JPS6356546B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a player guidance method for guiding a player when playing a keyboard instrument.

<Prior Art> Among currently known displays for keyboard instruments, there is one that guides the player in playing by informing the player of the next key position to be pressed in advance.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> However, in the above-mentioned conventional method, the position of the fingers to press the keys is determined, but the so-called fingering method involves moving the hand during the performance or pressing the keys while stopped. I couldn't find any way to play it.

Needless to say, keyboard instruments such as the piano, organ, and reed organ are played according to various fingering methods, but in this case, the individual fingerings, that is, the instructions for each of the five fingers of the hand, are For example, it is necessary to first determine the position of the hand based on the thumb. At the same time, it would be preferable to be instructed as to how far the little finger extends based on the current hand position based on the thumb. For example, if this range is one octave, then counting from the key corresponding to the thumb and including the black key, there are 13
The key corresponds to the position of the little finger. If this range is displayed as a five-finger opening/closing range with the thumb or little finger as the axis, the performer only has to place his/her hand within that range, and as long as the five-finger opening/closing range does not move, You don't have to move your hands. If the key press instruction falls outside this range, a new five-finger opening/closing range is specified, and the player moves his/her hand position to that range to play. Therefore, when a beginner plays according to the fingering method, there is no need to uselessly move the hands as in the past. Further, according to the present invention, since the opening/closing range of the five fingers is indicated each time a key is pressed down, the performance is performed smoothly. Moreover, if the key to be pressed next is specified separately within the opening/closing range of the five fingers described above, the performance will be performed even more smoothly.

The embodiment described below is an example in which the opening/closing range of five fingers and the key to be pressed next are specified.

<Example> Next, the present invention will be explained in detail with reference to the drawings.

In Figures 1 and 2a, an elongated mounting plate P that also serves as a keyboard holder is installed horizontally in the vicinity where the keyboard holder of a conventional piano was attached, and a long and narrow mounting plate P that also serves as a keyboard holder is installed on top of the mounting plate P, spanning the entire width of the 88-key piano. A light emitting diode row D is arranged (the keyboard holder may be left as is, and a separate mounting plate may be provided above it). The diode row D includes light emitting diodes D1~
It consists of D88, and each light emitting diode corresponds to each of the 88 keys on the piano. Each light emitting diode may correspond to the key 15 required for actual performance, and in this case, the number of light emitting diodes is reduced. In Figure 1, 11 is 1 written on the musical score.
Magnetic tape, floppy disk sheet, perforated tape, for converting the position of each note and the corresponding opening/closing range of the five fingers into a binary code;
a well-known input medium such as a magnetic card; 12 an interface circuit for matching voltage levels; 1;
Reference numeral 3 indicates a control circuit for the electronic computer, and reference numeral 13' indicates a switch circuit, which includes a lamp for indicating that input to the storage device 14 has been completed, and a start switch. When the performer confirms the input completion indicator lamp and presses the start switch in this switch circuit, the control circuit 13 is activated and the melodies of the music, which are the stored contents, are activated from the first and second blocks of the storage device 14. The first note of the part and the corresponding 5 on the right hand.
The opening/closing range of the fingers, the first note of the accompaniment section (if any) and the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the left hand relative to it are read out as described below. 14 is a storage device of the electronic computer. As shown in FIG. 5a, the control circuit 13 detects a switch state detection circuit 90 for detecting the pressing or pressing of a key by a player, or the release of a pressed key, and the storage device 14 in response to the detection circuit 90. The system sequentially reads from the storage device 14 the notes to be played simultaneously in the melody part and the accompaniment part, and the binary code information of the opening/closing range of the five fingers corresponding to the notes to be played simultaneously in the melody part and the accompaniment part, and displays the light emitting diode corresponding to the key to be pressed next after the melody part. One or more of D1 to D88 is made to emit light particularly brightly, and the corresponding light emitting diode within the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the right hand is made to emit light a little darker than that, and then the key to be pressed next to the accompaniment section is It is particularly provided with a drive circuit 80 for causing one or more of the corresponding light emitting diodes D1 to D88 to emit light particularly brightly, and for causing the corresponding light emitting diodes in the left hand range to emit light a little darker than the corresponding light emitting diodes D1 to D88.

