JPS63249729A - Coated yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION <Industrial Field of Application> The present invention relates to a coated yarn that is highly strong and durable, and has functions necessary in the field of industrial materials.

<Conventional technology> Traditionally, industrial material applications have used spun yarn or filaments (long fibers) depending on the purpose (specific application), but recently, In order to take advantage of the characteristics of individual threads, composite yarns such as twisting two or three types of yarns have come to be used.For example, in the case of ropes, ropes are easy to handle and have little slippage. For the surface layer of ropes, spun yarn is more advantageous than filament.On the other hand, filament yarn is generally more advantageous than spun yarn in order for the rope itself to be highly strong and durable. So-called wrap type ropes are widely used, in which the fibers are placed in the center and spun yarn is wrapped around the surface layer.Also, in the case of seaweed nets, fibers that allow the seaweed to grow well and have good durability are used. The yarn used is a combination of twisted and twisted fibers.

On the other hand, in the case of a base fabric coated with thermoplastic resin such as polyvinyl chloride resin or rubber (natural or synthetic rubber), spun yarn is used to prevent peeling between the coating resin and the base fabric, that is, to improve adhesion. In addition, for the purpose of improving durability and shape stability, filament yarn is also used, and both of these yarns are twisted together and used for weaving.

However, these are simply twisted yarns with two types of functionality, and the performance of the composite yarn is determined only by the mixing ratio of the two types of yarns. Especially in the case of intertwisted yarns, each yarn is heated, so the single fibers that make up each yarn cannot be easily moved by heating (i.e., it is impossible for the side fibers to mix together). So, it's just two types of threads that are stuck together. In addition, if you simply twist two types of yarns A and 8,
A (or B) is greater than the mixing volume ratio of 8 and 8 (
Or it is not possible to cover A). In other words, the surface of the twisted yarn is covered with each component yarn at a ratio equivalent to the mixing volume ratio, and the advantages of using two types of yarn are halved.

In order to prevent this, it is known that one fiber is placed in the center of the yarn and the other fiber is placed in a sheath that covers the center, which is a so-called covered yarn. It has been put into practical use. However, in the actual covered yarns, both the core and sheath fibers are short fibers (average fiber length of about 38 to 51 m) that are used for clothing, and in rare cases the core fibers are synthetic fibers. Fiber long fiber (
Even if it is a filament, the short fibers that are sheath fibers have the above-mentioned average fiber length and can hardly be used in the field of industrial materials that require high strength.

If such coated yarn is used as an industrial material, it is not strong enough, and the average fiber length of the sheath fiber, which is the Nl1li fiber, is short, so it has extremely low abrasion resistance and is easy to move, with a slight frictional force. (Friction with guides, travelers, sow collets, reeds, flat needles, etc. when processing coated yarns such as twisting, weaving, knitting, etc., and friction that the product is subjected to during use, etc.) The sheath fibers may peel off or This causes the core fibers to be exposed and the characteristics of the covered yarn to be lost.

<Problems to be solved by the invention> Ropes, etc., made by wrapping synthetic fiber filament yarns with spun yarn for the purpose of high strength and high durability, have filaments, which are strong-retaining components, concentrated and unevenly distributed in the cross section. Since the cutting elongation of the spun yarn and the filament are not necessarily the same, for example, the filament portion is not cut, but the surface layer of the spun yarn is gradually cut, resulting in a rope that is not strong. In addition, when a rope is subjected to repeated bending stress, the filament yarns, which are high-strength components, are concentrated, so the filament yarns rub against each other, leading to accelerated fatigue and poor bending resistance, resulting in a rope with no durability.

In addition, in the case of conventional seaweed nets, yarns made of fibers in which seaweed grows well and yarns made of fibers with good water fatigue resistance that support the seaweed net are twisted in pairs at a certain mixing volume ratio. The probability that fibers that allow the seaweed to grow well per unit area will appear on the surface of the seaweed net is approximately determined by the mixing volume ratio. The yield of seaweed per unit area of a seaweed net is determined by the ratio of fibers on the surface of the seaweed net that allow the seaweed to grow well. The yield will be affected.

Therefore, in order to increase the yield of seaweed by keeping the size of the seaweed net constant, it is possible to increase the mixing volume ratio of fibers in which seaweed grows well, but this poses the problem of decreasing water fatigue resistance. I will do it.

In addition, in the case of base fabrics coated with resin or rubber, spun yarns are mixed and twisted to improve adhesion to the resin or rubber, and filaments are mixed and twisted to make the base fabric strong and stable. The adhesion force per unit area of the base fabric is determined by the mixing volume ratio of , and the adhesion force and strong horn/shape stability are not compatible.

