JPH0523930Y2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed explanation of the invention] [Industrial application field] This invention is suitable for indirect or direct use in vehicles equipped with internal combustion engines, vehicles such as trailers, domestic rooms, drying rooms, offices, etc. It relates to combustion equipment applicable to heating equipment, drying equipment, boilers, water heaters, greenhouses, etc.

[Conventional technology]

Conventionally, for example, to heat the interior of a vehicle, cooling water from the internal combustion engine is taken out through hot water piping, guided to a heater device, where heat is exchanged indirectly, and warm air is sent into the vehicle to heat the interior of the vehicle. something is disclosed.

In addition, a heating system for an automobile that heats the room by the amount of heat generated by burning fuel in a combustor regardless of the internal combustion engine (for example,
252018] is disclosed.

Furthermore, an engine warm-up device (for example, an engine warm-up device designed to supply combustion gas from the combustor to the intake port of the engine via a heat exchanger and to guide air heated by the heat exchanger to the passenger compartment) 61-79864) is disclosed.

In addition, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 60-207330 (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 62-69009) filed by the present applicant;
There is a combustor as disclosed in Utility Model Application No. 1987-87263 (see Utility Model Application No. 198322-1988).

The combustor described in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 62-69009 will be outlined with reference to FIG. The combustor 50 has a plurality of notched passages 53 on the periphery inside the combustion cylinder 51.
The combustion chamber 56 is divided into a vaporization chamber 54 and a combustion chamber 56 having an air introduction hole 55 in the peripheral wall by a partition plate 52 having a partition plate 52, which has a nozzle 57 for ejecting vaporized fuel that opens into the vaporization chamber 54, and has fins 58 on the outer peripheral surface. A combustor with a fuel vaporization device is disclosed. In the figure, 59 indicates a lid plate.

Further, the combustor described in Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 62-198322 will be outlined with reference to FIG. The combustor 60
The combustion tube 61 is partitioned into a vaporization chamber 64 and a combustion chamber 66 by a partition plate 62 having an opening 63, and the vaporization chamber 64 is provided in the upper part of the combustion tube 61 and the combustion chamber 66 is provided in the lower part.
A fuel injection pipe 70 of a vaporizer 65 that penetrates a combustion chamber 66 is opened into a vaporization chamber 64, and an ignition glow plug 67 is provided in the vaporization chamber 64. The combustor 60 has an air introduction hole 68 formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 66, and a combustion gas outlet 69 formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 66.

[Problem that the invention attempts to solve]

However, in those systems that use the internal combustion engine's cooling water to heat the room, the temperature of the cooling water rises slowly, so it takes a long time for the heater body to send out hot air, and during that time the heater is turned off. There is almost no heating function. In addition, automotive heating systems or engine warm-up systems that use a combustor independent of the internal combustion engine require time and effort for combustion cycles, exhaust gas processing, etc., and require complicated mechanisms and control devices. There are problems such as:

In addition, the combustor 50 is not sufficient to properly introduce combustion air into the combustion tube 51, and the vaporized fuel may liquefy and adhere to the inside of the combustion tube 51. Alternatively, an unfavorable condition may occur in which carbon forms as a cloud in the combustion tube 51, or the mixing state of the combustion air and vaporized fuel after introduction is not sufficient to produce a preferable air-fuel mixture. .

Further, the combustor 60 is a vertical combustion tube 61, which homogenizes the distribution of the mixture of air and vaporized fuel, and prevents fuel accumulation due to incomplete combustion or poor vaporization. Although the structure is satisfactory in that it is constructed in such a way that it is difficult for fuel accumulation to occur, and even if fuel accumulation occurs, it is vaporized immediately and the fuel is completely combusted. , especially the combustion chamber 66
This does not disclose the technical concept of preventing carbon from adhering to the inside of the body.

