JPS63273787A - Capsule for heat accumulating material - Google Patents
Capsule for heat accumulating materialInfo
- Publication number
- JPS63273787A JPS63273787A JP62107673A JP10767387A JPS63273787A JP S63273787 A JPS63273787 A JP S63273787A JP 62107673 A JP62107673 A JP 62107673A JP 10767387 A JP10767387 A JP 10767387A JP S63273787 A JPS63273787 A JP S63273787A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- heat accumulating
- capsule
- heat storage
- storage material
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001508 potassium citrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002635 potassium citrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium citrate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O QEEAPRPFLLJWCF-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000011082 potassium citrates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940093916 potassium phosphate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004249 sodium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
- F28D20/023—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat the latent heat storage material being enclosed in granular particles or dispersed in a porous, fibrous or cellular structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
［産業上の利用分野］
本発明は水を主材とする蓄熱材組成物を密閉収納した蓄
熱材カプセルに関し、殊に凝固に伴なう体積膨張が特定
方向に偏向してカプセル壁を片寄った方向に膨張変形し
てしまうことを回避し得た蓄熱材カプセルに関するもの
である。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a heat storage material capsule in which a water-based heat storage material composition is hermetically housed, and in particular, the present invention relates to a heat storage material capsule in which a water-based heat storage material composition is hermetically sealed. The present invention relates to a heat storage material capsule that can avoid expansion and deformation of the capsule wall in a biased direction.
［従来の技術］
低温排熱の蓄熱や冷・暖房を伴なう空調に使用される蓄
熱材組成物は、管理目標温度に応じて最適の主材を選ぶ
ことが要点となるが、０℃を目標とする場合は主材とし
て水を選ぶのがもっとも有効である。即ち水は他の物質
と比べても大きな凝固−融解潜熱を有し、その凝固点（
０℃）付近を管理目標とする蓄熱材組成物においてはも
っとも有利な主材であると期待される。[Prior art] For heat storage material compositions used for storage of low-temperature waste heat and air conditioning that involves cooling and heating, it is important to select the optimal main material according to the control target temperature. If your goal is to use water as the main material, it is most effective. In other words, water has a large latent heat of solidification and fusion compared to other substances, and its freezing point (
It is expected to be the most advantageous main material in heat storage material compositions whose management target is around 0°C.
［発明が解決しようとする問題点コ
ところで水を降温して凝固させていった場合の固相（氷
）の発生・成長は常に系内全般に亘って均質的に見られ
る訳でなく、片寄りを見せることはよく知られているこ
とである。これは対流に伴なう系内の温度分布が原因の
１つとなって初晶の発生点が特定部位に片寄ると共に該
初晶の発生点数そのものが少ないため、該初晶を出発点
として他の部位へ結晶の成長が進行していくからである
。従って蓄熱材組成物を密閉収納した容器（以下、蓄熱
材カプセルと言う）では、片寄って体積膨張した氷によ
って容器壁の一部が集中的な内圧を受けて片寄った方向
に膨張してしまい、該蓄熱材カプセルを変形させるとい
う事態を招く。この様な事態の発生は、蓄熱材カプセル
が一般にかなり近接集合状態で使用されることを考えれ
ば、外部媒体との安定した熱授受を行なう上で決して好
ましいことではない。[Problems to be solved by the invention] By the way, when water is cooled and solidified, the generation and growth of solid phase (ice) is not always uniform throughout the system; It is well known that people show their bias. One of the reasons for this is the temperature distribution within the system due to convection, which causes the points of primary crystal generation to be biased toward specific areas, and the number of primary crystals to occur is small. This is because crystal growth progresses to that part. Therefore, in a container in which a heat storage material composition is sealed (hereinafter referred to as a heat storage material capsule), a part of the container wall is subjected to concentrated internal pressure due to the ice that expands in volume on one side, and expands in one direction. This results in a situation where the heat storage material capsule is deformed. Considering that heat storage material capsules are generally used in a fairly closely assembled state, the occurrence of such a situation is not at all preferable in terms of stable heat exchange with an external medium.
