JPS63302206A - Combustion equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform ignition and combustion of gasfication fuel satisfactorily and prevent the production of carbon which easily adheres to a wall surface by forming a combustion cylinder constituting a gasification and combustion chambers in quadrangle cross section and with corners of curred surface, arrang ing an external cylinder in the outer circumference of the combustion cylinder and making many air through holes which produce air swirling flow in the combustion cylinder. CONSTITUTION:A combustion cylinder 11 is composed of ceramics of low coeffi cient of thermal expansion, its shape is formed in quadrangle cross section and corners of curved surface, an outlet 18 of combustion gas is provided eccen tric from the center and its shape is formed in round cross section. Air for combustion is partially used for swirling promoting action and a large portion thereof is blown into a combustion chamber 6 through air through holes 17 formed in the combustion cylinder 11. The air through holes 17 are formed as suitably inclined in the most suitable state. The air for combustion being introduced forms swirling flow with producing air-fuel mixture which is ideally mixed with gasfication fuel in the combustion cylinder 11, and the air-fuel mixture is ignited by a glow plug 3 and burned.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention is applicable to vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines, trailers, etc., indirect or direct applications for vehicles such as domestic rooms, drying rooms, offices, etc. It relates to combustion equipment applicable to heating equipment, drying equipment, boilers, water heaters, greenhouses, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, when heating a vehicle's interior, cooling water from an internal combustion engine is taken out through hot water piping and guided to a heater device.
Some devices heat the room by indirectly exchanging heat and blowing warm air into the room.

In addition, a heating system for an automobile that heats the room using the amount of heat generated by burning fuel in a burner, that is, a combustor installed separately from the internal combustion engine (for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-252018
In addition, the combustion gas from the combustor is supplied to the engine's intake boat through a heat exchanger, and the air heated by the heat exchanger is guided to the passenger compartment. There are mechanical devices (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-79864).

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, for indoor heating using the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, the temperature of the cooling water rises slowly, so it takes a long time for the heater body to send out hot air, and during that time the heater There is almost no heating function. In addition, for automotive heating systems or engine warm-up systems that use a combustor independent of the internal combustion engine, combustion cycles, exhaust gas processing, etc. require time and effort, and complex mechanisms and control devices are required. There are problems such as: Moreover, it does not disclose technical ideas regarding swirl formation, combustion promotion, prevention of carbon generation, etc. within the combustion cylinder.

By the way, as a prior art, for example, there is a combustor as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 183406/1983, which is an earlier application filed by the present applicant.

This combustor will be outlined with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4. This combustor 30 has a fuel injection port 34 of a vaporizer 32 that penetrates the combustion chamber 36 from a downstream corner of a combustion tube 31 that constitutes a vaporization chamber 37 and a combustion chamber 36 and opens into the vaporization chamber 37. The outer cylinder 35 is arranged so as to form an annular air introduction passage 33 on the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder 31, and the air introduction hole 39 formed in the combustion cylinder 31 is inclined along the air flow line. The combustion tube 31 is partitioned into a vaporization chamber 37 and a combustion chamber 36 by a partition plate 38 having an air flow entrance 40. Also,
The angle of inclination of the air introduction hole 39 formed in the combustion tube 31 gradually increases from a portion facing the air intake port 4I formed in the outer tube 35, and then gradually decreases as it approaches the side opposite to the air intake port 41. It is formed like this.