The interface circuit 12, the control circuit 13, the switch circuit 13', and the storage device 14 form an integral component of a small computer and are attached to the piano. Conductive wires for connection and connection cords to each of the diodes D1 to D88 are drawn out from the control circuit 13, respectively.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3d, a description will be given of a device for detecting that the performer has pressed down or released a pressed key, for example, in the melody section.
Note that although FIGS. 3a to 3d illustrate the diode D1, other diodes D2 to D88
The same is true for 1 in Figures 3a and 3b
The part surrounded by the dotted chain line is switch S1 in Fig. 5a.
It is an optical sensor type or magnetic sensor type non-contact switch assembly that can be attached and detached by a single unit with a socket on the board, and is a part corresponding to S2 to S88.
The same is true. Figures 3c and 3d are diagrams explaining the principle of this contactless switch assembly.
Corresponding to figures a and 3b, the figures respectively show the state before the player presses a certain key 15 and the state after the player presses it. In Figure 3c, the light emitting diode
Before the key 15 is pressed down with a finger, the light beam generated from PD1 passes through lenses l1 and l2 and reaches the photodetector diode.
The light is received by PD2, and the current from the +B power supply is grounded through the light receiving diode PD2, and the control circuit 13
No control signal is sent to the switch state detection circuit 90 (switch S1 is closed). When the key 15 is pressed down and the state shown in Fig. 3b is reached, the light emitting diode PD
The light beam from 1 is no longer received by the photodetector diode PD2, and the control signal from the +B power supply is transmitted to the 3d
As shown in the figure, the signal flows to the switch state detection circuit 90 of the control circuit 13 (switch S1 is open).

The control circuit 13, represented as a block in FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5e, and 5f, has a switch state detection circuit 90, which is connected to ground through switches S1 to S88 and connected through a pull-up resistor circuit 100. For example, it is connected to a 5V positive power supply.

Switch S1 opens when the key is pressed down and closes when the key is released, so the voltage at the connection point J in Figures 3c and 3d changes from 0V to 5V at the moment of depression and from 5V to 0V at the moment of release. Each changes to Therefore, if the switch state detection circuit 90 generates a control signal (binary "1") when it detects the positive transition state of the control signal, the moment the switch is pressed is detected;
Control signal (binary "0") when negative transition state is detected
If it is set to occur, the moment the pressed key is released is detected.

When the performer presses down the keys of, for example, the first block (melody part) and the second block (accompaniment part), and a binary signal "1" is generated in the detection circuit 90, the control circuit 13 selects the next block in the storage device 14. That is, the third block (melody part) and the fourth block (accompaniment part)
(See FIG. 6) (The following explanation also applies to the case where the performer presses the start switch of the switch circuit). 1 and 2a, each block of the storage device 14 includes, for example, D55 to D67 (for one octave) of the 88 light emitting diodes D1 to D88, in order to specify the range of the right hand and the position of the key to be pressed. It includes a command for causing the light-emitting diodes D57 and D60 to emit light weakly and emitting light strongly, for example. The control circuit 13 reads and executes these commands, causes the light emitting diodes D55 to D67 corresponding to the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the right hand to emit light to display it, and causes the light emitting diodes D57 and D60 to emit strong light. Indicates the position of the key to be pressed. For the accompaniment part, for example, the light emitting diodes D35 to D47 included in the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the left hand are made to emit light, and among them, the light emitting diode D37, which corresponds to the key to be pressed,
Make D39 emit strong light.