本発明はこうした不都合を解決する為になされたもので
あって、その目的とするところは、主材である水の体積
膨張によって片寄った方向に膨張して変形してしまう様
な事態を招くことのない蓄熱材カプセルを提供すること
にある。The present invention was made to solve these inconveniences, and its purpose is to prevent water, which is the main material, from expanding and deforming in one direction due to volume expansion. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a heat storage material capsule that is free of heat.
［問題点を解決する為の手段］
上記目的を達成し得た本発明は、蓄熱材組成物を密閉収
納してなる蓄熱材カプセルであって、該蓄熱材組成物は
水を主材とし、結晶微細化剤として塩を含有する点に要
旨を有する蓄熱材カプセルである。[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention, which has achieved the above object, is a heat storage material capsule formed by sealingly housing a heat storage material composition, the heat storage material composition mainly containing water, The main feature of this heat storage material capsule is that it contains salt as a crystal refiner.
［作用］
上記の様な不都合は初晶の発生点が特定されることに基
づくものであることは先に説明したが、結晶核を配合し
ただけでは上記不都合が解消されないことを知った。そ
こで他の観点から種々検討を行ない、成長しつつある結
晶の強度を低下させ、結晶の成長につれて次々に自壊さ
せ得る様にすれば、小さな結晶が系内全般に亘って均質
的に形成されるのではないかとの観点から種々検討した
ところ、塩化ナトリウム、塩化カリウム、塩化カルシウ
ム、硫酸アルミニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、燐酸カリウ
ム、カリ明ばん、酢酸ナトリウム、クエン酸カリウム等
の無機塩や有機塩がその効果を発揮し得ることを見出し
、本発明を完成したものである。[Effect] It was explained earlier that the above-mentioned disadvantages are based on the identification of the point of generation of primary crystals, but it has been found that the above-mentioned disadvantages cannot be resolved simply by blending crystal nuclei. Therefore, we conducted various studies from other viewpoints, and by reducing the strength of the growing crystals and allowing them to self-destruct one after another as they grow, small crystals could be formed homogeneously throughout the system. After conducting various studies from the viewpoint of whether this effect could be enhanced, we found that inorganic and organic salts such as sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, aluminum sulfate, ammonium nitrate, potassium phosphate, potassium alum, sodium acetate, and potassium citrate have the same effect. The present invention was completed based on the discovery that the present invention can be effectively achieved.
即ち上記の様な塩は、水に添加すると、氷の結晶が微細
化するという機能を発揮し、塩が結晶微細化剤として極
めて有効であることが分かった。That is, it has been found that when the above salts are added to water, they exhibit the function of making ice crystals finer, and that the salts are extremely effective as crystal finer agents.
本発明に係る蓄熱材カプセル内に収納される蓄熱材組成
物は、水を主材としその水に塩を添加したものが基本的
となるが、その他過冷却防止用の核剤に防腐剤等を共存
させることもできる。その池水を主材とする蓄熱材組成
物を収納した蓄熱材カプセルにおいては、凝固による体
積膨張（約１１０％）を吸収する為、１０％程度の空間
を形成するという観点から、収納される蓄熱材組成物は
カプセル内容量の９０％程度となる様にされているのが
一般的であり、その為蓄熱材カプセルを液体中で使用す
る様な場合には、カプセルの材質が一般に軽いことや内
部空間等によって大きな浮力が発生し、液体表面に浮か
んでしまうことがあるので、この様な点をも考慮して蓄
熱材組成物中に珪砂、金石、ガラス等の様な比較的比重
の大きな物質を共存させる様にしてもよい。The heat storage material composition housed in the heat storage material capsule according to the present invention is basically water-based and salt is added to the water, but in addition, preservatives are used as a nucleating agent to prevent supercooling. can also coexist. In the heat storage material capsule containing the heat storage material composition mainly composed of pond water, from the viewpoint of forming a space of about 10% in order to absorb the volumetric expansion due to solidification (about 110%), the heat storage material is Generally, the material composition is made to be about 90% of the capsule content, so when a heat storage material capsule is used in a liquid, the material of the capsule is generally light and A large buoyant force may be generated by the internal space, etc., and the liquid may float on the surface of the liquid. Therefore, taking this into consideration, the heat storage material composition may contain materials with relatively high specific gravity such as silica sand, goldstone, glass, etc. Substances may be allowed to coexist.
