JPH064179Y2 - Combustion device - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial field of application] The present invention is directed to a vehicle equipped with an internal combustion engine or the like, a vehicle such as a trailer, a home room, a drying room, a room such as an office, which is indirect or direct. The present invention relates to a combustion device applicable to a heating device, a drying device, a boiler, a water heater, a greenhouse, and the like.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, for indoor heating of a vehicle, cooling water of an internal combustion engine is taken out by a hot water pipe, which is guided to a heater device, and indirectly performs heat exchange to send hot air into the room to perform indoor heating. There is.

In addition, there is a heating device for an automobile (for example, see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 60-252018) that heats the interior of a room by the amount of heat generated by burning fuel with a combustor regardless of the internal combustion engine.

Further, the combustion gas of the combustor is supplied to the intake port of the engine through the heat exchanger and the air heated by the heat exchanger is introduced into the passenger compartment of the engine. 61-79864).

Further, JP-A-62-69009 and JP-A-62-1
There is also a combustor as disclosed in the 98322 publication.

The combustor disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-69009 will be outlined with reference to FIG. In the combustor 50, the inside of the combustion cylinder 51 is partitioned into a vaporization chamber 54 and a combustion chamber 56 having an air introduction hole 55 in the peripheral wall by a partition plate 52 having a plurality of cutout passages 53 in the peripheral portion, and the vaporization chamber 54 is divided. The fuel vaporizer is provided with a nozzle 57 for ejecting vaporized fuel, which is opened to, and a fin 58 on the outer peripheral surface. In the figure,
Reference numeral 59 indicates a cover plate.

The combustor disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-198322 will be outlined with reference to FIG. The combustion chamber 60
Divides the combustion cylinder 61 into a vaporization chamber 64 and a combustion chamber 66 by a partition plate 62 having an opening 63, forms the vaporization chamber 64 above the combustion cylinder 61 and the combustion chamber 66 below, and penetrates the combustion chamber 66. The fuel injection pipe 70 of the vaporizer 65 is connected to the vaporization chamber 6
4 is provided on the ignition glow plug 67 in the vaporization chamber 64. In the combustor 60, an air introduction hole 68 is formed in the lower portion of the combustion chamber 66, and a combustion gas delivery port 69 is formed in the bottom portion of the combustion chamber 66.

[Problems to be solved by the invention]

However, in the case of performing indoor heating using the cooling water of the internal combustion engine, it takes a long time for the heater body to send out warm air because the temperature rising rate of the cooling water is slow,
During that time, the heater has almost no heating function.

Further, a heating device for an automobile or a warming device for an engine which uses a combustor irrespective of the internal combustion engine requires time and labor for the combustion cycle, exhaust gas treatment, etc., and requires a complicated mechanism and control device. To do.

In addition, the combustor 50 is provided with respect to the introduction of combustion air.
The vaporized fuel is liquefied and adheres to the inside of the combustion cylinder 51 or the combustion cylinder 5
To prevent a state in which carbon is generated as a blow-up in 1 and to generate a good air-fuel mixture with respect to a mixed state of combustion air and vaporized fuel after introduction,
It does not have the purpose of carbon generation prevention measures.

Further, the combustor 60 is a vertical combustion cylinder 61, and makes the distribution of the mixture of air and vaporized fuel uniform.
The structure is designed to prevent the occurrence of a fuel pool due to incomplete combustion or poor vaporization. Even if a fuel pool occurs, it is immediately vaporized to completely burn the fuel, but the vaporized fuel is liquefied again. It does not have the purpose of preventing

An object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems, and in a combustion apparatus that vaporizes fuel at a rapid speed and mixes the vaporized fuel with combustion air to burn the combustion air, It is configured so that it can be easily introduced into the combustion cylinder from the periphery of the combustion cylinder smoothly and in a low resistance state, and a part of the combustion air is also introduced into the vaporization chamber to make the vaporized fuel extremely good. It ignites, in particular, before the vaporized fuel ejected from the vaporizer reaches the wall of the vaporization chamber, the vaporized fuel and the combustion air are ideally mixed in the vaporization chamber to generate a mixture and burn. The present invention is to provide a combustion device which can prevent the generation of mist carbon in the vaporization chamber, prevent the generation of carbon that tends to adhere to the wall surface in the combustion cylinder, and completely combust it.

