JPS63270375A - Soil improving fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Application Field> The present invention relates to a siliceous soil improvement fertilizer containing iron.

<Conventional technology> In autumn paddy fields, paddy rice that had been growing vigorously and well until summer becomes stunted in the late stages of growth, and the yield of brown rice is significantly lower than that of grass due to poor ripening. Symptoms include yellowing of the lower leaves, wilting, and the appearance of sesame blight spots.

In addition, while healthy rice roots are white to reddish brown,
Paddy rice roots that fall in autumn are black, rotten, and have no elasticity and are in a necrotic state.

This phenomenon is said to be due to the lack of nutrients such as iron and manganese, as well as calylum, lime, magnesia, and silicic acid.

Therefore, as a countermeasure against falling paddy fields in autumn, ferrous substances containing 10% or more of 0203 are legally recognized as special fertilizers, and natural minerals, soil, converter lime, etc. that fall under this category are designated as ferrous soil fertilizers. It is used.

However, for example, converter lime is finely powdered, is strongly alkaline, costs too much to transport from the region where it is produced, and has a relatively low Fe2O3 content of about 25%. It has drawbacks such as the application amount per area of 30 kl; 1, and currently it is only applied to a few percent of the area that is considered to require use based on the results of soil diagnosis.

<Problems to be Solved by the Invention> Therefore, the present inventor developed a soil improvement method to prevent fall paddy fields from becoming paddy fields that contain a large amount of iron and can be applied in an amount of at most 20 kg per are. The present invention was obtained as a result of various studies aimed at producing fertilizer.

Means for Solving the Problems> That is, the present invention is a soil improvement fertilizer characterized by containing a siliceous raw material and iron scale as active ingredients.

The siliceous raw material in the present invention refers to a material whose main component is one or more of calcium silicate, magnesium silicate, and potassium silicate containing restricted soluble silicic acid, such as melted phosphorous fertilizer and Examples include slag-based calcium silicate such as rinse slag and blast furnace slag, and slag-based magnesium silicate such as nickel slag.

Therefore, it goes without saying that other components that are inevitably mixed in due to the nature of the raw materials are allowed, but trace elements such as boron, manganese, zinc, and molybdenum may also be mixed in.

The siliceous raw material is preferably in the form of glass powder in most cases, but it may also be in the form of short S fibers generated during manufacturing.

Further, the iron scale according to the present invention refers to the iron scale that is used during high temperature processing of iron.
For example, mixtures of iron and iron oxide (Fe, Fed, FeO
, Fe3,04, etc.).

The iron content of this product is as high as 85 to 125 wt% on an anhydrous basis, and the particle size is at most 7.
It is preferably about 311 #l or less.

Further, it is preferable that this iron scale has a neutral pH of 6 to 8 when 1 g thereof is immersed in 100 i of water.

The soil improvement fertilizer according to the present invention has a powder of siliceous raw material and iron scale as active ingredients as described above, but its composition varies depending on the target soil, the composition of the raw material, etc.
Although not uniform, in many cases the fertilizer has the following composition:
e20310~90wt%, P2O50,1~13wt
%, QaQ 4-40wt%, M (J O1-13w
t%, S i 02 2-35vt%, others 0-17
It was prepared in a range of wt%.

The soil improvement fertilizer in the present invention is preferably in the form of granules.

The reason for this is that if it is a simple mixture, it not only tends to vary in quality due to differences in the specific gravity of the same raw materials, but also is superior in terms of fertilization and handling.

Therefore, in the present invention, it is desirable that the particle size of the mixture of siliceous raw material and iron scale is in the range of 1/10 to 1/1000 of the granules in terms of average diameter, depending on the water disintegration property and other circumstances. As a soil improvement fertilizer, a range between 1 and 4 is appropriate.

However, after fertilizing the soil, water-disintegratable granules are desirable for that purpose.

Therefore, in the present invention, regarding water disintegration, 24#
Place 50 grains of size I or larger on a sieve with a mesh opening of 27##I, immerse a specified amount of the granules in water, and leave the granules for a night. This is defined as the ratio of 80% or more, preferably 90% or more.