本発明で用いる塩の効果はその種類によっても異なり、
その添加量についても何ら限定するものではないが、過
冷却防止用核剤として別途出願に係る活性炭・グラファ
イト・木炭等を共存させる場合には、塩が核剤の効果に
対して若干の悪影響を与えるので、０．１重量％程度ま
でに抑えることが推奨される。The effects of the salt used in the present invention vary depending on its type,
There is no limitation on the amount of salt added, but if activated carbon, graphite, charcoal, etc., which are separately filed as a nucleating agent for preventing supercooling, are co-existing, the salt may have a slight negative effect on the effectiveness of the nucleating agent. Therefore, it is recommended to suppress the amount to about 0.1% by weight.
［実施例コ
塩化ナトリウムを結晶微細化剤として水に添加し、水を
主材とする各種蓄熱材組成物を調製し、得られた蓄熱材
組成物をポリプロピレン製の容器（直径４０ｍｍ）に内
容量の９割を占める様に収納して各種の蓄熱材カプセル
を作成した。そして内部の蓄熱材組成物を凍結した状態
における蓄熱材カプセルの直径の変化量について調査し
た。[Example: Sodium chloride was added to water as a crystal refiner to prepare various heat storage material compositions containing water as the main ingredient, and the resulting heat storage material compositions were placed in a polypropylene container (diameter 40 mm). Various heat storage material capsules were created by storing 90% of the amount. Then, the amount of change in the diameter of the heat storage material capsule when the internal heat storage material composition was frozen was investigated.
その結果を第１表に示すが、塩化ナトリウムの添加量が
増加するに従って蓄熱材カプセルの直径変化量が少なく
なっているのが理解される。この様な結果は、効果の大
小について若干の違いはあるものの他の塩においても認
められた。The results are shown in Table 1, and it can be seen that as the amount of sodium chloride added increases, the amount of change in the diameter of the heat storage material capsule decreases. Similar results were also observed with other salts, although there were some differences in the magnitude of the effects.
第 １ 表
（ｎ＝３）
［発明の効果］
以上述べた如く本発明によれば、片寄った方向に膨張し
て変形してしまう様なことのない蓄熱材カプセルが実現
できた。Table 1 (n=3) [Effects of the Invention] As described above, according to the present invention, a heat storage material capsule that does not expand and deform in one direction can be realized.
Claims (1)
て、該蓄熱材組成物は水を主材とし、結晶微細化剤とし
て塩を含有するものであることを特徴とする蓄熱材カプ
セル。1. A heat storage material capsule formed by sealingly housing a heat storage material composition, characterized in that the heat storage material composition is mainly composed of water and contains salt as a crystal refiner.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62107673A JPS63273787A (en) | 1987-04-30 | 1987-04-30 | Capsule for heat accumulating material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62107673A JPS63273787A (en) | 1987-04-30 | 1987-04-30 | Capsule for heat accumulating material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS63273787A true JPS63273787A (en) | 1988-11-10 |
Family
ID=14465093
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP62107673A Pending JPS63273787A (en) | 1987-04-30 | 1987-04-30 | Capsule for heat accumulating material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS63273787A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014068091A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Flamco B.V. | Core of a capsule comprising phase change material, assembly of capsules, thermal buffer, and method |
| WO2019058170A1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | Nostromo Ltd. | Thermal energy storage array |
| WO2020065649A1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-04-02 | Nostromo Ltd. | Fluid flow in thermal storage containers |
-
1987
- 1987-04-30 JP JP62107673A patent/JPS63273787A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2014068091A1 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2014-05-08 | Flamco B.V. | Core of a capsule comprising phase change material, assembly of capsules, thermal buffer, and method |
| WO2019058170A1 (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2019-03-28 | Nostromo Ltd. | Thermal energy storage array |
| CN111373204A (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2020-07-03 | 诺斯特罗莫有限公司 | Thermal energy storage array |
| US11384994B2 (en) | 2017-09-25 | 2022-07-12 | Nostromo Ltd. | Thermal energy storage array |
| WO2020065649A1 (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-04-02 | Nostromo Ltd. | Fluid flow in thermal storage containers |
| US12104823B2 (en) | 2019-03-27 | 2024-10-01 | Nostromo Ltd. | Thermal storage system containers external features and modularity |
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