[Means for solving problems]

The present invention is configured as follows in order to achieve the above object. That is, the present invention is directed to a combustion cylinder having a combustion gas outlet having a large number of air introduction holes, a partition plate having an opening dividing the inside of the combustion cylinder into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber, and vaporizing the combustion chamber. A vaporization device in which a pipe is arranged and a fuel ejection port is opened in the vaporization chamber, and a reach distance of the ejected fuel in the vaporization chamber facing the fuel ejection port and in a fuel ejection direction from the fuel ejection port The present invention relates to a combustion device having a vaporization chamber forming plate formed on a hemispherical inner surface having the longest shape.

[Action]

The combustion device according to the present invention is configured as described above and operates as follows. That is, in this combustion device, the combustion cylinder is divided into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber by a partition plate having an air circulation opening, and a fuel injection port of the vaporization device is opened through the partition plate to the vaporization chamber, Since the wall surface of the vaporization chamber forming plate facing the ejection port is formed in a hemispherical inner surface, and further the arrival distance of the fuel ejection port in the fuel ejection direction is the longest, the liquid fuel is immediately and directly generated by the vaporization device. The vaporized fuel vaporized at a rapid speed to be vaporized fuel, and the vaporized fuel ejected from the fuel ejection port to the vaporization chamber does not interfere with the ejection streamline, promotes mixing with the combustion air, and vaporizes fuel It does not liquefy and generate mist carbon.

Further, the combustion air easily enters the combustion cylinder from the annular air introduction passage around the combustion cylinder smoothly and in a low resistance state, and the vaporized fuel and the combustion air are mixed well in the vaporization chamber. A mixture is produced. Moreover, the portion where the vaporized fuel in the vaporization chamber is likely to be liquefied and carbon is easily generated, that is, the air introduction hole located upstream of the air straightening plate, is designed to promote the swirl flow along the swirl flow. Is introduced into the vaporization chamber to prevent the generation of carbon or to completely burn the generated carbon.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 1, the combustion device is indicated generally by the numeral 10. The combustion device 10 is, for example, an air cleaner for a diesel engine or a gasoline engine,
Whether the air taken in through a single air cleaner or the like, or the air taken in directly from the outside or inside the room is introduced from the air intake pipe 12 and the combustion gas of the combustion device 10 is directly sent out to the room etc. from the combustion gas delivery pipe 13. ,
Alternatively, it is sent to a heat exchanger (not shown) installed downstream. When sending out to the heat exchanger installed downstream, the heat exchanger may be installed in series downstream of the combustion apparatus 10 or may be installed on the outer periphery of the combustion apparatus 10.

The combustion device 10 includes a combustion cylinder 11 made of ceramics, an outer cylinder 14 made of metal that covers the outer periphery thereof, the combustion cylinder 11 and the outer cylinder 1.
4 is composed of a metal outer lid plate 5 having one end sealed and a vaporization chamber forming plate 25 forming the vaporization chamber 7.
The other end of the outer cylinder 14 is provided with a combustion gas delivery pipe 13 made of metal.
Is provided. The outer cylinder 14 has an air intake port 4, and a metal air intake pipe 12 is attached to the tubular portion in which the air intake port 4 is formed. The air intake pipe 12 is attached in a radial direction of the outer cylinder 14, that is, perpendicular to the outer cylinder 14. In some cases, the air intake pipe may be tangentially attached to the outer cylinder 14.

