JPS6360422A - Ferroelectric liquid crystal element - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable satisfactory exhibition of high-speed responsiveness and memory effect characteristic by forming color filters of respective picture elements to approximately the same film thickness by a photolithographic stage for coloring resins prepd. by dispersing coloring materials in a polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule, and laminating patterned transparent electrodes and orientation controlling films successively on the color filters. CONSTITUTION:The color filters of the respective picture elements are formed to approximately the same film thickness by the photolithographic stage for the coloring resins prepd. by dispersing the coloring materials into the polyamino resin having the photosensitive group in the molecule and the patterned transparent electrodes and orientation controlling films are successively laminated on the color filters, by which this element is formed. More specifically, the ferroelectric liquid crystal element 1 has substrates 2 and 3 for which transparent plates such as glass plates or plastic plates are used. A ferroelectric liquid crystal 4 is sandwiches between said substrates and the transparent electrodes 5 and 6 having the striped shapes constituting matrix electrode structure are disposed on the respective 2 and 3. The orientation controlling films 7 and 8 are formed on the transparent electrodes.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to ferroelectric liquid crystal elements such as liquid crystal display elements and liquid crystal-optical shutter arrays, and more specifically relates to a method for improving the initial alignment state of liquid crystal molecules. The present invention relates to a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having a color filter that obtains a uniform monodomain liquid crystal phase free from alignment defects and improves display and driving characteristics.

[Prior art] As a conventional liquid crystal element, for example, M-Shirt) (1
4,5 chadt) and double Helfrich (W,
He1frich) “Applied Physics
Letters (“Applied Physics Let
Vol. 18, No. 4 (February 15, 1971), pp. 127-128.
“Voltage Dependent 0ptica
l Activity of a Twisted Ne
Twisted nematic (twistedne■
atic) using liquid crystal is known. This TN
Liquid crystals have a problem in that crosstalk occurs during time-division driving using a matrix electrode structure with high pixel density, so the number of pixels has been limited.

Furthermore, a display element is known in which a switching element using a thin film transistor is connected to each pixel, and each pixel is switched. However, the process of forming the thin film transistor on the substrate is extremely complicated, and the display element has a large area. There are some problems that make it difficult to create.

As a solution to these problems, Clark (C1
ark) et al. in U.S. Patent No. 4. A ferroelectric liquid crystal device is proposed in the specification of No.:167.924.

FIG. 2 schematically depicts an example of a cell for explaining the operation of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. 21a and 21b are In
, 03, SnO□ and ITO (Indium Tin 0
It is a substrate (glass plate) coated with a transparent electrode made of a thin film such as Sac" phase or S
mH” phase liquid crystal is sealed. Shown with thick line!!2
3 represents a liquid crystal molecule, and this liquid crystal molecule 23 has a dipole moment (P, )2 in the direction perpendicular to the molecule.
It has 4. When a voltage equal to or higher than a certain threshold is applied between the electrodes on the substrates 21a and 21b, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules 23 is unraveled, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 23 is changed so that the dipole moment (P) 24 is all directed in the direction of the electric field. can be changed. The liquid crystal molecule Z3 has an elongated shape and exhibits refractive index anisotropy in its long axis direction and short axis direction. Therefore, for example, if polarizers are placed above and below the glass surface in a crossed nicol positional relationship, It is easily understood that this is a liquid crystal optical modulation element whose optical characteristics change depending on the polarity of applied voltage.

The liquid crystal cell preferably used in the ferroelectric liquid crystal element of the present invention has a sufficiently thin thickness (for example, 1.0 mm thick).

As the liquid crystal phase becomes thinner, the helical structure of the liquid crystal molecules unwinds and becomes a non-helical structure even when no electric field is applied, as shown in Figure 3, and its dipole The moment Pa or pb is either upward (34a) or downward (34b). When an electric field Ea or Eb of a different polarity, which is equal to or higher than a certain threshold value, is applied to such a cell as shown in FIG. Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules are oriented in either the first stable state 133a or the second stable state 33b.