The purpose of this invention is to solve the above problems, and in a combustion device that vaporizes fuel at a rapid rate and mixes the vaporized fuel with combustion air for combustion, the combustion air is passed through the air intake pipe. Introduced from
A uniform flow state from the periphery of the combustion cylinder is easily introduced into the combustion cylinder in a smooth and low resistance state, and a part of the combustion air is also introduced into the vaporization chamber to ignite the vaporized fuel extremely well, Furthermore, the vaporized fuel and combustion air are ideally mixed in the vaporization chamber to generate an air-fuel mixture to promote combustion, and to prevent the generation of carbon, which is particularly likely to be generated inside the combustion cylinder or attached to its wall. To provide a combustion device which can completely burn carbon without accumulating carbon in the combustion chamber by feeding fresh air into the combustion chamber even if carbon is generated.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve the above object, this invention is constructed as follows. That is, this invention includes a combustion tube formed with a large number of air introduction holes, a partition plate having an opening that divides the inside of the combustion tube into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber and communicates between the two chambers, and a partition plate provided in the combustion chamber. a vaporizer in which a vaporizing pipe is disposed and a fuel injection port is opened in the vaporizing chamber; an outer cylinder provided with an air intake port forming an annular air introduction path on the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder; an air baffle plate provided in an air introduction path and provided with a large number of air guide holes for guiding combustion air; The present invention relates to a combustion device having an air introduction hole for promoting swirl flow formed in a combustion tube.

Further, in this combustion device, the air introduction hole for promoting swirl flow is formed in the combustion tube in an inclined state along a swirl flow line so as to promote the swirl flow formed in the combustion tube. It is.

Further, in this combustion device, the air introduction hole for promoting swirling flow is formed around a part of the combustion tube so as to promote the swirling flow formed within the combustion tube.

[Effect]

The combustion device according to this invention is constructed as described above and operates as follows. That is, in this combustion device, a fuel jet port of the vaporizer is opened in a vaporization chamber in a combustion cylinder, and an air baffle plate is arranged in an annular air introduction path formed by arranging an outer cylinder around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder. A large number of air introduction holes are formed in the combustion tube located downstream of the air straightening plate, and air introduction holes for promoting swirling flow are formed in the combustion tube located upstream of the air straightening plate. is immediately and rapidly vaporized into vaporized fuel by the vaporization device, and is injected into the vaporization chamber, and combustion air is smoothly introduced into the combustion tube from the annular air introduction path around the combustion tube. Furthermore, the vaporized fuel and the combustion air can be mixed well in the vaporization chamber, and a good air-fuel mixture can be produced.

In particular, fresh air is introduced so as to follow a swirling flow, that is, to promote the swirling flow, through the air introduction hole located at a location where vaporized fuel is likely to liquefy and generate carbon, that is, upstream of the air baffle plate. It is possible to prevent the generation of carbon or to completely burn the generated carbon without accumulating it there.

Further, an air intake pipe is attached to the outer cylinder in its radial direction, and since the air baffle plate is an annular air guide plate with a large number of air guide holes, the air can be taken in from the air intake pipe. The combustion air is dispersed in the annular air introduction passage, guided through each of the air guide holes, and then sent from the entire periphery of the combustion tube to the air introduction holes, and is then introduced into the combustion air in an ideal state. It is introduced indoors.

〔Example〕

An embodiment of the combustion apparatus according to this invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.

In FIG. 1, a combustion device according to the invention is indicated generally by the numeral 10. For this combustion device 10, for example, air is taken in through an air cleaner of a diesel engine or gasoline engine, a separate air cleaner, or air is taken in directly from outside or indoors.
The combustion gas from the combustion device 10 is introduced through the air intake pipe 12, and is sent out directly into the room or the like through the combustion gas delivery pipe 13, or sent out to a heat exchanger (not shown) installed downstream. When sending to a heat exchanger installed downstream, the heat exchanger may be installed downstream of the combustion device 10 in series, or it may be installed on the outer periphery of the combustion device 10.

The combustion device 10 includes a combustion cylinder 1 made of ceramics.
1, a metal outer cylinder 14 that covers the outer periphery, and a metal lid plate 5 that seals one end of the combustion tube 11 and the outer cylinder 14. A metal combustion gas delivery pipe 13 is provided at the other end of the outer cylinder 14 . Further, the outer cylinder 14 has an air intake port 4,
A metal air intake pipe 12 is attached to the cylindrical portion in which the air intake port 4 is formed. The air intake pipe 12 extends in the radial direction of the outer cylinder 14, that is, in the outer cylinder 14.
is mounted perpendicular to the Of course, in some cases, the air intake pipe may be attached tangentially to the outer cylinder 14.

