JPS63243607A - Condenser - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] This invention utilizes an endothermic and exothermic reaction of metal hydrides,
It concerns a condenser that is non-polluting and has high thermal efficiency.

[Conventional technology]

FIG. 7 is a schematic system diagram showing an example of a conventional condenser.

In this figure, 1 is a turbine, 3 is a water supply tank, 5 is a boiler, 6 is a high pressure steam pipe, 7 is a low pressure steam pipe, 8 is a condensate pipe that distributes condensed water to the water supply tank 3, and 9 is a preheating pipe. The previous water supply pipe, 1o is the preheated water supply pipe,
24 is cold water, 25 is heated water, 26 is a condenser, and 27 is a heater.

In this way, the condenser 26 cools the low pressure steam coming out of the turbine 1 with the cold water 24 or a large amount of air, and
In this device, the back pressure of the steam is kept low and the water is condensed.The cold water 24 absorbs the heat of the steam and condenses it.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the conventional condenser 26, a large amount of cold water 24 is used to cool the low pressure steam discharged from the turbine 1. For this reason, when the cold water 24 is heated by steam and discharged as hot water, the heat held by the steam is not utilized and is released to the outside, resulting in heat loss, lowering thermal efficiency, and causing thermal pollution. There is. Also,
A condenser (not shown) using air is an extremely large piece of equipment and has the same problems as those using cold water.

This invention was made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it uses a metal hydride reaction to cool and condense steam without using cold water or air, and to heat water for water supply. The purpose is to obtain a used condenser.

[Means for solving problems]

The condenser according to the present invention releases hydrogen in order to cool the steam discharged from the steam turbine. At the same time, in order to heat the water supplied to the boiler, a tube module is constructed of porous tubes containing a metal hydride that absorbs the released hydrogen, and a thermal assembly including a large number of cono tube modules is constructed at least. At least one pair of thermal assemblies are provided, and in order to cause each pair of thermal assemblies to perform an endothermic reaction and an exothermic reaction alternately, a piping section is provided to connect each pair of thermal assemblies and allow hydrogen to flow through the thermal assemblies. Means is provided for transferring hydrogen in either thermal assembly into the other thermal assembly.

[Effect]

In this invention, a metal hydride that has already stored hydrogen is placed at the turbine outlet, and by reducing the pressure with a hydrogen pump, hydrogen is released and the surrounding area is cooled down. Therefore, the steam from the turbine outlet is cooled and condensed, and at the same time the steam pressure is lowered. In other words, cooling can be performed without using cooling water. On the other hand, the hydrogen released by the heat assembly of the present invention (acting as a condenser) is stored, radiated and heated in another heat assembly having the same structure (acting as a feed water preheater).

〔Example〕

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention.
The same reference numerals as in the figure indicate the same parts, 2 is a first heat assembly, 4 is a second heat assembly, 11 is a pipe module provided in the first heat assembly 2, 12 is a hydrogen pipe, 1
3 is a hydrogen transfer pump; 14 is a second heat assembly 4;
When the first heat assembly 2 is in condensing operation for cooling the steam from the turbine 1, the second heat assembly 4 is a pipe module installed in the boiler 5. Heating operation is performed, and condensate operation and heating operation are performed alternately. In addition, each pipe module 11, 1
4) A metal hydride is built-in to cool the steam or heat the water supply 3) Metals generally absorb hydrogen and release heat. Additionally, when metals that have already stored hydrogen (called metal hydrides) release hydrogen, they absorb heat from their surroundings. Therefore, it is possible to heat or cool the metal by absorbing or releasing hydrogen into the metal.

The condenser configured as described above is a batch system, and the part of the condenser that performs the original cooling function and the part that performs the recovery process while heating the feed water operate in tandem. conduct. Several pairs of these are combined to form a continuous condenser.

The equilibrium of metal hydrides is pressure and temperature dependent, and exhibits the above effects over a very wide temperature range. Therefore, cold water 24
Compared to the conventional method, where the heat transfer area is determined by the temperature of
Metal hydrides can be selected that operate at low temperatures and can be miniaturized.

The configuration of the present invention consists of several pairs of thermal assemblies 2, 4 (for example, 3 vs. 6) and a control mechanism that operates these assemblies in conjunction with each other.

Fig. 2(a) is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the main parts of the thermal assembly, Fig. 2(b) is a perspective view showing the shape of Fig. 2(a), and Fig. 3 is a single unit of the thermal assembly. It is a perspective view showing a shape.

In these figures, the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, and 19 is a metal hydride, which radiates heat by absorbing hydrogen and absorbs heat by releasing hydrogen. 20 is a porous tube containing a metal hydride 19; 21;
2 is a heat transfer fin, 22 is a hydrogen gas piping system, and 23 is a support. Note that the second thermal assembly 4 also has the same +1 as above.
It is vJ-sei.

First, as shown in FIG. 2(a), the first thermal assembly 2 includes a large number of tube modules 11 each containing a metal hydride 19 that absorbs heat when steam passes through it. These public modules 11 contain porous pipes 2o so that hydrogen can react easily, and all of them are connected to hydrogen piping 12. Furthermore, the metal hydride 19 and hydrogen are sealed and do not come into contact with water vapor.

However, the heat transfer fins 21 are provided because the water vapor and the metal hydrate 19 are in close contact with each other in terms of heat transfer. .

