JPS6346336B2 - - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention The present invention provides a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an indoor heat exchanger, a pressure reduction mechanism, an outdoor air heat exchanger, an outdoor blower,
When the outdoor heat source of a heat pump type air conditioner with an outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger is used for heating operation at low outdoor temperatures, it can be used to collect domestic gray water (e.g., bath water, cooking water, hot water), which is generally considered to have no use. Heat obtained from the sun (e.g., hot water from a boiler, etc.) and waste heat air (e.g., waste heat from ventilation, waste heat air from a cooking area) are stored in a heat storage tank, and the heat is stored outdoors according to the required indoor load capacity. The purpose is to provide stable heating capacity with high thermal efficiency by supplying heat to a water-cooled heat exchanger, and if that is insufficient, adding heat to a heater or tap water to store heat.

Conventionally, air, tap water, well water, etc. have been used as an outdoor heat source for heating, but in the case of air heat sources, when the outside temperature is low, the indoor air heat exchanger's discharge capacity is generally lower than the required indoor load capacity. There was a shortage of heat, and frost had adhered to the outdoor air heat exchanger, making it necessary to switch from the heating cycle to the cooling cycle and perform a defrosting operation to remove the frost that had adhered to the outdoor air heat exchanger. In some cases, indoor heating capacity could not be obtained, resulting in a decline in thermal efficiency. Furthermore, when tap water and well water are used alone, there are disadvantages such as the cost of tap water and the problems of draining wells when using well water, so some kind of countermeasure has been required.

The present invention eliminates the drawbacks found in the conventional air conditioners.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings showing embodiments thereof.

In the figure, 1 is a compressor, 2 is a four-way switching valve,
3 is an indoor air heat exchanger, 4 is an indoor blower of the indoor air heat exchanger 3, 5 is a pressure reducer, 6 is an outdoor air heat exchanger, 7 is an outdoor blower of the outdoor air heat exchanger 6, 8 is the above-mentioned Pressure reducer 5 and the outdoor air heat exchanger 6
A three-way switching valve 9 is provided between the four-way switching valve 2.
and the outdoor air heat exchanger 6, and 10 is an outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger provided in parallel with the outdoor air heat exchanger 6 and connected to the three-way switching valves 8 and 9. ing. 11 is an outside air thermostat that detects outside air temperature.

Next, in the water circuit of the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger 10, 12 is a heat storage tank that stores heat, 13 is a first pump that sends water accumulated in the heat storage tank to the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger 10, and 14 is domestic gray water,
(For example, water for bathing, water for cooking, hot water from a water heater, etc.) 15 is a drain pipe through which the domestic gray water passes, and is directly connected to the heat storage tank 12.1
6 is solar energy, 17 is solar energy 16
A collector 18 containing a heat medium that absorbs heat is a solar radiator that radiates heat from the heat medium absorbed by the collector 17, and radiates heat to the heat storage tank. 19
20 is a second pump that circularly circulates the heat medium absorbed by the collector 17 to the collector 17 and the solar radiator 18; 20 is a collector thermostat that detects the temperature of the collector 17; 21;
is the waste heat air obtained from the kitchen and ventilation, 22
23 is an exhaust heat exchanger that radiates heat from the exhaust heat air 21;
24 is a waste heat blower that sends the waste heat air 21 to the waste heat exchanger 22; 24 is a waste heat duct that sends the waste heat air 21, and is connected to the waste heat exchanger 22 and the waste heat blower 23. . 25 is an exhaust heat thermostat that detects the exhaust heat air 21; 26 is a water pipe connected to the heat storage tank 12; 27 is a water supply shut-off valve provided in the water pipe 26 to control water; 28 is the heat storage tank 12. 29 is a heater that heats the heat storage tank 12, and 30 is a heat storage thermostat that detects the water temperature of the heat storage tank 12.

In the figure, solid arrows indicate the flow of refrigerant during cooling operation, dotted arrows indicate the flow of refrigerant during heating operation, dashed-dotted arrows indicate the flow of water, and dashed-dotted arrows indicate the flow of refrigerant obtained from solar energy. The three-dot chain arrow indicates the flow of exhaust heat air.