The inside of the combustion tube 11 is provided with a partition plate 8 having an air circulation opening 15 formed of a plurality of notched passages, etc. on the peripheral edge thereof.
It is partitioned into two chambers, namely a vaporization chamber 7 and a combustion chamber 6.

Furthermore, a large number of air introduction holes 17 are formed in the downstream portion of the peripheral wall of the combustion cylinder 11 that constitutes the combustion chamber 6 . An annular air introduction path 27 through which combustion air swirls is formed between the combustion tube 11 and the outer cylinder 14, and an air baffle plate 16 is installed in the annular air introduction path 27. This air straightening plate 16 is composed of an annular air guide plate with a large number of air guide holes 9, and it distributes the combustion air introduced from the air intake pipe 12 uniformly, or unevenly depending on the case. The combustion air is uniformly distributed into the annular air introduction passage 27 located next. In some cases, the combustion air may be introduced in a non-uniform manner to promote swirling flow within the combustion tube 11.

Furthermore, at the end of the combustion chamber 6 opposite to the vaporization chamber 7, a combustion gas outlet 18 is formed to be offset in the radial direction. By positioning the combustion gas delivery port 18 in a radially biased state, the combustion gas can be efficiently delivered to the heat exchanger. The vaporizer 2 is installed diagonally through the combustion chamber 6 from the downstream corner of the combustion tube 11 toward the communication hole 19 formed in the center of the partition plate 8.
A fuel injection port 23 is opened into the vaporization chamber 7.

Further, an ignition glow plug 3 which is a heating plug is installed in the vaporization chamber 7. The vaporizer 2 has a vaporizing glow plug 29 built into a metal vaporizing pipe 20. A terminal 21 is located at one end of the vaporizing pipe 20 to supply current to a resistance wire (not shown) made of tungsten or the like embedded in a silicon nitride member of a vaporizing glow plug 29 that is a heating plug.

At the other end of the vaporizing pipe 20, the vaporizing pipe 20
A jetting pipe 22 having a smaller diameter is attached, and a fuel jetting port 23 is formed at the tip of the jetting pipe 22. Further, the vaporization pipe 20 is provided with a fuel supply pipe 24 . Furthermore, heat receiving fins 28 are formed on the outer peripheral surface of the vaporizing pipe 20. A jetting pipe 22 extends from the tip of the vaporizing pipe 20, and the jetting pipe 22 passes through a communication hole 19 formed in the partition plate 8. The fuel injection port 23 is located near the ignition glow plug 3 installed in the vaporization chamber 7 and is open.

Regarding this combustion device 10, the material of the combustion tube 11 constituting the vaporization chamber 7 and the combustion chamber 6 is a dense or porous ceramic member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion. For example, the ceramic material can be made of cordierite, which has a porous structure and has a small coefficient of thermal expansion. Furthermore, the lid plate 5 of the vaporization chamber 7 may be provided with a dense or porous ceramic member having a low coefficient of thermal expansion, as the case may be.

This combustion device 10 is a combustion device configured as described above, and is particularly characterized by the following configuration. In addition, Figure 2 shows the line - in Figure 1.
2 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 1, and the positional relationship between the air intake port 4 and the air intake pipe 12 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is different, but the one shown in FIG. The drawing is shifted to show the relationship with the pipe 12.

