JPS58120084A - Closing type vaporization-heat transmission system and method of transmitting heat of vaporization - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a closed evaporative heat transfer system and its evaporative heat transfer method, and more particularly to a closed evaporative heat transfer system and its evaporative heat transfer method used for air conditioning and air heating. Regarding.

Heat transfer systems based on chemical heat pumps are effective for storing thermal energy via reaction couples. They are effective in converting low-temperature heat into high-temperature heat, and when heated, they can produce a material that exhibits greater performance than a single material, and can be used over a long period of time with minimal loss. high 111
It also has the ability to store thermal energy at degrees Celsius.

For these reasons, chemical heat pumps are potentially useful for use during off-peak periods in power plants, as well as industrial waste chemical heat in solar, ocean and geothermal, or nuclear millet production. It is potentially useful in harnessing heat and is also potentially useful in thermal energy storage and ephemeral and spatial energy storage problems.

Chemical heat pumps use the following Taroki type chemical reaction.

Absorbent (Dry) 10 Steam # Absorbent (Wet) 10 Generated Heat The known system uses sodium sulfide and water as working substances. In this known system, water in liquid state is placed in a first chamber and sodium sulfide is placed in a second chamber. The second chamber is connected to the first chamber by a pipe fitted with a condenser and a valve. An operating pressure less than atmospheric pressure is introduced into this system by a vacuum pump.

In operation, water is evaporated from the first chamber, passes through the pipe, and is absorbed by the sodium sulfide according to the equation as shown below.

Na2S, H20G9)+4HyO(y): NazS
- 5 Hw O + generated heat In this reaction, heat is supplied from a low temperature heat source, and this heat changes the water from its liquid state to vapor. The water vapor passes through the pipe into the body of sodium sulfide where it reacts and generates high temperature heat. This reaction is I
The reverse can be done by supplying heat from an i6 heat source to the hydroxidized sodium sulfide and passing the water as steam through the pipes and condensing it into a liquid state.

In this system, which offers many advantages, one substance, sodium sulfide, is a "hazardous material" compared to caustic soda, and is actually explosive at high temperatures. Additionally, its relatively low thermal conductivity makes it difficult to transfer heat to and from the sodium sulfide, reducing the efficiency of the seven stem.

5rBr4, 6HtOg 8rBr2, H20+
5H! O.

Ferl, 6NH3i Fe I!・2NHB+
4HH1, and FeCl2 6NH3#FeCl2,
Other reaction pairs have been envisioned, such as 2NH3+4NHB, but these other reaction pairs present difficulties such as the development of corrosive materials, the risk of steam leakage, and the high cost of equipment.

The present invention has been made based on the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a closed evaporative heat transfer system that is safe, inexpensive, and efficient and includes a novel reaction couple of working substances arranged in two chambers. An object of the present invention is to provide an evaporative heat transfer method.

In the closed evaporative heat transfer system of the present invention, a predetermined aluminum compound and water cooperate in a simple closed system, which is effective for both heating and cooling purposes and is qualitative in its operation. To create a safe, efficient, and recyclable operation that can be repeated repeatedly without significant changes.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings.

A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to the invention has a combination of predetermined reversible reaction pairs in a plurality of corresponding chambers. The plurality of chambers is a heat exchanger that uses the cooling or heating generated in the plurality of chambers in contact with the working substance to generate the energy required for the continuous circulation of the system in the working substance in the plurality of chambers. It has a temperature control device with

The reaction couple used in this system employs water as the volatile liquid phase change member and an aluminum compound as the solid material that is operative to combine with the water by means of irrigation. A/(OH) and A/O(OH
) and aluminum trihydroxide are preferred solids. This is due to their hydration and dehydration properties, their high thermal conductivity, unchanged physical dimensions during hydration and dehydration, and non-corrosion. Aluminum oxide hydroxide and aluminum trihydroxide occur abundantly in nature in various purities. Since no special purification is required in this system, the product can be supplied in essentially unlimited quantities and at low cost. Aluminum heptadide and aluminum sulfide may also be useful and may provide benefits under special circumstances.