As mentioned above, there are two advantages to using such a ferroelectric liquid crystal as an optical modulation element. The first is that the response speed is extremely fast, and the second is that the alignment of liquid crystal molecules has bistability. the second point, e.g.
To further explain with reference to the figure, when the electric field Ea is applied, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in the first stable state ffq33a, and this state remains stable even when the electric field is turned off. Also, the electric field Eb in the opposite direction
When the electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules align to the second stable state $33b and change their orientation, but they remain in this state even after the electric field is turned off. Further, as long as the applied electric field Ea does not exceed a certain threshold value, each orientation state is maintained. In order to effectively realize such fast response speed and bistability, it is preferable that the cell be as thin as possible.

In order for this ferroelectric liquid crystal element to exhibit predetermined driving characteristics, the ferroelectric liquid crystal placed between a pair of parallel substrates must
For example, for a ferroelectric liquid crystal having a chiral smectic phase, it is necessary that the molecular arrangement is such that conversion between the above two stable states occurs effectively regardless of the applied state of the electric field. , it is necessary to form a region (monodomain) in which the liquid crystal molecule layer of the chiral smectic phase is perpendicular to the substrate surface, and the liquid crystal molecule axes are arranged substantially parallel to the substrate surface. However, in conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal devices, the alignment state of the liquid crystal having such a monodomain structure was not necessarily formed satisfactorily, and therefore sufficient characteristics could not be obtained.

FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element, and FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state of alignment defects that appear in the conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element.

That is, the conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal element 40 shown in FIG. 4 has a pair of parallel substrates 41 and 42, and each of the substrates 41 and 42 has a striped transparent electrode 43 forming a matrix electrode structure. 44 are provided.

Generally, color filters are red (R), green (G), and blue C.
The layer consists of the dye B) or a layer containing the same, but since the thickness of each dye layer is different regardless of the method of forming it, a step A of about 2000 to 1 mm is formed. As a result, if alignment control is performed using the temperature decreasing process, alignment defects will occur in the ferroelectric liquid crystal 47 with the step A as a boundary due to the step A described above. Furthermore, when the alignment control films 45 and 46 are provided on the substrates 41 and 42 where the step A exists, the step C formed in accordance with the step A is also formed on the alignment control film by approximately the film thickness of the pixel. This causes alignment defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal 47 in the same manner as described above.

FIG. 5 is a sketch of the above-mentioned ferroelectric liquid crystal element observed with a crossed Nicol polarizing microscope. The white line 51 in the figure corresponds to the line of a spacer (not shown) used in the liquid crystal element, and the line 52 and 53 are observed corresponding to the step C on the substrate 4I in FIG. Further, a portion 54 in the figure is a ferroelectric liquid crystal sandwiched between opposing electrodes. A large number of edge-like lines 55 appearing in the polarizing microscope represent alignment defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal.

If a step of 1000 Å or more exists in the contacting surface of the ferroelectric liquid crystal as described above, alignment defects will occur from the step, and the formation of monodomains of the ferroelectric liquid crystal will be inhibited.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The present inventors have clarified through experiments that such steps on the substrate cause alignment defects in the ferroelectric liquid crystal.

An object of the present invention is to provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal element that can prevent the occurrence of the above-mentioned alignment defects and fully exhibit the high-speed response and memory effect characteristics inherent in ferroelectric liquid crystal elements. be.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present inventors particularly focused on the initial orientation during the cooling process in which ferroelectric liquid crystals transition from an isokyoshi phase (high temperature state) to a liquid crystal phase (low temperature state). We have discovered a ferroelectric liquid crystal element having a structure that allows both the operating characteristics of the element based on the bistability of the liquid crystal and the monodomain property of the liquid crystal layer.

The liquid crystal element of the present invention is based on this knowledge. More specifically, the liquid crystal element of the present invention has no steps on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal layer, that is, it prevents sudden changes in the thickness of the liquid crystal layer, thereby reducing the temperature during the cooling process. the initial orientation is in a good state,
It is characterized by forming monodomains with no orientation defects.