Measures to solve these problems> As mentioned above, many composite threads with different functionality are used in the field of industrial materials.
Generally speaking, if the function of one of the composite materials is utilized, the function of the other will deteriorate, and the current situation is that the functions of the plurality of composite materials are not necessarily fully demonstrated.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems and provides a composite yarn having particularly high strength, high durability, and morphological stability. is covered with a group of fibers constituting a sheath, and the single fibers constituting the sheath must be covered yarns that are not substantially twisted with other single fibers constituting the sheath, and under the following conditions ■ ~ ■ ■ Sheath The average fiber length of the fibers is 70. ~300. 1) The core fiber is a synthetic 42M filament; 2) The coverage ratio is (volume of core fiber)+(volume of sheath fiber) or more.

This invention has made it possible to provide the fibers constituting the sheath layer of the covered yarn with high strength and durability, as well as the functions required in each industrial material field, as described above. Moreover, since the sheath layer does not move easily,
Since the core is large enough to withstand external use, and the core fibers do not rub against each other violently, the above-mentioned drawbacks do not occur.

Table 1 outlines the functions required of materials used in the industrial materials field.

Table 1 Industrial materials and their required functions According to this table, among the required functions, high strength, bending fatigue resistance (durability), and morphological stability are almost common items, and one measure to satisfy these items is A synthetic fiber filament may be used as the core fiber of the covered yarn. In this case, the denier of the filament may be selected depending on the count and coverage rate of the covered yarn to be manufactured, but in general, the filament single fiber denier is 0.7 to 10 denier, and the total filament denier making up the core is 75 to 10. i
OOO denier is preferable in terms of tensile stress dispersibility and ease of manufacture. Materials for the filament include polyester, nylon, vinylon, rayon, acrylic, polypropylene, polyethylene, aramid, polyarylate, and the like. These filaments may be a combination of multiple filaments.

On the other hand, the fibers used for the sheath have an average fiber length of 70 to 3
00# later, the single fiber denier is 1~
A 15 denier material is preferable for manufacturing purposes, and materials selected from commonly used fiber materials can be used depending on the purpose. Note that the sheath fiber may be a combination of multiple types of short fibers.

゛The covered yarn of the present invention must satisfy the following coverage ratio (%).

Coverage rate (%) ≧ Volume ratio of sheath fiber component in covered yarn (
%)

In addition, in the covered yarn of the present invention, it is necessary that the single fibers constituting the sheath are not substantially twisted together with other single fibers constituting the sheath, and if the sheath fibers are heated, the single fibers will become integrated. When the sheath fiber becomes a yarn by itself,
Peeling from the core fiber is likely to occur, resulting in insufficient wear resistance. To explain this in detail, the movement of the single fibers in the heated fiber bundle (yarn) is restricted by twisting (instead, they cannot move), so they intertwine with the core fibers. Therefore, since the core fibers and the sheath fibers constitute yarns separately, the sheath fibers tend to move easily. If the sheath fibers are not substantially twisted together, the single fibers constituting the sheath fibers will intertwine with the core fibers (filaments), resulting in improved entanglement and a yarn with less peeling. In the field of industrial materials that are subject to stronger frictional forces, it is essential that there is less peeling. In other words, if the filament, which is a strong holding component, is exposed due to peeling, the filament is easily damaged, and it can be said that it is unsuitable for the field of industrial materials.

Moreover, it is preferable that the ratio of (volume of core fiber)/(volume of sheath fiber) in the covered yarn is 70/30 to 10/90.

If the volume ratio of the sheath component is less than 30%, the properties based on the sheath fiber, such as handling properties, end processability, texture, fatigue resistance, etc. due to short fibers, cannot be fully exhibited, and the volume ratio If it is 90% or more, the strength will be insufficient, which is not preferable.

More preferably, the volume ratio is 45 to 80%. The volume of the core fiber and the volume of the sheath fiber are the total weight of the core fibers that make up a certain length of covered yarn divided by the density of the core fiber, and the total weight of the sheath fiber that makes up the covered yarn is the total weight of the sheath fiber that makes up the covered yarn. It is divided by the density.

Next, an example of the method for manufacturing the covered yarn of the present invention will be described. First, the fibers that will become the sheath component are cut into average fiber lengths of 7011 m to 300 m, and a sliver is formed using a normal spinning process. The roving is made and the sliver or braided yarn is fed to the spinning process. Especially when the average fiber length is 70 mm or more
In the case of fibers that are 80m long, cut the continuous fiber bundle with a cutter by 7
For fibers with an average fiber length of 80 II wr 1 to 300 m, cut into 0s to 80 # and made into sliver or roving using the usual worsted spinning process of blended cotton - carded single thread, roving, and spinning. The continuous fiber bundle may be turned into sliver or roving by using a normal tow spinning process (purlock spinning or converter spinning) and then fed to the spinning process.The sliver or roving thus obtained is As shown in Figure 1, in the spinning process, the supplied sliver or roving, which becomes the sheath component, is given a predetermined stretching, and the filament, which becomes the core fiber, is supplied just before being heated by the spindle, and the filament is shortened to the core. A covered yarn with fibers arranged in the sheath is obtained.