The use of water as part of the reaction couple provides an advantage in the phase change from liquid to vapor due to hydrogen bonding in the complex polymer state present in water in the liquid state. The heat of evaporation increases irregularly.

When water is turned into steam, the polymer chains must be split into individual molecules. The hydrogen bonds present in liquid water inhibit this splitting, resulting in the unusually high heat required for evaporation. Furthermore, hydrogen bonds are
Highly preferred temperature for use in this system -
Evaporation of water set in the pressure area! Lead the degree. Maf
Additionally, the water is non-toxic, substantially inert, and non-corrosive, so it does not pose a risk of leakage in the system.

The reaction between aluminum oxide hydroxide and water is absorption and dissociation in this system according to the following equation.

A/○(OH) Ten audience Oi A/(OH).

In this system, this means that the water undergoes a phase change to the vapor state and the heat of vaporization is extracted from the body of water in the first chamber for the individual units of aluminum oxide. Therefore, the cooling effect of this system through this evaporation is approximately seven times that of the same amount of ice.

The absorption of water vapor in aluminum compounds results in the generation of heat of vaporization, through which the water vapor is condensed. Furthermore, heat is also generated due to the wetting of the aluminum compound. The generation of heat from the aluminum compound raises its temperature to a predetermined value. At this predetermined value of temperature, heat is transferred to the heat storage container. In the heat storage container, the body of the aluminum compound is maintained at a predetermined temperature. This predetermined temperature of this aluminum compound is
It is the temperature at which water is extracted from water vapor at the steam pressure present in the system.

That is, the vapor pressure of a body of water varies as Me of the temperature of that body, and the vapor pressure in equilibrium with the aluminum compound varies as a function of the temperature of the aluminum compound. the result,
The absorption of water vapor and the evaporation of water are continuous and heat must be removed from the body of the aluminum compound. Therefore, 12
At 0℃, aluminum 3 hydroxide is 1 in the wood body.
10 torr corresponding to a temperature of 1℃
Water is in equilibrium with air at a pressure of . During this time, the pressure of water vapor is
In order to achieve equilibrium when the temperature of aluminum trihydroxide is 175°C, it is required to be 760)! If the method is followed, the absorption of water vapor by aluminum trihydroxide at 120° C. can cool the water body to 11° C. by evaporation.

However, if the temperature of the albanium compound was 175℃,
The water body must be at 100°C.

This is because steam gold is supplied at a predetermined pressure so that the steam can be absorbed by the aluminum compound.

As shown in the figure, a water body 10 is placed in a first chamber 12, an aluminum compound in solid form for combining with water vapor is placed in a second M14, and one chamber the first chamber 1 to pass the steam from to the other chamber.
A conduit 16 extends between the 2nd and 20th bends 14.

The combination of water vapor and solid state aluminum compounds in the system reduces the vapor pressure in the system, leading to evaporation of the water and cooling by extraction of the heat of vaporization from the water in the first chamber 10. Heat shown as a tube-shaped coil9. An exchanging member 18 is arranged in the first chamber 12 in contact with the water, and air 1! Il! i
It can be connected to the coil 19 of the device @20. The air conditioner 20 cools the air blown past it by a fan 22 and absorbs heat for return to the water body 10 for continuous evaporation of water from the first chamber 12. .

In the second chamber 14, a period of time occurs in which the aluminum compound in the solid state combines with water vapor. In this system, Alo (OH) + Ht Q: Aj (O
H) In s, the heat generated is 12.5 Kcal, /
molHl is 0. Heat of 14 Kcal/molH,O is generated for hydration from an anhydrous compound to a 18-hydrate, and during dehydration, it becomes a 16-hydrate at 51°C and a 13-hydrate at 80°C. It becomes decahydrate at 97℃, 115
It becomes heptahydrate at ℃, becomes tetrahydrate at 150℃, 18
A/, (80,), -? becomes monohydrate at 0°C and completely dehydrates at 9.200'C. , 5 for the hydration of a completely anhydrous compound to klF, .3-1/2H1O.
Other systems with an A/F that generates 4 Kcal/mol of heat and dehydrates at about 200° C. can also be used.