That is, the present invention provides a ferroelectric liquid crystal element in which a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of parallel substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, and a color filter is provided between at least one of the transparent electrodes and the substrate. is formed to almost the same thickness by a photolithography process of a colored resin in which a colored material is dispersed in a polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule, and a patterned transparent electrode and an alignment control film are formed on the color filter. This is a ferroelectric liquid crystal element characterized by being formed by sequentially layering the following elements.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained based on the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the basic structure of a ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a ferroelectric liquid crystal element 1 has substrates 2 and 3 made of transparent plates such as glass plates or plastic plates, and a ferroelectric liquid crystal 4 is sandwiched between them. Transparent electrodes 5 and 6 in a striped pattern forming a matrix electrode structure are arranged on each substrate 2 and 3, and alignment controls H7 and 8 are formed on the transparent electrodes. Each of the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) color filters is formed with a coloring material concentration set in advance so that desired spectral characteristics are obtained with equal film thickness. On the other hand, if necessary, a light shielding layer 10 is formed in the recess between each color filter, and a protective film or a flattening film 9 is further formed thereon.

In the substrate with the above configuration, the thickness of the color filter and the level difference due to the depression between pixels are corrected, so even if a transparent electrode and an oriented A1GI film are sequentially formed on the pixels, the substrate surface can be kept almost flat. Can be done.

In the present invention, the level difference of the color filter substrate can be reduced to 1000 Å or less by the above-mentioned planarization, but preferably 500 Å or less.
If the number of layers exceeds 1,000, the alignment defect of the edge lines shown in FIG. 5 will occur, especially in a liquid crystal element using a non-flattened layer formed with 1,200 or more layers.

Polyamino resin (
The photosensitive polyamino resin (hereinafter referred to as photosensitive polyamino resin) is an aromatic polyamide resin or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in its molecule, particularly in the visible light wavelength range (400 to 400 nm).
7000cm) and does not have specific light absorption properties (light transmittance of about 90% or more). From this point of view, aromatic polyamide resins are particularly preferred.

Further, the photosensitive group in the present invention may be an aromatic group having a photosensitive hydrocarbon unsaturated group as shown below, for example, (1) benzoic acid esters υ (in the formula RI is CHX-CY-COO-Z-1X is 1 or -C88S, Y is -H or -C1 (3,2 represents - or an ethyl group or a glycidyl group) (2) Benzyl acrylates υ (in the formula (Y represents -H or CH) (3) diphenyl ethers (in the formula, R2 is CHX-CY-CONH-1C1b-CY
-COO-(CH2) 1-OCO-mata CHt-CY
Those containing one or more -COO-CH2-, x and y have the above meanings) (4) Chalcone and other compound chains υ (in the formula, R3 represents H-, an alkyl group, or an alkoxy group), etc. It will be done.

Specific examples of aromatic polyamide resins and polyimide resins having these groups in the molecule include “Lithocoat PA
-1000'' (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries), and ``Lithocoat PI-400'' (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries).

Generally, photosensitive resins used in the photolithography process vary depending on their chemical structure, but there are few that have excellent durability such as mechanical properties, heat resistance, light resistance, and solvent resistance. The photosensitive polyamino resin of the present invention is a resin type having excellent durability in terms of its chemical structure, and the color filter formed using it also has very good durability. In particular, it exhibits excellent heat resistance during sputtering formation of transparent conductive films, which can be problematic as color filters for ferroelectric liquid crystal devices, and damage to color filters caused by inner spacers when assembling liquid crystal devices. .

The coloring material forming the colored resin layer of the color filter in the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as it can obtain desired spectral characteristics among organic pigments, inorganic pigments, dyes, etc.

In this case, each material can be used alone or as a mixture of some of these materials. However, when a dye is used, the performance of the color filter is controlled by the durability of the dye itself, but if the resin system of the present invention is used, the performance of the color filter is superior to that of ordinary dyed color filters. can be formed. Therefore, in view of the color characteristics and various performances of the color filter, organic pigments are most preferable as the coloring material.

Organic pigments include azo pigments such as soluble azo, insoluble azo, condensed azo, phthalocyanine pigments,
and condensed polycyclic pigments including indigo, anthraquinone, perylene, perinone, dioxazine, quinacridone, isointrinon, phthalone, methine/azomethine, and other metal complex systems, or any of these. Several mixtures may be used.

In the present invention, the colored resin used to form the colored resin layer is such that the above colored material having the desired spectral characteristics is added to the above photosensitive polyamino resin solution in an amount of about 10 to 50% at the same film thickness for each color. After blending in any proportion and sufficiently dispersing with ultrasonic waves or triple rolls, particles having a large particle size are preferably removed using a filter of 11 or less.