At this time, tension should be applied to the filament.

In Figure 1, tension is applied by the tension part.

The more tension is applied to the filament, the more the core fiber becomes centered.Not only is it highly durable and fully satisfies the functions required in the industrial material field, but the average fiber length of the sheath component is long, so the core fiber bundle becomes more stable. It has extremely good entanglement with a certain filament, and when the coated yarn is twisted, woven, or knitted,
There is no handling between the core fibers and sheath fibers, a product with no large exposed core fibers is obtained, there is less scattering of fluff, the environment is better, and the quality is improved due to the fluff flying into the twisted yarn.・
It also prevents deterioration in quality and improves process passability.

In addition, since the sheath fibers adhere well to the core fibers, durability is improved when used as ropes, long lines, etc. that are subject to severe bending frictional forces.

It is necessary for the average fiber length of the soot fibers of the sheath 1 to be 70 pvn or more in terms of high strength, high durability, and abrasion resistance, and the longer it is, the better. As the spinning process equipment becomes larger as the length increases, the maximum length is about 300 m, especially considering both the peelability of the sheath fibers of the covered yarn and the scale of the equipment, ioo ~ 15 m.
0# is the most preferred average fiber length range.

The coverage ratio in the present invention is determined by the following method. Wrap the thread parallel to the panel, take a photo of the surface using a universal projector or microscope, place a piece of transparent paper on top of the photo, trace the outer circumference of the thread, and detail the exposed part of the core fiber. Fill in. Thereafter, a piece of paper is cut along the outer periphery of the yarn, its weight is measured, and it is designated as WO.Then, the portion where the core fiber is exposed is cut off, its weight is measured, and its weight is determined as WO. Coverage rate is Coverage rate (%) = "0" x 100-
Required by 〇.

However, the sample length of the covered thread to be traced is that the twist of the thread is 100.
This refers to the length of occurrences.

That is, Trial length (inch) = io.

Number of twists (t/in) It is.

On the other hand, regarding the fact that the sheath fibers do not separate, which is one of the required performances of the covered yarn, the second test is to examine the entanglement of the core-sheath fibers.
As shown in the figure, the covered yarn is fixed to one end of a 300 s length frame and a (5000) g count load is applied to the other end.

On the other hand, three round bottle guides each having a diameter of 2 m are set as shown in Fig. 3.4, and are slid at a traverse distance of 50 feet and a traverse speed of 1 ro/sec to examine the releasability of the sheath fibers.

The measurement time was 15 minutes, the number of samples to be measured was 10, and the evaluation was made according to the following criteria: ◎ Very good O Good △ Peeling × Very poor.

Next, the present invention will be explained with reference to examples.

Example: The filament to be used as the core fiber is selected according to the count of the yarn to be manufactured, and the short fibers to be used as the sheath fiber are made to have an average fiber length specified by the usual worsted spinning method, parlock spinning method, or converter spinning method, and the yarn count to be manufactured is When the sliver was less than 10゛5, a method was adopted in which the sliver was directly spun, and when it was 10 or more, a method was adopted in which a roving was made from the sliver and the roving was spun using a device as shown in Fig. 1.

The main conditions of the spinning machine are as follows.

Ring inner diameter (return φ) 82.5 82
．． 5 55 twists (t/in)
5.2 6. 1 10.2 The physical property values and performance of the core fiber, sheath fiber, and obtained covered yarn used in each example are shown in the table below.

Margin below

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 schematically shows an example of a spinning machine capable of producing the covered yarn of the present invention. Figures 2 to 4 show an apparatus for examining releasability. The numbers in FIG. 1 represent the following, respectively. 1. Roving or sliver 2. Drawing zone 3. Snell wire 4. Spindle 5. Ring rail 6. Heating section 7. Filament 8. Tension part.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The core fiber bundle is covered with a group of fibers constituting a sheath, and the single fibers constituting the sheath are covered yarns that are not substantially twisted with other single fibers constituting the sheath. and the following conditions 1 to 3 (1) The average fiber length of the sheath fiber is 70 mm to 300 mm, (2) The core fiber is a synthetic fiber filament, (3) The coverage is {(sheath fiber A coated yarn characterized by satisfying the following: (volume of core, fiber)/[(volume of core, fiber) + (volume of sheath fiber)]}×1.2 or more. 2. (Volume of core fiber) / (volume of sheath fiber) ratio is 70/3
The covered yarn according to claim 1, which has a ratio of 0 to 10/90. 3. (Volume of core fiber) / (volume of sheath fiber) ratio is 45/5
The covered yarn according to claim 1, which has a ratio of 5 to 20/80.