FIG. 5a shows the configuration of the control circuit 13 for the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2a, and this control circuit includes the above-mentioned switch state detection circuit 90 and drive circuit 80. The anodes of the light emitting diodes D1 to D88 are connected to the +B power supply, and the cathodes are connected to the transistor.
It is connected to the collectors of TR1 to TR88, and the bases of transistors TR1 and TR88 are connected to the terminal T1 of the drive circuit 80 through diodes with the polarity shown.
- are connected to T88 separately. Control circuit 13
For example, when detecting the depression of a key corresponding to a certain note in the melody part, the light emitting diodes corresponding to the next note in the melody part, for example, D57, D60, and a group included in the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the right hand. The light emitting diodes D55 to D67, for example, are read out from the storage device 14 and the corresponding terminal T55 is read out.
- Increase the voltage of T67 from OV to +24V, for example. It is necessary for diodes D57 and D60 to emit light more strongly than the others, but in order to do so,
Transistors TR57, TR60 and transistors TR55, TR56, TR58, TR59, TR
By changing the impulse coefficient of the pulse controlling the bases of transistors TR57 and TR61 for the same frequency, for example, 1000 pulses/second,
The pulse width applied to the base of transistor TR60 is made larger than the pulse width applied to the base of the other transistors mentioned above, and transistors TR57 and TR60 are
For example, if the impulse coefficient of the pulse applied to the base of is 90
%, so that the impact coefficient of the pulse applied to the base of the other transistor is, for example, 10%. In that case, diodes D57, D60
diodes emit light for a longer period of time than other diodes, so they appear brighter. As is well known, this difference in impact coefficient can be set during programming, and will not be described in detail here, but
88 (here, terminal T5
7, T60 and T55, T56, T58, T59,
This is done by commanding the on-state and off-state of T61 to T67) at different ratios corresponding to the desired impact coefficient values.

For the accompaniment section played with the left hand, for example, the light emitting diode D35 indicates the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the left hand.
~ D47 and the light emitting diodes D37 and D39 indicating the next key to be pressed emit light in the same way.

In addition, if you do not specify the position of the next key to be pressed, but specify only the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the right and left hands, and a group of light emitting diodes included in that range emit light, the bases of transistors TR55 to TR67 Since the impact coefficient of the control pulse need only be a constant value, programming is simplified. In addition, some songs do not require an accompaniment section played by the left hand, and in such cases, it is sufficient to simply cause a group of light emitting diodes included in the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the right hand to emit light one after another, making programming easier. further simplified.

According to a modified embodiment of the present invention, known light emitting diodes capable of emitting light in two colors are used as the light emitting diodes D1 to D88, and the same light emitting diodes emit light in red, for example, for the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the melody part. However, for the opening/closing range of the five fingers of the accompaniment section, the same light emitting diode emits green light, for example, and for the keys of the melody section, the light emitting diodes corresponding to that key emit light particularly brightly in red; The light emitting diode corresponding to that key emits particularly bright green light. In this case,
The circuit shown in Figure 5b is used. D1-1 is a red light emitting diode, D1-2 is a green light emitting diode, and terminals T1-1, T1- of the control circuit 13
2 as shown in the diagram, the terminal T1
By selectively applying a control voltage of, for example, +24V to -1 and T1-2 corresponding to the voltage of the +B power supply, the red light emitting diode D1-1 or the green light emitting diode D1-2 emits light. Light emitting diodes that emit light in two colors are well known, and their external form and internal circuitry are illustrated in Figures 5c and 5d, respectively.

According to yet another modified embodiment of the present invention, light emitting diodes capable of selectively emitting light in two colors are similarly used, and the opening and closing of each of the five fingers of the melody section played with the right hand and the accompaniment section played with the left hand is performed. The light emitting diodes corresponding to the keys of the melody part and accompaniment part to be pressed next are made to emit red light. In this case as well, the control circuit shown in FIG. 5b is used.

According to a further variant embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 2b, a row of light emitting diodes D denoting the range of the right and left hands and a row of light emitting diodes D' denoting the position of the key to be pressed next are used. It will be done. The light emitting diode row D includes, for example, green light emitting diodes D1 to D88, which are combined with each of the 88 keys of the piano (or only the keys necessary for playing), and a light emitting diode row.
D' also consists of, for example, red light emitting diodes D'1 to D'88 associated with each of the 88 keys of the piano (or only the keys necessary for performance). In this embodiment as well, when the detection circuit 90 detects that the player has pressed down a key or released a pressed key, the control circuit 13 is activated, and the area between the left and right hands is illuminated by a green light emitting diode, for example. D35-D4
7. Instruct by light emission of D55 to D67, and also indicate the position of the key to be pressed with the left and right hand using light emitting diodes, e.g. D'37, D'39, D'57, D'6
Indicates by emitting 0 light. The control circuit used in this embodiment is formed by a switch state detection circuit 90 and drive circuits 80, 80', as shown in FIG. control. When the detection circuit 90 detects that the player presses the start button, or that the player presses down a key, or releases a key that has been pressed down, the detection circuit 90 detects a note in the melody section and accompaniment section that should be pressed next. The key and the corresponding range of the hand are light emitting diodes D
1 to D88 and D'1 to D'88.