In this combustion device 10, an air baffle plate 16 is arranged in the middle of an annular air introduction path 27 formed by arranging an outer cylinder 14 around the outer periphery of a combustion cylinder 11, and air is introduced into a combustion chamber 6 within the combustion cylinder 11. Therefore, a large number of air introduction holes 17 are formed in the combustion tube 11 located downstream of the air straightening plate 16, and air introduction holes 1 for promoting swirling flow are formed in the combustion tube 11 located upstream of the air straightening plate 16. That's true. Combustion air and combustion gas flowing in through the numerous air introduction holes 17 form a swirl in the combustion tube 11 that flows across the combustion chamber 6 and the vaporization chamber 7.
The number of air introduction holes 1 for promoting swirling flow is set in the combustion tube 11 so as to promote this swirling flow.
The position and inflow angle are set. For example, the air introduction hole 1 for promoting swirling flow follows the air streamline formed inside the combustion tube 11, that is, the swirling streamline, so as to promote the swirling flow formed inside the combustion tube 11. It is formed in a sloping state, and is formed not around the entire circumference of the combustion cylinder 11 but partially around it.

However, regarding the swirling flow of combustion air, the combustion chamber 6 introduced from the air introduction hole 17 of the combustion tube 11
The combustion air inside flows into the vaporization chamber 7 from, for example, an air flow opening 15 formed in the partition plate 8 at an upper portion indicated by the symbol A (see FIG. 2). Next, the combustion air that has flowed into the vaporization chamber 7 flows through the fuel injection port 23.
Together with the vaporized fuel ejected from the combustion chamber 6, it flows into the combustion chamber 6 through an air circulation opening 15 formed in the partition plate 8 at a lower portion indicated by the symbol B (see FIG. 2). The swirling flow of combustion air flows in the above-mentioned direction across the vaporization chamber 7 and combustion chamber 6 in the combustion tube 11.

However, if the air introduction hole 1 for promoting swirling flow is not formed, the vaporized fuel that has been vaporized once becomes liquefied, and the liquefied fuel is carbonized, and the lower part of the combustion tube 11, ie, the reference numeral B (see Fig. 2), becomes liquefied. ) may adhere to the air circulation opening 15 portion shown in ) or form a pool of air, causing carbon generation.

In this combustion device 10, the air introduction hole 1 for promoting swirl flow is formed around 60% of the circumference of the combustion tube 11 around the air circulation opening 15 indicated by the symbol B, so that the annular air introduction passage 27 Fresh air is introduced into the combustion chamber 6 from the combustion chamber 6 through the air introduction hole 1 to that location. Therefore, the swirling flow of the mixture of combustion air and vaporized fuel at that location is promoted,
Combustion of fuel and air is promoted by vortex combustion, and even if carbon is generated, it will be blown away by the promoted swirling flow, or the carbon will be completely combusted by fresh air, creating a cloud of carbon in that area. There are no phenomena such as cracking or adhesion of carbon.

This combustion device 10 is configured as described above, and operates as follows. That is, vaporization pipe 2
0 to the resistance wire of the vaporizing glow plug 29 to heat the vaporizing glow plug 29,
Liquid fuel is supplied from the fuel supply pipe 24. The liquid fuel is vaporized, and the vaporized fuel passes through the space between the vaporization pipe 20 and the vaporization glow plug 29 and is ejected from the fuel injection port 23 of the injection pipe 22 into the vaporization chamber 7 .

On the other hand, combustion air is fed from the air intake pipe 12, passes through the annular space between the outer cylinder 14 and the combustion cylinder 11, that is, the annular air introduction passage 27, and a part of it enters the combustion chamber 6 from the air introduction hole 1. Most of the air is blown into the air straightening plate 16 through a large number of air guide holes 9 formed at approximately equal distances (in some cases at different distances).
The air is then blown into the combustion chamber 6 through an air introduction hole 17 formed in the combustion tube 11. This air introduction hole 17 is bored toward the center of the cylinder, and air is introduced perpendicularly to the swirling flow, thereby promoting mixing.

That is, the combustion air blown into the annular air introduction passage 27 from the air intake pipe 12 through the air intake port 4 swirls within the annular air introduction passage 27, and a portion of the combustion air flows from the air introduction hole 1 into the combustion chamber 6. At the same time, most of the combustion air is blown uniformly or non-uniformly into the downstream annular air introduction passage 27 from the air guide holes 9 formed in the air baffle plate 16.