The colored resin layer of the color filter of the present invention is formed by applying the colored resin onto a substrate using a coating device such as a spinner or a roll coater, and forming a pattern through a photolithography process, and the layer thickness is determined according to desired spectral characteristics. The film thickness is usually the same for each color, and is determined depending on the
1, preferably about 0.5 to 1.5 I&yr.

If it is necessary to further increase the adhesion between the colored resin layer and the underlying substrate, either apply a thin layer of silane coupling agent or the like on the substrate and then form a colored resin pattern, or By forming a color filter using a material to which a small amount of a silane coupling agent or the like is added, a layer effect can be obtained.

The colored resin layer of the color filter of the present invention is itself made of a good material that has sufficient durability. In order to flatten the surface of the color filter, organic resin such as polyamide, polyimide, polyurethane, polycarbonate, silicone, or Si3N4.5in2. Si
n, ^j'2 (h.

An inorganic film such as Ta2O3 can be provided as an IIM or a planarization film by a spin code coating method, a roll coating method, or a vapor deposition method. The thickness of the protective film 9 can determine the thickness of the ferroelectric liquid crystal 4, so it varies depending on the type of liquid crystal material and the required response speed, but generally it is 0.2μ. -~20μ■,
The thickness is preferably set in the range of 0.5 μm to 10 μm.

Furthermore, in order to improve display characteristics, a light shielding layer can be provided by any of the following three methods.

(1) Carbon black, iron black, or graphite is added to the same photosensitive polyamino resin as that used to form the colored resin layer on either the glass substrate, the colored resin pattern, or the protective film or planarization film. Using a light-shielding resin in which a light-shielding material such as a copper-chromium-based, copper-iron-manganese-based complex oxide pigment, or other metal powder with light-shielding ability is dispersed, A method of forming a light-shielding pattern using a photolithography process.

(2) A thin metal film such as chromium or aluminum with light-shielding ability is formed by vapor deposition or sputtering on either the glass substrate, the colored resin pattern, the protective film or the planarizing film, and the depressions between each pixel are A method of forming a light-shielding pattern by forming a resist mask and etching away the metal thin film on each pixel.

(3) When forming a colored resin pattern on a glass substrate, adjacent edges of each of the two colors (2 to
A method of simultaneously forming a light-shielding pattern by overlapping layers (approximately 15 g), and providing the above-mentioned protective film or flattening film on the color filter layer in order to flatten the overlapping portion.

In addition, the thickness of the light-shielding layer of each of the above-mentioned light-shielding patterns is as follows.

The surface on which the transparent electrode is to be formed is set to be substantially flat.

Examples of materials for the alignment control film used in the present invention include polyvinyl alcohol, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyester, polycarbonate, bilibinyl acetal, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polyamide, polystyrene, cellulose resin, melamine resin, and urea. Resins such as resins, acrylic resins, photosensitive polyimides, photosensitive polyamides, cyclic rubber photoresists, pheno-J lenovolac photoresists, or electron beam photoresists (polymethyl methacrylate, epoxidized 1,4-polybutadiene) etc.), etc.). Although the alignment control film 7 depends on the film thickness of the ferroelectric liquid crystal, it is generally IOλ~1μ■
, preferably lo.

Set in the range of λ to 3000 people.

Particularly suitable liquid crystal materials for use in the present invention are liquid crystals having bistability and ferroelectricity. Specifically, chiral smectic C phase (Sac
”), H phase (Sml”), I phase (Sml”)
, J phase (SmJ”), K phase (SmK”), a
A phase (SmG'') or F phase (Ss+F'') liquid crystal can be used.

Regarding this ferroelectric liquid crystal, please refer to “Le Journal de Physique Rutile”.
1975
Year, No. 36 (L-69), ``Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals J ('Ferroelectr
ic Liquid Crystals”; “Applied Physics Letters”
Physics Letters”) 1980,
36 (11), ``Submicro Second Bistiple Electroobtic Switching in Liquid Crystals''('Submicro 5
econd B15table Electroopt
icSwitching in Liquid Cry
“Solid State Physics” 1981 16
(141), "Liquid Crystal", etc., and the ferroelectric liquid crystal disclosed therein can be used in the present invention.

Specific examples of ferroelectric liquid crystals include decyloxybenzylidene-p'-amino-2-methylbutylcinnamate (DOBAMBG), hexyloxybenzylidene-p'-amino-2-chloropropylcinnamate (
HOBACPC), 4-o-(2-methyl)-butylresol silidane-4'-octylaniline (MBRAS)
can be mentioned.