However, regarding this combustor 30, the combustion tube 31
The inflow angle of the air introduced into the interior has been improved.
This promotes swirling flow within the combustion tube 31. However, in high-calorie combustion devices, the mixing state of fuel and air and the combustion state thereof are important factors. Combustion of fuel and air is usually assisted by air swirl;
If this swirl flow becomes too fast, 1. Flow distribution is 2
This is a phenomenon that does not necessarily promote mixing and combustion completely. For example, this is a phenomenon that occurs even in the combustion chamber of an engine, but in a combustion body that produces a mixture with high swirl, swirl A forced drainage zone near the center and a natural flow zone near the outer periphery are formed. Unless these zones are mixed and agitated, good combustion, that is, complete combustion, will not occur. The combustor 30 has a problem in that it introduces combustion air and mixes and stirs the combustion air and vaporized fuel. When it becomes active, it is not necessarily sufficient to produce a desirable air-fuel mixture, and as a result, the vaporized fuel liquefies and adheres to the inside of the combustion tube 31, or becomes a snowdrift inside the combustion tube 31, which is an undesirable phenomenon. There is a problem that some phenomena may occur.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and in a combustion device that vaporizes fuel at a rapid rate and mixes the vaporized fuel with combustion air for combustion, the air for tPAIA is transferred to an air intake vibrator. The combustion chamber is configured so that it can be easily introduced from the periphery of the combustion tube into the combustion tube in a state of low resistance, and the combustion body that generates a mixture with a merchant whirl in the combustion chamber is forced into a forced region near the center of the vortex. The zone and the natural flow zone near the outer periphery are well mixed and agitated to ideally mix the vaporized fuel and combustion air to generate an air-fuel mixture, and some of the combustion air is also introduced into the vaporization chamber. The vaporized fuel is ignited very well, combustion is performed well, and combustion is promoted, and the generation of carbon, which is likely to occur in the combustion cylinder or attached to the wall thereof, is particularly prevented, and even if carbon is generated, However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a combustion device that can completely burn the fuel without accumulating it by properly stirring the fuel.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve the above problems and achieve the above objects, the present invention is configured as follows.

That is, in the present invention, a combustion tube constituting a vaporization chamber and a combustion chamber is formed to have a square cross section and a curved corner, and an outer tube is arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion tube to form an annular air guide path. Regarding the combustion device characterized in that a large number of air passage holes are formed to generate a swirling air flow from the outer cylinder to the combustion cylinder, more specifically, the combustion gas outlet is offset from the center of the combustion cylinder. The present invention also relates to a combustion device characterized in that the combustion tube is made of a ceramic material.

[Effect]

The combustion device according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, in this combustion device, a combustion tube constituting a vaporization chamber and a combustion chamber is formed to have a square cross section and curved corners, and an outer tube is arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion tube to form an annular air guide path. , a large number of air passage holes are formed to generate a swirling air flow from the outer cylinder to the combustion cylinder,
Even when the swirl flow becomes high speed, the forced flow zone near the center of the swirl flow formed by the combustion body that produces a high swirl mixture is broken by the sides of the square cross section of the combustion tube, and the natural flow zone near the outer periphery It is well mixed and stirred. Therefore, the vaporized fuel and the combustion air are well mixed in the combustion chamber, and a good air-fuel mixture is produced.Moreover, the combustion gas is discharged from the combustion gas outlet having a circular cross section, so that the air-fuel mixture is The combustion is completed, and the combustion gas is guided to the outside of the combustion cylinder while creating a swirl, so that the combustion becomes more active. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of carbon within the combustion cylinder or to completely burn the generated carbon without accumulating it there.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of a combustion device 10 according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ■--■ showing only the combustion tube 11 in FIG. Regarding this combustion device 10, for example, air taken in through an air cleaner of a diesel engine or a gasoline engine, a single air cleaner, etc., or air taken directly from outside or indoors is introduced from an air intake pipe 12, and the combustion Burning gas gas delivery pipe 1
3 directly into the room, or to a heat exchanger (not shown) installed downstream. In the case of sending the heat to the heat exchanger installed downstream, the heat exchanger may be installed in series downstream of the combustion device 10, or may be installed on the outer periphery of the combustion device 10, of course. be. The combustion device 10 includes a combustion cylinder 1 made of ceramics.
1 A metal outer cylinder 14 that covers the outer periphery, and a combustion cylinder 11
and a metal lid plate 5 that seals one end of the outer cylinder 14. A metal combustion gas delivery pipe 13 is provided at the other end of the outer cylinder 14 .