FIG. 2 is a schematic electrical circuit diagram of the air conditioner constructed as described above. In the figure, 2a is the electromagnetic coil of the four-way switching valve 2, 8a and 9a are the electromagnetic coils of the three-way switching valves 8 and 9, 11a is a contact of the outside air thermostat 11, 20a is a contact of the collector thermostat 20, and 25a is a contact of the outside air thermostat 11. 28a is the contact point of the exhaust heat thermostat 25, and 28a is the float switch 28.
30a is a contact of the heat storage thermostat 30, 31a and 31b are coils connected in series with the contact 20a of the collector thermostat 20 and the contact 25a of the heat exhaust thermostat 25, respectively; 31c is the coil 31a and 31b. 32 is a timer for controlling the heater 29;
32a is a contact point linked to the timer 32; 33
Reference character a is an outdoor blower control relay coil that controls the operation of the outdoor blower 7, and 33b is a contact that is interlocked with the outdoor blower control relay coil 33a.

Here, the heat storage thermostat 30 corresponds to the heat storage tank water temperature control device of the present invention, the exhaust heat thermostat 25 corresponds to the exhaust heat blowing control device, and the collector thermostat 20 corresponds to the second pump control device. The timers 32 each correspond to timer means, and the outside air thermostat 11 also serves as the load detection means, control means, and pump control means of the present invention, and the electromagnetic coils 8a, 9a
corresponds to the switching valve control means of the present invention, and the outdoor blower control relay coil 19a and its contacts 19b are:
This corresponds to the blower stopping means of the present invention.

Note that these control circuits can also be realized by a microcomputer or the like.

In the above configuration, during cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is transferred to the four-way switching valve 2, the three-way switching valve 9, the outdoor air heat exchanger 6, the three-way switching valve 8, the pressure reducer 5, and the indoor air heat exchanger. 3. Construct a refrigeration cycle that passes through the four-way switching valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1.

Next, domestic gray water 14 collects in the heat storage tank 12 through the drain pipe 15, and when the water temperature in the heat storage tank 12 falls below a certain water temperature during heating operation and the contact 30a of the heat storage thermostat 30 closes,
If the temperature of the collector 17 is higher than the set temperature and the contact 20a of the collector thermostat 20 is closed, the second pump 19 is operated and the heat obtained from solar energy is radiated by the solar radiator 18, and the heat is further exhausted. If the temperature of the air 21 is higher than the set temperature and the contact 25a of the exhaust heat thermostat 25 is closed, the exhaust heat blower 23 is operated and the heat of the exhaust air is radiated through the exhaust heat duct 24 and the exhaust heat exchanger 22. do. Also, if the temperature of the collector 17 and the temperature of the exhaust heat air 21 are lower than the set temperature, the coils 31a, 31
When b is not energized, contact 31c is closed and heater 29 is operated. Alternatively, the second pump 1
If the contact 30a of the heat storage thermostat 30 does not open after a predetermined period of time even though either or both of the heat storage thermostat 9 and the exhaust heat blower 23 are operating, the contact 32a of the timer 32 is closed and the heater 29 is operated. The temperature of the water accumulated in the heat storage tank 12 is increased. Furthermore, when the water level in the heat storage tank 12 falls below the set water level, the contact 28a of the float switch 28 is closed, and the coil 27a of the water supply on/off valve 27 is energized to discharge water from the water pipe 26 until the water level reaches the set water level.

Next, even if air is used as the outdoor heat source in heating operation, if the amount of heat released by the indoor air heat exchanger 3 is large enough for the required indoor load capacity (for example, when the outside air temperature is 0°C
In the above), the contact 11a of the outside air thermostat 11 opens, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 passes through the four-way switching valve 2, the indoor air heat exchanger 3, the pressure reducer 5, the three-way switching valve 8, and the outdoor air heat exchanger. 6, three-way switching valve 9,
A refrigeration cycle is configured that passes through the four-way switching valve 2 and returns to the compressor 1.