The interior of the combustion cylinder 11 is divided into two chambers, that is, a vaporization chamber 7 and a combustion chamber 6 by a partition plate 8 having a plurality of openings such as cutout passages, that is, air circulation openings 15 in the peripheral portion. Furthermore, the end of the combustion cylinder 11 is closed by a vaporization chamber forming plate 25 so as to form the vaporization chamber 7.

Further, a large number of air introduction holes 17 are formed in the downstream portion of the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 11 that constitutes the combustion chamber 6. An annular air introduction path 27 through which combustion air swirls is formed between the combustion tube 11 and the outer tube 14, and an air rectifying plate 16 is installed in the annular air introduction path 27.

The air rectifying plate 16 is composed of an annular air guide plate having a large number of air guide holes 9 and distributes the combustion air introduced from the air intake pipe 12 into an even or uniform state, and further to the annular air introducing passage 27. Combustion air is introduced in a uniform state, or is introduced in an uneven state, and then the air introduction hole 1
It can be configured so as to be introduced into the combustion cylinder 11 from 7 to promote the flow of the swirling flow formed in the combustion cylinder 11.

Further, a combustion gas delivery port 18 is formed in the end portion of the combustion chamber 6 on the side opposite to the vaporization chamber 7 so as to be radially offset. When the combustion gas delivery port 18 is positioned in a radially biased state, the combustion gas can be delivered to the heat exchanger satisfactorily. The vaporizer 2 includes a partition plate 8 from the downstream corner of the combustion tube 11.
It is installed so as to penetrate through the combustion chamber 6 obliquely toward the opening, that is, the communication hole 19 formed in the central part of the above, and the fuel injection port 23 of the vaporizer 2 is opened to the vaporization chamber 7.

Further, an ignition glow plug 3 which is a heating plug is installed in the vaporization chamber 7. The vaporizer 2 has a vaporization glow plug 29 built in a metal vaporization pipe 20. A terminal 21 for supplying a current to a resistance wire made of tungsten or the like embedded in a silicon nitride member of a vaporization glow plug 29 which is a heating plug is located at one end of the vaporization pipe 20. A jet pipe 22 having a smaller diameter than the vapor pipe 20 is attached to the other end of the vapor pipe 20, and a fuel jet port 23 is formed at the tip of the jet pipe 22. Further, the vaporization pipe 20 is provided with a fuel supply pipe 24.

Further, heat receiving fins 28 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the vaporization pipe 20. An ejection pipe 22 extends from the tip of the vaporization pipe 20, the ejection pipe 22 penetrates a communication hole 19 formed in the partition plate 8, and the ejection pipe 2 further extends.
The fuel injection port 23 formed at the tip of 2 is located near the ignition glow plug 3 installed in the vaporization chamber 7 and opens.

Regarding the combustion device 10, the material of the combustion cylinder 11 that forms the vaporization chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 6 is a dense or porous ceramic member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, it is possible to use cordierite as the material made of ceramics to make the tissue porous and to make it with a material having a small coefficient of thermal expansion. The outer lid plate 5 of the vaporization chamber 7 or the vaporization chamber forming plate 25 may be provided with a dense or porous ceramic member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion.

In addition to the above configuration, the combustion device 10 is particularly characterized by the following configuration. Note that FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG. 1, and the positional relationship between the air intake port 4 and the air intake pipe 12 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is different. The drawing is drawn to show the relationship between the annular air introduction passage 27 and the air intake pipe 12.

This combustion device 10 divides a combustion cylinder 11 into a combustion chamber 6 and a vaporization chamber 7 by a partition plate 8 having an air circulation opening 15.
The ejection pipe 2 of the vaporizer 2 which is partially located in the combustion chamber 6.
2 through the communication hole 19 of the partition plate 8
The fuel injection port 23 is opened to the vaporization chamber 7, the end of the combustion cylinder 11 is closed, and the vaporization chamber 7 facing the fuel ejection port 23 is formed. It is characterized by having done. The concave surface 26 is formed as a hemispherical inner surface, and is formed so that the arrival distance D of the fuel injection port 23 in the fuel injection direction is the longest.

