JPS6365146B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention provides a keyboard instrument such as a piano, an organ, and a reed organ with a movable display board each having an appropriate number of indicators for displaying the pitch and length of the note. This invention relates to a semi-automatic playing device for a keyboard instrument, which plays according to instructions on a board display.

Pianos and other keyboard instruments have long been known to have an electronic computer that stores musical scores attached to them so that they automatically play the songs stored in the storage device, but with this device, humans cannot play the piano. This is an inconvenience.

When playing accompaniment chords in addition to the melody on a keyboard instrument, a chord display device that indicates only the key of the chord was developed, for example, in 1973.
-42169. This code display device consists of a plurality of melody switches that are driven by each melody key when operated, a matrix circuit in which each of the switches is connected to a vertical line, and an output line of this matrix circuit that is connected to each other and lights up when the switch is output. and an indicator light corresponding to each pitch of at least one octave, and when the melody switch is driven by operation of the melody key, the matrix circuit lights up the indicator light of the chord key corresponding to the pitch of the melody key. I'm starting to let them do it.

Although this display device allows the right hand to play a melody with single notes, it is difficult to play the chords that match the melody with the left hand, so this display device displays only the chords to be played with the left hand arranged in correspondence with these keys. This is displayed using lights.

With this display device, it is necessary to be able to play at least the melody while looking at the score.
It cannot be used by people who cannot read music scores or who cannot associate keys with notes. Furthermore, it is very difficult to search for indicator lights indicating the keys of the accompaniment section and hit those keys while playing the melody section with the right hand. Moreover, the difficulty becomes even greater especially when two or more keys are struck at the same time as a chord.

The present applicant proposed a semi-automatic performance device for keyboard instruments to eliminate this defect (Japanese Patent Application No. 1983-
No. 121427). This semi-automatic performance device based on the earlier application is
In a keyboard instrument, one indicator is combined with each key required for playing the melody part of a certain piece of music, one automatic keying device is combined with each key required for playing the accompaniment part, and the display unit When the performer successively presses the keys corresponding to the notes of the melody part according to the display, the automatic key-pressing device is activated one after another, so that the accompaniment part is automatically played at the same time.

In the semi-automatic musical instrument according to this prior application, the player only has to press the keys in accordance with the successive indications on the display, and can play with only the index finger, for example, so that it is not possible to learn fingering techniques. When practicing keyboard instruments, especially the piano, fingering is especially important, and 5-5 is always practiced.
For example, each finger is assigned to one octave of keys, and for example, in the case of the right hand, the key that each finger should play is determined, such as the thumb for the "C" sound, the index finger for the "D" sound, etc. be. Therefore, the earlier application is
Although it has brought about excellent improvements in learning notes and other aspects of piano practice over known techniques,
This method is insufficient in terms of learning the fingering method, is not suitable for piano practice as the arm cannot keep up with the information displayed on all the display devices, and has the drawbacks of being expensive.

In order to further improve this point, the present invention incorporates multiple indicators for the range that can be played with five fingers of a hand, for example, one octave, into a movable display board, and each indicator corresponds to a plurality of keyboard instruments. When the display on the movable display board indicates the key corresponding to the next note, and the next note is outside the display area of the movable display board at that time, the movable display board moves the required distance, for example, one octave. If the instrument is equipped with an automatic key-pressing device and its energizing device so that the player can perform the music by pressing the indicated keys while moving his/her hand according to the movable display board. In this system, either the melody section or the accompaniment section is automatically played.

Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in which the semi-automatic performance device of the present invention is attached to an 88-key piano and the player plays according to instructions on a note display.

In Figures 1, 2, 3a, and 3b, in the vicinity where the conventional piano keyboard holder was attached,
A channel-shaped guide rail 25 is fixed to the piano over the entire width of the piano. Guide rail 2
5 also serves as a conventional keyboard presser. A movable display plate 16 for the right hand and a movable display plate 16' for the left hand are disposed on the guide rail 25 so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. The display plates 16, 16' are engaged with the guide rails 25 by the trochanters r, r' attached to the movable display plates 16, 16' via the trochanter shaft mounting bases 27, and the display plates 16, 16' are connected to the left and right sides. to prevent it from tilting forward due to its own weight. In FIG. 2, wires and other rigging Wr connected to the display board 16 at point A are wound around pulleys P1 and P2, and then connected to the display board 16 at point R, and the display board 16' The rigging Wr' connected at point C is wound around pulleys P3 and P4, and then connected to the display plate 16' at point D.
Pulleys P2 and P3 are each driven by a pulse motor M
1, is fixed to the output shaft of M2.

The movable display boards 16, 16' have a width at least equal to the width of five white keys on a piano, for example, and each of the eight keys included in the width includes five white keys and three black keys. Musical note display 16- at the corresponding position
1,16-2 to 16-8 and 16'-1,16'-
2, . . . 16'-8. However, the width of the display plates 16, 16' may be equal to the width of one octave, or eight white keys, and in fact this is even more advantageous. 16-1 and 16'-1 indicate the positions of the thumbs of the hands. Musical note display 16-
1 to 16-8, 16' 1 to 16'-8 are formed by arranging eight sets of light emitting diodes a to h each in the shape of a musical note, as shown in Fig. 4a, in a resin molded body. The terminals are integrally molded with the diodes a to h, and terminals are drawn out from each of the diodes a to h. The resin molded body is a resin molded body 22 which is the main body of the movable display board 16.
(See Figure 4b) are lined up in the horizontally elongated recess 24' and fixed at key intervals with adhesive or the like, and each diode a to
Necessary conductive wires such as conductive wires a'-1 to h'-8 are drawn out from h and connected to the drive circuit 80 of the control circuit 13 (see FIG. 5a). Although not shown in the figure, the movable display board 16' and the note display bodies 16'-1 to 16'-8 also
It has the same structure as 8.

