JPS6341809B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to a method and device for stacking molded and cured products in a yard (yard) at a mass production factory for machining blocks for civil engineering, improving efficiency, making effective use of yard area, Aiming for full automation.

The production of machi blocks has improved significantly with the adoption of an instant demolding method and the development of molding equipment. However, the subsequent processing of the molded blocks has not been very advanced. In the case of the immediate demolding method, the blocks that come out of the curing area are still indispensable for manpower and a forklift truck instead of manpower, and the blocks are placed on a surface pallet, and since the surface pallet is fixed, it must be hit with a hammer. At present, the pallets are peeled off and the blocks are transported several by one to a yard using a forklift truck and stacked side by side, or they are unloaded and stacked manually.

The block picking device of a forklift vehicle holds the rear side or front side of the block individually or by arranging several blocks in a row with long holding members. Yard stacking is usually done as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
In the case of Fig. 1, when using the interlocking block, the exposed side is facing down, so it is easy to stack and get scratched. Second
If you place it next to a diagram, it tends to get messy. and,
It takes a lot of nerve, time, and effort to stack all of these items in an orderly manner in the yard.

The basic concept of the method and device of this invention is that instead of transporting several to ten blocks at a time using a forklift truck and arranging them in a yard as in the past, the blocks are mechanically transported before being placed in the yard. A large group of transportation units was made by stacking them in a line with the required width, and the transportation units were grabbed straight and lined up in the yard. The process of arranging a certain number of blocks sent in a row without any gaps, and then tilting this row in a direction perpendicular to the row to form a horizontal row on a plane. The process of picking up the blocks and carrying them to a flat loading place, and lowering them with the rear ends of each block along the collapse prevention material standing there. On top of the lowered horizontal row of blocks, place the same horizontal row of blocks at an angle of 180 degrees. The process of stacking blocks in multiple tiers in the vertical direction by lowering each block with its surface pressed against the collapse prevention material, and placing the blocks with the sides of the upper and lower tiers aligned with each other. Using the surface of each block as the above-mentioned collapse prevention material, repeating the process of stacking multiple horizontal rows of blocks in the same manner in adjacent positions to form one transportation unit group, and the above-mentioned transportation unit group as it is. The first transport unit group is brought up against the retaining wall in the yard and lowered, and subsequent transport unit groups are sequentially lined up and lowered by approaching the transport unit group that was lowered earlier. It is characterized by having.

In addition, as a yard stacking device for machi blocks, the machi blocks that are conveyed in a line one after another with their faces down are stagnated at the end of the conveyor until they reach the stacking width in the yard, and are arranged in a line without gaps. a device for tilting the blocks in a direction perpendicular to the rows to arrange them horizontally on a plane, a mechanism for picking up and lowering the horizontally arranged blocks as they are, a turning mechanism for horizontally rotating the picking mechanism, It consists of a reciprocating mechanism that reciprocates with a rotating mechanism, and the above-mentioned blocks in a horizontal row are placed in a fixed position, and the directions are sequentially reversed and stacked and lowered, so that the sides of the blocks in the upper and lower rows in the horizontal row are aligned in opposite directions. A device for picking up a horizontal row of blocks that are stacked to form a plurality of stacked blocks, comprising a flat floor on which to place the horizontal row of blocks that are lowered by the lifting device; When making stacked blocks, a movable loading platform has a collapse prevention material that prevents each upper block placed on the side of the inclined lower block from collapsing, and a plurality of stacked blocks are created on the fixed position of the movable loading platform. Each time, the above-mentioned loading place is moved a certain distance, and the required number of multi-level stacked blocks are arranged closely next to each other by approaching the previously placed block, and a transport unit group is created on the said loading place. The intermittent drive device for the movable loading platform and the group of transportation units on the movable loading platform are picked up as they are from the front, back, left and right, and transported to the yard either directly or via a crane with the same type of device, and are first transported to the yard. It is characterized by being equipped with a movable large-sized lifting device that, after being brought down against a certain retaining wall, is brought down one after another by the group placed earlier.

Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the area around yard Y of a factory for mass production of instant demolding blocks that employs the present invention, Fig. 4 is a plan view showing the movement of block B before it is moved to the yard, and Fig. A row of knowledge blocks B is shown.