Figure 4a is a simple musical score example for playing the accompaniment part with the left hand, and shows the case where the note jumps from the “G” note to the “E” note, which is one octave higher. The arrow indicates the direction of movement of the display area, and therefore the actual represents the direction of movement of the arm. Figure 4b is a simple musical score example for playing the melody section with the right hand, showing the case where the note jumps from the “G” note to “E” one octave higher, and the arrow indicates the direction of movement of the display area, and therefore the actual direction. It shows the direction of arm movement.

In addition, in the case of monochromatic strong and weak light emission (Figures 2a and 5a),
In the embodiment, when the right hand range and the left hand range are continuous, the leftmost light emitting diode in the right hand range is controlled on and off by the control circuit 13 so that it can be identified. . If the range of the right hand and the range of the left hand temporarily overlap, it cannot be distinguished by blinking, but it can be distinguished by the overall movement of the range display portions of the left and right hands.

After the right hand range and left hand range are separated laterally again, identification is performed again as described above.
In the example of two-color strong and weak light emission (Figures 2a and 5b), even if the right hand range and the left hand range are consecutive, they can be distinguished because the colors are different, and if they temporarily overlap, the red and green.

In the embodiment of FIGS. 2a and 2b, instead of the single-light display using the light emitting diodes of the light emitting diode array D', the light emitting diodes are combined in the shape of a musical note, and one or more of the light emitting diodes is selectively emitted. It may also be possible to display notes ranging from whole notes to 32 notes. In this case as well, in response to the performer pressing the start button, or in response to pressing or releasing a key that responded to a note in the melody or accompaniment part during performance, the performer presses the next key. The keys of the melody section and accompaniment section to be lowered are displayed by light emitting diodes that emit light in the shape of musical notes.
This configuration is shown in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 160492/1983 of the present applicant.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2b, the light emitting time of the light emitting diodes D'1 to D'88 indicating the position of the key to be pressed may be controlled in accordance with the length of the note.

In each of the above-mentioned embodiments, a light emitting diode is used as a light emitting element, but instead of a light emitting diode, a lamp, a liquid crystal fluorescent display, or any other known element that emits light when a current flows can be used. May be used.

In addition, musical notes are coded in advance and stored in a fixed storage device such as a programmable read-only memory or a core memory, and this is used as the storage device 14, and the control circuit 13 stores the musical notes from this fixed storage device during performance.
The performance data is sent one after another to the light emitting diode array D,
It can also be displayed in D′. This storage device is attached as a memory cassette to a cassette attachment point of an operation panel of an electronic computer (into which main parts of the computer such as the control circuit 13 and the storage device 14 are incorporated).

In addition, as described above, when the light-emitting diodes D1 to D88 are used to simply display the location where the performer should place his/her hand next without displaying the key to be pressed, the position of the key to be pressed is displayed by emitting light. It may be set during programming so that the diode is not displayed.

Furthermore, when practicing a simple piece of music, the accompaniment section will not be played, so the light emitting diode array of the accompaniment section and its related control circuitry do not need to be installed from the beginning, and even if they are installed. It is also possible to disable these functions during programming.

<Effects of the Invention> As described above, according to the present invention, a key display section for a song in which the melody part and the accompaniment part are sequentially played;
Corresponding to this sequential performance display, the five-finger opening/closing range display section, which displays the range from the thumb to the little finger, is displayed at the same time, so you can simply press the keys necessary to play the song. In addition to showing keys, you can also practice how to carry your five fingers along with your wrist. Specifically, the key depression display of a song and the five-finger opening/closing range display can be distinguished by the intensity of light, color, blinking light, or the like.