Next, the combustion air is passed from the annular air introduction passage 27 to the air introduction hole 1 formed downstream of the combustion tube 11.
7 into the combustion chamber 6. Therefore, the combustion air fed into the combustion tube 11, that is, into the combustion chamber 6, uniformly or non-uniformly all around the circumference from the air introduction hole 17 of the combustion tube 11, flows into the combustion tube 11 in an extremely ideal state. blown into the combustion chamber 6,
The combustion air is ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel to generate an air-fuel mixture and form a swirling flow, and the combustion air blown from the air introduction hole 1 can promote the swirling flow formed in the combustion tube 11. can. Therefore,
The fuel obtains combustion air and is ignited by the ignition glow plug 3, and the vaporized fuel and combustion air form a mixture and are combusted.

Next, the vaporized fuel is blown into the combustion chamber 6, where it is made into a more homogeneous mixture with the combustion air, and is combusted more completely and vigorously. The vaporized fuel is combusted to become combustion gas, which is sent from a combustion gas delivery port 18 formed at the downstream end of the combustion tube 11 through a combustion gas delivery pipe 13 to a heat exchanger (not shown) or the like. . When the combustion state in the combustion chamber 6 becomes active, the vaporization pipe 20 of the vaporization device 2 and the heat receiving fins 2 provided on the vaporization pipe 20
It receives heat of vaporization through 8. In this state, the energization to the vaporizing glow plug 29 is stopped. Thereafter, the liquid fuel receives combustion heat, in other words, vaporization heat, from the combustion chamber 6 and vaporizes, becomes vaporized fuel, generates a mixture with combustion air, and continues combustion.

In this combustion action, the liquid fuel is heated and vaporized by the vaporizing glow plug 29, and the vaporized fuel is ejected from the fuel injection port 23. 23
When oil droplets are mixed with the vaporized fuel and ejected, they may collide with the lid plate 5, the fuel tube 11, etc., become fuel plates, and flow down the lid plate 5, the partition plate 8, and toward the bottom. In that case, it is possible to prevent the colliding vaporized fuel and oil droplet fuel from being cooled by the outside air by attaching a ceramic member or the like to the cover plate 5 and taking measures such as heat insulation. It is possible to prevent a state in which heat is taken away, and a state in which vaporized fuel is liquefied can also be prevented.

In addition, the air introduction hole 1 is formed only in a part of the entire circumference of the combustion tube 11, that is, in a part that does not go against the swirling flow, and is formed at an angle of inclination, so that the combustion air is kept in an extremely ideal state. In other words, it is blown into the combustion tube 11 in a state that promotes a swirl flow, and is ideally mixed with the vaporized fuel to generate an air-fuel mixture, thereby promoting combustion.

As mentioned above, the embodiment of the combustion device according to this invention has been described in detail, but it is not necessarily limited to these details. For example, the combustion tube is horizontal type installed almost horizontally, but it is It may be installed in any direction, and can be changed depending on conditions such as the installation location. Regarding the partition plate that partitions the inside of the combustion cylinder,
Instead of providing air circulation openings in the form of a plurality of notched passages on the peripheral edge, the partition plate may be configured to have air circulation openings in the form of a plurality of through holes at appropriate locations, or the partition plate may be configured to have air circulation openings in the form of a plurality of through holes. Air flow openings may be formed in both the hole and the hole.

In addition, a dense or porous low-expansion ceramic member may be installed on the lid plate, and in the figure, the air intake pipe and vaporizer are separated from each other by approximately 90 degrees (approximately 270 degrees from the opposite direction). However, the positional relationship is not limited to this. In addition, in the figure, the air guide holes provided in the annular air guide plate are circular and formed at equal intervals, but they are not limited to circular holes, but may have various shapes such as elliptical holes, elongated holes, square holes, etc. Moreover, the holes need not be formed at equal distance intervals, but can be varied in accordance with the air inflow speed, air inflow amount, etc., and it goes without saying that a large number of pores may be formed. In addition, the shape and shape of the air introduction hole shaped into the combustion tube are similar.
The size, position, etc. can be similarly changed.