Further, the outer cylinder 14 has an air intake port 4, and a metal air intake pipe 12 is attached to the cylindrical portion in which the air intake port 4 is formed. The air intake pipe 12 is attached in the radial direction of the outer cylinder 14, that is, perpendicularly to the outer cylinder 14. Of course, depending on the case, the air intake pipe may be attached tangentially to the outer cylinder 14. Combustion tube 1
The interior of the combustion chamber 1 is partitioned into two chambers, namely a vaporization chamber 7 and a combustion chamber 6, by a partition plate 8 having an air flow entrance 15 consisting of a plurality of notched passages or the like at the peripheral edge. Furthermore, a large number of air passage holes 17 are formed in the downstream portion of the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 11 that constitutes the combustion chamber 6 . An annular air introduction path 27 is formed between the combustion tube 11 and the outer tube 14, through which combustion air swirls. Further, a combustion gas outlet 18 is formed at an end of the combustion chamber 6 on the opposite side from the vaporization chamber 7 so as to be offset in the radial direction. This combustion gas outlet 18 is connected to the combustion tube 1
By deviating radially from the axis of FIG. 1, the air-fuel mixture can be completely combusted and the combustion gas can be sent to a heat exchanger (not shown) in a good manner. Vaporizer 2
is installed obliquely through the combustion chamber 6 from the downstream corner of the combustion tube 11 toward the communication hole 19 formed in the center of the partition plate 8, and is installed to pass through the combustion chamber 6 from the downstream corner of the combustion tube 11 to the communication hole 19 formed in the center of the partition plate 8. It opens into chamber 7. Further, an ignition glow plug 3 which is a heating plug is installed in the vaporization chamber 7. Vaporizer 2
In this case, a vaporizing glow plug 29 is built into a metal vaporizing pipe 20.

A terminal 21 is located at one end of the vaporizing pipe 20 to supply current to a resistance wire (not shown) made of tungsten or the like embedded in a silicon nitride member of a vaporizing glow plug 29 that is a heating plug.

At the other end of the vaporizing pipe 20, a jetting vibe 22 having a smaller diameter than the vaporizing vibe 20 is attached, and a fuel nozzle hole 23 is formed at the tip of the jetting vibe 22. Further, the vaporizing pipe 20 is provided with a fuel supply vibe 24 . Furthermore, heat receiving fins 28 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the vaporizing pipe 20.

A jetting vibrator 22 extends from the tip of the vaporizing pipe 20, passes through a communication hole 19 formed in the partition plate 8, and further extends through a communication hole 19 formed at the tip of the jetting vibe 22. The fuel nozzle hole 23 is located near the ignition glow plug 3 installed in the vaporization chamber 7 and is open. Regarding this combustion device 10, the material of the combustion tube 11 constituting the vaporization chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 6 is a dense or porous ceramic material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Light can also be used to make the tissue porous and made of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion. Furthermore, it goes without saying that the cover plate 5 of the vaporization chamber 7 may be provided with a dense or porous ceramic member (not shown) having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, depending on the case.

The combustion device 10 according to the present invention has the above-described structure, and is particularly characterized by the following configuration. In this combustion device 10, an outer cylinder 14 is arranged around the outer periphery of a combustion cylinder 11 to form an annular air introduction passage 27, and the combustion cylinder 11 constitutes a vaporization chamber 7 and a combustion chamber 6. As particularly shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the combustion gas outlet 11 is a rectangular cross section with curved corners, and the combustion gas outlet 18 of the combustion tube 11 has a round cross section, that is, a circular shape.