A large area of solid material for reacting with vapor is provided in the configuration shown by placing the solid material in an ultimately divided state in a breathable layer 24 on a continuous pan 26. Ru.

In a preferred configuration, pan 26 is formed from a metal with high thermal conductivity coupled in a heat transfer manner to heat exchange member 28 . This provides a heat path to and from the solid material. Metals can also be dispersed throughout the solid material 124 to improve the conduction of heat to and from the solid material. Preferably, this metal is in the form of a coffin fiber 30. Furthermore, the supporting dish 26 itself is not connected to the solid material @26.
In order to improve the heat conduction between the substrate and the substrate, the surface may have a surface shape such as a fin 32 extending into the substrate 24.

As shown, heat exchanger 28 may be a tubular coil 34 to which plate 26 is attached by welding, brazing, or other suitable bonding means. The heat generated by the combination of the solid material and water vapor is transferred to a second
The heat can be drawn from the chamber 14 to maintain the temperature of the solid material within a predetermined range for evaporation of the water body in liquid state and effective combination with water vapor for the predetermined cooling. .

Regeneration of the solid material after combination with water vapor is accomplished by supplying heat to the solid material to decompose the combined product and cause release of water vapor through conduit 16.

A condenser 36 is provided in the conduit 16 for returning water vapor to a liquid state and water in a liquid state to the first chamber 12 .

Heating of the solid material can be accomplished by directing the heat conversion liquid from the tubular coil 34 into a heat source such as a solar collector or through a waste heat regeneration system (not shown). Further, a heating member (not shown) such as an electrical resistance member may be provided to directly supply heat to the heat conductive plate 26 when the power supply is not available.

A cell 38 connects the conduit 16 between the condenser 36 and the second chamber 14.
A container is provided in the solid material to block the passage of steam to the solid material after the solid material has been regenerated. When 3f38 is closed, the solid material remains indefinitely in a state where it generates heat by combining with water vapor. Therefore, the storage of thermal energy is
This is easily and easily achieved over long periods of time with minimal loss of sensible heat of the material achieved during the regeneration process.

In a modified train, the chamber with the solid material is actually separated from the system for regeneration at the heat source and then recombined into this system.

A vacuum pump 40 is connected in conduit 16 to remove substances other than vapor from the working liquid. Under reduced pressure, the temperature at which water vapor is generated from the liquid body is at a temperature that is useful for extracting heat from the surrounding source when the aluminum compound is in turn effective for dispersing heat to the surrounding source. .

Although the following examples are helpful in understanding this invention, it is to be understood that this invention is not limited to a specific series of materials plus a specific process or specific conditions.

A pair of two-ring bell-shaped bottles with an inner diameter of 6 inches are combined to create two chambers 12, 14 each having a height of 12 inches.

A water body 10 is arranged in the first chamber 12 and is in contact with a heat exchanger z8, which is a tubular heat exchange coil containing a heat conversion liquid. Heat exchanger 18 is exposed to the atmosphere providing a low temperature heat storage container.

A heat exchanger 28, which is a tubular heat exchange coil, is arranged in the second wealth 14. 0112
6. The pan 26 is provided with a vent 124 of 1 inch thick aluminum oxide hydroxide, such as Azo(on), and a mixture of aluminum fibers. A heat exchanger 28 with a heat exchange liquid tl constitutes a path to either an external heat radiator or a steam supply. A total of 1/2 cubic foot of aluminum compound is supported by pan 26.

A valve 38 and a vacuum pump 40 for evacuating the first and second chambers 12.14 are installed. ! Four tubes 16 are connected to the first and second chambers 12.14.