In addition, in the present invention, although two movable display boards 16, 16' for the right hand and the left hand are shown on one guide rail 25 in FIG. By arranging the right-hand and left-hand movable display boards 16, 16', it is possible to prevent the movable display boards from colliding with each other even if they cross each other during performance. At this time, motors M1, M2 and pulleys P1, P3,
Of course, P2, P4, etc. are connected to the right-hand and left-hand movable display boards on the two guide rails.

In Figure 1, 11 is 1 written on the musical score.
Well-known human power media such as magnetic tape, floppy disc, disk sheet, perforated tape, magnetic card, etc. for converting the pitch and length of a note, the strength and weakness of a musical piece, the speed of performance, etc. into binary codes; 12 is a voltage Interface circuit for level matching, 13
13 is a control circuit for the electronic computer, and 13' is a switch circuit, which includes a lamp for indicating that input to the storage device 14 has been completed, and a start switch. When the performer checks the input completion indicator lamp and presses the start switch in this switch circuit, the control circuit 13 is activated and the stored contents of the first note of the melody part of the song and accompaniment are transferred from the storage device 14. The first note of the section (if any) is read out as described below. 14 is a storage device of the electronic computer. As shown in FIGS. 5a and 5b, the control circuit 13 detects a switch state detection circuit 90 for detecting a key press or depression or release of a depressed key by a performer, and a storage device in response to the detection circuit 90. 1
The binary code information of the notes to be played simultaneously in the melody part stored in the memory device 14 is sequentially read out from the storage device 14 and displayed on the note display bodies 16-1 to 16-1 as described later.
A driving circuit 80 that operates the light emitting diodes a to h of 6-8, and eight display bodies 16-1 to 16- on movable display boards 16 and 16', which indicate the key corresponding to the next note at a certain point in time during performance. 8,16'-1~1
The movable display plates 16, 16' are provided with moving device energizing circuits 300, 301 for moving the movable display plates 16, 16' by an appropriate distance when they do not correspond to the display panels 6'-8, respectively (this distance may be equal to 5 white keys). (can be freely determined during programming).

The interface circuit 12, the control circuit 13, the switch circuit 13', and the storage device 14 form an integral component of a small computer and are attached to the piano, and the interface circuit 12 is connected to an external input medium 11. and control circuit 1.
3, connection cords to the bottom surfaces 23 of the movable display panels 16, 16' are pulled out, respectively.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 3a to 3d, a description will be given of a device for detecting that the performer has pressed down or released a pressed key, for example, in the melody section.
Although FIGS. 3a to 3d show one musical note display body 16-1 of the movable display board 16, the movable display board 1
6 other note display bodies 16-2 to 16-8 and note display bodies 16'-1 to 16'-8 of the movable display board 16'
It also has exactly the same structure. Third
The part surrounded by the one-dot chain line in Figures a and 3b corresponds to the switch S1 in Figure 5a, and is a contactless switch assembly of optical sensor type or magnetic sensor type that can be attached and detached by a socket on the board. The same applies to S2 to S8. Alternatively,
Switches similar to switches S1 to S8 may be attached to all keys used for performance. 3rd c.
3d is a diagram explaining the principle of this non-contact switch assembly, which corresponds to FIGS. 3a and 3b, respectively, and shows the state before and after the player presses a certain white key 15, respectively. There is. In Fig. 3c, the light beam generated from the light emitting diode PD1 is
Before the key 15 is pressed down with a finger, the light is received by the photodetector diode PD2 through the lenses l1 and l2, and the current from the +B power source is grounded via the photodetector diode PD2, and the switch state detection circuit 90 of the control circuit 13
No control signal is sent (switch S1 closed). When the key 15 is pressed down and the state shown in Fig. 3b is reached,
The light beam from the light emitting diode PD1 is no longer received by the light receiving diode PD2, and the control signal from the +B power supply flows to the switch state detection circuit 90 of the control circuit 13 as shown in FIG. 3d (switch S1 is open).

The control circuit 13, represented as a block in FIGS. 5a-d, has a switch state detection circuit 90 which is connected to ground via switches S1 to S8 and connected to a pull-up resistor circuit 100.
For example, it is connected to the positive power supply of 5V through the .

Switch S1 opens when the key is pressed down and closes when the key is released, so the voltage at the connection point J in Figures 3c and 3d changes from 0V to 5V at the moment of depression and from 5V to 0V at the moment of release. Each changes to Therefore, if the switch state detection circuit 90 generates a control signal (binary "1") when it detects a positive transition state of the control signal, the next display will be displayed when the switch is pressed down, and the negative transition state will be displayed. If the control signal binary "1" is generated when the state is detected, the next display will be shown when the pressed key is released.

The control circuit 13 sends a binary signal “1” to the detection circuit 90.
When this occurs, reading of the next block in the storage device 14, such as the third block of the melody section (see FIG. 9) and the fourth block of the accompaniment section (if any) is started. In reading this block, when the data of the notes in the melody part is read out, the control circuit 13
is one conductor of the key position designation part of the drive circuit 80,
For example, the conductors a'-1, b'-1 of the note length specification part...
A control signal is sent to the selected one among h'-1 and to the terminals of energizing circuits 300 and 301, which will be described later.

Next, the display device, that is, the note display body 16-1 to 16-
8, 16'-1 to 16'-8 will be explained. Although only the note display body 16-1 will be explained here, other note display bodies 16-2 to 16-8, 1
6'-1 to 16'-8 also have a similar configuration.