Furthermore, it is preferable that the curved surface of the corner of this combustion tube 11 be formed to be approximately 1/2 to 2/3 of the radius.
Furthermore, the combustion gas outlet 18 is offset from the center of the combustion tube 11. Furthermore, although the shape of the outer cylinder 14 arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder 11 is not particularly shown,
Of course, the shape may correspond to the combustion tube 11, or it may be formed into a cylindrical shape. This combustion device lO
, even if the swirl flow becomes high speed, the forced flow zone near the center of the swirl flow formed by the combustion body that generates a mixture with high swirl corresponds to the side of the rectangular cross section of the combustion tube 11, and the forced flow zone is near the outer periphery. Instead of being separated from the natural flow zone and forming two distribution zones, the two distribution zones are destroyed, and the forced flow zone in the center is well mixed and agitated with the natural flow zone near the outer periphery. Therefore, the liquid fuel is immediately and rapidly vaporized into vaporized fuel by the vaporizer 2 and is injected into the vaporization chamber 7, and the combustion air is passed from the annular air introduction passage 27 around the combustion tube 11 to the combustion tube 11. The vaporized fuel and combustion air are mixed well in the combustion chamber 6, a good air-fuel mixture is produced, and the combustion gas is introduced from the combustion gas outlet 18, which has a round cross section. Since the combustion gas is discharged, the air-fuel mixture is completely combusted, and since the combustion gas is guided to the outside of the combustion tube 11 while creating a swirl, combustion becomes more active. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of carbon within the combustion tube 11 or to completely burn the generated carbon without accumulating it at the bottom. In addition, a small number of air passage holes 17 for promoting swirl flow are formed in the combustion tube 11 located upstream of the annular air introduction passage 27, and a large number of air passage holes 17 are formed in the combustion tube 11 located downstream of the annular air introduction passage 27. 1
7 is formed. Combustion air and combustion gas that flow in through the numerous air passage holes 17 downstream form a swirl that flows across the combustion chamber 6 and the vaporization chamber 7 in the combustion tube 11, but the swirl flow is not promoted. The number, position, and inflow angle of the air passage holes 17 are set with respect to the combustion tube 11 so as to promote this swirling flow. For example, the air passage hole 17 for promoting swirling flow is formed in the combustion tube 11.
In order to promote the swirling flow formed within the combustion tube 11, the combustion tube 11 is formed in an inclined state along the air flow line formed inside the combustion tube 11, that is, the swirl flow line, and the entire circumference of the combustion tube 11 is inclined. Instead, it is formed partially around the area.

However, regarding the swirling flow of combustion air, the combustion tube 11
The combustion air introduced into the combustion chamber 6 through the air passage hole 17 flows into the vaporization chamber 7 through the air circulation opening 15 formed in the upper part of the partition plate 8, for example.
The combustion air that has flowed into the combustion chamber 6 flows into the combustion chamber 6 from the air flow entrance 15 formed in the lower portion of the partition plate 8 together with the vaporized fuel jetted out from the fuel nozzle holes 23 . Combustion air swirls across the vaporization chamber 7 and combustion chamber 6 in the combustion tube ll,
The circulation flows in the above direction, but if the air passage hole I7 for promoting the swirl flow is not formed, the vaporized fuel that has been vaporized once becomes liquefied, and the liquefied fuel is carbonized.
It may adhere to the air circulation opening 15 at the lower part of the combustion tube 11, or it may form a puddle, causing carbon generation. However, in this combustion device 10, since the air passage hole 17 for promoting swirling flow is formed, new air, that is, fresh air, flows from the annular air introduction passage 27 through the air passage hole 17 into the combustion chamber 6. flow into the world. Therefore, the swirling flow of the mixture of combustion air and vaporized fuel in that area is promoted, the combustion of fuel and air is promoted by swirl combustion, and even if carbon is generated, it is blown away by the promoted swirling flow. Alternatively, the carbon is completely combusted by the fresh air, and phenomena such as carbon puddles or carbon adhesion do not occur at all.