For 11JJ I'F, this system is initially 10)
The pressure is reduced to Richeri (torr) pressure. The water vapor evaporated from the water body 10 in the first ¥12 is
The water vapor passes through tube 16 and is absorbed by the aluminum oxide hydroxide, generating heat. In this operation, the rate at which water vapor passes through tube 16 is controlled by adjusting valve 38, so that the temperature of the water is reduced to the point where it freezes. A heat exchange liquid is then circulated through the heat exchanger 18 to provide cooling for the air conditioner and to provide heat for the heat of evaporation of the water body 10 to the water body IQ.

The temperature of the acid aluminum hydroxide in the second (D'414) rises due to the heat generated by the absorption of water vapor by the aluminum oxide, and this heat is removed by the heat exchanger 28. Approximately 4750 Kcal of heat is extracted from the water body 10 and generated by the aluminum oxide hydroxide body.

To regenerate this system, 120°C oil is poured into heat exchanger 2.
8 to release water as steam, passing this steam through conduit 16 for condensation and returning the water to the water body 10 in the first body 12 as a result of condensation.

Relatively similar results can be expected in other systems that utilize other water-reactive aluminum compounds such as aluminum sulfide and aluminum fluoride. These aluminum compounds can be dehydrated at temperatures such as
It is best when it is in good harmony with the temperature of the above-mentioned tapping, perforation heat, and other energy sources. The tendency of these aluminum compounds to hydrate and generate sulfur and hydrofluoric acid can be counteracted by a mixture of aluminum sulfide or aluminum fluoride with basic aluminum trihydroxide in the absorption layer. I can do it.

In general, an absorbent that dehydrates at low temperatures, such as can be obtained from solar heat, and an absorbent that dehydrates at high temperatures, such as those produced by leaf heat or motive power during quiet periods, may be mixed or parallel to each other. A system can also be created by arranging them. In this way, the power generated during the heat of the night and during quiet periods can be used to increase the capacity of the system to a desired degree.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