A musical score representing one piece of music includes the treble clef as a note symbol, notes and rests, dotted notes, speed indicators,
Various symbols are used, such as dynamic signals and idea markers, but the most basic of these are musical notes, which represent pitch and length. Musical notes include whole notes, half notes, quarter notes, eighth notes, 16th notes, and 32nd notes, which are used to express the length of a sound. Represented by symbols. This is visually displayed by selectively causing the eight light emitting diodes a to h shown in FIG. 4a to emit light according to a predetermined combination. In other words, a whole note uses only light emitting diode b, a half note uses light emitting diodes b, f, and a quarter note uses light emitting diodes a, f, and 8.
A diacritic note is displayed by light-emitting diodes a, f, c, a 16th note by light-emitting diodes a, f, c, d, and a 32nd note by light-emitting diodes a, f, c, d, e, respectively. In the musical note display body 16-1 shown in FIGS. 4a and 8, the light emitting diodes a to h are embedded in the resin molded body according to the arrangement shown in the figures. For example, diode a has a round shape, diode b has a round shape, and diode b has a round shape. Each has the shape of a ring around it. Other diodes c to h are similarly embedded in the resin molded body. Eight lead terminals and a +B voltage terminal (described later) are drawn out from each of the light emitting diodes a to h as shown in the figure and connected to the control circuit 13, so that the diodes a to h follow the binary information read out by the control circuit 13. selectively driven.
g and h are light emitting diodes representing dotted notes. In this example, for simplicity, we will limit the different length levels to a total of 12 types: whole notes, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 32 notes, and each dotted note. This requires 4 binary bits. Since the number of note display bodies on the movable display board is eight, three binary bits are required to specify them. When displaying the pitch and length of one note, the total number of bits for one note is 4+3=7 bits.

Note that if, for example, five notes are to be played simultaneously in the melody section, these notes will be displayed simultaneously on the display bodies 16-1 to 16-8, so the required number of bits will be 3× 5+4=19
(In this case, each note has the same length.)

The operation of the display actuator or drive circuit 80 shown in FIGS. 5a and 6 will now be described. Fifth
Figure a shows musical note display bodies 16-1 to 16 on the display board 16.
-8 is shown, but the display body 16'-1 to 1
6'-8 also has a similar configuration. In FIG. 5a, the rightmost block is the control circuit 13 of FIG. 1, and the drive circuit 80 located approximately in the center of this block houses eight conductive wires, each of which connects to the musical note display bodies 16-1 to 16-16. -8 is connected to the bases of the transistors TR1 to TR8 combined as shown in the figure. The figure shows eight display bodies 16-1 to 16-1.
Of the 16-8, only two 16-1 and 16-8 are shown. To explain only the display body 16-1, one of the eight conductive wires at the lower end of the drive circuit 80 is connected to the base of the transistor TR1 via a diode 50 of the polarity shown in the figure, and the connection between the diode 50 and the base of the transistor TR1 is connected to the base of the transistor TR1. The point between is connected to the transistor TR via the bias resistor 51.
Connected to the conductor connecting the 1 and +B power supplies. This conductor connects all transistors TR1 to TR as shown.
Connect so that they are common to 8.

A total of eight conductive wires at the bottom of the drive circuit 80 are key position specifying sections, and upon detecting the depression of a key corresponding to a certain note in the melody section and accompaniment section, the control circuit 13 selects the melody section and accompaniment section. The key position of the next note of the section is read out, and a voltage is applied only to the conductor corresponding to the key selected by this readout, and for example, the transistor TR1 becomes conductive. On the other hand, eight conductive wires a′-1,
b'-1...h'-1 are resistors R1a, R1b...
It is connected to the display body 16-1 via R1h, and forms a note length designation section. In addition, other display bodies 16-2 to 16-8, for example display body 16-8
Also, connect the eight conductor wires to resistors R8a and R8b, respectively.
...The conductor a'-8 of the drive circuit 80 through R8h
Connect to h'-8. If the note being read is a quarter note, light emitting diodes a and f are energized.
In FIG. 6, the cathode sides of the light emitting diodes a to h of the display body 16-1 are connected to the collectors of eight common-emitter transistors 41 via resistors R1a to R1h, respectively, and the base potential of the transistors 41 is controlled by the control circuit 13. controlled. With the control circuit 13 selecting the note display 16-1, a control voltage is applied from the control circuit 13 to the base of the transistor 41 combined with the light emitting diodes a and h. Since the transistor TR1 is conductive as described above, the display body 1 connected to this transistor TR1
At 6-1, only the light emitting diodes a and f connected to the conductors a'-1 and f'-1 emit light to indicate that it is a quarter note. Therefore, the display body 16 in FIG.
A quarter note is displayed at -1,
The player presses the white key 15 corresponding to this display 16-1.
Press down for a period of time equivalent to a quarter note, for example, 1 second. Note that this pressing time is not limited to one second, but can be set to any appropriate time desired by the performer.

If, instead of using eight light emitting diodes a to h to display the shape of a musical note, a combination of light emitting diodes or lamps D1 to D8, one for each key, is used as the display, the circuit shown in FIG. 5a may be used. The circuit of FIG. 5b is used instead.

The following explanation will be made regarding the display attached to the movable display board 16, but the movable display board 16' has exactly the same structure. In FIG. 5b, the indicator includes light emitting diodes a~
Instead of h, the anode of one light emitting diode or lamp D1-D8 is connected to +B power supply, the cathode is connected to the collector of transistor TR'1-TR'8, and the base of transistor TR'1-TR'8 are individually connected to terminals T'1 to T'8 of the control circuit 13 via diodes with the polarities shown. When the control circuit 13 detects depression of a key corresponding to a certain note in the accompaniment part or melody part, it reads the key position of the note corresponding to the next note in the accompaniment part or melody part from the storage device 14, Corresponding terminal
The voltage of one of T'1 to T'8, for example T'8, is increased from, for example, 0V to +24V. As a result, a base voltage is applied to the base of the transistor TR8, the transistor TR8 becomes conductive, and the light emitting diode D8 lights up, indicating the position of the key to be pressed next. In this case, the length of the notes is not displayed, but if the music is well known to the performer, the player presses the designated key for an appropriate amount of time. The control circuit 13 detects this depression or release of the depressed key and starts reading out the next note as described above. However, the light emitting diodes can also be flashed at specific intervals to indicate the length of the note. In this case as well, the type of note is coded into 4 bits, and the control circuit 13 is designed to read out the coded information and blink D1 to D8 at different blinking cycles.