Furthermore, the soil improvement fertilizer according to the present invention comprises 1 g of the granules.
After being immersed in water for 100 d and stirred (immersed for 15 minutes), the supernatant pH was adjusted to a weak alkaline value of 7 to 10.

Next, preferred embodiments of the method for producing soil improvement fertilizer of the present invention will be described below.

The above-mentioned siliceous raw material 10-90 weight scale 10
The fertilizer composition is mixed within the range of 90 parts by weight to achieve the ratio of the above fertilizer composition.

This mixed powder (of course, it may contain some short fibers) provides a preferable granulation form, and also allows the granules to contact the soil after disintegrating with water and to be able to take root in crops. In order to improve the absorption from the granules, the particles are pulverized to a desired particle size range, but the average diameter is preferably in the range of 1/10 to 1/1000 of the granules. , 4
Particularly suitable is a powder that passes between 30 and 60% through a 4 μl comb.

In addition, when mixing raw materials, press N if necessary.

There is no problem in adding fertilizing ingredients such as P.

No special equipment is required for drying or pulverizing, and common a-tally dryers, tube mills, vibration mills, etc. can be used.

Next, the above mixture powder is granulated using a desired binder in the presence of an appropriate amount of water or an aqueous solution.

As a binder, for example, magnesium sulfate, phosphoric acid, clay, bentonite, blackstrap molasses, lignin sulfo28
They are used in an amount of 1 to 5 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the raw material mixture.

Further, as the aqueous solution, the above aqueous solution may be used, but 0.
A 5-3% wt% aqueous solution of a water-soluble polymer such as PVA, CMC, starch, polyacrylate, etc. is preferred.

In particular, from the viewpoint of water disintegration of the granules, the raw material mixture 100
1 to 2 parts by weight of magnesium oxide per part by weight, 1 to 2 parts by weight
A granulation operation in which granulation using an appropriate amount of a wt% PVA aqueous solution is suitable is known. do.

The granulated product obtained above is then dried at 150°C or less,
The granules are sieved into 1 to 4 sizes and used as a product.

Particles outside this range are returned to the crusher or granulator and recycled depending on the particle size.

The iron-containing soil improvement fertilizer produced in this way is mainly
It is used after the rice in the paddy field is harvested and before rice planting by mechanical spreaders such as POD casters and Lime Tours, or by manual or hand-spreading.
Additional fertilization is also possible if necessary. In that case, the amount of application is basically carried out on an annual basis depending on the results of soil diagnosis.

<Example> Example 1 As material A, 20% yorin (c-P20520.5%
, C-MC10 16.5%, w-3iQ224.0%
, w-CaO3 1.0%) and 50 parts of iron scale (containing 110% iron in terms of Fe2O3) as B agent (
Put the dry product) into the same crusher (tube mill) and grind for 44 minutes.
Grind to an extent that 40% passes through a μm sieve.

2 parts of magnesium sulfate (Mg025%) are mixed with 100 parts of this mixture, and the mixture is fed into a granulator (type O1) in fixed amounts at a time. Then add 1% PVA aqueous solution for about 2 hours.
73 suspension is mixed before the granulator, and the remaining 1/3 amount may be sprayed in the granulator) while granulating.

The obtained granules are dried in a dryer (rotary dryer).
Dry at below 50℃, sieve @ (vibrating sieve)
A product was obtained by sizing to ~4B.

Those less than 1 darkness or exceeding 41##I are recycled to the granulation process via a granulation process or a pulverization process.

In addition, in the above, both parts and % represent weight.

same as below.

20% BM Yorin (c-P2O320,
5%, C-M gO15.5%, w-3iQ223.0
%, w-CaO3 1.0%, c-82030.6%, c
-32 parts of MnO1.1%) and iron scale (
68 parts of iron (containing 110% iron as calculated as Fe2O3) were used, and magnesium sulfate (Mg
A product was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2 parts of 02S%) and 0.5% of CMC were further mixed, and water was used instead of 1% PVA.

Example 3 As material A, phosphorus slag (c-P4O10.5%, w
-S i 0244.0%, w-CaO50°0%)
25 parts and blast furnace slag (c-Mg0 5.5%, w-8
i0233.0%, w-CaO48.0%) 25 parts and iron scale as B material (iron content: 11
1i as a solid binder.
Magnesium 41ate (M (7025%) 1 part and 2%
A product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the PV and A aqueous solutions were added.