Further, the air rectifying plate 16 is arranged in the middle of the annular air introduction passage 27 formed by arranging the outer cylinder 14 on the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder 11.
In order to introduce air into the combustion chamber 6, a large number of air introducing holes 17 are formed in the combustion cylinder 11 located downstream of the air rectifying plate 16 and a swirling flow is promoted in the combustion cylinder 11 located upstream of the air rectifying plate 16. The air introduction hole 1 is formed.

Combustion air and combustion gas flowing through a large number of air introduction holes 17 form a swirl, that is, a swirl flow that flows between the combustion chamber 6 and the vaporization chamber 7 in the combustion cylinder 11, but the swirl flow promotion air is used. The introduction holes 1 have the number, position, and inflow angle of the air introduction holes 1 set with respect to the combustion cylinder 11 so as to promote this swirling flow.

For example, the air introduction hole 1 for accelerating the swirl flow is formed in the combustion cylinder 11 so as to promote the flow of the swirl flow formed in the combustion cylinder 11.
On the other hand, it is formed in an inclined state along the air stream line, that is, the swirling stream line formed inside thereof, or is formed around a part of the combustion cylinder 11 instead of the entire circumference. However, the swirling flow of the combustion air is the combustion air introduced from the air introduction hole 17 of the combustion cylinder 11 into the combustion chamber 6, for example, indicated by the symbol A (see FIG. 2) formed on the partition plate 8. It flows into the vaporization chamber 7 from the air circulation opening 15 in the upper portion.

Next, the combustion air that has flowed into the vaporization chamber 7, together with the vaporized fuel that has been ejected from the fuel ejection port 23, is provided through the air circulation opening 15 at the lower portion, which is formed at the partition plate 8 and is indicated by the symbol B (see FIG. 2). It flows into the combustion chamber 6. The swirling flow of the combustion air flows in the above-described direction over the vaporization chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 6 in the combustion cylinder 11. Air introduction hole 1 for swirling flow promotion
When the vaporized fuel is not formed, the vaporized fuel that has once vaporized is liquefied, and the liquefied fuel is carbonized and adheres to the lower portion of the combustion cylinder 11, that is, the portion of the air circulation opening 15 shown by the symbol B (see FIG. 2). Or, it becomes a trap and causes generation of carbon.

However, in this combustion device 10, since the air introduction hole 1 for swirling flow promotion is formed over about 60% of the circumference of the combustion cylinder 11 centering on the air circulation opening 15 shown by the symbol B, the annular air introduction passage 27. Fresh air, that is, fresh air, flows into the combustion chamber 6 through the air introduction hole 1. Therefore, the flow of the swirling flow of the mixture of the combustion air and the vaporized fuel at that portion is promoted, and even if carbon is generated, it is blown off by the accelerated swirling flow,
Alternatively, carbon is burned by the fresh air, and there is no phenomenon that carbon is blown in the area or that carbon is attached.

The combustion device 10 is configured as described above and operates as follows. That is, the resistance wire of the vaporization glow plug 29 in the vaporization pipe 20 is energized to heat the vaporization glow plug 29 and supply the liquid fuel from the fuel supply pipe 24. The liquid fuel is vaporized, and the vaporized fuel is ejected into the vaporization chamber 7 through the space between the vaporization pipe 20 and the vaporization glow plug 29 from the fuel ejection port 23 of the ejection pipe 22.

At this time, the inner wall surface of the vaporization chamber forming plate 25 forming the vaporization chamber 7 facing the fuel ejection port 23 is formed into a concave surface 26, that is, a hemispherical inner surface, and the fuel ejection port 23 reaches in the fuel ejection direction. Since the distance D is formed so as to be the longest, the vaporized fuel ejected from the fuel ejection port 23 into the vaporization chamber 7 does not interfere with the ejection streamline thereof, is sufficiently mixed with air, and the vaporized fuel is It does not liquefy and generate mist carbon.