As mentioned above, in order to help students learn fingering methods that are important in piano practice, the movable display boards 16 and 16' for the right and left hands are attached so as to be slidable in the left-right direction, and and the position of the left hand are shown as the positions of these display boards 16 and 16', respectively. When the piano is not being played, the display boards 16 and 16' are placed side by side, for example, on the leftmost side of the piano. This can be done by creating a program that sets the display boards 16, 16' to the leftmost position of the piano at the end of a piece of music, even by manually moving the semi-automatic performance device when the power is turned off. This can also be achieved by placing The movable display boards 16 and 16' each have eight display bodies 16-1.
~16-8, 16'-1 to 16'-8, and the distance between adjacent display bodies (distance between the center line of one display body and the center line of the next display body) is that of the adjacent key. Spacing (distance α between the center line of one key and the center line of the next key)
It is set equal to In other words, the center line of each display body (strictly speaking, the center line of the white key and the center line of the black key at the place where the keyboard is pressed) is on the center line of each white key and black key included in the display area of the movable display board. The display body is positioned so that the

Therefore, the display board 16' is 8 from the leftmost side of the piano.
The display board 16 is located in the range from the 9th key to the 16th key from the left of the piano. All the notes of one piece of music are binary encoded and input to the storage device 14 of the computer with this starting position as a reference.

Note that the display 16- of the movable display board 16 has all the notes of the melody part of one song at a fixed position.
It is not practical to correspond to the keys indicated by 1 to 16-8 (in this example, 5 white keys and 3 black keys), and some notes are naturally displayed movably during the performance of the song. Because it protrudes from the indicated area of the plate 16,
It is necessary to move the movable display board 16 in either the left or right direction each time. Those skilled in the art should be able to easily binary encode a piece of music according to the fingering method so that the number of movements and the distance traveled for a certain piece of music are as small as possible. The movement range of the movable display board 16 may be one key, or may extend over one octave or more, for example, if the note suddenly jumps to a high range as shown in FIG. 7b. Since the movable display board 16 moves a considerable distance to the right, the performer must move his right arm accordingly. If this moving distance is defined as the number of keys, the maximum moving distance is 88-(8
×2)=72, which is represented by 7 binary bits. To this, one bit is added to indicate the leftward direction by "1" and the rightward direction by "0", and a total of eight bits represent the horizontal movement distance of the movable display board 16. All the notes of the melody section encoded in this way are stored in the storage device 14 together with all the encoded notes of the accompaniment section. The contents of the binary information stored in the storage device 14 are as shown in FIG. The first block contains the first note of the melody part, the second block contains the first note of the accompaniment part, the third and subsequent blocks contain the second note of the melody part, and the fourth block contains the second note of the accompaniment part. Stored in order. 1st
The block first contains 3 bits that indicate the number of simultaneous keystrokes for the first note of the melody section, 15 bits that indicate the position of each of the maximum 5 notes that are simultaneously depressed, and 4 bits that indicate the length of the note, i.e. 15 + 4 = 19 bits. 19 bits representing the movement are entered, followed by 1 bit indicating the presence or absence of movement, and if this bit is ``1'', that is, if movement is required, then 8 bits representing the amount and direction of movement are entered, In the case of "0", that is, when no movement is required, the storage area of the storage device 14 can be used efficiently by ensuring that the second block immediately follows. Second
The block contains 3 bits indicating the number of first notes in the accompaniment section, 15 bits indicating the position of each note of the maximum of 5 notes played simultaneously, and 4 bits indicating the length of the note, 19 bits representing 15 + 4 = 19 bits. and, as in the case of the first note of the melody section, there is a 1 bit indicating whether there is a movement, and this bit is ``1''.
8 representing the amount and direction of movement if and only if .
Bits are inserted. Thereafter, all the notes of the melody part and the accompaniment part are stored in the storage device 14 in the same way. Assuming that the movable display boards 16, 16' are moved to the leftmost corner of the piano, the movable display will be moved by the 1 and 8 bits following the 3 and 19 bits indicating the number of simultaneous keystrokes of the note. Among the eight display bodies on the board 16, for example, the leftmost display body 16-1
For example, the movable display board 16 is moved so that it faces the 40th key. This is the 40th key including the black key). To explain this moving device, in FIG. 5a, 30
0 and 301 are pulse motor drive circuits for the melody section and the accompaniment section, that is, moving device energizing circuits, and coils W1 to W4 and W'1 to W'4 are excitation windings of the pulse motors M1 and M2, as shown in the figure. It is connected to the energizing circuits 300 and 301 via diodes and transistors of polarity, and is also connected to the respective +B power supplies. Drive circuit 300, 3
Every time one pulse is sent as a control signal from 01, exciting coils W1, W2, W3, W4 or
W'1, W'2, W'3, and W'4 are excited in this order or in the reverse order, and the pulse motors M1 and M2 are rotated forward or reverse in a stepwise manner by a certain angle. movable display boards 16, 16'
is moved to the left or right via the rigging Wr, W′r. The distance traveled by this one pulse is α/n
1 by n pulses equal to (n is a positive integer)
Allow the key to be transferred. When the first note of the accompaniment part of the second block, the second note of the melody part of the third block, the second note of the accompaniment part of the fourth block, etc. are read out one after another, the display boards 16 and 16' are displayed in the same manner one after another. will be moved. When the note indicator 16-1 of the movable display board 16 is moved to face the 40th key, the indicator 16-1 displays, for example, a quarter note as described in connection with FIG. 5a. It turns out.

If a so-called linear pulse motor with a straight stator section is used instead of the pulse motors M1 and M2, the scale section can be used as it is instead of the guide rail, eliminating the need for a guide rail.
The advantage is that the resolution is also higher than that of the conventional rotary type.

Figure 7a is a simple musical score example for playing the accompaniment part with the left hand, and shows the case where the note jumps from the note “G” to the note “E”, which is one octave higher. represents the direction of movement of the arm. Figure 7b is a simple musical score example for playing the melody part with the right hand, and shows the case of jumping from the "G" note to the "E" note, which is one octave higher. It shows the direction of arm movement.