[Effect of idea]

The combustion device according to this invention is constructed as described above and has the following effects. This combustion device has a fuel injection port of the vaporization device opened in a vaporization chamber inside the combustion cylinder, and an air baffle plate arranged in an annular air introduction path formed by arranging an outer cylinder around the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder,
A large number of air introduction holes are formed in the combustion tube located downstream of the air straightening plate, and air introduction holes for promoting swirling flow are formed in the combustion tube located upstream of the air straightening plate. is immediately and rapidly vaporized into vaporized fuel by the vaporizer, which is injected into the vaporization chamber, and combustion air is smoothly introduced into the combustion tube from the annular air introduction path around the combustion tube. In addition, a part of the combustion air can be introduced into the vaporization chamber to ignite the vaporized fuel very well and reliably. Can be mixed well with air,
A good air-fuel mixture can be generated, combustion can be promoted, and the combustion gas can be vigorously sent out from the combustion chamber to a predetermined location, such as a heat exchanger.

In particular, the air introduction hole located upstream of the air straightening plate, which is a part where vaporized fuel is likely to liquefy and generate carbon, is used to generate fresh air so as to promote the flow along the swirling flow. is introduced to prevent the generation of carbon, to blow off the generated carbon, or to completely burn the generated carbon immediately with fresh air.

Furthermore, an air intake pipe is attached to the outer cylinder in the radial direction thereof, and since the air baffle plate is an annular air guide plate with a large number of air guide holes, the air can be taken in from the air intake pipe. The combustion air is dispersed in the annular air introduction passage, guided through each of the air guide holes, and then sent from the entire circumference of the combustion tube to the air introduction holes, and in an ideal state enters the combustion chamber. will be introduced to.

In addition, since a vaporizer having a vaporizing glow plug is disposed in the combustion tube, at the beginning of combustion, the liquid fuel is rapidly and reliably vaporized by the vaporizing glow plug into vaporized fuel. After combustion becomes active, even if the vaporizing glow plug is turned off, combustion heat is obtained from the combustion chamber and vaporized fuel is immediately generated.Furthermore, an ignition glow plug is installed in the vaporizing chamber. Because of this arrangement, the vaporized fuel is ignited steadily and ignition errors do not occur. Therefore, according to this combustion device, liquid fuel can be rapidly vaporized, and the vaporized fuel can be rapidly ignited and combusted rapidly and reliably, so that it can rapidly contribute to heating, etc. It is something.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an embodiment of a combustion device according to this invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line - in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an example of a combustor according to the prior art. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a prior art combustor. 1... Air introduction hole, 2... Vaporizer, 4... Air intake port, 6... Combustion chamber, 7... Vaporization chamber, 8...
Partition plate, 9... air guide hole, 10... combustion device, 11... combustion tube, 12... air intake pipe,
14... Outer cylinder, 15... Opening, 16... Air rectifier plate, 17... Air introduction hole, 20... Vaporization pipe,
23... Fuel injection port, 27... Annular air introduction passage.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (1) A combustion tube with a large number of air introduction holes, a partition plate that divides the inside of the combustion tube into a combustion chamber and a vaporization chamber, and has an opening that communicates between the two chambers. , a vaporization device in which a vaporization pipe is disposed in the combustion chamber and a fuel injection port is opened in the vaporization chamber; an outer cylinder provided with an air intake port forming an annular air introduction path on the outer periphery of the combustion cylinder; and the air introduction hole. an air baffle plate provided in the annular air introduction path on the upstream side and provided with a large number of air guide holes for guiding combustion air; and an air baffle plate provided upstream of the air baffle plate and close to the opening of the partition plate. A combustion device having an air introduction hole for promoting swirl flow formed in the combustion tube that opens into a chamber. (2) The air introduction hole for promoting swirling flow is formed in the combustion tube in an inclined state along the swirl flow line so as to promote the swirling flow formed in the combustion tube. A combustion device according to claim 1 of the utility model registration claim. (3) The utility model registration claim is characterized in that the air introduction hole for promoting swirling flow is formed around a part of the combustion tube so as to promote the swirling flow formed within the combustion tube. A combustion device according to scope 1.