When constructing an element using these materials, the element can be supported by a block or the like in which a heater is embedded, if necessary, in order to maintain the temperature at such a temperature that the liquid crystal compound enters the chiral smectic phase.

[Function] In the ferroelectric liquid crystal element of the present invention, the color filter of each pixel is formed to have almost the same thickness, and the transparent electrode and alignment control film are laminated on the color filter, so that the flatness of the substrate is good. Therefore, there is no step on the surface in contact with the liquid crystal phase, and the liquid crystal phase sandwiched between the substrates with good flatness is slowly cooled in the temperature decreasing process in which the liquid crystal phase transitions from a constant phase to a liquid crystal phase.
The desired liquid crystal phase region gradually expands to form a uniform monodomain liquid crystal phase.

For example, the above-mentioned DOB exhibiting a ferroelectric liquid crystal phase as a liquid crystal.
Taking AMBC as an example, when it is slowly cooled from the isotropic phase of DOBAMBG, it undergoes a phase transition to the smectic A phase (SmA phase) at about 115°C. At this time, if the substrate is subjected to alignment treatment such as rubbing or SiO□ oblique vapor deposition, monodomains are formed in which the molecular axes of liquid crystal molecules are parallel to the substrate and aligned in one direction. Furthermore, as cooling progresses, approximately 90%
Chiral smectic C at specific temperatures between ~75°C
When the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is about 2 mm or less, the helix of the S2C1 phase is unraveled and exhibits bistability.

[Example] Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to Examples.

Embodiment 1 FIGS. 6(a) to 6(f) are process diagrams showing the process of forming color pixels of three colors of R, G, and B.

First, a blue colored resin material [which can obtain the desired spectral characteristics] is placed on a $7059 glass substrate 51 manufactured by Corning Corporation.
Heliogen Blue
L7080 (Product name, manufactured by BASF, C,1,
No. 74160) in PA-1000C (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., polymer content = 10%, solvent 2N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, pigment: polymer = 1:2 blend). A colored resin layer 62 was formed by applying a resin material to a thickness of 1.5 μm using a spinner coating method. (See FIG. 6(a)) Next, the colored resin layer 62 is subjected to a bleaching bath at 80° C. for 30 minutes.
After this, exposure was performed using a high-pressure mercury lamp through a photomask 63 corresponding to the pattern shape to be formed. (See FIG. 6(b)) After the exposure, as shown in FIG. 6(c), the photocured portion 62a
The colored resin layer 62 is developed using ultrasonic waves in a special developer (a developer whose main component is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) that dissolves only the unexposed areas of the colored resin layer 62, and a special rinse solution (for example, After treatment with a rinsing liquid containing isopropylene and alcohol as main components, a boss bake was performed at 150° C. for 30 minutes to form a blue patterned colored resin layer 64 having a patterned shape. (See FIG. 6(d)) Next, a green colored resin material [Lionol Green 6YK (trade name)] was applied as a second color onto the glass substrate on which the blue colored pattern was formed.

Manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd., C, 1, No. 74265)
A-1000C (product name, manufactured by Ube Industries, polymer content =
1Q%, solvent: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, pigment: polymer = 1:2 blend)] was used, except for using a photosensitive colored resin material]. A resin layer 65 was formed at a predetermined position on the substrate.

Furthermore, a red colored resin material [Irgazin Red BPT] was applied as a third color onto the substrate on which the blue and green patterns were formed in this manner.
(Product name, manufactured by Ciba-Geigy).

C0T, No. 71127) to PA-1000C (
Product name, manufactured by Ube Industries, polymer content = 10%, solvent: N
A red patterned colored resin layer 66 is formed on the substrate in the same manner as above except that a photosensitive colored resin material prepared by dispersing methyl-2-pyrrolidone in a pigment:bolimer=l:2 composition is used. R (red), G (
A colored pattern of three color stripes of green) and B (blue) was obtained. (See Figure 6(e)) Next, a black colored resin material [carbon black (C, 1, No. 77266)] was applied as a light shielding layer on the glass substrate on which the three-color colored pattern was formed.
A-1000C (polymer content ±10%, pigment: polymer; l: 4 blend)] was used to match the gap between each pixel using the same method as above. A light-shielding layer 67 having a light-shielding pattern was formed.