Next, for the melody part, the note display 16-
A second aspect of the present invention, in which the performer performs according to the instructions from 1 to 16-8, and the automatic keying device automatically presses the keys for the accompaniment portion at the same time as the player presses the keys for the melody portion. An example will be explained. Conversely, the accompaniment part may be played by a performer, and the melody part may be played automatically. 3e, 3f, and 4b, 24 is a solenoid housing, 26 is a flange for fixing the solenoid housing 24, r,
The trochanter 27 is a trochanter mounting base for the trochanters r and r'.
In this embodiment, eight automatic keying assemblies shown in FIG. 4c are arranged on the lower surface of the molded plate 22 shown in FIG. It is installed corresponding to 8.

For example, the rightmost keying assembly in FIG. 4c includes a T-shaped plate 19 fixed to the lower surface of the molded plate 22;
Angle member 2 pivoted at point 18 on plate 19
1 and the iron core F pivotally supported at the inner end of the angle member 21
It consists of 1. Each of the iron cores F1 to F8 protrudes into the interior of a solenoid L1 to L8 disposed in a solenoid housing 24 that is detachably attached to the movable display plate 16 with screws. Although the movable display board 16 for the melody section and the keying assembly combined therewith have been described above, the movable display board 16' for the accompaniment and the automatic keying assembly combined therewith also have exactly the same configuration. . In this example, a total of 16 keystroke assemblies form an automatic keystroke device.

In this embodiment, in response to the player hitting a note in the melody part, for example, binary code information representing the key position corresponding to the note in the corresponding accompaniment part stored in the storage device 14 is generated. An energizing circuit 200 for reading and energizing the automatic keying assembly corresponding to the key is arranged in the control circuit 13 as shown in FIGS. 5c and 5d. In this example,
When the detection circuit 90 detects that the performer has pressed a key for the melody part, a control signal is sent to the drive circuit 80 and the energizing circuits 300 and 301, but at the same time, the terminals T″1 to T″ of the energizing circuit 200 A control signal is also sent to T″8.

Next, referring to FIGS. 3e, 3f, 5c, and 5d, the automatic keying device and the control circuit 13 cooperating therewith.
The energizing circuit 200 inside will be explained.

Although FIGS. 3e and 3f only show the automatic keying assembly combined with the note display 16-1,
The other 15 automatic keying assemblies forming the automatic keying device are constructed in exactly the same manner. Figure 3e shows the state before the solenoid L1 attracts the iron core, and Figure 3f shows the state after the attraction.

The control terminals T″1 to T″8 are each led out from the automatic keystroke device biasing device 200 of the control circuit 13, as shown in FIGS. 5c and 5d. control terminal
T″1 to T″8 are for example 24V +
The +B power source is connected to the bases of the transistors TR''1 to TR''8, and the +B power source is connected to the transistors TR''1 to TR''8 via solenoids L1 to L8. When the control terminal T″1 is energized by the control signal, the potential of the control terminal T″1 changes from 0V to +24V, for example.
, a bias voltage is applied to the base of the transistor TR″1, and the solenoid L1 becomes a diode.
A magnetic field is generated by the conduction of TR''1. Therefore, from the state shown in Fig. 3e, the iron core F1 is further introduced into the inside of the solenoid L1, resulting in the state shown in Fig. 3f, and the angle member 21 moves counterclockwise around the point 18. The key 15 is rotated in the direction shown in FIG.

Note that the keystrokes by the automatic keystroke device are similar to the keystrokes by the performer, as shown in Figures 3a to 3d and Figures 5c and 5c.
3e and 3f as described for figure 5d.
It is detected by the switch and the detection circuit 90 enclosed in a dashed-dotted circle in the figure, and the melody section is played by the performer and the accompaniment section is automatically played by reading out the blocks one after another.

Note that also in the case of the first embodiment, the movable display board 16,
An automatic keying assembly may be attached to the switch circuit 13', and the automatic keying assembly may be activated or deactivated according to the player's wishes by operating a suitable switch provided in the switch circuit 13'. good.

Briefly explaining the operation of the first and second embodiments of the semi-automatic performance device of the present invention, the control circuit 13 controls the first block stored in the storage device 14 when the player presses the start switch of the switch circuit 13'. (Melody part) and 2nd block (Accompaniment part)
One of the note display bodies 16-1 to 16-8
For example, the display unit 16-1 is made to emit light to represent, for example, a quarter note, and the display unit 16-1 is moved to a position facing the key to be pressed for that note. When the player presses down the key for, for example, one second, the switch state detection circuit 90 detects that the key has been pressed down or that the pressed key has been released. On the other hand, the control circuit 13 reads out the second block (accompaniment part) simultaneously with reading out the first block (melody part). This block stores encoded information about the key position of the first note of the accompaniment (including the case where only one note is played and the case where two to five notes are played simultaneously).

In the case of the first embodiment, by reading this block, the second movable plate 16' is moved as necessary, and the note display bodies 16'-1 to 16' are placed in a position facing the key of the first note of the accompaniment section. The shape of a musical note is displayed on one of the -8 keys, and the performer presses the key accordingly. In this way, when the performer presses down the key of the melody part and the key of the accompaniment part, if any, the detection circuit 90 is energized, and the third block (melody part) and the fourth block (accompaniment part, if any) are activated. Read out,
The first movable plate 16 is moved as necessary, and the shape of the note is displayed on one of the note display bodies 16-1 to 16-8, which is in a position facing the key of the second note of the melody section, and the shape of the note is played accordingly. The player presses the keys, and the performer performs the same performance. In the case of the second embodiment, when the performer presses a key corresponding to, for example, the first note of the melody part according to the display, the key press is detected by the detection circuit 90, while the second block (accompaniment part) is detected by the detection circuit 90. part) is also read out at the same time as the first block (melody part), and the second movable plate 16' is moved as necessary, so that the note display body 16'-- is in a position facing the key of the first note of the accompaniment part. 1
The shape of a musical note is displayed on one of the keys 16'-8, and the key is automatically pressed by an automatic keying device and an automatic keying device energizing device. When the performer presses down the key of the melody section, the detection circuit 90 is energized, reads out the third block of the melody section and the fourth block of the accompaniment section (if any), and moves the first block as necessary. The board 16 is moved, and the shape of a note is displayed on one of the note display bodies 16-1 to 16-8 which is in a position facing the key of the second note of the melody section. Thereafter, the melody section is played by the performer and the accompaniment section is automatically played in the same manner.
In the second embodiment, the automatic keying time is determined to be 1 second for a whole note, 1/2 second for a half note, 1/4 second for a quarter note, etc., so 4 bits are used for encoding. It requires 3 bits for pitch, 3 bits to indicate the number of notes, 1 bit to indicate whether there is movement, and 8 bits to indicate the amount of left/right movement. Therefore, the number of bits in this block is at most 3×, assuming that a maximum of 5 keys are pressed simultaneously.
5+4+3+1+8=31 bits, which is the same number of bits as in the first embodiment.