In addition, even if air is used as the outdoor heat source during heating operation, if the amount of heat released by the indoor air heat exchanger 3 is insufficient for the required indoor load capacity (for example, the outside air temperature is below 0°C), the outside air thermostat 11 Contact 11
a is closed, the three-way switching valves 8 and 9 are switched, the refrigerant does not flow into the outdoor air heat exchanger 6, and the refrigerant flows toward the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger 10, and the outdoor blower control relay coil 33a is energized. Contact 33b of the outdoor blower control relay opens to stop the outdoor blower 7, and at the same time, the first pump 13 is activated to flow the water accumulated in the heat storage tank 12 to the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger 10, thereby removing the water obtained from the water. It also exchanges heat with the heat source.

In this way, stable heating capacity can be obtained by supplying the outdoor heat source from both the air and the heat storage tank to the outdoor air heat exchanger and the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger according to the required indoor load capacity.

Note that the outside air thermostat 11 of this embodiment is
It may be a pressure switch that detects the pressure during the refrigeration cycle or a thermostat that detects the temperature during the refrigeration cycle, and the heat medium that absorbs solar energy may be discharged to the heat storage tank 12 without turning it in an annular manner. collector thermostat 20
The pressure in the solar heat absorption device may be detected. Furthermore, the three-way switching valves 8, 9 may be replaced by two-way switching valves 36, 37, 38 as shown in FIG.