When playing a piece of music, the fingers other than those currently pressing the key must always be opened to the most efficient position in preparation for the next keystroke, otherwise the next keystroke cannot be made instantaneously. Furthermore, during performance, if the difference in pitch between the pressed keys becomes to some extent high, the wrist must always move along with the pressed keys. In the present invention, with the above configuration, the opening/closing range of five fingers is displayed in addition to the next key pressing position depending on the key pressed, so that the opening/closing range of the fingers for the next key pressing and the pitch adjustment are displayed. It is possible to confirm the movement position due to change in advance, and it is possible to practice key presses using the most efficient technique, which has an effect that cannot be obtained with the conventional performance method that simply displays the key presses. .

As described above, according to the present invention, since the range in which the hands should be placed on both sides of the key position to be pressed is specified, the hands do not have to be moved unnecessarily during the performance, and furthermore, programming can be performed appropriately. This has the effect of making it easier to learn the most suitable way to move the hands when playing a keyboard instrument.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an auxiliary device used in a method for guiding a performer according to a first embodiment of the present invention together with a keyboard instrument, the electronic computer part is shown by a block diagram, and FIGS. 2a and 2b are Explanatory diagram showing the light emitting diode array used in each embodiment of the player guidance method according to the present invention together with a part of the keyboard, 3rd
Figures 3c and 3b are schematic side views showing a detection circuit for detecting when a player presses down a key or releases a pressed key, respectively, before or after pressing down the key; Figures 3c and 3d; The figures are a detailed view of the area surrounded by the dashed-dotted line in Figures 3a and 3b, and 4a and 4, respectively.
Figure b is a schematic explanatory diagram showing examples of scores for playing with the left and right hands, respectively. Figure 5a is a schematic arrangement diagram of a control circuit used in the case of monochrome dynamic display. Figure 5b is used in the case of two-color dynamic display. Schematic arrangement diagram of control circuit, fifth
Figure c is a perspective view of a light emitting diode that emits light in two colors;
Fig. 5d is an internal circuit diagram thereof, Fig. 5e is a schematic arrangement diagram of the control circuit used in the embodiment of Fig. 2b, and Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing the storage contents of the storage device in the embodiment of Fig. 2a. It is. D, D'...Light-emitting diode row (5-finger opening/closing range display section and key display section), 80...Drive circuit (5-finger opening/closing range display section and key display section)
finger opening/closing range control unit and key display unit operation control device), 90...detection circuit (detection device).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A five-finger opening/closing range display section disposed near the keyboard section so as to extend in the width direction over all keys necessary for playing a predetermined piece of music; a key display unit that is combined with one key for each of all the necessary keys; a detection device that detects when the performer presses down a key or releases a pressed key when playing the music;
A method for guiding a player using an auxiliary device for guiding a player of a keyboard instrument, comprising an operation control device for the five-finger opening/closing range display section and an operation control device for the key display section. , when the detection device detects that the performer has pressed down a certain key during performance or released the pressed key, the position of the key to be pressed next is displayed by the key display section. As well as operating the operation control device of the key display section,
The operation control device of the five-finger opening/closing range display section is controlled so that the opening/closing range of the five fingers corresponding to the key to be pressed next is displayed from the thumb to the little finger by the five-finger opening/closing range display section. A method for guiding a performer, characterized by causing the performer to move. 2. Claims characterized in that, as the opening/closing range display section for the five fingers, one row of light emitting elements consisting of light emitting elements of the same color corresponding to each key necessary for playing the music is used. The method for guiding a performer according to paragraph 1. 3. As a 5-finger opening/closing range display section and key display section,
By using one row of light-emitting elements consisting of light-emitting elements of the same color corresponding to each key necessary for playing the above-mentioned music, and by emitting light from the above-mentioned light-emitting elements strongly or weakly, the opening/closing range of the five fingers can be adjusted. 2. The player guidance method according to claim 1, wherein the player guidance method is characterized in that the key positions are displayed separately. 4. The above-mentioned opening/closing range display section for the five fingers uses one row of light-emitting elements each consisting of light-emitting elements capable of emitting light in two colors corresponding to each key necessary for playing a piece of music. The method for guiding a performer according to scope 1. 5. As a 5-finger opening/closing range display section and key display section,
Using one row of light emitting elements consisting of light emitting elements capable of emitting light in two colors corresponding to each key necessary for playing a piece of music, and determining whether the light emitting elements emit light strongly or weakly, or emit light in different colors. 2. The player guidance method according to claim 1, wherein the opening/closing range of the five fingers and the key position are displayed separately.