the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation with, for example, the C
Compared with the grain temperature of 38 degrees set and stored in the PU (42), if this calculated grain temperature is 40 degrees, the set hot air temperature at this time is set, for example, so that it is below the set grain temperature of 38 degrees. , 50
If the temperature is 5 degrees, the fuel pump (1
8), the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is set to 45 degrees to dry the grains, and if the calculated grain temperature is below the set grain temperature, the grains are dried at the set hot air temperature. It is configured to dry.

In addition, the detected pressure detected by each of the force sensors (9) on one side is below the set pressure of 5 mmAq, and on the other side is below the set pressure of 5 mmAq.
Layer■All! When the above is detected, the drying chamber (5) on the other side is configured to detect that hot air is blowing through,
Through this detection, the detected hot air temperature and detected exhaust air temperature used to calculate the grain temperature are configured to calculate the grain temperature of the grains during drying using the side where a pressure lower than the set pressure is detected. If the obtained calculated grain temperature is equal to or higher than the set grain temperature, the fuel pump (18) is controlled in the same manner as described above, and the best values obtained from the test results are memorized. The configuration is as follows.

The control device (37) is the hot air temperature control device (38).
The operation of the setting knob (35) is inputted to the controller (37), and the setting knob (34) and the start switch (
32), each of the motors (1?), (21), (29), of the dryer (11),
(31) rotates and at the same time this dryer (11) starts, the fuel pump (18) starts and the moisture sensor (30) also starts.
detects the grain moisture value, this detected value is input, and when this moisture sensor (30) detects the same grain moisture value as the finishing target moisture value set by operating the setting knob (34), this The dryer (11) is automatically controlled by the control wave 2l-(37).
) is configured to automatically stop.

Note that instead of the pressure sensor (9), the drying chamber (
5) A density sensor may be provided to directly detect the density of grains in the hot air chamber (4) and the hot air temperature sensor (8) may be installed at the upper and lower ends of the hot air chamber (4) and the exhaust chamber (6). And the exhaust air temperature sensor (10) is provided, and the temperature difference is calculated based on the detected temperatures detected by each of the temperature sensors (8) and (10), and the drying temperature is determined based on the calculated temperature difference between the upper and lower ends obtained by this calculation. The chamber (5) may be configured to detect whether or not the hot air generated from the burner (3) is blowing through, and the exhaust chamber (6) may be provided with a wind speed sensor for detecting the wind speed. It may be configured to detect whether hot air is blowing through the drying chamber (5) based on the detected wind speed detected by the drying chamber (5).

By operating each setting knob (34), (35) of the operating device (13) to a predetermined position and operating the start switch (32), the dryer (11) is started and at the same time the burner (3 ) generates hot air at a set temperature, which is passed from each hot air chamber (4) to each drying chamber (5), passes through each ventilation chamber (6), and is sucked and exhausted by an exhaust fan (7). , the dryer (
The grains stored in the storage chamber (2) of 11) are exposed to this hot air and dried while flowing down from the storage chamber (2) into each of the drying chambers (5). The grain is fed out to the lower part, flows down, and is supplied into the grain collection gutter (15), and is sent from this grain collection gutter (15) via the supply gutter (28) by the transfer spiral in this grain collection gutter (15) to the grain hoist. (25), and is transported to the upper part by the packet conveyor (2B), and is transported to the top of the dispensing cylinder (27).
) into the transfer gutter (23), and this transfer gutter (2
3) is transferred and supplied to the diffusion device (1) via the transfer gutter (23), diffused and reduced into the storage chamber (2) by this diffusion device (1), and circulated and dried. When (30) detects a grain moisture value that is the same as the finishing target moisture value set by operating the setting point (30), the operating device (
The dryer (13) is automatically controlled by the control device (37) of the dryer (13).
1) Automatically stop.

During this drying work, each pressure sensor (9) detects the wind pressure in the six hot air chambers (4), and when both of these detected pressures are below the set pressure, the hot air temperature in the six hot air chambers (4) Each hot air temperature sensor (8) detects the average value obtained from each detected hot air temperature and the exhaust air temperature in the six exhaust chambers (6), and each exhaust air temperature sensor (1G) detects this. Calculate the grain temperature of the grains during drying based on the average value obtained from each detected exhaust air temperature,
The calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation is compared with the set grain temperature, and if the calculated grain temperature is equal to or higher than the set grain temperature, the burner (
The set hot air temperature generated from step 3) is changed to a predetermined low temperature, and the grains are dried using this low temperature hot air so that the calculated grain temperature becomes the same as the set grain temperature.

Also, when the detected pressure detected by each pressure sensor (9) is below the set pressure on one side and above the set pressure on the other side,
The hot air temperature sensor on the side that detected the pressure below this set pressure (
8) and the detected hot air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (
Calculate the grain temperature of the grains during drying based on the detected exhaust air temperature detected by 10), compare the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation with the set grain temperature, and check if the calculated grain temperature is higher than the set grain temperature. In this case, the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is changed to a low temperature in the same manner as described above, and the grains are dried with this low temperature hot air.

The pressure in each of the hot air chambers (4) is detected, and based on the detected pressure, it is detected whether or not the hot air generated from the burner (3) is blowing through each of the drying chambers (5). a detected hot air temperature detected by the hot air temperature sensor (8) on the side where the hot air is not blowing through the drying room (5);
The grain temperature during drying is calculated based on the detected exhaust air temperature detected by the exhaust air temperature sensor (10), and the temperature of the hot air generated from the burner (3) is controlled by the calculated grain temperature obtained by this calculation. By doing so, the temperature of the hot air of the burner (3) is controlled on the side of the drying chamber (5) where the hot air does not blow through, so that the drying of the grains is always completed within a predetermined time.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings show an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 1 is a block diagram, FIG. 2 is a flowchart, FIG. 3 is an overall front view of the dryer partially cut away, and FIG. FIG. 5 is an enlarged front view of a portion of the dryer. In the figure, code (3) indicates the burner and (5) indicates the drying chamber.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Grain drying that controls the hot air while calculating the grain temperature of the dried grains based on the hot air temperature and the exhaust air temperature when the grains flowing down the drying room (5) are ventilated with hot air generated from the burner (3). In the drying machine, density sensors are installed at different locations in the drying chamber (5) to detect the density of dried grains at each location, and the detected values of each density sensor are set to a certain standard. A grain drying control system characterized by being provided with a hot air temperature control device that performs hot air temperature control based on the value detected by the density sensor on the side where the grain density is higher when the grain density varies across regions.