This is shown in the perspective view of FIG. 2(b). A built-in first thermal assembly 2 is shown in FIG. The second thermal assembly 4 has a similar configuration. When the feed water to the boiler passes through, the metal hydride in the tube module 11 absorbs hydrogen and generates heat, and each of these thermal assemblies 2, 4 which heat the cold water work together as a pair in the condenser. It performs the action and preheating action of the water supply. This operation is all done by opening and closing valves.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the operating system of the condenser of the present invention, in which the same symbols as in FIG. 1 indicate the same parts, 15 is a steam distribution valve that distributes the steam from the turbine 1, and 16 is a water supply pump. , 17 is an on-off valve, and 18 is an on-off valve as means for transferring hydrogen gas. In FIG. 4, "open" indicates the state in which the valves 17 and 18 are open, and "closed" indicates the state in which the valves 17 and 18 are closed.

Steam from turbine 1 enters first thermal assembly 2 through steam distribution valve 15 . Here, the metal hydride 19 comes into contact with the tube module 11 containing the metal hydride 19, and heat is removed from the metal hydride 19, liquefying it and condensing it. This water is stored in a water tank 3 and enters the second thermal assembly 4 for preheating through a water pump 16. At this time, the tube module 14 in the second heat assembly 4 absorbs hydrogen and generates heat, and the feed water is heated and supplied to the boiler 5.

However, over time, the metal hydride 19 in the first thermal assembly 2 runs out of hydrogen, and the metal hydride 19 in the second thermal assembly 4 absorbs hydrogen to the fullest.
It stops working. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5(a), it is necessary to operate several pairs of thermal assemblies by circulating the first thermal assembly 2 and the second thermal assembly 4. In Figure 5(,), there are three pairs of thermal assemblies 2A and 4A, and 2B and 4B.

The cases of 2C and 4C are shown. FIG. 5(b) shows the operating mode in this case. Return to the beginning again in 6 mode. In the figure, indicates cooling, M indicates precooling, O indicates heating, . indicates preheating, and no mark indicates operating operation of leaving. The thermal assembly IJ2A repeats the operation mode of cooling, leaving, preheating, heating, leaving, and precooling.

Other thermal assembly 2B.

2G, dA, 4B, and dc also repeat the same operation mode by shifting the faces little by little.

The condenser of this invention has an overall shape as shown in the perspective view of FIG.

The features of this invention will be described below.

1. There is no need for cold water or large amounts of air, which were required for condensers.

2. A heat source for preheating the water supply is not required.

3. Continuous operation is possible just by moving hydrogen gas and operating valves.

4. Metal hydrides and hydrogen operate in a completely closed cycle, so there is no consumption in principle.

5. Although it is somewhat expensive, increasing the number of cycles increases the operating rate and does not lead to higher costs.

6. Although there is a problem of thermal stress due to repeated heating, cooling, and thermal cycles, the temperature difference is about 100°C at most and does not pose a major problem.

7. Above 1. Due to reason 2ζ, plant location conditions are relaxed.

8. Also, 1st. Because of this, the problem of thermal pollution is also alleviated.

9. 1st. and second. Because of this, the thermal efficiency of Golant is improved.

It has the excellent characteristics of a hat.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, this invention releases hydrogen in order to cool the M gas discharged from the steam turbine, and stores hydrogen in order to heat the water supplied to the boiler. A tube module is constituted by a porous tube, at least - pairs or more of thermal assemblies each having a plurality of these tube modules are provided, and an adsorption reaction and a 1:Ii thermal reaction are alternately performed in each pair of thermal assemblies. In order to With this new system, it is possible to simultaneously improve terpino efficiency and heat utilization efficiency, which were previously impossible, and in principle eliminate the need for cooling water and large amounts of air, removing major restrictions on plant location. It has advantages such as being able to solve the problem of heat pollution.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2(a) is a side sectional view showing the configuration of the main part of the thermal assembly,
Figure 2(b) is a perspective view showing the shape of the thermal assembly;
Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the shape of a single heat assembly, Figure 4 is a program diagram showing the operating system of the condenser of the present invention, and Figure 5
Figures (a) and (b) both show the circulating operation mode of the condenser of the present invention, Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the external appearance of the condenser of the present invention, and Figure 7 is a conventional condenser. It is a schematic system diagram showing an example of a container. In the figure, 1 is a turbine, 2 is a first heat assembly, 3 is a water supply tank, 4 is a second heat assembly, 5 is a boiler, 6 is a high pressure steam pipe, 7 is a low pressure steam pipe, 8 is a condensate pipe, 9,
10 is a water supply pipe, 11 and 14 are pipe modules, 12 is a hydrogen pipe, 13 is a hydrogen transfer pump, 15 is a steam distribution valve,
16 is a water supply pump, 17 is an on-off valve, 1 is a hydrogen gas on-off valve, 19 is a metal hydride, and 20 is a porous pipe. Figure 1 Figure 2 (a) Figure 2 (b) Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7

Claims (1)

[Claims] In order to cool the steam discharged from the steam turbine, hydrogen is released, and in order to heat the water supplied to the boiler, the tube module is composed of porous tubes containing metal hydride that absorbs hydrogen. At least one pair or more of thermal assemblies each having a large number of these tube modules are provided, and in order to cause each pair of thermal assemblies to perform an endothermic reaction and an exothermic reaction alternately, the thermal assemblies of each pair are connected to each other so that hydrogen 1. A condenser, comprising: a piping section through which hydrogen flows; and means for transferring hydrogen in one of the pairs of heat assemblies to the other heat assembly.