On the other hand, the combustion air is sent from the air intake pipe 12, passes through the annular space between the outer cylinder 14 and the combustion cylinder 11, that is, the annular air introduction passage 27, and a part of the combustion air flows from the air introduction hole 1 to the combustion chamber 6.
Most of the air is blown into the air straightening plate 16 through a large number of air guide holes 9 formed at substantially equal distances (different distances in some cases), and then from an air introduction hole 17 formed in the combustion cylinder 11. It is blown into the combustion chamber 6. That is, the combustion air blown from the air intake pipe 12 through the air intake port 4 into the annular air introduction passage 27 swirls in the annular air introduction passage 27 while part of the combustion air passes from the air introduction hole 1 to the combustion chamber 6.
At the same time, most of the combustion air is blown from the air guide hole 9 formed in the air straightening plate 16 into the downstream annular air introduction passage 27 in a uniform or non-uniform manner.

Next, the combustion air is supplied from the annular air introduction passage 27 to the combustion cylinder 1
1 is fed into the combustion chamber 6 through an air introduction hole 17 formed downstream. Therefore, the combustion air sent from the air introduction hole 17 of the combustion cylinder 11 into the combustion cylinder 11 in a uniform or non-uniform manner all around the circumference, that is, into the combustion chamber 6 is extremely ideal. The combustion air blown into the combustion chamber 6 is ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel to generate a mixture and a swirl flow is formed. Further, the combustion air blown from the air introduction hole 1 is formed in the combustion cylinder 11. The swirling flow that is present can be promoted. Therefore, the fuel obtains combustion air and is ignited by the ignition glow plug 3, and the vaporized fuel and the combustion air are burned as a mixture.

Next, the vaporized fuel and the combustion air are blown out into the combustion chamber 6, and in the combustion chamber 6, a more homogeneous mixture with the combustion air is produced, and the combustion is completed and vigorously. The vaporized fuel is combusted into combustion gas, which is delivered from a combustion gas delivery port 18 formed at the downstream end of the combustion cylinder 11 through a combustion gas delivery pipe 13 to a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like. . When the combustion state in the combustion chamber 6 becomes vigorous, the vaporization heat is received via the vaporization pipe 20 of the vaporization device 2 and the heat receiving fins 28 provided in the vaporization pipe 20. In this state, the power supply to the vaporizing glow plug 29 is stopped.

After that, the liquid fuel receives the heat of combustion from the combustion chamber 6, in other words, is vaporized by the heat of vaporization, becomes vaporized fuel, and produces combustion air and air-fuel mixture to continue combustion. In this combustion action, the liquid fuel is heated and vaporized by the vaporizing glow plug 29, and the vaporized fuel is ejected from the fuel ejection port 23.
At this time, if vaporization of the liquid fuel is incomplete or oil droplets are mixed and ejected from the vaporized fuel from the fuel ejection port 23, the liquid fuel collides with the outer lid plate 5, the combustion cylinder 11 and the like to become a fuel liquid. The outer cover plate 5 and the partition plate 8 may flow down to the bottom. In that case, it is possible to prevent the outer cover plate 5 from being cooled by the outside air by attaching a ceramic member or the like to the outer lid plate 5 and taking measures such as heat insulation. It is also possible to prevent the state in which the vaporized fuel is liquefied and to prevent the generation state of mist carbon.

Further, since the air introduction hole 1 is formed only at a part of the entire circumference of the combustion cylinder 11, that is, at a portion that does not oppose the swirling flow and is formed with an inclination angle, the combustion air is in an extremely ideal state, In other words, it can be blown into the combustion cylinder 11 in a state of promoting the swirl, that is, a swirling flow, ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel to generate a mixture, and the combustion can be promoted.