As is clear from the above embodiments, the air conditioner operation control device of the present invention includes a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an indoor air heat exchanger, a pressure reduction mechanism, an outdoor air heat exchanger, and the outdoor air heat exchanger. A heat pump refrigeration cycle is constructed by connecting outdoor water-cooled heat exchangers that are bypassed in parallel, and each of the indoor air heat exchanger and the outdoor air heat exchanger in this refrigeration cycle is provided with an indoor blower,
An outdoor blower is provided, and a switching valve is provided to switch the flow of refrigerant to either the outdoor air heat exchanger or the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger, and the water circuit of the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger is provided with a heat storage A tank and a first pump are connected, and the heat storage tank is equipped with a drain pipe for discharging domestic gray water, a water pipe, and a solar radiator for dissipating heat obtained from solar energy (or a solar radiator for dissipating heat obtained from solar energy). A solar hot water drain pipe for discharging hot water, a waste heat exchanger for dissipating heat from the waste heat air, and a heater for heating the heat storage tank are respectively provided, and the drain pipe is configured to collect the domestic waste water. a water supply shut-off valve is provided in the water pipe; a collector and a second pump are connected in an annular manner to the solar radiator to form a solar heat absorption device; and the waste heat exchanger is provided with a waste heat blower. and an air/water switching control device that connects the air/water cooling duct and controls the opening/closing of the switching valve that switches between the outdoor air heat exchanger and the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger; an outdoor blower control device that controls the operation of the outdoor blower, a water supply opening/closing control device that controls the opening and closing of the water supply opening/closing valve, a heat storage tank water temperature control device that controls the water temperature of the heat storage tank, and the second pump. A second pump control device, a waste heat blower control device that controls the waste heat blower, and a heating control device that controls the heater are provided, and if the water temperature of the heat storage tank is equal to or lower than a set temperature, the second pump , either or both of the exhaust heat blowers are in a state of operation or stop, and after a predetermined period of time has elapsed with either or both of the second pump and the exhaust heat blower being operated, If the water temperature in the tank is not higher than the set temperature, the heater is operated, and if the water temperature in the heat storage tank is lower than the set temperature and both the second pump and the exhaust heat blower are stopped, the heater is operated. When the heater is operated and the water level in the thermal storage tank is lower than the set water level, the water supply shut-off valve is opened until the water level rises to the set water level, and when the outside air temperature or the temperature or pressure in the refrigeration cycle falls below the set value, the outdoor blower is turned off. is stopped, the switching valve is switched to allow the flow to flow to the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger, and the first pump is operated. Stable heating capacity is achieved by supplying the heat to the outdoor air heat exchanger and outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger, and the heat stored in the heat storage tank uses inexpensive heat sources such as gray water, solar energy, and waste heat air. By doing so, a high heating capacity with good thermal efficiency can be obtained when the outside temperature is low during heating operation, and since the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger is used before frost builds up on the outdoor air heat exchanger, the defrost removal operation can be performed. There is no need for heating, and there is no reduction in heating capacity.
If there is a lack of heat sources such as solar energy or waste heat air,
By adding a heater and tap water, stable heating capacity can be obtained at all times, and since the water stored in the heat storage tank is always maintained as a stable heat source, heating starts quickly even at low outside temperatures. When the water temperature in the heat storage tank falls below a certain water temperature, the contact 30a of the heat storage thermostat 30 closes to prevent the water accumulated in the heat storage tank from freezing due to the heat of solar energy and exhaust heat air. If the temperature cannot be obtained from the heat storage tank, the heater will apply heat to prevent freezing, and when the temperature of the collector and exhaust heat air falls below the set temperature, the second pump and exhaust heat blower are stopped, so the heat storage tank This has extremely practical effects, as the water temperature inside the tank absorbs heat and the water temperature does not drop.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 shows a heat pump refrigeration cycle diagram of an air conditioner equipped with an operation control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows an electric control circuit diagram of the same operation control device, and Fig. 3 shows another embodiment. It is a heat pump type refrigeration cycle diagram of an air conditioner. 1... Compressor, 2... Four-way switching valve, 3... Indoor air heat exchanger, 4... Indoor blower, 5... Pressure reducer, 6... Outdoor air heat exchanger, 7... Outdoor blower, 8 ...First three-way switching valve, 9... Second three-way switching valve, 10... Outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger, 11...
Outside air thermostat, 12... Heat storage tank, 13
...First pump, 14...Domestic gray water, 15
...Drainage pipe, 16...Solar energy, 17...
Collector, 18...Solar heat radiator, 19...Second pump, 20...Collector thermostat, 21...Exhaust heat air, 22...Exhaust heat exchanger, 2
3...Exhaust heat blower, 24...Exhaust heat duct, 25...
...Exhaust heat thermostat, 26...Water piping, 27
...Water supply on/off valve, 28...Float switch, 2
9... Heater, 30... Heat storage thermostat.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A heat pump refrigeration cycle is constructed by connecting a compressor, a four-way switching valve, an indoor air heat exchanger, a pressure reducing mechanism, an outdoor air heat exchanger, and an outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger that is bypassed in parallel with the outdoor air heat exchanger. The indoor air heat exchanger and the outdoor air heat exchanger in this refrigeration cycle are each provided with an indoor blower and an outdoor blower, and each of the outdoor air heat exchanger and the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger is provided with an indoor blower and an outdoor blower, respectively. A switching valve is provided to switch the flow of refrigerant to one side, a heat storage tank and a first pump are connected to the water circuit of the outdoor water-cooled heat exchanger, and a drain pipe through which domestic wastewater flows into the heat storage tank. , water piping, a solar radiator that radiates heat obtained from solar energy (or a solar hot water discharge pipe that radiates hot water obtained from solar energy), an exhaust heat exchanger that radiates heat from waste heat air, and the above-mentioned A heater for heating the heat storage tank is provided respectively, the drain pipe is connected to collect the domestic gray water, the water pipe is provided with a water shut-off valve, and the solar radiator is provided with a collector and a drain pipe. A solar heat absorption device is constructed by connecting two pumps in a ring, and an exhaust heat blower and an exhaust heat duct are connected to the exhaust heat exchanger. , an exhaust heat blower control means that enables the operation of the exhaust heat blower, and a second pump that enables the operation of the second pump when the temperature of the collector of the solar radiator is equal to or higher than a set value. a control device; a timer means for heating the heater after a predetermined period of time has elapsed; A heat storage tank water temperature control device is provided that supplies power to the pump control device and the timer means, respectively, and the switching control device that controls switching of the switching valve is equipped with a load detection device that detects loads such as outside air temperature or temperature or pressure during the refrigeration cycle. means, a control means for outputting a switching signal when the amount detected by the load detection means is below a set value, a blower stopping means for stopping the operation of the outdoor blower in response to a switching signal of the control means, and a switching means for stopping the operation of the outdoor blower. It is composed of a switching valve control means for driving a valve to switch the flow of refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle to the outdoor air/water cooled heat exchanger side, and a pump control means for operating the first pump, and further includes a switching valve control means for driving the first pump. An operation control device for an air conditioner including a water supply opening/closing control device that opens the water supply opening/closing valve when the water level is lower than a set water level.