1 is a diagram schematically illustrating a closed evaporative heat transfer system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10... Water body, 12-... First storm, 14... Second silkworm, 16... Conduit, 18... Heat exchanger, 20-
- Air conditioning device, 22... Fan, 24... Ventilated layer, 26... Dish, 28... Heat exchanger, 30
...Fiber, 32...Fan, 34...Coil, 3
6... Condenser, 38... Valve, 40... Vacuum pump. Representative for 4 companies Patent attorney Suzue T, Hikote Tsuzuki
Amendment (method) Month, Day, 57.3.-2, 1939 Director General of the Patent Office Haruko Shimada 1 Patent Application for Indication of Case 1972-S/2 No. 3 Person making the amendment 4, Agent Minato-ku, Tokyo Toranomon 1-26-5 17th Mori Building 7,
Contents of correction As shown in the attached sheet (+)l! Purification of ij small fortune-(no change in content) (2)
Engraving of the drawings (no changes in content) 57.2・,-2 Showa year, month, day, Japan Patent Office Commissioner Shima 1) Haruki Tono 1, Indication of the case Special Report 1987-x127 No. 2, Title of the invention Closed type heat of evaporation Transfer method and closed @ type evaporative heat transfer system 3
, Relationship with the case of the person making the amendment Name of patent applicant: Thermal Energy Restore ζno Incorporated 4, Agent 6, Name of the invention to be amended, Specification 7, Contents of the amendment corrected. (3) Lines 1 to 2 of page 6 and lines 3 to 4 of page 6 of the specification, and lines 3 to 4 of page 9 of the specification.
Line q "Closed evaporative heat transfer system and closed evaporative heat transfer method" is corrected to "closed evaporative heat transfer method and closed evaporative heat transfer system". (4) Add "thing" after "aluminum oxide hydroxide" on page 11, line 13 of the specification. (5) "Aluminum acid J" on page 20, line s10 of the specification is corrected to "aluminum oxide." 2. Claims [11(a) Disposing in a closed system a body of water and an aluminum compound which reacts with water vapor to form an addition compound that generates heat and decomposes due to the heat; (b) water; (C) Directing the water vapor evaporated from the main body to the aluminum compound; (C) Reacting the water vapor with the aluminum compound;
to reduce the water vapor pressure in the closed system,
(d) supplying heat from a low temperature source to the water body to displace heat of evaporation from the water body and withdrawing high temperature heat from the aluminum compound at a controlled rate, causing the water body and the aluminum compound to evaporate continuously; and maintaining the temperature at such a temperature that the supply of heat at the low temperature and the withdrawal of heat at the high temperature are effective; heating and decomposing the adduct compound generated by the reaction to form the aluminum compound and water vapor. A closed evaporative heat transfer method characterized in that: regenerating the system by; returning the water resulting from condensing the water vapor to the water body; (2) The aluminum compound is aluminum oxide hydroxide, aluminum sulfide, aluminum fluoride, a mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide and aluminum sulfide,
A patent characterized in that the product is selected from a mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide and aluminum fluoride, a mixture of aluminum sulfide and aluminum fluoride, and a mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide, aluminum sulfide, and aluminum fluoride. A closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 1. (3) The closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum compound is aluminum oxide hydroxide. (4) Closed type evaporative heat transfer according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum compound is a mixture of aluminum a-chloride and basic aluminum trihydroxide that suppresses the generation of free sulfuric acid. Method. (5) The closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum compound is a mixture of aluminum fluoride and aluminum trihydroxide that suppresses liberated hydrofluoric acid. (6) The closure according to claim 1, characterized in that the body of the aluminum compound is provided with an absorbent that undergoes a thermogenic reaction with water vapor and dehydrates at low temperatures and an absorbent that dehydrates at high temperatures. Type evaporative heat transfer method. (7) The closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 1, characterized in that the transfer rate of water vapor from the water body to the aluminum compound body is controlled to control the cooling rate by evaporation of the water body. . (8) The closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 1, wherein the cooling rate by evaporation of the water body is controlled by controlling the temperature of the aluminum compound body. (9) In step (d), an aluminum compound. 9. The closed evaporative heat transfer method according to claim 8, wherein the temperature is maintained at a temperature at which the vapor pressure of the water at the desired temperature of the water body is in equilibrium with the water vapor. αα a first chamber; an aluminum compound in solid form disposed in the first chamber; heat exchange means for receiving heat from the aluminum compound or supplying heat to the aluminum compound; a second chamber; a water body disposed in the second chamber; a heat exchange means for supplying heat to the water body or receiving heat from the water body; and a heat exchange means for supplying heat to the water body or receiving heat from the water body; A conduit for passing steam; The aluminum compound is selected from among those compounds that react physically or chemically with steam to generate heat and form an addition compound. A closed evaporative heat transfer system characterized in that the additional compound is thermally decomposed to regenerate the aluminum compound and the water vapor. 01) Claim 10, characterized in that the conduit is equipped with a condenser that condenses the water vapor released from the aluminum compound and returns the water produced by the condensation to the second chamber. closed evaporative heat transfer system. 12. The closed evaporative heat transfer system of claim 11, wherein the conduit between the a2 pseudo-condenser and the second chamber is provided with a valve. (To) A patent characterized in that the heat exchange means arranged in the first chamber has support means with good thermal conductivity for the 5-aluminum compound to improve the thermal conductivity. A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 12. (b) Claim 18 characterized in that the supporting means is a continuously arranged plate supporting the aluminum compound in a layered manner to increase the contact area with water vapor.
Closed evaporative heat transfer system according to clause 13. (To) The aluminum compound is finely divided, and here the layer is the inside of the single layer of aluminum compound and the steam? ! 15. Closed m-evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 14, characterized in that it has one ventilation for contacting. (Conversion) The closed type evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 15, characterized in that metal fibers having thermal conductivity are dispersed in the aluminum compound. 17. A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 16, characterized in that the αη plate has protrusions in the aluminum compound that extend to improve heat transfer through the plate. (Foundation) Aluminum compound contains % aluminum oxide water E1
i-ide, aluminum sulfide, aluminum fluoride, mixture of aluminum hydroxide and aluminum sulfide,
Mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide and aluminum fluoride/oxidation 7'/l/
Mixture of aluminum hydroxide, aluminum sulfide and aluminum fluoride / Mixture of aluminum sulfide and aluminum fluoride 1. 13. The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 12, characterized in that: a9 The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 18, wherein the aluminum compound is aluminum oxide hydroxide. A heat exchanger is placed in the second chamber. 12. The chain evaporative heat transfer system of claim 11, wherein the chain evaporative heat transfer system is connected to supply a cooled heat exchange liquid in contact with a body of water and with a cooling coil of an air conditioner.