If the movement detection bit is “0”, the display board 16
is not moved. This is the case when the key corresponding to the note to be played is included in the display area of the display board 16 at that time. Also, of course, when the key corresponding to the next note is outside the display area of the movable display boards 16, 16' (the white keys and black keys covered by the movable display boards 16, 16'), Movable display board 1
However, depending on the fingering method, the movable display plates 16, 16' may be moved even if they are within the display area.
It is also possible to move the fingerings, and this can be selected freely during programming, but the point is to program according to the most efficient fingering method depending on the song, and in this example, the fingerings included in the display area of the display board 16. The five white keys shown in the figure may be pressed in order from the left with each of the five fingers from the thumb to the little finger.

As an example, if the lowest note on the piano is the 1st key and the highest note is the 88th key, and if we consider the musical score in Figure 7b as an example, the C note of 1 is the white key of the 40th key.
The 2nd D note corresponds to the 42nd white key, the 3rd M note corresponds to the 44th white key, the 4th Fah note corresponds to the 45th white key, and the 5th G note corresponds to the 47th white key. Therefore, the best fingering method is to match the 1st C note to the thumb, the 2nd D note to the index finger, the 3rd M note to the middle finger, the 4th F note to the ring finger, and the 5th G note to the little finger. Therefore, movable display board 1
6, the leftmost display 16-1 of FIG.
If you make it correspond to the 40th white key, which corresponds to the C note,
The C sound of 1 corresponds to 16-1, the D sound of 2 corresponds to 16-3, the M sound of 3 corresponds to 16-5, the F sound of 4 corresponds to 16-6, and the C sound of 5 corresponds to 16-8. Therefore, it is convenient to make the thumb of the player's hand correspond to the display 16-1. Therefore, the display panel 16 is activated by the moving device biasing device.
is controlled and stopped so that the display 16-1 of the display board 16 corresponds to the position of the C note 1 in FIG. 7b, that is, the position of the 40th white key.

Next, in order to display the C note of 1 in FIG. 7b, the display 16-1 displays an eighth note, and the player
All you have to do is place your right thumb on the display 16-1 at the left end of 6 and press the key for a time corresponding to an eighth note according to the display.

Next, the display actuator causes the display 16-3 of the display board 16 (the display 16-2 is for the black key in this case) to display an eighth note in order to display the 2nd D note in FIG. 7b. Almost at the same time as the player releases his thumb, he presses the key corresponding to the display 16-3 with his index finger for a time corresponding to an eighth note. By performing such movements up to the G note 5 in Fig. 7b, the performer can display the indicators 16-1, 16-3, 16-5, 16 without moving his arms, that is, without making any moves. -6,1
By sequentially pressing the fingers corresponding to numbers 6-8, that is, the thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger, the white keys 40, 42, 44, 45, and 47 are pressed in sequence, and the best luck is achieved. Able to perform smoothly according to the fingering method.

Next, playing from the 1st M note to the 5th B note, which is one octave higher in the musical score shown in Figure 7b, requires good luck.
In other words, the M note of 1, which is one octave higher, is the 56th white key.
The F note in 2 corresponds to the 57th white key, the G note in 3 corresponds to the 59th white key, the A note in 4 corresponds to the 61st white key, and the B note in 5 corresponds to the 63rd white key. . Therefore, in terms of fingering, it is best to match the 1st M note, which is an octave higher, to the thumb, the 2nd Hwa note to the index finger, the 3rd G to the middle finger, the 4th Ra to the ring finger, and the 5th C to the little finger. This is the fingering method.
Hereinafter, similarly to the above, the display device 16 of the movable display board 16
-1, 16-3, 16-5, 16-6, 16-8
Press the keys according to the display and perform the fingering.

As described above, the present invention allows the player to easily learn the best fingering method by guiding the fingering and movement.

Also, if the accompaniment is only one note, the 3 bits indicating the number of notes will be indicated by binary "001", and if there are five notes, it will be indicated by binary "101".
If there are no accompaniment notes, a binary value of "000" will be displayed, and no notes will be displayed, and no keys will be pressed in the case of automatic keystrokes. Also, certain notes, for example, notes in the melody part, are displayed on the display bodies 16-1 to 16-8, 16'-1 to 16'-
8, the performance of the song will remain stopped unless the performer presses the corresponding key. Then, when the key corresponding to the note display of the melody section is pressed, the key of the accompaniment section corresponding to the first note of the melody section is automatically pressed, and the next note of the melody section is displayed on the note display 16-.
1 to 16-8, along with display board 1
6, 16' will be moved as necessary.
It is also possible to disable the detection device, operate the display devices one after another at a tempo determined by programming, and move the movable display board as necessary. In this case, the performer has to hit the displayed keys one after another at a predetermined tempo, so considerable skill is required. However, even if the performer does not hit the keys according to the instructions displayed, just by looking at the positions of the indicators that are activated one after another and the way the movable display board moves, they can learn how to use their fingers and move their arms when playing the piano. Can be learned.