On the color filter pattern obtained in this way,
Protection: IF5 or flattening [68] A transparent resin material similar to that used for the colored resin material [PA-1000C (trade name, manufactured by Ube Industries, Ltd., polymer content = 10%, solvent 2N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone) ] was formed to a thickness of approximately 1.0 IL by a spinner coating method. (See FIG. 6(f)) As described above, it was possible to form color filter substrates that were made flush.

Next, as shown in FIG. 1, a transparent electrode 5 was formed by forming a film of 1-0 to a thickness of 50 OA by sputtering. On top of this, a polyimide forming solution (Hitachi Chemical RPT) was applied as an orientation control faH7 using a spinner rotating at 3000 rpm, and heated at 150°C for 30 minutes.
A polyimide film of 00A was formed. Thereafter, the surface of the polyimide film was subjected to a rubbing treatment.

The thus formed color filter substrate and the opposing substrate 3 were bonded together to form a cell, and ferroelectric liquid crystal was injected and sealed to obtain a liquid crystal element. When this liquid crystal element was observed using a cross-niffle polarizing microscope, it was confirmed that the liquid crystal molecules inside had no alignment defects.

[Effects of the Invention] As explained above, according to the present invention, there is no difference in the film thickness of the color filter layer on the substrate, and furthermore, by providing a light shielding layer, a protective film and a flattening film as necessary, To provide a ferroelectric liquid crystal element that can eliminate minute steps occurring between each pixel of a color filter, prevent the occurrence of alignment defects, and fully exhibit the characteristics of a ferroelectric liquid crystal. Can be done.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, it has excellent mechanical strength, and
Color filter parts with fine patterns that have excellent properties such as heat resistance, light resistance, and solvent resistance can be manufactured using a simple manufacturing process, making it possible to produce color filters with excellent performance as color ferroelectric liquid crystal elements. It can be provided easily.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the basic structure of a ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to the present invention, FIGS. 2 and 3 are perspective views schematically showing the ferroelectric liquid crystal used in the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal device, FIG. 5 is a schematic explanatory diagram showing the state of alignment defects that appear in a conventional ferroelectric liquid crystal device, and FIGS. FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing a process of forming color pixels. 1, 40-... Ferroelectric liquid crystal element 2, 3, 41.42.61-... Substrate 4, 47-
...Ferroelectric liquid crystal 5, 6, 43.44--Transparent electrode 7, 8, 4
5.46--Orientation control film 9, 48.68--Protective film (planarization 5) 10, 67--Light shielding layer

Claims (6)

[Claims] (1) A ferroelectric liquid crystal element in which a ferroelectric liquid crystal is sandwiched between a pair of parallel substrates on which transparent electrodes are formed, and a color filter is provided between at least one of the transparent electrodes and the substrate,
The color filter of each pixel is formed to almost the same thickness by a photolithography process of a colored resin, which is made by dispersing a colored material in a polyamino resin having a photosensitive group in its molecules, and a transparent pattern is formed on the color filter. A ferroelectric liquid crystal element characterized by being formed by sequentially laminating electrodes and alignment control films. (2) The ferroelectric liquid crystal device according to claim 1, wherein the polyamino resin is an aromatic polyamide resin or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule. (3) The ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a protective film is provided between the color filter layer and the transparent electrode. (4) In the recesses between the pixels of the color filter, a light-shielding layer pattern is formed by a photolithography process of a light-shielding resin made by dispersing a light-shielding material in an aromatic polyamide resin or polyimide resin having a photosensitive group in the molecule. 4. A ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to claim 1, wherein the transparent electrode is formed to have a thickness substantially equal to that of a pixel, and the surface on which the transparent electrode is formed is substantially flat. (5) A light-shielding layer made of a metal material is provided in the recess between the pixels of the color filter to have a thickness substantially equal to that of each pixel, and the surface on which the transparent electrode is formed is substantially flattened. A ferroelectric liquid crystal device according to any one of items 1 to 3. (6) A patent in which a light shielding layer is formed by overlapping a portion of each two adjacent pixels of the color filter, and a smoothing film is provided on the color filter, so that the surface on which the transparent electrode is formed is substantially flattened. A ferroelectric liquid crystal element according to claim 1 or 2.