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) A first chamber; An aluminum compound in solid form disposed in the first chamber; A heat exchange means for receiving heat from the aluminum compound or supplying heat to the aluminum compound; ; A second chamber; A wooden body placed in the second chamber; A heat exchange means for supplying heat to the wooden body or receiving heat from the wooden body; Either the first or second chamber a conduit for passing water vapor from one side to the other; an aluminum compound selected from among the compounds that reacts physically or chemically with the vapor to generate heat and form an addition compound; A closed evaporative heat transfer system characterized in that an additional compound is thermally decomposed to regenerate the aluminum compound and the water vapor. (2) The conduit is provided with a condenser for condensing the water vapor released from the aluminum compound and for returning the resulting water to the second chamber. Closed evaporative heat transfer system as described. (3) The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 2, wherein the conduit has a valve between the condenser and the second chamber. ((trans)) characterized in that the heat exchange means arranged in the first chamber have support means with good thermal conductivity for the aluminum compound, rounded to improve the heat conduction wheel. A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 3. (5) The support means is a series of dishes that support the aluminum compound in one state to increase the contact area with water vapor. The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to item 4 of the scope of the special request, characterized in that: (6) the aluminum compound is finely divided; The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 5, characterized in that it has air permeability in order to bring the inside of the aluminum compound into contact with the steam. (7) In the aluminum compound, A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 6, characterized in that a gold layer of thermally conductive fibers is dispersed therein. (8) The dish extends into the aluminum compound. A closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 7, characterized in that it has a protrusion that improves heat conduction from the dish. (9) The aluminum compound is aluminum oxide hydroxide. Aluminum sulfide, aluminum fluoride, mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide and aluminum sulfide, mixture of aluminum oxide and aluminum fluoride,
The closed evaporative heat transfer according to claim 3, characterized in that it is either a mixture of aluminum oxide hydroxide, aluminum sulfide, and aluminum heptafluoride or a mixture of aluminum sulfide and aluminum heptafluoride. system. Q(I) The closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 9JJ, characterized in that the aluminum compound is aluminum oxide hydroxide. , a closed evaporative heat transfer system according to claim 2gL, characterized in that the closed evaporative heat transfer system is in contact with a body of water and is connected to the nine cooling coils of an air conditioner for supplying a cooled heat exchange liquid. (a) placing in a closed system a body of water and an aluminum compound which reacts with the water vapor to form an addition compound that generates heat and decomposes with the heat; (b) water vapor evaporated from the body of water; to the aluminum compound; (C) water vapor reacts with the aluminum compound to reduce the water vapor pressure in the closed system and continue evaporation of the water body; to replace the heat of evaporation from the water body, and draw high-temperature heat from the aluminum compound at a controlled rate, and connect the water body and the aluminum compound to the above-mentioned supply of heat at the low temperature and the extraction of heat at the above-mentioned still temperature. maintain the system at such a temperature that it is effective; regenerate the system by heating and decomposing the adducts generated by the reaction to form the aluminum compounds and water vapor; and condensing the water vapor as a result of the condensation. A method for transferring evaporative heat in a closed Wii type evaporative heat transfer system, characterized in that the water is returned to the water body.