In the above description of this specification, one movable display board is used for each of the melody section and the accompaniment section, but in the case of a particularly simple song to be played with the right hand, the left hand movable display board may be disabled. may use only one movable display board.

The features of the present invention are as follows. That is, when practicing playing a piano or other keyboard instrument, the user can move his/her arms in accordance with the movement of the movable display board, making it easy to learn the fingering method and how to move the arm. Second
Furthermore, since the number of components such as indicators, electromagnets, and solenoids is reduced, manufacturing costs are reduced and the memory area of the storage device is significantly reduced. In addition, when the player has become proficient, the player can play with his left hand following the indicator on the movable display board of the accompaniment section, and with his right hand following the indicator on the movable display board of the melody section.

In the present invention, the shapes of musical notes can also be displayed by using liquid crystals, fluorescent display tubes, etc. in place of the light emitting diodes a to h. In addition, when the position of the next key to be pressed is displayed using a single indicator light D1 to D8 instead of the eight light emitting diodes a to h to indicate the shape of the note, the length of the note is indicated by the lighting of the indicator light. It may be displayed in the form of time or by the color or brightness of a single indicator light. Furthermore, instead of a single indicator light, a 7-segment element may be used to digitally display, for example, a half note as "2" and a quarter note as "4". In addition, musical notes are coded in advance and stored in a fixed storage device such as a programmable read-only memory or a core memory, and this is used as the storage device 14. During performance, performance data is sequentially transmitted from this fixed storage device via the control circuit 13 to the display 16. -1 to 16-8 can also be displayed. This storage device is attached as a memory cassette to a cassette attachment point of an operation panel of an electronic computer (into which the main parts of the computer, such as the control circuit 13 and the storage device 14, are incorporated).

In addition, since a display is also provided on the movable display board of the accompaniment section, the accompaniment section can be played under the instructions of the display, and the melody section can be automatically played by an automatic keying device. When the key corresponding to the first note of one or both of the melody part and accompaniment part of one measure is pressed, the melody part and accompaniment part are controlled by the control circuit 13 for that measure (or any number of notes). It is also possible to display the first note of one or both of the melody part and the accompaniment part of the next bar at the same time as the next bar is played. Furthermore, the accompaniment section and the melody section can all be performed automatically using an automatic keying device, and in this case as well, the display boards on the left and right movable display boards are lit one after another as the music is played, and the movable display boards themselves are also required. Since it moves left and right according to the movement, you can learn how to move your left and right arms and fingering techniques during automatic performance.

As mentioned above, the present invention not only provides a movable display board with a display device to display the keys to be pressed one after another in order to play a piece of music, but also allows keys to be pressed with multiple fingers at the same time. Moreover, when playing a piece of music in which the intervals between the keys pressed by multiple fingers are different, a movable display board having a display that allows multiple fingers to press the keys at the same time corresponding to the keys of the keyboard instrument is provided, so that the player can press the keys at different intervals. Keys can be pressed with multiple fingers at the same time, and each display corresponds to the multiple keys to be pressed, so even if the intervals between the fingers pressing the keys are not constant and vary, the performer can You can play accordingly. In addition, since the movable display board has a predetermined number of indicators, if the next key to be pressed is within the display area of the movable display board during a performance, the performer can practice fingering without moving the moving device. The movable display board can be moved by a moving device when it is out of the display area, allowing players to practice their fingerings, which has advantages not found in conventional devices, such as being able to distinguish between fingering and fingering and practicing at the same time. have

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing the entire semi-automatic musical performance device according to the present invention, with the electronic computer part shown in a block diagram; Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the semi-automatic musical performance device of Fig. 1; The figures are schematic side views showing a detection device for detecting whether a player has pressed down a key or released a pressed key in the first embodiment of the present invention before and after the key has been pressed down, respectively. , 3c and 3d are respectively 3a, 3b and 3
The on/off action of the non-contact switch S1 is shown in the circle surrounded by the dashed-dotted line in Figures e and 3f.
Figures a and 3e and figures 3b and 3f are schematic side views corresponding to figures 3a and 3b for explaining the operation of the automatic keying assembly in the case of the second embodiment of the present invention, and figure 4a is a musical note display. FIG. 4b is a perspective view of the main body of the movable display board, and FIG. 4c is a perspective view of the main body of the movable display board.
8 attached to the movable display board main body in the embodiment
FIG. 5a is a schematic connection diagram showing parts of the semi-automatic performance device according to the first embodiment of the present invention that work together, and FIG. 5b is a schematic connection diagram showing a single light display. Figures 5b and 5b are schematic connection diagrams showing the parts of the semi-automatic musical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention that cooperate with the control circuit in the case of single-lamp display, and Figures 5c and 5d are the second embodiment of the present invention. A schematic connection diagram corresponding to FIGS. 5a and 5d regarding the embodiment, FIG. 6 is a detailed connection diagram of a part of FIG. 5, and FIG.
Figures a and 7b are schematic explanatory diagrams showing musical scores for playing with the left and right hands, respectively. Figure 8 is a top view with a part of the display section cut away. Figure 9 is a schematic illustration of musical scores for playing with the left and right hands, respectively. FIG. 3 is a block arrangement diagram. 16...First movable display board, 16'...Second movable display board, 16-1 to 16-8, 16'-1 to
16'-8...Musical note display (indicator), D1 to D8
...Light emitting diode (indicator), M1, M2...
Pulse motor (transfer device), S1 to S8... switch (detection device), 80... drive circuit (display operating device), 90... switch status detection circuit (detection device), 21... angle material (automatic key press) Device),
F1-F8... Iron core (automatic keystroke device), 200...
... energizing circuit (automatic keystroke device energizing device), 300,
301...Pulse motor drive circuit (first, second
displacement device biasing device).