First, to give an overview, conveyor 1 on the right side of Figure 3
transports the blocks B from the curing field in a line as shown in Fig. 4 in an inverted state with the surface facing down, and sends them to transport unit group forming position 2 near yard Y. At the transportation unit group creation position 2, a transportation unit group A consisting of a large number of blocks is created, and this is transferred to the traverser 3 on the entrance side of the yard Y.
Put it on top. The traverser 3 runs on rails 4 and stops at either end of four storage yards 5 lined up in the yard Y in the example shown in FIG. Then, the traveling crane 6 gets on top of the traverser 3 and transports unit group A.
are picked up, moved along the storage area 5, and stacked in sequence at the storage area 5. Yard Y also has a traverser 3a on the unloading side, and for unloading, a truck 7 gets on board and a crane 6 loads the blocks onto the truck.

Now, at transport unit group creation position 2 in Figure 5, a predetermined number of units (in this case, five) are placed sideways in a row.
a large-sized movable gripping device 14 that collectively grabs multiple rows of blocks B ₁ , and a movable large-sized lifting device 14 that collectively grabs multiple rows of blocks B ₁ in one row next to it.
and work in their respective areas, and below them there is a movable platform 13.

Blocks B are placed on the conveyor 1 at the right end of Figures 3 and 4 in an inverted position with their faces facing down, and are conveyed one after another. Blocks B are stopped at the end of the conveyor and stagnate on the conveyor while slipping, coming into close contact with the following block B. Line up.
When a detection device (not shown) detects that the length of the row of blocks B has reached the stacking width l in the yard, a hook 9 is placed on the pallet P on which the sides of each block are placed, as shown in Fig. 6. , horizontal tilting cylinder 8
pushes all of the blocks B in that row at once in a direction perpendicular to the row, forming a horizontal row of blocks _B1 . The picking up device 11 that picks up this horizontal row of blocks _B1 is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.

This gripping device 11 is designed to move blocks B1 in a horizontal row in which the blocks _B in the sideways position shown in FIG. It is held between a pair of clamps 15 as shown in FIG. At that time, in order to prevent the joining ends of the blocks that are lined up and in contact with each other in a horizontal row from bending and collapsing due to the clamping pressure, the vicinity of each boundary where the joining ends touch each other is also pinched from the front and back. That is, the fixed contact plate 16 is applied to the front side, and the rotation suppressing pawl 17 is applied to the back side.

The rotation restraining pawl 17 penetrates into the mutual spacing between the rear parts of adjacent blocks and restrains them, thereby indirectly restraining the bending of the mating end row. For this reason, the clamps 15, 15,
The fixed abutting plate 16 and the rotation restraining pawl 17 are inclined as shown in FIG. 9 in accordance with the inclination of the mating end 10. and,
A turning mechanism consisting of a rack 18, a pinion 19, and a fluid pressure cylinder 20 is provided to pick up and turn the blocks _B1 in a horizontal row through 180 degrees. The turning mechanism itself has a conventional design, and by protruding and pulling the rack 18 with a hydraulic cylinder 20, a pinion 19 meshed with the teeth of the rack is turned, and a gripping mechanism support shaft 11b coaxial with the pinion 19 is turned. In FIG. 8, the tips of the pinion 19 and rack 18 are visible, and in FIG. 9, which shows the right side of the same figure, the hydraulic cylinder 20 for driving the rack is also visible. In addition, pinion 19 and rack 18 in Fig.
is actually tilted towards you.

The above-mentioned lifting mechanism and turning mechanism hang down from a truck 22 on the frame 11a, and are connected to a hydraulic cylinder 22 for lifting and lowering.
a and the left and right guide rods 22b, it is raised and lowered from the solid line position in FIG. 9 to the chain line position. Further, the above-mentioned truck 22 is enabled to reciprocate within the area by a fixed distance by means of a fluid pressure cylinder 21.