Example 4 Slow-release fused potassium silicate magnesia fertilizer (C-K O
20%, CS! 02 35%, C-Mgo 8%) 50
Part, B material is iron scale (iron content is 1 in terms of Fe2O3)
Magnesium sulfate (M9
A product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1 part of 025%) and 2% PVA aqueous solution were added.

Example 5 As material A, wool-like fine particles (hereinafter referred to as "wool product J") generated during the production of soap (c-P2O525.5%, C
-M G O13.8%, w-3iQ2 18.0%,
w-CaO34.0%) 25 parts and wool products generated during the production of rinsing slag (c-P2O30.5%, w-8i 0
244.0%, w-CaO 50.0%) (all of these are dry products) and 50 parts of iron scale (containing 110% iron in terms of Fe2O3) as B material,
Add 1.9 parts of 75% sulfuric acid to 1 part of magnesium hydroxide (MC7055%), mix the dried product, and add 2% PVA.
A product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aqueous solution was added.

Slow-release fused potassium silicate magnesia fertilizer (C-KO) is used as a material.
20%, c-8iO235%, C-MqO8%) 25 parts and 20% yorin (C-P2O320,5%, c-
M g Q 16.5%, W-8i 02 24.0
%, w-QaQ 310%) 25 parts and iron scale as B material (contains 110% iron in terms of Fe2O3) 5
0 parts (particles larger than 4111+1 were removed in advance with a sieve, etc.) to obtain a product.

The analysis results of the manufactured products according to Examples 1 to 6 of the present invention are shown in Table 1.
As shown.

Test Examples 1 to 5 below using the soil improvement fertilizer obtained in Example 1.
When a fertilizer efficacy test was conducted under the following conditions, the results shown in Tables 2 and 3 were obtained.

1. Trial location: 2 Matsuki-cho, Koriyama City, Fukushima Prefecture; Test soil: Fine-grained Amairo lowland soil (17F Hoton 3; Test variety: Sasanishiki 4; Cultivation method: Planted young seedlings on May 15th; 22.2 plants/TIt 30x15cm) (Width x spacing) (Note) Ear fertilizer was applied 15 days before heading.

In addition, the occurrence of sesame leaf blight and sheath blight was observed in the rice plants in the control plot, but the above-mentioned outbreaks were not observed in any of the plots fertilized with the soil improvement fertilizer of the present invention.

<Effects of the Invention> The soil improvement fertilizer of the present invention easily disintegrates in water and has a large surface area, so it can absorb hydrogen sulfide gas in the soil, which is said to be the cause of fall-dropped paddy fields, and neutralize acidic components. It has the effect of removing harmful acidic components.

In addition, the soil improvement fertilizer of the present invention can be used as an agent for preventing (or improving) paddy fields from falling in autumn, at a rate of 3 to 20 per are during the period before rice planting.
By applying ry, it is possible to not only replenish deficient components in the soil and reduce sesame leaf blight and sheath blight, but also increase the number of grains seen during the harvest period, the ripening ratio, and the yield of brown rice. .

Claims (5)

[Claims] (1) A soil improvement fertilizer characterized by containing a siliceous raw material and iron scale as active ingredients. (2) The soil improvement fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the siliceous raw material is one or more powders selected from melted phosphorous fertilizer, silicate lime, rinsing slag, and blast furnace slag. (3) The soil improvement fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the iron scale is a granular material with a size of at most 7 mm containing 85 to 125% iron in terms of Fe_2O_3 on an anhydride basis. (4) Soil improvement fertilizer is Fe_2O_3: 10-90w
t%, P_2O_5: 0.1-13wt%, CaO: 4
~40wt%, MgO: 1-13wt%, SiO_2:
Granules having a composition range of 2 to 35 wt% and 0 to 17 wt%, and a particle size of at most 5 mm,
P of the supernatant liquid after immersing 1 g of the granules in 100 ml and stirring
The soil improvement fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein H is 7 to 10. (5) The soil improvement fertilizer according to claim 4, wherein the granules have a water disintegration rate of 90% or more.