The combustion device 10 according to the present invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, the resistance wire of the vaporizing glow plug 29 in the vaporizing pipe 20 is energized to heat the vaporizing glow plug 29 and the fuel supply pipe 24 is heated.
The liquid fuel will be supplied from The liquid fuel is vaporized, and the vaporized fuel is ejected from the fuel nozzle hole 23 of the ejection pipe 22 into the vaporization chamber 7 through the space between the vaporization pipe 20 and the vaporization glow plug 29. On the other hand, combustion air is
Air is introduced from the air intake pipe I2, passes through the annular space between the outer cylinder 14 and the combustion cylinder 11, that is, the annular air introduction passage 27, and a part of the air is blown into the combustion chamber 6 from the air passage hole 17 for promoting swirling flow. Most of the air is blown into the combustion chamber 6 through a large number of air passage holes 17 formed in the combustion tube 11 . As shown in FIG. 2, the air passage hole 17 is formed in the combustion tube 11 with an appropriate inclination in an optimal state. That is, the air intake pipe 12 passes through the air intake port 4 to the annular air introduction path 2.
The combustion air blown into the combustion chamber 7 is partially blown into the combustion chamber 6 from the air passage hole 17 while swirling within the annular air introduction passage 27, and most of the combustion air is blown into the combustion chamber 6 through the annular air introduction passage 27 downstream. The combustion air is then blown into the combustion chamber 6 from the annular air introduction passage 27 through the air passage hole 17 formed downstream of the combustion tube 11 .

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the combustion air fed into the combustion tube 11, that is, into the combustion chamber 6, evenly or unevenly all around the circumference from the air passage hole 17 of the combustion tube 11 is extremely It is blown into the combustion chamber 6 of the combustion tube 11 in an ideal state. The introduced combustion air is ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel in the combustion tube 11 to generate an air-fuel mixture and a swirling flow, and the combustion air blown from the air passage hole 17 for promoting swirl can promote the swirling flow formed within the combustion tube 11. There, the fuel obtains combustion air and is ignited by the ignition glow plug 3, and furthermore, the vaporized fuel and the combustion air become a mixture and are combusted.Next, the vaporized fuel is blown out into the combustion chamber 6. , is made into a more homogeneous mixture with the combustion air in the combustion chamber 6,
It will burn more completely and vigorously. Even when combustion becomes active, that is, when a high calorie is produced, the combustion tube 11 has a rectangular cross section and curved corners, so that it is ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel and the air-fuel mixture is produced. At the same time, a swirling flow is formed, that is, an air-fuel mixture is generated in a well-mixed state without being divided into a forced flow zone and a natural flow zone, and combustion becomes more active. The vaporized fuel is combusted and becomes combustion gas, which is passed from a combustion gas outlet 18 with a round cross section formed at the downstream end of the combustion tube 11 to a combustion gas delivery pipe 13 to a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like. Sent out. When the combustion state in the combustion chamber 6 becomes active, heat of vaporization is received through the vaporization pipe 20 of the vaporization device 2 and the heat receiving fins provided on the vaporization pipe 20. In this state, the supply of electricity to the vaporizing glow plug 29 is stopped. Thereafter, the liquid fuel receives combustion heat, in other words, gas specific heat, from the combustion chamber 6 and is vaporized, becoming vaporized fuel and generating a mixture with combustion air to continue combustion. In this combustion action, the liquid fuel is heated and vaporized by the vaporizing glow plug 29, and the vaporized fuel is ejected from the fuel nozzle hole 23. When oil droplets are mixed with the vaporized fuel and ejected, they collide with the lid plate 5, the combustion tube 11, etc., and turn into fuel liquid, which causes the lid plate 5,
It may flow down the partition plate 8 to the bottom. In that case, by attaching a ceramic member or the like to the cover plate 5 and taking measures such as heat insulation, it is possible to prevent it from being cooled by the outside air, and the collided vaporized fuel and oil droplet fuel can absorb heat. It is possible to prevent a situation in which vaporized fuel is liquefied. In addition, the air passage hole 17 is formed only in a part of the entire circumference of the combustion tube 11, that is, in a part that cannot go against the swirling flow, and is formed at an inclined angle, so that the combustion air is kept in an extremely ideal state. ,In other words,
The combustion tube 11 is in a state that promotes a swirl, that is, a swirling flow.
It can be blown into the fuel tank and ideally mixed with vaporized fuel to create a mixture and promote combustion.