As shown in FIG. 7, the movable loading platform 13 is a slat conveyor in this example, and is driven intermittently in the direction of the arrow. The blocks _B1 in a horizontal row laid down in FIG. 4 are first placed directly behind the collapse prevention material 12' shown by the chain line in the loading area 13, in this case with the direction changed by 180 degrees. Then, without changing the orientation, place the next row of blocks B ₁ horizontally using the anti-collapse material 12' so that they do not slip off, and when the two tiers are formed, the blocks B 1
Move the conveyor 3 in the direction of the arrow by one pitch that matches the block size. Now the picking device 1
As before, if 1 changes the orientation of blocks B ₁ in a horizontal row and lowers them to the same position as last time, the lower block will be placed immediately behind the two-tiered block B ₂ from last time, and as before, If you put the next horizontal row of blocks B ₁ on top without changing the direction, it will not collapse because it will be supported by the previous two-tiered block B ₁ .

In this way, block B ₂ addressed to two rows is stacked one after another,
As shown by the solid line in FIG. 7, when the collapse prevention material on the conveyor reaches the final (right) end of the conveyor, the transport unit group A is completed. The collapse prevention material 12 is necessary only to prevent the upper tier of the first two-tier blocks from collapsing.

When a transport unit group A is created by arranging a certain number of double-stacked blocks B ₂ in this way, the large-sized lifting device 14 waiting on the traverser 3 side picks up the transport unit group A.
Grab the whole thing and move it onto Traversa 3. An example of this large-sized lifting device 14 is shown in FIGS. 10-12. In this example, a transportation unit group A consisting of a total of 60 stacked parallel blocks, 10 blocks in two stages and 6 rows in parallel, is picked up at once.The horizontal movement mechanism is omitted, and only the clamp part is shown. . The base frame 2
3 has a rectangular shape when viewed from above, and has a pair of clamps 25 with rubber 24 on its long sides that hold the outermost joint ends 10 of each block, and on one of its short sides, holds the lower block B. A restraining plate 26 is attached to the surface, and a restraining plate 27 is attached to the other side, which corresponds to the upper half of the surface of the upper block.

The width of each storage area 5 in the yard Y is such that two rows of transportation unit groups A each having a width l can be placed therein, and since the space between the two rows is not very narrow, the joint end of the large-sized lifting device 14 is Even if the clamps 25 on both sides are of a sufficiently strong rotation type, they will not hit the blocks of the transport unit group placed earlier. Suppressing plate 2 that suppresses the surface of the block
6. The backing plate 27 is a simple piece without any rubber because it is an auxiliary means to prevent the arrangement of the block group A from being disturbed by the pressing force of the clamp 25. In particular, the backing plate 27 is designed to prevent the carrying unit group A from being disarranged. Yard storage area 5
Transport unit group A placed first in order to be loaded one after another on
It has a narrow and short shape that can fit into the mutual spacing at the rear of the blocks.

The large-sized lifting device 14 that transfers the transport unit group A from the movable loading area 13 at the group creation position 2 to the traverser 3 is moved and raised/lowered on a traveling device (not shown). A lifting mechanism 14a of the same shape attached to the gate type crane 6 can also be moved laterally, so that the transportation unit group A can be loaded on the storage area 5 in two rows. There is a retaining wall 5a at one end of each storage area 5 to prevent collapse, and the first transportation unit group A is brought down to this retaining wall 5a, and
When unloading from a storage area onto a truck, etc., the items are taken out from a block placed at the other end of the storage area.

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to one embodiment, it is possible for the engineer in charge to make various changes and applications according to the implementation conditions without changing the gist thereof, using his or her known techniques. In the above embodiment, the blocks _B1 arranged in a horizontal row are arranged in parallel as two-tiered blocks _B2 .
For example, they may be stacked in multiple stages, such as three or four stages, and arranged in parallel to form the transportation unit group A. However,
In that case, the backing plate 26 shown in FIGS. 10 and 12 is made longer along the inclined surface of the block to prevent the multi-tiered blocks from slipping and collapsing.

This invention succeeded for the first time in streamlining the yard stacking method and yard stacking device for machi blocks, which are cumbersome to transport and stack in yards. Forklift trucks, which have traditionally been the mainstay of yard loading, have been labor-intensive and ineffective in both transporting and arranging blocks.