As described above, the embodiment of the combustion apparatus according to the present invention has been described in detail, but the invention is not necessarily limited to these details. For example, the combustion cylinder is a horizontal type installed in a substantially horizontal direction, It may be installed in any direction and can be changed according to the conditions such as the installation location. Regarding the partition plate that partitions the inside of the combustion cylinder, instead of providing a plurality of cutout passages, etc., at the periphery of the combustion chamber, an air circulation opening consisting of a plurality of through holes should be provided at an appropriate portion of the partition plate. Alternatively, the air passage openings of both the cutout passage and the through hole may be formed.

Further, a dense or porous ceramic member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion may be installed on the outer lid plate or the vaporizing chamber forming plate, and the air intake pipe and the vaporizer are approximately 9
Although it is provided in a direction apart from 0 degree (about 270 degrees from the opposite direction), it is not limited to such a positional relationship. Further, the shape, size, formation position, etc. of the air introduction hole formed in the combustion cylinder can be changed.

[Effect of device]

The combustion device according to the present invention is configured as described above and has the following effects. That is, this combustion device
The combustion cylinder is divided into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber by a partition plate having an air circulation opening, and a fuel injection port of a vaporization device is opened through the partition plate to the vaporization chamber and faces the fuel injection port. Since the forming plate is formed on the inner surface of the hemisphere so that the reaching distance of the ejected fuel in the fuel ejection direction of the fuel ejection port becomes the longest, the liquid fuel is immediately and rapidly vaporized by the vaporizer. The vaporized fuel, which has been turned into vaporized fuel and is jetted from the fuel jet port to the vaporization chamber, is jetted far away without obstructing the jet flow line, and vaporized fuel is liquefied to generate mist carbon. There is no such phenomenon.

Further, the liquid fuel is immediately and rapidly vaporized into vaporized fuel by the vaporizer, and the vaporized fuel injected into the vaporization chamber can mix well with combustion air in the vaporization chamber, which is excellent. Thus, the air-fuel mixture is generated, combustion can be vigorously performed, and the combustion gas can be vigorously sent out from the combustion chamber to a predetermined place, for example, a heat exchanger.

Further, since the vaporizer having the vaporization glow plug is arranged in the combustion cylinder, the liquid fuel is vaporized into vaporized fuel rapidly and surely by the vaporization glow plug at the beginning of combustion, Even after the vaporization glow plug has been turned off, the heat of combustion is obtained from the combustion chamber and vaporized fuel is immediately generated.

Therefore, according to this combustion device, the liquid fuel can be rapidly vaporized, the vaporized fuel can be rapidly ignited to burn rapidly and surely, and therefore, it is possible to contribute to heating or the like rapidly, that is, quickly.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a combustion apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a prior art combustor. , And 4th
The figure is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a prior art combustor. 1 ... Air introduction hole, 2 ... Vaporizer, 5 ... Outer cover plate,
6 ... Combustion chamber, 7 ... Vaporization chamber, 8 ... Partition plate, 10 ...
Combustion device, 11 ... Combustion tube, 15 ... Air circulation opening, 1
7 ... Air introduction hole, 18 ... Combustion gas delivery port, 20 ...
Vaporization pipe, 23 ... Fuel injection port, 25 ... Vaporization chamber forming plate, 26 ... Concave surface (hemispherical inner surface).

Claims (1)

[Scope of utility model registration request] 1. A combustion cylinder having a combustion gas outlet having a large number of air introduction holes, a partition plate having an opening dividing the inside of the combustion cylinder into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber, and a vaporization pipe in the combustion chamber. And a vaporization device in which a fuel jet port is opened in the vaporization chamber, and a jet fuel which is arranged in the vaporization chamber so as to face the fuel jet port and has a maximum reaching distance of the ejected fuel in the fuel jet direction from the fuel jet port. A combustion device having a vaporization chamber forming plate formed on an inner surface of a hemispherical shape having an elongated shape.