〔Effect of the invention〕

The combustion device according to the present invention is configured as described above, and has the following effects. In this combustion device, a combustion tube constituting a vaporization chamber and a combustion chamber is formed to have a square cross section and a curved corner, an outer tube is arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion tube to form an annular air guide passage, and Since we have formed a large number of air passage holes that generate swirling airflow from the outer cylinder to the combustion cylinder, even if the swirl flow becomes high speed, the center of the swirl flow formed by the combustion body that produces a mixture with high swirl. The forced flow zone is broken by the sides of the rectangular cross section of the combustion tube,
Good mixing and agitation with the natural flow zone near the outer periphery. Therefore, the liquid fuel is immediately and rapidly vaporized into vaporized fuel by the vaporization device and is injected into the vaporization chamber, and combustion air is introduced into the combustion tube from the annular air introduction path around the combustion tube. The vaporized fuel and the combustion air are mixed well in the combustion chamber, a good air-fuel mixture is generated, and the combustion gas is introduced from the combustion gas outlet, which has a round cross section, into the combustion chamber. Since the gas is discharged, the air-fuel mixture is completely combusted, and the combustion gas is guided to the outside of the combustion tube while creating a swirl, so that combustion becomes more active. Therefore, the air-fuel mixture can be completely combusted without preventing carbon from being generated within the combustion cylinder or accumulating the generated carbon therein. Therefore, this combustion device can rapidly vaporize liquid fuel, rapidly ignite the vaporized fuel, and burn it rapidly and reliably, thus rapidly contributing to heating, etc. It is. Furthermore, since the combustion tube itself is made of ceramic material, even if the combustion tube has a square cross-section with curved corners and a combustion gas outlet having a circular cross-section, it can be easily and uniformly shaped. It can be manufactured.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view of only the combustion tube taken along the line nn in FIG. A sectional view showing an example, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-rl/ in FIG. 3. 2---... Vaporizing device, 3--... Glove lug for single ignition, 4--... Air intake port, 5--...
−・Lid plate, 6・−・・−・Combustion chamber, 7・−・−・・−
Vaporization chamber, 8...--Partition plate, 10...--
Combustion device, 11・-----One combustion cylinder, 12-...
- Air intake vibe, 13...- Combustion gas delivery pipe, 14...- Outer cylinder, 15...- Air circulation opening, 17-... Air introduction hole, 18- ----- Combustion gas outlet, 19... Series of holes, 20... Vaporization pipe, 21... Terminal, 22... Ejection pipe, 23... -・-Fuel injection hole, 24...
・Fuel supply pipe, 27--Annular air introduction path, 28
−・・・−・Heat receiving fin, 29・−・−・−・Glow plug for vaporization. Patent Applicant: Isuso Jidosha Co., Ltd. Agent, Patent Attorney: Sou Onaka, Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Ward Figure 4

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A combustion tube constituting a vaporizing chamber and a combustion chamber is formed to have a square cross section and a curved corner, and an outer tube is arranged around the outer periphery of the combustion tube to form an annular air guide passage, and the outer tube A combustion device characterized in that a large number of air passage holes are formed in the combustion cylinder to generate a swirling air flow. (2) The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the combustion gas outlet is offset from the center of the combustion tube. (3) The combustion device according to claim 1, wherein the combustion tube is made of a ceramic material.