This invention did not mechanize the work that used to be done with a forklift truck, but instead made it possible to create multiple stacked blocks _B2 by laying down the blocks horizontally and stacking them by changing the direction of every other block by 180 degrees. We have developed a masonry method suitable for mechanization, in which transport units are assembled and then placed in parallel to create transportation unit group A. We solved difficult problems such as a device for picking up blocks in a horizontal row, a mechanism for arranging the picked up blocks to form a group of transportation units without breaking them, and a device for picking up the group of transportation units without collapsing them. Through the cooperation of
By simply placing items one after another in the yard, the items can be piled up in an orderly manner. This precise yard loading makes it easy to load the required number of blocks onto trucks and ship them under computer control, similar to modern warehouses.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of two examples of the conventional yard stacking configuration of the block, Figure 3 is a plan view of an example of the yard to which this invention is applied, and Figure 4 also shows the movement of the blocks. An explanatory plan view, FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the block, FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of the state in which the block is laid down and the surface pallet is peeled off, and FIG. side view,
Figures 8 and 9 are front and side views of an embodiment of a device for picking up blocks in a horizontal row, and Figures 10 and 11 are
Figures 1 and 12 are an elevational view, a partial plan view, and a side view of an embodiment of a large-sized lifting device for gripping a group of transport units. 6... Gate type crane, 11... Device for picking up blocks in a horizontal row, 13... Possible loading area, 14...
Large lifting device.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A fixed number of intermittent blocks sent in an inverted position with their sides facing down are arranged in a line without any gaps, and this line is inverted in a direction perpendicular to the line to form a horizontal line on a plane. The process of picking up the horizontal row of blocks as they are, transporting them to a flat platform, and lowering them with the rear ends of each block along the collapse prevention material standing there; Place blocks in the same horizontal row on top, turn them 180 degrees, bring the sides of each block close to the collapse prevention material, and place the blocks on the top and bottom rows with their sides aligned, and stack multiple blocks in the vertical direction. The process of stacking blocks, using the surface of each lower block of the stacked blocks as the collapse prevention material, stacking blocks in a horizontal row next to each other in multiple stacks in the same manner is repeated, and one transportation process is carried out. The process of forming a group of units, and the above-mentioned transportation unit group is picked up as it is and transported to the yard, the first transportation unit group is brought down against the retaining wall in the yard, and subsequent transportation unit groups are unloaded first. 1. A method for stacking machi blocks in a yard, comprising the step of sequentially arranging and unloading them in a group of conveying units. 2. The machi blocks, which were carried one after another in a line with their sides facing down, were stopped at the end of the conveyor until they reached the width of the pile in the yard, and after being lined up in a line with no gaps, they were laid down in a direction perpendicular to the line. A device for aligning the blocks horizontally on a flat surface, a mechanism for picking up and lowering the horizontally aligned blocks as they are, a turning mechanism for horizontally rotating the lifting mechanism, and a reciprocating mechanism for reciprocating the lifting mechanism and the turning mechanism. The horizontal rows of blocks are placed in a fixed position, and the blocks are stacked one after another with their directions reversed, and the upper and lower rows of blocks are stacked so that the sides of the blocks are facing in opposite directions to form a multi-tiered stack of blocks. A lifting device for a horizontal row of blocks, comprising a flat floor on which to place the horizontal row of blocks lowered by the lifting device, and when the lifting device creates the first stack of blocks in a fixed position, it picks up a slanted lower block. A movable loading platform having a collapse prevention material to prevent each upper block placed on the side of the movable loading platform from collapsing, and each time a plurality of stacked blocks are built on a fixed position of the movable loading platform, the said loading platform is moved a certain distance. , an intermittent drive device for a movable loading platform that closely arranges a required number of stacked blocks next to each other next to the previously placed block to form a transport unit group on the loading platform; The transportation unit group on the movable loading platform is picked up as it is from the front, back, left and right, and transported to the yard either directly or via a crane equipped with the same type of device, and is first lowered against the retaining wall in the yard. ,
A yard stacking device for machi blocks, characterized by being equipped with a movable large-sized lifting device that sequentially approaches and unloads groups placed in advance.