JPS58501312A - Continuous seawater desalination method - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] Name of the invention Double continuous seawater desalination method The present invention utilizes solar energy to concentrate daytime and nighttime transportation to obtain fresh water from seawater. This paper relates to a continuous seawater desalination method.

It is known to use solar energy in flat open solar tanks to extract salt. Ru. A method of solar desalination from seawater to produce drinking water has also been developed and tested. It is Zumi. For these, solar tanks covered with transparent materials or vacuum evaporation are generally used. (1. Obtaining salt as a by-product at the same time by pushing in a solar heat collector) I can also do it. In such a device, fresh seawater is introduced into a vacuum evaporator and the preheat with steam in the opposite direction through the tube. The steam condenses into potable water and is removed from the equipment. has been released. Preheated seawater is heated in the heat exchanger of the solar thermal circulator and evaporated under reduced pressure. It is returned to the container. The remaining brine is either returned to the water or used for salt products. be done. All conventional solar technology methods require energy storage for continuous operation. Significant problems remain from an economic and technical point of view. Certainly the solar tank itself It serves as a heat storage, but the ratio of capacity to surface area is poor and heat loss is large. It has become.

Insulated containers as hot water storage devices inherently have higher investment costs and are more expensive than sea water due to solar heating. Desalination cannot be expected to operate economically. Also, in this case, loss of power is unavoidable.

The purpose of the present invention is to develop a method that eliminates the drawbacks of conventional equipment and enables continuous operation. Is Rukoto.

It has been found that these objectives can be achieved by the method described at the beginning. solar irradiation When there is sufficient solar radiation, it accumulates as chemical heat, and when solar radiation is not sufficiently young, it accumulates as external heat. Heat is dissipated again using a heat source, and these chemical heat accumulations accumulate or become free during heat dissipation. The generated heat is used to condense seawater. Advantages of embodiments of the method of the invention are claimed in the claims. This is explained in subparagraphs 2 to 4 of the scope of .

The chemical heat storage according to the present invention is characterized by an adsorption heat pump that operates continuously or discontinuously. using an absorption heat pump. Seawater can be used as an external heat source. Seawater concentration is carried out in a vacuum evaporator.

The advantages that can be achieved with the present invention are essentially those of an adsorption heat pump with continuous or discontinuous operation. This makes chemical energy essentially energy-efficient at high energy densities. The point is that it can be stored without energy loss. This is a waste of solar energy for young people driving at night. It can also be used during cloudy periods. This means that when processing solar energy it is necessary to separate the Accumulation and heat absorption become possible. Adsorption heat pump thermodynamic cycle process or treatment technique It is advantageously combined with the desalination process of solar heating. the Solar energy is used to desorb and the stored heat obtained from the heat pump drives the desalination process. When the heat is not supplied, the active substance becomes more free in the process of binding. Can absorb heat.

As a result, when the daily throughput of desalination is the same, solar system The system size of the vacuum evaporator and sea-to-sea transport equipment is inherently small. It becomes.

Furthermore, this device inherently has high utilization efficiency.Ao or #1. Required for pump (heat accumulation-release) Since the heating temperature of heat pump evaporation is low, seawater, environmental air and (for young people) ) Still warm discharge brine can be used. Therefore, the efficiency of the heat pump used is Provides essentially more heat to the desalination process than can be obtained with traditional solar systems You can.

This allows the device to be significantly more compact, as explained above. the Subsystems and equipment technology for solar circulators, vacuum evaporators, solar circulators, heat storage/heat pump equipment, etc. Combining above is not disjunctive. This is because most of the equipment is operated at night as well as during the day. This is because it can also be used for intermittent operation.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The attached drawings are Figure 1: Desalination equipment in daytime operation according to the method of the present invention Figure 2: The equipment shown in Figure 1 This provides a simple principle of night driving.

Parts of the equipment related to daytime and nighttime driving are indicated by thick lines in the drawing. used For the sake of simplicity, scientific heat storage is carried out as a discontinuous adsorption heat pump using a solid/gas reaction.

The heat pump consists of an endothermic heat sink 11, an evaporator condenser 2, and a connection conduit 3 that can be shut off. Ru. During daytime operation, as shown in Figure 1, the solar heat absorption circulator 4 operates as a heat absorber and heat sink. Heat. At that time, valve 5 is closed and valve 6 is open. The heat dissipating substance passes through the open valve 3. The water enters the evaporative condenser 2, where it condenses and heats the preheated seawater for desalination. do. At that time, valves 8 and 9 are closed while valves 10 and 11 are opened. through evaporative condenser 2 The heated seawater is led to a reduced pressure evaporator 12. At that time, valve 13 is opened and valve 14 is closed.

After evaporation of the polyacid, the potable water 5 and the remaining brine 16 are removed from the apparatus. Dressed like this After utilizing the position, perform the discharge operation and close the valve 3. This frees up reaction exchange. Since the absorbed heat can be accumulated without loss, the reaction partner can be separated and accumulated. In the night operation shown in Figure 2, the absorbed heat accumulated through reaction exchange is used for desalination. It can be used for Therefore, the heat of the evaporation condenser 2 of the adsorption heat pump is temporarily generated. must be supplied for evaporation. These heats are absorbed by the side flow of the seawater valve 8. It can be extracted from the ambient air and (potentially) from the remaining brine 16 that is discharged. child In contrast, in the method illustrated, seawater is selected and after passing through the evaporator condenser 2, fP13 is discharged through valve 14 since it is closed. At this time, the valve 11 is also closed.

Then, the temporary component passes from the evaporator condenser 2 to the endothermic heat radiator 1 to absorb heat through the valve 3. flows. The absorbed heat released here closes valve 6, so it is circulated through valve 1 and heat exchanger. 17 and the endothermic heat radiator 1 that preheats the seawater, and then flows through the heat exchanger 17. It passes through valves 9 and 10 and finally returns to the vacuum evaporator 12. It was like when I was driving during the day. Drinking water 5 and remaining salt water 16 are taken out.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. The purpose of obtaining fresh water from seawater using solar energy is to condense it during the day and at night. In the continuous seawater desalination method, chemical heat is produced during sufficient periods of solar radiation. store energy, During periods when solar radiation is insufficient and young, it is emitted again using an external low-temperature heat source, Chemical heat storage, the heat released by the accumulation or release of 9 vessels is used to condense seawater. Characteristic continuous seawater desalination method. 2. The seawater desalination method according to claim 1, wherein seawater is used as an external low-temperature heat source. 3. Applications using adsorption heat pumps, especially absorption pumps, that operate discontinuously as a chemical heat source. The seawater desalination method described in item 1 or item 2 of the scope of the request. 4. The method according to claims 1 to 3, wherein the seawater is concentrated in a vacuum evaporator. Seawater desalination method.