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A keyboard instrument for playing music that involves pressing keys with multiple fingers at the same time and at different intervals between the fingers, a movable display board having a predetermined number of indicators each corresponding to the number of keys that can be simultaneously pressed by multiple fingers; and a moving device combined with the movable display board; a display operating device that operates a display on the movable display board to instruct which key to press; and when a performer plays a piece of music in accordance with the display operated by the display operating device. energizing the moving device to move the movable display board a certain distance when a key corresponding to a note to be played is outside the display area of the movable display board at a certain position of the movable display board during performance; A semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument, comprising: a moving device energizing device; 2. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the indicator comprises light emitting diodes combined to display the shape of a musical note. 3. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the indicator comprises a single light emitting diode. 4. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined number of indicators is eight, and the width is equal to the width of five white keys. 5. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined number of indicators is 13 and is equal to the width of 8 white keys. 6. The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the moving device includes a pulse motor, a pulley fixed to the pulse motor output shaft, and a rigging wrapped around the pulley and fixed to a movable display board. Semi-automatic performance device. 7. The keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the moving device includes a servo motor, a pulley fixed to the servo motor output shaft, and a rigging wrapped around the pulley and fixed to the movable display board. semi-automatic performance device. 8. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the moving device includes a linear pulse motor. 9. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the display operating device is formed by a part of a small electronic computer. 10. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein the moving device biasing device is formed by a part of a small electronic computer. 11 A movable display board having a display device consists of a first movable display board and a second movable display board that play the melody part and accompaniment part of a song, and each movable display board has a first and a second movable display board. The devices are combined, and each movable display board operates and moves the display by a display operating device that operates the display of the first and second movable display boards and a moving device biasing device that biases the moving device. A semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 1. 12 A keyboard instrument that plays a piece of music that involves pressing keys with multiple fingers at the same time and at different intervals between the fingers, and this keyboard instrument includes at least the multiple fingers of all the keys at the same time. a movable display board having a predetermined number of indicators each corresponding to the number of keys that can be pressed; a moving device combined with the movable display board; a detection device that detects the release of a pressed key; and a display operating device that operates the display to indicate which keys the player should press one after another in response to the detection by the detection device. When playing a piece of music according to the display operated by the display operating device, a key corresponding to a note to be played is outside the display area of the movable display board at a certain position on the movable display board during performance. a moving device energizing device that urges the moving device to move the movable display board a certain distance when the movable display board is in the semi-automatic performance device of a keyboard instrument. 13. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 12, wherein the detection device is formed by a magnetic sensor type contactless switch and a part of a small computer that operates together with the detection device. 14. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 12, wherein the detection device is formed by a photosensor type non-contact switch and a part of a small computer that operates together with the detection device. 15 A movable display board having a display device consists of a first movable display board and a second movable display board that play the melody part and accompaniment part of a song, and each movable display board has a first and a second movable display board. A first detection device detects when a performer presses down a key to play the melody part or releases a pressed key; a second detection device that detects when a key is pressed down or when a key that has been pressed is released; a first display actuating device that operates an indicator of the first movable display board to indicate a key to be lowered; and a player playing an accompaniment section in response to detection by the second detecting device. a second indicator actuator for activating an indicator of the second movable indicator to indicate which keys to press one after the other at a certain position of the first movable indicator during a performance; The first moving device is attached to move the first movable display board a certain distance when keys corresponding to notes to be played one after another in the melody section are outside the display area of the first movable display board. a first movable device biasing device for energizing, and a display on the second movable display board that keys corresponding to notes to be played one after another in the accompaniment section at a certain position of the second movable display board during performance; Claim 12, comprising: a second moving device biasing device that urges the second moving device to move the second movable display board a certain distance when the second movable display board is outside the area. A semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument described in . 16 A keyboard instrument that plays a piece of music that involves pressing keys with multiple fingers at the same time and at different intervals between the fingers; a movable display board having a predetermined number of indicators each corresponding to the number of keys that can be pressed; a moving device combined with the movable display board; a detection device that detects the release of a pressed key; and a display operating device that operates the display to indicate which keys the player should press one after another in response to the detection by the detection device. an automatic keying device attached to the movable display board in correspondence with each indicator of the movable display board; and an automatic keying device for energizing the automatic keying device in correspondence with the display operated by the display actuating device. a device energizing device, and an automatic keying device of the automatic keying device energizing device as a display actuated by the display device actuating device, when playing a piece of music, a part of the movable display board being played; a moving device biasing device that biases the moving device to move the movable display board a certain distance when a key corresponding to a note to be played at the position is outside the display area of the movable display board. A semi-automatic performance device for keyboard instruments. 17. The automatic keying device is formed by a plurality of automatic keying assemblies each consisting of a solenoid, a keying angle material attached to its iron core, and a plate that pivotally supports the keying angle material and is fixed to a movable display board. A semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 16. 18. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 16, wherein the automatic keying device operates in conjunction with a part of a small electronic computer. 19. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 16, wherein the automatic keystroke device biasing device is formed from a part of a small electronic computer. 20 A movable display board having a display device consists of a first movable display board and a second movable display board that play the melody part and accompaniment part of a song, and each movable display board has a first and a second movable display board. A first detection device detects when the performer presses down a key to play the melody part or releases the pressed key; It consists of a second detection device that detects when a key is depressed or when a key that has been depressed is released; a first display actuator that operates an indicator of the first movable display board to indicate a key; and a first indicator actuator that operates an indicator of the first movable display board to indicate a key; a second display actuator that operates the indicators of the second movable display board to indicate keys to be depressed one after another; Under instructions from an automatic keying device attached to the first and second movable display boards in correspondence with each display on the display board, and the display on the first movable display board or the second movable display board. of the second movable display board or the first movable display board that indicates the key corresponding to the note of the accompaniment part or melody part, which is matched with the note of the melody part or accompaniment part corresponding to the key pressed by the performer. an automatic keystroke device energizing device for energizing the automatic keystroke device corresponding to a display at the same time as a key is pressed; When keys corresponding to notes to be played one after another in the part or accompaniment part are outside the display areas of the first and second movable display boards, respectively, the first movable display board and the second movable display board are 17. The semi-automatic performance device for a keyboard instrument according to claim 16, further comprising a moving device urging device that urges the first moving device and the second moving device to move a distance.